Knowledge 117Montaigne’s Scepticism 117 Descartes’ Response 119 Cartesian Consciousness 121 The Empiricism of Hobbes 127 Locke’s Ideas 131 Spinoza on Degrees of Knowledge 137 The Epistem
Trang 14 Knowledge 117
Montaigne’s Scepticism 117
Descartes’ Response 119
Cartesian Consciousness 121
The Empiricism of Hobbes 127
Locke’s Ideas 131
Spinoza on Degrees of Knowledge 137
The Epistemology of Leibniz 142
Berkeley on Qualities and Ideas 146
Hume on Ideas and Impressions 151
Kant’s Synthetic a priori 156
Realism vs Idealism 160
Idealist Epistemology 163
5 Physics 165
Natural Philosophy 165
Cartesian Physics 169
The Atomism of Gassendi 172
Newton 173
The Labyrinth of the Continuum 174
Kant’s Antinomies 177
6 Metaphysics 181
The Metaphysics of Suarez 181
Descartes on Eternal Truths 184
Three Notions of Substance 187
Single Necessary Substance 190
Making Room for Contingency 193
Berkeley’s Idealism 199
Hume on Causation 204
The Response of Kant 207
7 Mind and Soul 212
Descartes on Mind 212
Dualism and its Discontents 216
Determinism, Freedom, and Compatibilism 219 Locke on Personal Identity 223
The Soul as the Idea of the Body in Spinoza 227
C O N T E N T S
viii