nhdn tao AI hi$n nay da phat trien den miic chi cin dya vao nhung thdng tin ban ddu do ngudi diing cung cSp, chiing cd kha nang phan tich hdnh vi con nguai, tham chi co the dua ra nhiing
Trang 1(Xmttn ^anh <7i/ Stf 1(334)-2020
PHAP LUAT VE BAO VE THdNG TIN BJ MAT C^A CA NHAN CUA NliT S ( NliOC TREN THE 6101 VA KINH NGHIEM CHO VIET NAM
• PGS.TS N G U Y S N T H | NHUNG *
& TS Lfe eiNH NGHI **
Tom tat: Bdi viet di cap din phdp ludt ve bdo vi thong tin cd nhdn cda mgt so nit&c tren the giai vd kinh nghiem doi vdi Viit Nam
Abstract: The article mentions the law on protecting personal information of some countries in the world and experiences for Vietnam
1 Khai quat ve bao ve thong tin bi mat ciia ca
nhan a Viet Nam
Thai gian gan day, van de bi m^t ca nhan tro nen
"nong" hem bao gia het voi hang loat nhfing vy vi$c
ro ri thong tin ca nhan khong chi giai han a Vi?t
Nam ma con xuat hien a nhieu qu6c gia tren the
gi(ji Tim hieu ve thong tin bi mat ca nhan va cac ca
che cua phap luat hien hanh bao ve nhu the nao doi
vdi moi ca nhan tro nen can thiet Hi?n nay, a Vi^t
Nam vSn chua co cac van ban quy ph?im phap luat
cu the dieu chinh, giai thich ve khai ni?m nay Tuy
nhien, phap luat luon bao ve va dam bao tot nhat
quyen bao ve thong tin bi m^t ca nhan cho cong
dan Quyen nay cua moi ca nhan dugc ghi nh^n
trong van ban phap luat co gia tri phap Iy cao nhat
cua Viet Nam do la Hien phap nam 2013, cy the
Dieu 21 quy dinh: "1 Moi nguoi co quyen bat kha
xam pham ve dai song rieng tu, bi m^t ca nhan va
bi mat gia dinh; co quyen bao ve danh dy, uy tin
cua minh Thong tin ve doi s6ng rieng tu, bi m^t ca
nhan, bi mat gia dinh dugc phap luat bao dam an
toan
2 Moi nguoi co quyen bi m^t thir tin, di?n tho?!,
di^n tin va cac hinh thuc trao doi thong tin rieng tu
khac Khong ai dugc boc mo, kiem soat, thu gift trai Iu|t thu tin, dien thoai, di?n tin va cac hinh thuc trao d6i thong tin rieng tu cua ngu&i khdc" Sau do, quyen nay ciia cong dan con dugc cy the
hoa vi dugc quy dinh r6 han trong cac vin ban lugt
chuyen nganh Theo Dieu 38 Bo luat Dan su nam
2015, thi thong tin bi m^t ciia m6i ca nhki la bat
kha xam pham, mgi hanh vi thu thap, luu giii, sii dung, cong khai thdng tin lien quan d^n dai song rieng tu, bi mat ca nhan phai dugc nguoi do dong
y Nhu vay, ve nguyen tSc, bat cii dan vj nao muon tiep c^n, su dyng dii lifu ca nhan thi phai dugc sy
dong f cOa chii s6 hthi dii li?u do Thyc t6, phdp
luat khong cam cac don vj thu th$p thong tin cd nhan cua ngu6i khac, tuy nhiSn thi mpi h^nh vi deu phai n5m trong giai hgn ma phap luat cho phep
Luat An ninh mang ndm 2018 ra dai la mpt huac
tien mai cua Hch su lap phap Viet Nam trong vi?c bao v? cac quyen nhdn than cua cong dan, cu the la quyen dugc bao ve bi m|t thong tin ca nhan Luat
An ninh mang ndm 2018 dugc xay dyng tren co so tuan thii quy djnh ve bao v? quyen con nguoi, trong
do c6 quySn bat kha xam ve doi song rieng tu cua
Hien phap hi?n hanh Chinh vi the, thong tin cd
* Dcii hoc Ma Hd Noi Ddn chCi & Phdp lu^t I
Trang 2C^udn §anh ^y S6 1 (334) - 2O20
nhan dugc Luat nay bao ve chat che Theo do, trdch
nhi?m bdo ve bi mat kinh doanh, bi mgt ca nhan, bi
mgt gia dinh va dai song rieng tu tren kh6ng gian
mgng cua cac ca quan chuc nang, doanh nghiep va
to chitc, cd nhan co lien quan dugc quy dinh cy the
tai Dieu 17 cua Luat
Cac hanh vi nhu chiem doat, mua ban, thu giii,
CO y lam 16, xoa, lam hu hong, that Igc, thay doi,
dua len khong gian mang nhiing thong tin thupc bi
mat kinh doanh, bi mat ca nhan, bi mat gia dinh va
dcri song rieng tu cua nguai khac ma chua dugc
phep ciia nguai sir dung hoac trai quy dinh ciia
phap lugt sc bi xu ly Khi thong tin bi mat ciia ca
nhan bj xam phgm, xet tren cac dieu ki^n phat sinh
trach nhiem dan su khi co hanh vi trai phdp luat, co
thiet hai ve mat tinh than, co moi quan he nhan qua
giua hanh vi va thiet hai thuc tc, cd nhdn c6 the
nhan dugc nhung khoan boi thuang thiet hai
Nhiing khodn boi thuang thiet hgi do quy6n nhan
than bi xam phgm la boi thudng thiet hai ve vat chat
va boi thuong thiet hai ve tinh than theo quy dinh
tai Di^u 592 Bg luat Dan sy nam 2015
Phap luat Viet Nam cung co nhiing co che de
bao ve thong tm bi mat cd nhan nhu xu phat hanh
chinh, nghiem trpng hon co the la hinh phat tii
(theo Dieu 159 Bg luat Hinh su nam 2015 -siiaddi,
bo sung nam 2017) nham ran de cac hanh vi xam
phgm bi mat ca nhan, true lgi cho ban than, gay ra
nhiing ton that khong chi ve vat chat ma con ca tinh
than den chii the bi xam phgm
Vdi xu hudng phat trien mot so cong ngh? Idn
tren the gidi nhu: Dien todn dam may (cloud
com-puting), dii lieu Idn (big data), internet ket noi vgn
vat (internet of things), cac cong ngh? ky thuat so
khac thi vice thu thap, luu tru, chuyen giao va
phan tich dii lieu cd nhan ngay cang don gian hon
He thdng dO li?u ldn va cong ngh? tri tu? nhdn tao (AI) hi$n nay da phat trien den miic chi cin dya vao nhung thdng tin ban ddu do ngudi diing cung cSp, chiing cd kha nang phan tich hdnh vi con nguai, tham chi co the dua ra nhiing djnh hudng, dy doan hanh vi ciia chii sd huu cac thdng tin nay khi bi dat trong mpt tinh hudng nao d6 Hien nay, thong tin cua mdi cd nhan bi rd ri va ban tMn moi ca nhan cung chua nhgn thiic dugc tam quan trpng ciia thong tin ca nhan chinh minh
Cau hoi ddt ra la, chiing ta dang bi xdm pham bi mat thdng cd nhan nhu the nao? Tren thyc te, khong khd d6 nhgn ra nhiing sy xdm phgm bi mat thong tin ca nhan tir don gidn den tinh vi trong ddi song
xa hdi hi$n nay nhu: Hanh vi xem trpm nhdt ky, dgc trgm tin nhan cho den sy thu thgp thdng tin khach hang cua cac hang sim, the di?n thoai tdi cdc trudng dgi hpc, ghi am cdc cupc noi chuy?n bi mgt, hay xam nhdp tai khoan ca nhdn tren mgng xd hpi thong qua nhung thugt todn cong nghe, Da phan nhimg thong tin bi mat cua ca nhan bj xam pham nay nham den myc dich thuong mgi hodc tong ti^n cimg nhieu hanh vi nguy hiem cho xa hpi khdc Nhu vdy, phap luat Viet Nam luon hudng den vi?c bao V? tdt nhat cdc nhom quydn danh cho cong ddn, trong dd co quyen dugc bao v? bi mat thdng tin cd nhan Chiing ta dd xay dyng vS co ban cac quy djnh phap luat, dua ra cdc ca sd phap ly khdng djnh tuy?t d6i q u y k rieng tu ciia cd nhan, khdng ai
cd quyen dugc xam phgm
2 Phdp luSt ve bao vf thdng tin bf m|t ca
nhan a mpt so nude tren the gidi
Bao v$ thdng tin bi mgt cd nhan xudt phdt tii viec xac dinh bao ve dii li?u ca nhan (personal data protection) Id van de dugc nhidu qudc gia tren the gidi quan tam, dac bi?t trong bdi canh each mgng
I Ddn chD & Phdp lu^t
Trang 3QbuAnQanh^g, Sd 1(334)-2020
cdng nghe 4.0, khi ma xu hucrng toan cau hoa, cdng
ngh? sd thay ddi cdn bdn cupc sdng ciia con ngudi
Hien nay, hon 100 qudc gia da cd nhiing dao lugt
rieng (personal data protection act) de bao v? thdng
tin cho cac chii the cd nhan, cdng dan nude sd tgi'
Tuy nhien, thyc te cho thay dao luat bao v? thdng
tin ca nhan d cac qudc gia la khdng gidng nhau^,
nen tac gia chi lya chpn mgt so dgo lugt tieu bi6u d i
nghien ciiu
2.1 Bp lugt Bdo vf du- ii^u chung ciia Lien
minh chdu Au^
Bp lugt Bao ve dii li?u chung (General Data
Protection Regulation - GDPR) vira mdi dugc ban
hanh va bat dau cd hipu lye tgi cac nude thugc Lien
minh chau Au (EL)) Tir ngay 25/5/2018, Bp luat
mdi nay se bao v? dii li?u va quyen rieng tu ddi vdi
cac cdng dan EU nhimg ciing dp dung vdi nhieu
qudc gia khdc theo nhieu each Do phdn ldn cac
cdng ty cdng nghe ldn deu hogt ddng da qudc gia
nen GDPR se tac dpng den nhiing thit chiing ta
diing hang ngay
GDPR dugc soan ra la nham giai quyet mdt van
de tdn tgi Iau nay trong ITnh vyc cdng nghe do la
nhieu cdng ty dang thu thap va lam dung thdng tin
ngudi diing Chung ta deu biet rang, ke tir thdi dgi
internet thi nhieu cdng ty van dang hogt dpng theo
kieu phai lay cang nhieu da li?u ngudi diing cang
tdt Dieu nay khdng kho va vi vay cdc cdng ty nay
chang cd Iy do gi ma tir chdi mpt luong dii lieu
khdng Id, nhieu ticm ndng khai thac den vay tir
chinh ngudi dung san pham/dich vy ciia hg
Van dc d day la, trong nhiing nam qua, rdt nhieu
cdng ty da khdng thanh cdng trong viec bdo ve hoac
cd y Igm dung dir !i?u ca nhdn ciia ngudi dimg
Chinh vi vay, EU da xem xet ky tinh trang nay va
su dung GDPR de khdc phyc Theo ludt mdi, cac
cdng ty khdng bao ve trgn v?n du lipu ngudi dimg hogc lam dyng dii lieu do theo bat ky cdch nao se ddi mat vdi an phgt rdt ldn
- Cdch hieu ve "da li?u cd nhdn ": Theo GDPR,
dii lieu ca nhan la mgi thdng tin giiip nhgn dang, nhgn di?n mpt con ngudi Day la mpt khdi ni?m rdt rgng va tren thyc te, dii lieu cd nhan s6 bao gdm: Dii lipu ti6u su nhdn thdn (nhu ten, dja chi, sd dipn thoai, so bdo hiSm xa hpi ); dii lipu Hen quan den ngogi hinh va thd chdt (nhu mdu tdc, chiing tgc, chieu cao, can nang ); thdng tin ve tinh trang giao dye va lich sir lao dpng (nhu thu nhgp, bdng cap, GPA, ma sd thue ca nhan ); mgi dii li?u ve y hpc vadi truyen
- Ve vai tro ciia GDPR: GDPR se mang lgi cho
cdng ddn chdu Au - nhiing ai cd dQ" lipu cd nhdn bj thu th^p va sit dyng 08 quySn ca ban"*: + Quyen dugc thdng bao: Niu mpt cdng ty dang thu thap dii lipu ciia bgn, hp can phai bao eho bgn biet ve loai dfi lieu gi dang dupc lay, tgi sao lay va chiing dugc sii dyng lam gi, hp se giu du li?u nay trong bao Iau va lipu cd chia se vdi cdc phia khac hay khdng Thdng tin nay thudng bj "ehdn viii" trong nhftng vdn ban dieu khodn djch vy ma hidm
ai dgc va gid day, cac van ban nay bugc phai dugc
cd dpng lgi va giai thich bdng ngdn ngii dan gidn + Quyen dugc truy cgp: Neu dugc yeu cau, mpi
to chiic dang luu trft dft li?u lien quan den mgt chii the bdt huge phdi cung cap du Heu cho chii the yeu cau trong vong 01 thdng
+ Quyen dugc cdi chinh: Neu mdt chii the co dii li?u dugc thu thap phat hien ra mpt cdng ty sd hiiu dft Upu cua hg nhung dii lieu nay khdng chinh xac, thi chii the cd the yeu cau cap nhgt dft li?u Cac cdng ty cung se cd 01 thang dd thyc hipn + Quyen dugc xoa bo: Mgt chii the cd dft lipu
Ddn chO & Phdp lu$t I
Trang 4%ujan Qanh '7^ 861(334)-2020
dugc thu thgp cd the yeu eau mdt cdng ty xda mgi
du lieu ma hp dang nam gift trong mdt sd tinh
hudng nhat dinh, Chang hgn nhu, neu dft lipu nay
khdng can dung den nfta hogc chii the khdng bang
long cho cdng ty su dung dft lidu ciia minh
+ Quyen dugc gidi han xu ly: Neu mgt td chirc
khdng the xoa du lieu ciia mdt chii the, chang han
nhu hg can du lieu nay de sir dyng cho mdt vy viec
phap ly thi chu the cd quydn yeu cau cdng ty dd han
che xii ly du lieu
+ Quyen dugc luan chuyen dft lipu: Chu the dft
lieu cd quyen dua dft lieu ca nhan ciia minh tir dich
vy nay sang diing vdi mgt dich vu khac
+ Quyen dugc phan ddi: Neu du lieu dugc thu
thdp ma khdng c6 su ddng y ciia chu the nhung vi
lgi ich kinh doanh hgp phap, vi Igi ich cdng cgng
hoge theo yeu cau cua mdt co quan cd thdm quydn
thi chu the cd quyen phan ddi Td chiic ndo thu thap
dft li?u bat budc phdi ngung xu ly du li?u cua chu
the cho den khi cd the chiing minh nhung ly do
chinh dang de thyc hien dieu nay
Cac quyen lien quan den viec tu ra quyet dinh
bao gdm luge td: GDPR se dua ra cac bien phap
bao ve de ca nhan cd du lieu dugc thu thap cd th6
phan ddi hoac dugc giai thich vc nhftng quyet djnh
ty ddng (do nhiing td chirc/cdng ty thu thap dft li?u)
dua ra anh hudng the nao den hp va du lieu ciia hp
Ngoai ra, GDPR cdn budc cac cdng ty phdi dua
ra ly do hgp phap dc thu thap hay xu ly mpi dft lieu
ca nhan Mot trong nhung ly do hgp phap la hp cd
dugc su chap thuan dc sir dung du: lieu cho mdt
myc dich cy the hoac bat budc phai thu thap dii lieu
dc tuan thu cac nghTa vy phap ly hodc vi lgi ich
cpng ddng
Cd the ndi rang, GDPR la mdt bp luat rat khdc
nghi?t, mpt td chirc cd the bi phat tdi 20 trieu EUR
hogc 4% doanh thu hang ndm tren todn cau (tiiy theo miic nao cao hon) Ddi vdi nhftng cdng ty nhu Amazon hay Google, sd tien nay cd the len tdi hang
ty USD neu vi phgm GDPR
- Ve tdc dgng ciia GDPR den nhiing qudc gia
khdc ngodi EU: GDPR la mdt Bd lugt do EU sogn
vd cd hipu lye tai cac quoc gia EU, bao vp cho cit
dan EU Cdng dan ciia nhiing qudc gia khae, vl ly
thuyet khdng dugc lgi gi Tuy nhien, GDPR vin ^ dyng ddi vdi nhiing ai sd hiiu hd chieu cdng dan chau Au, chdng han nhu ban la cdng ddn Vipt Nam nhung cung mang qudc tjch cua mgt qudc gia EU, thi liic nay ban se dugc bdo vp bdi GDPR GDPR dp dyng cbo cdng dan chau Au nhung s^ thay ddi ve chinh sach bao mgt dft lipu ciia cac cdng
ty doi vdi EU cung it nhieu tdc dgng den chiing ta bdi GDPR khien nhidu cdng ty phai xem xet Igi each hg thu thap va sft dyng dft lipu ngudi diing cung nhu mpt sd cdng ty da bat ddu dp dyng chinh sach mdi theo quy chuan GDPR cho cdc khu vuc ngoai EU bdi se dan gidn hon ddi vdi cac cdng ty neu diing mdt bp chinh sach duy nhdt ap dyng len tat cd ngudi dimg trong nhieu trudng hgp Chang hgn nhu Apple cung da phat hanh mgt cdng thdng tin vd bao m^t du lipu cd nhan trong d6
ngudi diing tgi mgi noi tren the gidi cd thd tdi vl
todn bg dft lipu cua minh hodc xda tai khoan Noi each khae, Apple da cung edp quyen truy cgp va xda bd cho ngudi dimg, trudc mdt dp dyng cho cac tai khodn tgi EU nhung hang cung da cd kd hoach
md rdng md hinh nay ra toan cdu trong vdi thang tdi Tuong ty, Facebook ciing da bdt dau thay d6i chinh sach de tudn theo bg lugt GDPR dp dyng vdi mpt so ngudi diing ngodi EU
2.2 lu^t Bao vf dit li^u cd nhdn cm Estonia^
Estonia da ban hanh Lugt Bdo v? du li^u cd nhan
I Ddn chCi & Phdp ludt
Trang 5(Xkidn §anh ^g 861(334)-2020
nam 2003 va nam 2007 Lugt Bao v? dft lipu ca
nhan cua Estonia quy dinh du lieu cd nhdn la thdng
tin lien quan den mpt ngudi dugc xdc djnh hoac
mdt ngudi cd the xac djnh bang cdch tham chidu
den cac dgc diem the chat, tinh than, sinh ly, kinh
te, van hda hoac xa hoi, cac mdi quan hp vd hiep hpi
eua ngudi dd Ludt cung quy djnh dft lipu ed nhdn
rieng tir bao gdm dft lieu dugc quy djnh trong Lugt
Thdng tin cdng cpng nam 2001 ciia Estonia, ngogi
trir do lieu tiet Ip tinh each, kha nang hogc dgc diem
khac ciia mgt ngudi Dft lipu ca nhan nhgy cdm bao
gdm cac du lieu dugc quy dinh trong Lugt Thdng
tin cdng cgng nam 2001 ciia Estonia; ngoai ra, bd
sung them du lieu lien quan den tinh trang khuyet
tdt, dft lieu lidn quan den thdng tin di truyen, dft lipu
Hen quan den thanh vien trong td chuc cdng doan
Muc dieh eiia Luat Bao vc du lipu cd nhan cua
Estonia la bao ve cac quyen ca ban va quyen ty do
cua ca nhan do trong qua trinh xu ly dft lieu, quan
trpng nhat la quyen bat kha xam phgm ddi tu Pham
vi quy djnh ciia Luat nay la cae dieu kipn va quy
trinh xu ly dft lieu ca nhdn, quy trinh gidm sdt nha
nude khi xu ly dft lieu ca nhan, trach nhipm ddi vdi
viec vi phgm cdc yeu cau ve xu Iy du lipu cd nhan
Lugt quy djnh du lipu cd nhan la bat ky dft lipu
nao Hen quan den cd nhan dd dugc xdc dinh hogc
nhgn dgng, bat ke d mpt dinh dang tdi lipu ndo Lugt
quy djnh ro dft lieu cd nhan nhay cam la dft lieu tiet
Ip quan diem chinh trj hoac niem tin tdn giao hogc
trilt hgc, ngogi tru dft lieu lien quan den mpt td
chuc cd tu each phap ly ddc lap, co the tham gia
vao cdc hogt dpng kinh te, chinh trj, xa hdi theo
quy djnh ciia phap luat; du lipu tiet Ip ngudn gdc
chung tdc hoac dan tdc; du lieu lien quan den tinh
trgng sue khdc hoac chiic nang sinh ly ciia mdt
ngudi; thdng tin thu thap dugc trong qud trinh td
tung hinh sy hogc trong cdc trudng hgp td tyng khdc de xac djnh mdt hanh vi phgm tdi trudc phien toa cdng khai hoac trudc khi cd phdn quyet hogc neu dieu nay la can thidt de bdo vp dgo due xa hpi hoac gia dinh va cudc sdng ca nhan cua con ngudi hoac khi can bdo vp cdc quyen Igi cua tre vi thanh nien, ngn nhan, nhan chung hogc thdm phdn
3 Mpt s6 khuyen nghi hoan thipn phap luat Mpt Nam gdp phan bao vp bi n i | t ciia ca nhan Tren ca sd nghien cuu phdp ludt eiia mpt sd qudc gia ve bao vp dft lipu ca nhan va so sanh, ddi chieu vdi phap luat thyc djnh cua Vipt Nam, tac gia dua ra mpt so khuyen nghj nham hoan thi^n phdp lugt Vipt Nam ve van de nay nhu sau;
Thur nhat, phap lugt qudc te chii trpng tdi vipc
bdo ve dft lipu, thdng tin ciia ed nhan, theo dd, nguyen tde ciia bdo v? dft lipu cd nhdn la moi ngudi deu cd the ty quyet dinh la ngudi nao, khi nao vd dft lieu ca nhdn nao eiia minh dugc phep cho ngudi khac xem Kem theo do la cdc quy tac, quy dinh
mang yeu td "ky thuat" chuyen nganh cao, 6^ bipt
cd y nghia trong mdi trudng mgng hipn nay Phap limt qudc te vdi xu hudng tgp trung bdo vp ca nhan vdi nhung quyen ca ban cua hg, lay con ngudi la trung tdm ndn trang bi nhieu quyen, cy the quyen ciia hg ciing nhu trdch nhiem ciia cdc chu the cd lien quan Ve phia luat Viet Nam, mdc du da dugc xay dyng vdi tinh than chung de bao vp thdng tin cd nhdn, bi mat ca nhdn, nhung tren thyc te, ve mat chinh sdch phap ludt, chua cd mgt quy djnh cy the, chinh thiic ve "ddi sdng rieng tu, bi m3it ca nhdn, bi mat gia dinh" cftng nhu nhftng gidi hgn cua cac thdng tin nay Chinh vi vgy, hodn thipn h? thdng vdn ban hudng dan phap lugt cy the nhftng vdn de thdng tin ddi sdng rieng tu, bi mat ca nhdn, bi mat gia dinh trong thdi gian tdi la dieu het siic quan
Ddn chCi & Phdp lu^t I
Trang 6(Xiuan&mh '3'ỵ S 6 1 (334) - 2O20
trpng
Thii- hai, khoan 3 Dieu 26 Lugt An ninh mgng
nam 2018 ciia Vict Nam yeu cau cdc cdng ty phdi
luu dft lieu d Viet Nam, nhung GDPR khdng bdt
bupc phai luu du lieu d chau Au, miin sao du lỉu
dugc luu d mot qudc gia dat tieu chudn an toan dft
lieụ Hien tai cd 13 qudc gia nam trong danh sdch
nay, trong do cd Hoa Ky, neu ben nhgn dft lieu dam
bao dugc tieu chuan Privacy Shield^ Cdc cdng ty
cdng nghe ldn ciia Hoa Ky nhu Amazon, Facebook,
Google, Microsoft deu dat chuan Privacy Shield
Phap lugt Chau Au khdng yeu cau cae cdng ty nay
phai luu dft lieu d Chau Au, ma hg c6 the luu d Hoa
Ky hoac d cac nude khac dat chudn Tac gia cho
rang, quy dinh phap luat va van ban hudng dan cua
Viet Nam can cd sy tham van ky ludng de mdt mgt
bao vc tdt nhat quyen lgi cua ngudi diing - cdng đn
Viet Nam, mdt mat khdng lam kho, di ngugc lai
nhftng thdng 16 chung cua qudc tc Tren thyc te, khi
cac cdng ty ldn ve cdng ty bj rai vao tinh huong
"kho xii" hg cung co the cd nhung đng thai khdng
thyc sy tdt, co the lam anh hudng tieu cue nhieu
hon den nude sd taí'
Tha- bạ, GDPR khdng cd bat ky dieu lugt nao
yeu cau cac cdng ty phai cung cap dft lieu ciia
ngudi dan chau An cho Nghi vien chau Au hay
Chinh phu cac nude thanh vien, vi bao ve rieng tu
cua ngudi dan, trudc tien la khdng chuyen dft lipu
cho chinh phu, neu khong co Ipnh ciia Tda an
Trach nhiem ciia chinh phii la giiip ngudi dan bdo
vp du lieu, nhung du lieu van thupc sd hftu ciia
ngudi dan, chii chinh phu khdng cd quyen ty y
qudc hull hda du lieu ciia dan chiing Trong khi
GDPR yeu cau cac cdng ty phai cd trach nhiem bdo
vc dft lieu ciia ngudi dan chau Au va cung cap cdng
cu de ngirdi dan kiem soat dft lieu cua chinh hg
Luat An ninh mgng Viet Nam yeu cau cdc cdng ty phai cung cap dft lieu cho Bd Cdng an, ma khdng
cd sy ki£m soat ciia tda an hay bdt ky thd chd dOc lap naọ Dieu 26 Ludt An ninh mgng nam 2018 quy djnh: Xdc thyc thdng tin khi ngudi diing đng ky tai khodn sd; bao mat thdng tin, tai khoan eiia ngudi dimg; cung cdp thdng tin ngudi diing cho lye lugng chuyen trdch bao v? an ninh mgng thudc Bd Cdng
an khi co yeu cdu bdng van ban de phyc vy diiu tra,
xu ly hanh vi vi phgm phdp ludt ve an ninh mgng Tac gid cho rdng, cdn cd vdn ban hudng dan cy thi quy trinh, thii tyc chat che de co quan tryc thuoc Bp Cdng an dugc quyen can thipp, tiep cgn thdng tin cua cdc cd nhdn dgc biet la tai khoan sd, tai khoan ngudi diing cung nhu thdng tin ngudi diing khac Ben cgnh đ, can cd co che đc lap de kiem soat cdc ndi dung nay, trdnh tinh trgng de that thoat thdng tin, anh hudng den cdng dan va rgng hon la niem tin du ludn, xd hgị
Thu" tw, tren tat cd, vipc moi cd nhan ty y thirc
bao v? thdng tin, bi mat cd nhdn ciia minh trong mdi trudng mang la rdt quan trgng Thyc te cho thay, thdi gian qua, y thuc an toan thdng tin tgi Vỉt Nam van cdn nhieu hgn chệ Nhftng vy viec cac cdng ty Vipt Nam bj cac hacker tan cdng, chiem thdng tin ngudi diing va gay tdn that vd kinh te da khdng cdn qud xa Ig vdi chiing tạ Chinh vi vgy, trong thdi gian tdi, cdng tdc tuyen truyen, nang cao
y thuc bdo vp thdng tin bi mat cua cdng đn can dugc đy mgnh, trang bj kidn thiic va giiip hp chd dpng bao v? thdng tin dJic bipt trong cdc giao dich dien tit hipn naỵ Ddng thdi, cae ca quan chuc nang
cd lien quan cdn chii dpng bao v? tdm xa, tdm trang cung nhu ludn cd nhftng dgng thai phu hgp hudng tdi bdo vp thdng tin bi mat cd nhan trong ky nguyen
cdng nghe sd Q
I Ddn chCi & Phdp lu$t
Trang 7OCuan ^aith ^g 861(334)-2020
/ Xem thim tgi https://privacyinternational.org/explainer/41/101-data-protection?jbcUd=
lwARlUIsICaO\vNhjkEy/VDlg}6uCZE_BItgQvjjlj2GoMq3G0388peRxXW-Y
2 Xem them tgi http://www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/privacy.htmMewguidelines
3 Xem thong lin chinh thdc tgi https://ec.europa.eu/commission/priorities/justice-and-fimdQmental-rights/data-pivtection/20!S-refomj-eu-data-prolection-rules
4 Xem Chapter 3, 4, 5 ciia GDPR tgi https://gdpr-info.eu
5 Xem loan vdn tgi https;//\\nv\\\riigiteataja.ee/en/eli/512112013011/consollde
6 Xem tgi http.s://\nvw.privacyshield.gov/welcome
7 Xem them tgi
https://vietlimes.vn/facebook-lach-luat-gdpr-day-dU'lieu-cua-15-ty-nguoi-dung-ra-khoi-chau-au-I70758.hlml
8 Xem them tgi: https://baomoi.com/y-thuc-an-toan-thong'tin-tai-viet-nam-van-con-rat-han-che/c/28520374.epi
3.S Ket hpp tot giira cite hlnh thOv glim sit,
phtrovg thuv giam sit; givra glim sit vi khao sat
Ho^t d$ng giam sit cua HQND c6 gi^m sH t^i k^
hgp (xem x6t cdc bao do, ch^t vSn, iSy phieu tin
nhi$m ) vi gidm sat giOa hai i<^ hgp thdng qua hoat
dOng gicim sdt cua cdc chu thS cu thi Cdn ci> vdo d$c
diem, nOi dung gidm sat CO giam sat chung vd gidm sdt
chuyen de Can ci> vao each thCrc giam sdt c6 gidm sdt
qua van ban, gidm sdt thdng qua idm viec tn/c tiip cdc
d6i ttfg'ng gidm sdt Bdn canh dd, trong qud trinh gidm
sdt, de CO cdi nhin khach quan, sdu sac, todn di$n thi
chd the gidm sdt cd thi tiln hdnh cdc hoat d$ng khdo
sdt nhdm cd them thdng tin Vigc kit hifp tit giOa cdc
hinh thO'c vd phuong thirc gidm sdt, gil}a gidm sdt vdi
khao sdt giCip cho hoat dgng gidm sdt cOa HDND
vCra bao qudt, vOa chuyen sdu, nang cao hieu li/c vd
hi^u qua hoat dong gidm sd^ NhOng vin d l quan
trgng dugc phdt hign qua hoat dgng gidm sdt gKra hai
ky hgp neu dugc du'a ra thdo iugn, chit vin, cin thilt
thi ra nghi quyit tai ky hgp Idm cho ky hgp sdt vdi t h ^
Uen hon, hoat dgng cua HDND higu qud hon
3.6 Bio t;o, l)6l dirSng, ning cao trinh Sf,
ning lyv cho nO' i^l biiu H^l ting nhSn din
D l tdng cudng hi^u qud hoai <I(n9 9i^m sdt thi cin chu tnjng cdng tdc ddo tao, bli dirdrng cho tCrng dgi biiu HDND Vd'l d$c dllm nO gidi Id thudng bj chi phii vd ddnh nhllu thdi gian hon nam gidi trong vigc chdm sdc gia dinh, con cdi Hon nfra, d^c dllm tdm sinh ly, sdc khde ctla nd gidi, d | tuii Idm vi$c cQng khdc vdi nam gidi VI vdy, d l bdo ddm hi$u qud hoat dOng cua nd gidi Id dai biiu HDND, cin chCi y hon trgng vi^c bdo dim nhdng dllu kifn cin thilt phCi hgfp
vdi nd gidi d l hg cd co h|l hgc t Jp, ndng cao trinh (U)
tuong xdng vdi nam gidi nhim phdt huy tit nhit nhdng thi manh cGa nd gidi trong hoat d|ng cOa minh a
1 Bai vi4t ndy thudc pham vi nghi§n ctiu ciia £)l tii cip 8d "Ning cao chit /ugng vi ht^u qui hoat ddng cOanHdal
bf^u (/dn cd tmng hoat ddng cOacicccf quan din ci^dVi^
Nam'do TS Tiin VSn TOy • Tniing Ban Cdnj lie dai biiu tint chu nhi$m
Ddn chii & Phdp lu$t I