August 2016 5Service Categories The METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network comprises three categories of fixed-route bus service: frequent service, including RapidRide bus rapid transit se
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METRO CONNECTS Supplemental Network
Performance Report
Table of Contents
Overview of the 2040 Service Network 1
Service Categories 5
Proximity to Transit 10
Transit Connections 35
Transit Use and Efficiency 54
Integration with Light Rail 62
Customer Experience 63
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Overview of the 2040 Service Network
The 2040 service network included in METRO CONNECTS has been designed to serve the future jobs and housing
needs of King County The region is expected to grow by approximately 1 million people and 850,000 jobs in the next
25 years The 2040 Regional Transportation Plan, prepared by Puget Sound Regional Council (PSRC) and known as Transportation 2040 (T2040), identifies expansion of transit service as a significant and essential component in
meeting the future transportation demands resulting from this growth All of the transit agencies in the central Puget Sound region, including King County Metro (Metro), are expected to increase their services to accommodate a
doubling of transit ridership The METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network envisions achieving this ridership increase
by adding 70 percent more service hours than are currently provided Significant elements of the service network
include a strong emphasis on frequent and express services, as well as extensive integration with the Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Authority (Sound Transit) Link light rail service Because the future service network will be
developed and implemented over time, a 2025 service network was also developed to illustrate the proposed first step towards implementation of the 2040 vision The 2015, METRO CONNECTS 2025, and METRO CONNECTS 2040 service networks are shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, respectively
The service network was designed with several factors in mind They include:
Providing high levels of mobility for residents throughout the county
Maintaining consistency with local comprehensive plans
Leveraging the regional investment in light rail to expand options for transit travel
Connecting markets with high transit ridership demand
Allowing riders to access high numbers of jobs, education centers, and people
Integrating service with Sound Transit, Community Transit, Pierce Transit, King County Water Taxi, and
Washington State Ferries
Connecting to nonmotorized trails
Providing a high-quality customer experience
Minimizing transfers with significant wait times
Ensuring financial resources are used efficiently
Minimizing duplication of service with other providers
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Figure 1 2015 Service Network
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Figure 2 METRO CONNECTS 2025 Service Network
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Figure 3 METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Service Categories
The METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network comprises three categories of fixed-route bus service: frequent service, including RapidRide bus rapid transit service (BRT); express service; and local service Different levels of bus service are proposed throughout King County in varying concentrations based upon a combination of future land uses and densities, identified community needs, and future available infrastructure The distribution of fixed-route transit
service by total hours in the 2015, METRO CONNECTS 2025, and METRO CONNECTS 2040 service networks is shown
in Figure 4
Figure 4 Distribution of Transit Service Hours
The following maps show the service categories included in the METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network The
frequent transit service included in the METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network is shown on Figure 5 Figure 6 shows the location of existing and envisioned RapidRide lines Figure 7 shows the express transit service included in the envisioned service network Local service, which includes alternative transportation services, is shown Figure 8
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Figure 5 Frequent Transit Service in the METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 6 Existing and METRO CONNECTS Envisioned RapidRide Lines
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Figure 7 Express Transit Service in the METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 8 Local Transit Service in the METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
Trang 12to households and jobs Because the future distribution of different demographic populations is unknown, the 2013 American Community Survey Data were used to evaluate proximity to low-income populations, minority populations, persons age 65 and older, and persons with disabilities
Table 1 Operational Characteristics of Fixed-Route Service Categories
Average headway (minutes) Operation inputs daily Service Category Peak Off-Peak Night Speed Service Hours Average Stop Spacing
The current service network includes little frequent service that operates as envisioned in METRO CONNECTS Outside
of RapidRide, only a few routes have midday frequencies greater than 15 minutes Additionally, there are few routes that operate on roadways with the type of speed and reliability investments envisioned in 2025 and 2040 These improvements, such as bus lanes, transit signal priority, queue jumps, or right-of-way widening in key locations, would help to keep buses moving quickly through traffic and reach their stops and destinations more reliably Off-board fare collection and low-floor buses would further reduce overall travel times by reducing the amount of time buses spend at stops The combined service and capital investments envisioned for the future would result in an improved quality of frequent service, including operational speeds and span of service as outlined in Table 1
Additional passenger amenities, such as real time bus arrival signs, would help to inform riders about travel options and improve customer experience
Similarly, the existing transit network includes few express service as anticipated as part of the 2040 Service
Network Therefore, for the proximity analysis for the 2015 network in this Supplemental Network Performance Report proximity to frequent service is described as ½ mile from RapidRide Transit Stops and Link Stations and proximity to express service is described as ½ mile from ST Express Transit Stops and Link Stations
The proximity analysis was performed in three ways:
Proximity to frequent service: The number of people or jobs ½ mile from transit stops with service every 15 minutes or better, including all Link stations
Proximity to express service: The number of people or jobs ½ mile from transit stops with limited stop service, including all Link light rail stations
Proximity to all service: The number of people or jobs ½ mile from transit stops with service every 15 minutes
or better, including Link light rail stations, or ½ mile from transit stops with limited stop service or ¼ mile from any transit stop, including all Link stations
Figures 10 through 15 show the proximity to service for the 2015, METRO CONNECTS 2025, and METRO CONNECTS
2040 service networks for future households and jobs Additionally, Figures 16 through 27 show the proximity to service for low-income populations, minority populations, persons age 65 and older, and persons with disabilities for the 2015, METRO CONNECTS 2025, and METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network Figures 28 through 30
summarize this information by quadrant and countywide
In addition to the proximity analysis, the mode by which riders travel to transit stops was evaluated as part of the Access to Transit metrics This analysis measured whether riders accessed transit by automobile or via nonmotorized
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means (walk or bicycle) Table 2 summarizes this information and Figure 31 shows the degree to which access to
transit would be projected to change by 2040 over 2015 patterns
Table 2 Peak Period Nonmotorized Access to Transit: 2015 and METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
2015 service network METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network
Key findings of Access to Transit analysis:
Proximity to all service for households, jobs, and each demographic population grows in each quadrant and countywide in the METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network
The number of riders that would access service in the METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network during the peak
period by walking and biking would increase from the 2015 service network Access to service via walking and biking
in the 2040 service network would increase by 6 to 15 percent, with the southwest and southeast areas seeing the largest increase
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Performance measures were also calculated for the quadrants shown in Figure 9
Figure 9 King County Quadrants
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Figure 10 Population Proximity to Service: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 11 Employment Proximity to Service: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 12 Population Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2025 Service Network
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Figure 13 Employment Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2025 Service Network
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Figure 14 Population Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 15 Employment Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 16 Population below Poverty Level Proximity to Service: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 17 Minority Population Proximity to Service: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 18 Population above the Age of 65 Proximity to Service: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 19 Persons with Disabilities Proximity to Service: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 20 Population below Poverty Level Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2025 Service Network
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Figure 21 Minority Population Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2025 Service Network
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Figure 22 Population above the Age of 65 Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2025 Service Network
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Figure 23 Persons with Disabilities Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2025 Service Network
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Figure 24 Population below Poverty Level Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 25 Minority Population Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 26 Population above the Age of 65 Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 27 Persons with Disabilities Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 28 Proximity to Service: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 29 Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2025 Service Network
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Figure 30 Proximity to Service: METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Figure 31 Change in Walk Access Share from 2015 Peak Period: METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Network
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Transit Connections
The Transit Connections metric was used to evaluate the ability for riders to access jobs, education, and number of people via transit The purpose of this analysis was to demonstrate how well the service network connects people to the opportunities around them For a more complete analysis, Metro analyzed both the average number of jobs and the average number of residents that an individual could reach within 30 minutes on transit This was done at traffic analysis zone level (TAZs) to better understand where residents could reach employment centers, and which
employment centers were well connected to the residents of King County Metro also summarized this by quadrants and countywide Tables 3 and 4 show the result of these analyses for the 2015, METRO CONNECTS 2025 and METRO CONNECTS 2040 service networks
Table 3 Average Jobs Accessible in 30 minutes via 2015, METRO CONNECTS 2025 and METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Networks
2015 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2025 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2040 service network 2015 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2025 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2040 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2025 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2040 service network 2015 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2025 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2040 service network
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Table 5 Average Jobs Accessible in 30 minutes from Regional Growth Centers (RGC) and Manufacturing/Industrial
Centers (MIC) via the 2015 and METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Networks
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Table 6 Average Population Accessible in 30 minutes from Regional Growth Centers (RGC) and
Manufacturing/Industrial Centers (MIC) via the 2015 and METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Networks
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Table 7 Average Population Accessible in 30 minutes during the Peak Period from Colleges or Universities via the
2015 and METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Networks
2015 service network METRO CONNECTS 2040 service network
Bellevue College-North Campus 45,000 40,000 76,000 60,000
Cornish College of the Arts 172,000 140,000 432,000 429,000
Green River College Enumclaw Campus 8,000 8,000 9,000 9,000 Green River College Kent Campus 41,000 30,000 72,000 63,000
Lake Washington Tech College-Duvall 9,000 9,000 11,000 11,000
South Seattle College Georgetown
University of Washington-Bothell 19,000 13,000 57,000 53,000
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Figure 32 Jobs Accessible within 30 Minutes – Peak Period: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 33 Jobs Accessible within 30 Minutes – Peak Period: METRO CONNECTS2025 Service Network
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Figure 34 Jobs Accessible within 30 Minutes – Peak Period: METRO CONNECTS2040 Service Network
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Figure 35 Population Accessible within 30 Minutes – Peak Period: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 36 Population Accessible within 30 Minutes – Peak Period: METRO CONNECTS2025 Service Network
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Figure 37 Population Accessible within 30 Minutes – Peak Period: METRO CONNECTS2040 Service Network
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Figure 38 Jobs Accessible within 30 Minutes – Midday Period: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 39 Jobs Accessible within 30 Minutes – Midday Period: METRO CONNECTS2025 Service Network
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Figure 40 Jobs Accessible within 30 Minutes – Midday Period: METRO CONNECTS2040 Service Network
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Figure 41 Population Accessible within 30 Minutes – Midday Period: 2015 Service Network
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Figure 42 Population Accessible within 30 Minutes – Midday Period: METRO CONNECTS2025 Service Network
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Figure 43 Population Accessible within 30 Minutes – Midday Period: METRO CONNECTS2040 Service Network
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A similar accessibility analysis was performed to determine the percentage of the population with at least 30,000
jobs or people accessible within a 30-minute transit trip1, the results of which are shown in Tables 8 and 9 This
analysis was performed for each quadrant as well as countywide for the 2015, METRO CONNECTS 2025 and METRO
CONNECTS 2040 service networks The Transit Connections calculations included estimated travel time to reach the
transit stop, initial wait time, and transfer wait time (if applicable) averaged over the peak and midday periods
Table 8 Percent of Population with at least 30,000 jobs accessible within 30 minutes via the 2015, METRO
CONNECTS 2025, and METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Networks
2015 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2025 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2040 service network 2015 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2025 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2040 service network
Table 9 Percent of Population with at least 30,000 people within 30 minutes via the 2015, METRO CONNECTS
2025, and METRO CONNECTS 2040 Service Networks
2015 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2025 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2040 service network 2015 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2025 service network
METRO CONNECTS
2040 service network
To identify areas where future population densities were high but estimated job accessibility was low, a geospatial
analysis evaluated the ratios between the two factors The ratio of jobs accessible in 30 minutes to the population
density was mapped by evaluating TAZs with a population density threshold of 7,500 people per square mile (the
estimated threshold for transit-supportive density) Figure 44 shows the results of this analysis
1 30,000 was used as a threshold because it represented an upper bound of the average job accessibility within the Seattle area