Dosages Savin — “Oil of Savin is much used for the purpose of producing abortion, in doses of 10–15 drops 2 or 3 ×/day, and is probably the most certain article for that purpose known; b
Trang 1Condyloma (1; CRC; FNF); Corn (f; JLH); Dysmenorrhea (f; CRC; HHB); Dysuria (f; CRC); Felon
(f; JLH); Fibroid (f; JLH); Freckle (f; CEB); Gonorrhea (f; CRC; HHB); Gout (f; CRC; HHB; PH2);
Headache (f; CEB); Hepatosis (f; JLH); Induration (f; JLH); Infection (f; CEB); Inflammation (f;
PH2); Leukorrhea (f; CRC); Metrorrhagia (f; PH2); Metrosis (f; JLH); Miscarriage (f; CEB);
Neuralgia (f; CRC); Paralysis (f; CRC); Pediculosis (f; CRC); Periosteosis (f; CRC); Polyp (f; CRC;
JLH); Rheumatism (f; CRC; HHB); Rhinosis (f; JLH); Sclerosis (f; JLH); Sore (f; CEB; JLH);
Splenosis (f; JLH); Strangury (f; CRC); Swelling (f; JLH); Tumor (f; JLH); Ulcer (f; JLH); VD (1;
CRC; FNF); Urogenitosis (f; PH2); Uterosis (f; JLH); Virus (1; PHR; PH2); Wart (1; CRC; JLH;
PH2); Water Retention (1; CEB; CRC; HHB; PH2); Worm (f; CEB; CRC); Wound (f; CEB)
Dosages (Savin) — “Oil of Savin is much used for the purpose of producing abortion, in doses
of 10–15 drops 2 or 3 ×/day, and is probably the most certain article for that purpose known; but
if continued long is apt to occasion inflammation of the stomach and bowels.” (CEB) Maximum
1 g externally (PH2)
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Savin) — Not covered (AHP) Oil irritant, in
large doses a powerful poison; six drachms will kill a dog if retained in the stomach Believed by
the vulgar to possess the power of inducing miscarriage, and is sometimes taken by them for
perpetrating this crime, bringing life into extreme danger (CEB) Even external application is
dangerous, causing blisters, irritation, necrosis, and dermal poisoning (PH2) Attempts at abortion
are often fatal, with arrhythmia, cramping, hematuria, kidney problems, paralysis, queasiness, and
unconsciousness (PH2)
SAVORY (Satureja sp.) +++
The PH2 entries are for Satureja hortensis L.
Activities (Savory) — Analgesic (f; HH3); Anaphrodisiac (f; APA); Antialzheimeran (1; COX; FNF);
Antiarthritic (1; COX; FNF); Antibacterial (1; APA; CRC; HH3); Anticancer (1; COX; FNF);
Antid-iuretic (f; CRC); Antiherpetic (1; HH3); Antiinflammatory (1; APA; COX; FNF); Antioxidant (1; CRC;
FNF; HH3); Antiseptic (1; HH3; PHR; PH2; PNC); Antispasmodic (1; APA; HH3; PNC); Antiviral
(1; HH3; PH2); Aphrodisiac (f; APA); Astringent (1; APA; CRC; PHR; PH2); Carminative (f; CRC;
PNC); COX-2 Inhibitor (1; COX; FNF); Decongestant (1; APA); Diaphoretic (f; CRC); Digestive (f;
CRC); Diuretic (1; APA); Expectorant (1; APA; PNC); Fungicide (f; APA); Laxative (f; CRC); Sedative
(1; CRC; HH3); Stimulant (f; CRC); Stomachic (f; CRC); Tonic (f; APA; LAF); Vermifuge (f; CRC)
Indications (Savory) — Alzheimer’s (1; COX; FNF); Anorexia (f; APA); Arthrosis (1; COX; FNF);
Bacteria (1; APA; CRC; HH3); Bite (f; LAF); Cancer (1; COX; FNF); Cancer, mouth (1; COX; JLH);
Cancer, throat (1; COX; JLH); Catarrh (f; CRC); Cholecystosis (f; HH3); Cold (1; APA; HH3); Colic
(f; CRC); Congestion (1; APA); Constipation (f; CRC); Cough (1; APA); Cramp (1; APA; CRC; HH3;
PNC); Diarrhea (1; APA; HH3); Dysmenorrhea (f; HH3); Dyspepsia (1; APA); Enterosis (1; APA;
PHR); Fever (f; CRC); Frigidity (f; CRC); Fungus (f; APA); Gas (1; APA; CRC; HH3; PNC); Gastrosis
(1; APA; PHR); Hepatosis (f; HH3); Herpes (1; HH3); Infection (1; APA; HH3; PNC); Inflammation
(1; APA; COX; FNF); Insomnia (1; CRC; HH3); Mucososis (f; HH3); Mycosis (f; APA); Nausea (f;
LAF); Nephrosis (f; HH3); Nervousness (1; CRC; HH3); Otosis (f; CRC); Pain (f; HH3); Salmonella
(1; HH3); Sclerosis (f; CRC; JLH); Staphylococcus (1; HH3); Streptococcus (f; HH3); Throat (1;
APA); Virus (1; HH3; PH2); Water Retention (1; APA); Worm (f; CRC; HH3)
Dosages (Savory) — 1.5 g in tea (HH3); 3 tsp dry herb/day (PHR); (1–2 pediatric)-4 tsp herb/cup
water 1–3 ×/day (APA); 0.5–1 tsp tincture 1–3 ×/day (APA)
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Savory) — Class 1 (AHP) Applied undiluted
to backs of hairless mice, summer savory oil was lethal to half the animals in 48 hours (LAF)
LD50 = 1370 orl rat (HH3) An important source of the COX-2 inhibitor, ursolic acid (COX)
Trang 2SAW PALMETTO (Serenoa repens (W Bartram) Small) +++
Synonyms: Chamaerops serrulata Michx., Corypha repens W Bartram, Sabal dealbata hort ex
L H Bailey, Sabal serrulata (Michx.) Nutt ex Schult & Schult f., Serenoa serrulata (Michx.)
G Nicholson
For Native American ethnobotany, see EB52:381 Moerman reported no Native American uses Eclectics (FEL) used it for many of its modern usages, more than 100 years ago
Activities (Saw Palmetto) — Alpha-Reductase Inhibitor (2; MAB; PH2; SHT); Anabolic (1; BGB;
CAN); Antiallergic (1; APA); Antiandrogenic (2; APA; BGB; CAN; MAB; KOM; PHR; PH2); Anticancer (1; CRC; FNF; EB52:381); Anticatarrhal (f; EB52:381); Anticholinergic (1; PH2); Antiedemic (1; MAB; SHT); Antiestrogenic (1; PH2); Antiexudative (1; BGB; KOM; PHR; PH2); Antihistaminic (1; CRC; FNF; PED); Antiinflammatory (2; CRC; HHB; MAB; PH2; SHT); Anti-oxidant (f; SHT); Antiseptic (f; EB52:381); Antispasmodic (1; MAB; PH2); Aperitif (f; EB52:381); Aphrodisiac (1; APA; MAB; PED; EB52:381); Aromatase Inhibitor (1; BGB); Bitter (PED); Cancer (f; JLH); Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor (1; PH2); Decongestant (f; MAD; EB52:381); Digestive (f; EB52:381); Diuretic (f; APA; BGB; PNC); Expectorant (f; FAD; MAD); Estrogenic (1; APA; CAN; PH2); Immunostimulant (1; APA; CAN; CRC); 3-Ketosteroid-Reductase Inhibitor (1; PH2); 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitor (1; PH2); Mastogenic (1; APA; CRC; HAD; EB52:381); Narcotic (f; EB52:381); Nervine (f; EB52:381); Secretolytic (f; EB52:381); Sedative (f; CRC; FAD; EB52:381); Stimulant (f; CRC); Testicular Atrophy (f; CAN); Tonic (f; CRC); Urinary Antiseptic (1; CAN); Uterotonic (f; FAD); Vasoconstrictor (f; EB52:381)
Indications (Saw Palmetto) — Adenopathy (f; CRC); Allergy (1; APA); Alopecia (2; JAD;
MAB); Anorexia (f; EB52:381); Asthma (f; CRC; FAD; FEL); Bite (f; CRC); BPH (3; FAD; PHR; SKY); Bronchosis (f; FAD; MAD; EB52:381); Cachexia (f; CRC); Cancer (1; CRC; FNF; EB52:381); Catarrh (f; BGB; CAN; FEL); Cholecystosis (2; PHR; PH2); Cold (f; FAD); Congestion (f; MAD; EB52:381); Cough (f; FAD; PH2); Cramp (1; MAB; PH2); Cystosis (1; APA; CAN; MAB; MAD; PH2); Debility (f; PNC); Diarrhea (f; EB52:381); Dysentery (f; BGB; CRC); Dyspepsia (f; CRC); Dysuria (1; MAD; SHT; EB52:381); Eczema (f; PH2); Edema (1; CRC; FNF; HH2; MAB; SHT); Enuresis (f; PH2); Epididymosis (f; CRC; EB52:381); Frigidity
Trang 3(f; APA; FEL); Gastrosis (f; BGB); Gonorrhea (f; FEL; MAD); Head Cold (f; CRC; FAD);
Immunodepression (1; APA; CAN; CRC); Impotence (f; APA; EB52:381); Infertility (f;
EB52:381); Inflammation (2; APA; CRC; FAD; HHB; MAB; PH2; SHT); Insomnia (f; CRC;
FAD; EB52:381); Laryngosis (f; FEL); Leukorrhea (f; MAD); Mastosis (f; PH2); Micromastia
(1; CRC; HAD; JAD; EB52:381); Migraine (f; FAD); Mucososis (f; CRC; FAD; EB52:381);
Nephrosis (f; EB52:381); Nervousness (f; CRC; FAD; EB52:381); Orchosis (f; CAN; MAB;
PH2); Pain (f; FEL; MAD); Pertussis (f; FEL); Phthisis (f; FEL; MAD); Polyuria (f; SHT);
Prostatosis (2; APA; FAD; PHR; SHT); Pulmonosis (f; FEL); Respirosis (f; CRC); Snakebite (f;
CRC); Sore Throat (f; CRC); Sterility (f; APA); Stomachache (f; BGB; CRC); Swelling (1; HH2;
MAB; SHT); Tenesmus (f; FEL); Testicular Atrophy (f; BGB); Tuberculosis (f; FEL); Tumor (f;
CRC; JLH); Ovariosis (f; FEL); Urethrosis (2; CAN); Uterosis (f; MAB); UTI (1; PH2); Vaginosis
(f; FAD); VD (f; FEL); Water Retention (f; APA; BGB; PNC)
Dosages (Saw Palmetto) — 2–3 tsp fresh fruit (PED); 0.5–1 (2) g powdered dry fruit (PNC; SKY);
1–1.5 g dry fruit (PED); 1–2 g dry fruit (APA; PH2); 0.5–2.0 g dry fruit, or in tea, 3 ×/day (CAN;
SKY); 1.5 g dry fruit:8 ml alcohol/7 ml water (PED); 1–60 drops fluid fruit extract (FEL); 0.6–1.5
ml liquid BPC fruit extract (CAN; PNC); 2–4 ml/day liquid fruit extract (1:2) (45–90%) (MAB);
5–6 ml liquid whole herb extract (SKY); 320 mg/day lipophilic extract (PH2); 160 mg liposterolic
extract 2 ×/day (ca = 2–4 g/day dry fruit) (MAB); 320 mg alcohol or hexane extract StX at 90%
fatty acids/sterols (APA); 1 (320 mg) capsule (StX with 160 mg certified potency fruit extract with
at least 85–95% fatty acids and biologically active sterols in a base of pumpkin seed oil) 2 ×/day
(NH); 1 (320 mg) soft gel StX/day; 2–3 (600 mg) capsules 3 ×/day (JAD; NH)
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Saw Palmetto) — Class 1 (AHP) “Hazards
and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) Commission E reports no
contraindications or interactions for the fruit Adverse effects: gastric complaints (rarely) As
improvement is symptomatic without eliminating prostatic hypertrophy, a physician should be
consulted regularly (AEH) May interact with the contraceptive pill, other hormonal therapies,
and HRT “Use during pregnancy and lactation should be avoided” (CAN) 34 of 435 patients
completing a 3-year study reported 46 adverse effects, and a dropout rate of 1.8% due to adverse
effects “There are no known contraindications to saw palmetto preparations” (SHT) May
interfere with PSA readings after 6 months’ treatment (JAD) If prevention of the conversion of
testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is responsible for impotence as a side effect of
finasteride, then this could be a concern with equivalent doses of saw palmetto
Extracts (Saw Palmetto) — Alcoholic extract is estrogenic, probably due to the known estrogenic
compound, beta-sitosterol Hexane extracts competitively inhibits the binding of DHT to cytosolic
and nuclear androgen receptor sites It also inhibits 5-alpha-reductase converting testosterone to
DHT and 3-ketosteroid-reductase from converting testosterone to an androgen derivative It also
inhibits edema by inhibiting histamine-induced increase in capillary permeability Even small doses
of aqueous extracts inhibited edema Antiinflammatory activity accrues to a high molecular weight
polysaccharide An immunostimulating polysaccharide is rich in glucuronic acid (CAN) LD50
StX = >10,000 mg/kg orl gpg mus & rat (MAB)
SCARLET ELDER
(Sambucus racemosa L subsp pubens (Michx.) House) +
Synonyms: S pubens Michx., S pubens f xanthocarpa (Cockerell) Fernald, S pubescens Pers.,
S racemosa f xanthocarpa Cockerell.
Activities (Scarlet Elder) — Diaphoretic (f; HHB); Diuretic (1; HHB); Emetic (f; HHB); Laxative
(f; HHB); Poison (1; HHB)
Trang 4Indications (Scarlet Elder) — Abscess (f; DEM); Alactea (f; DEM); Arthrosis (f; DEM); Boil (f;
DEM); Bruise (f; DEM); Childbirth (f; DEM); Cold (f; DEM; HHB); Constipation (f; DEM; HHB); Cough (f; DEM); Cramp (f; HHB); Cystosis (f; HHB); Dermatosis (f; DEM); Diarrhea (f; DEM); Dysentery (f; DEM); Dyspnea (f; DEM); Erysipelas (f; DEM); Fever (f; HHB); Foot Ache (f; DEM); Gastrosis (f; DEM); Infection (f; DEM); Leg Ache (f; DEM); Myalgia (f; DEM); Nephrosis (f; DEM); Neurosis (f; DEM); Pain (f; DEM); Rheumatism (f; DEM); Sore (f; DEM); Stomachache (f; DEM); Swelling (f; DEM); Toothache (f; DEM); Tuberculosis (f; DEM); Water Retention (1; HHB); Wound (f; DEM)
Dosages (Scarlet Elder) — Dosage not seen Probably comparable to other species, except fruit
often considered poisonous
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Scarlet Elder) — Not covered (AHP; KOM;
PH2) Probably has same symptoms as reported from overdoses of S ebulus Symptoms with S ebulus include bloody diarrhea, coma, cyanosis, dizziness, headache, hematochezia, mydriasis,
nausea, oral pain, and vomiting (HHB; MAD; PH2)
SCARLET PIMPERNEL (Anagallis arvensis L.) +
Activities (Scarlet Pimpernel) — Antidote, fish (f; PH2); Antiseptic (1; PH2); Antiviral (1; PH2);
Diaphoretic (f; GMH; WO2); Diuretic (f; GMH; PH2); Estrogenic (1; PH2); Expectorant (f; WO2); Fungicide (1; PH2; X10680445); Hemolytic (1; PH2); Herbicide (1; WO3); Hirudifuge (1; WO2); Hypotensive (1; WO2); Laxative (1; PH2); Narcotic (f; PH2); Nematicide (1; WO2); Oxytocic (1; PH2); Piscicide (1; WO2); Spermicide (1; PH2); Taenicide (1; PH2); Uterocontractant (1; PH2); Vulnerary (f; WO2)
Indications (Scarlet Pimpernel) — Arthrosis (f; PH2); Bleeding (1; PH2); Bite (f; GMH; PH2);
Cancer (f; PH2); Cerebrosis (f; WO2); Constipation (1; PH2); Depression (f; GMH; PH2); Dermatosis (f; PH2); Diphtheria (1; WO3); Dropsy (f; PH2; WO2); Dysmenorrhea (f; PH2); Edema (f; PH2); Epilepsy (f; GMH); Fever (f; GMH; WO2); Fungus (1; PH2; X10680445); Gonorrhea (f; DEM); Gout (f; WO2); Hemorrhoid (f; PH2); Herpes (1; PH2; X2825589); Hepatosis (f; PH2); High Blood Pressure (1; WO2); Infection (1; PH2; X10680445); Itch (f; PH2); Keratosis (1; WO3); Leprosy (f; WO2); Mania (f; GMH; WO2); Mucososis (f; PH2); Mycosis (1; PH2; X10680445); Nephrosis (f; PH2); Ophthalmia (1; GMH; WO3); Pain (f; PH2); Polio (1; PH2; X2825589); Rabies (f; WO2); Rheumatism (f; GMH); Splenosis (f; GMH); Sting (f; GMH); Swelling (f; PH2); Tapeworm (1; PH2); Tuberculosis (f; GMH); UTI (f; PH2); VD (f; DEM); Virus (1; PH2; X2825589); Wart (f; PH2); Water Retention (f; GMH; PH2); Worm (1; PH2; WO2)
Dosages (Scarlet Pimpernel) — 20 grains flower 4 ×/day for epilepsy (GMH); 15–60 grains powdered leaf (GMH); 1.8 g powdered herb 4 ×/day (HH2; PH2); for dropsy, hepatosis, and nephrosis, steep 1 tsp powdered herb/glass water 10 minutes and sip throughout the day (HH2; PH2)
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Scarlet Pimpernel) — Not covered (AHP).
“Hazards and/or side effects not known for proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) Cucurbitacins could eventually generate GI problems or nephrosis (PH2) The aromatic oil, if taken internally, can cause
headache and nausea (WO2) Of 22 plant extracts tested against Microsporium canis, pimpernel
was most potent (IC90, 100–15 µg/ml) (X10680445)
SCARLET POPPY (Papaver bracteatum Lindl.) +
Activities (Scarlet Poppy) — Analgesic (1; CRC); Antinarcotic (1; CRC); Antitussive (f; CRC);
Aphrodisiac (1; CRC); Sedative (f; CRC); Tranquilizer (f; CRC)
Trang 5Indications (Scarlet Poppy) — Addiction (1; CRC); Insomnia (f; CRC); Nervousness (f; CRC);
Pain (1; CRC); Schizophrenia (1; CRC); Withdrawal (1; CRC)
SCOPOLIA (Scopolia carniolica Jacq.) XXX
Activities (Scopolia) — Anticholinergic (2; KOM; PHR; PH2); Antispasmodic (1; KOM; PH2);
Bitter (f; PH2); Cerebrosedative (f; EFS); Diuretic (f; EFS); Intoxicant (f; CRC); Mydriatic (1;
EFS; FNF); Myorelaxant (2; KOM; PH2); Narcotic (f; CRC; PH2); Parasympatholytic (2; KOM;
PHR; PH2); Positive Chronotropic (2; KOM); Positive Dromotropic (2; KOM); Sedative (1; CRC;
EFS); Toxic (f; EFS)
Indications (Scopolia) — Addiction (f; CRC); Cholecystosis (2; PHR; PH2); Colic (f; CRC; PH2);
Cramp (1; KOM; PH2); Cramp, bile duct (2; KOM; PH2); Cramp, GI (2; KOM; PH2); Cramp,
urinary tract (2; KOM; PH2); Enterosis (1; PHR; PH2); Epilepsy (f; CRC); Gastrosis (1; PHR;
PH2); Gout (f; CRC); Hepatosis (2; PHR; PH2); Hysteria (f; CRC); Insomnia (1; CRC; EFS);
Myosis (1; PHR); Nervousness (1; CRC; EFS); Nymphomania (f; CRC); Pain (1; PH2); Paralysis
(f; CRC); Rheumatism (f; CRC); Tremor (1; PHR; PH2); Urethrosis (2; KOM); Water Retention
(f; EFS)
Dosages (Scopolia) — 6–120 mg root (HHB); equivalent to 0.25 (average) 3 (maximum) mg total
alkaloids, calculated as hyoscyamine/day (KOM)
Contraindications, Interactions, and Side Effects (Scopolia) — Class 3 (AHP) “Health hazards
not known with proper therapeutic dosages” (PH2) Commission E reports contraindications,
adverse effects, and interactions of belladonna alkaloids (AEH) Contraindications: megacolon,
narrow-angle glaucoma, prostate adenoma with residual urine, stenosis of the GI tract, and
tachy-cardia (KOM); interactions: may increase activity of amantadine, quinidine, and tricyclic
antide-pressants (KOM); side effects: arrhythmia, difficult urination, disturbance of ocular accommodation,
dry mouth, hyperthermia, mydriasis, obstipation, reduced perspiration, and tachycardia (KOM;
PHR; PH2) High doses can cause compulsive speech, delirium, excitation, hallucinations, manic
episodes, followed by exhaustion and sleep “Lethal dosages include the danger of asphyxiation
(for adults starting at 100 mg atropine, depending upon alkaloid content, between 20 to 50 gm of
the drug, considerably less for children)” (PHR)
SCOTCH BROOM (Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link) XXX
Synonyms: C scoparius var andreanus (Puiss.) Dippel, C scoparius var prostratus (C Bailey)
F Hanb ex A K Jacks., C scoparius var sulphureus Goldring, Genista andreana Puiss.,
Saroth-amnus scoparius (L.) Wimm ex W D J Koch, S scoparius var prostratus C Bailey, Spartium
scoparium L.
Activities (Scotch Broom) — Abortifacient (1; PH2); Anaesthetic (1; MAD); Antiarrhythmic (1;
APA); Antihemorrhagic (f; CAN); Anuria (f; MAD); Bradycardic (1; CAN; MAB);
Cardiodepres-sant (1; CAN; CRC); Cardiotonic (1; APA; CRC; MAD); Depurative (f; HHB; PHR; PH2); Diuretic
(1; APA; CAN; CRC; MAD); Emetic (f; CAN; MAD); Euphoric (1; APA); Hypertensive (1; APA;
CAN; KOM; MAD; PH2); Hypotensive (1; PH2); Laxative (f; CAN; CRC; MAD); Negative
Chronotropic (1; KOM; PH2); Negative Inotropic (1; KOM; PH2); Oxytocic (1; CAN); Poison (f;
CRC); Sympathomimetic (1; KOM; PH2); Tachycardic (1; CAN); Tonic (f; APA); Uterotonic (1;
APA; CAN; CRC); Vasoconstrictor (peripheral) (1; CAN; CRC; KOM; PH2)
Indications (Scotch Broom) — Abscess (f; APA; CRC); Ague (f; CRC); Albuminuria (f; HHB);
Anasarca (f; MAD); Angina (f; MAD); Arrhythmia (1; APA; CAN; PH2); Arthrosis (f; MAD);
Ascites (f; MAD); Bite (f; PH2); Bleeding (f; CAN); Bright’s Disease (f; MAD); Bronchosis (f;