Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM THUC NGHIEM MOT SO BIEN PHAP KHAC PHUC TINH TRANG BIENG AN TAM LI CUA TRE TU I FEN 3 TUOI TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH HUYNH VAN SON TOM TAT Bdi viCi dS cap h
Trang 1Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM
THUC NGHIEM MOT SO BIEN PHAP
KHAC PHUC TINH TRANG BIENG AN TAM LI
CUA TRE TU I F)EN 3 TUOI TAI THANH PHO HO CHI MINH
HUYNH VAN SON TOM TAT
Bdi viCi dS cap hieu qud viec khdc phuc tinh trang bieng an tdm li cua Ire tir 1 din 3 tudi thdng qua cdc bien phdp tdc dqng trong mo hinh thuc nghiem Can cu ddnh gid hieu qud thuc nghiem tap trung vao loai biing an tdm li ca hdn dugc xdc lap a tre, viec ddnh gid hieu qud ciia cdc bien phdp tdc dpng se tap trung vao cong cu ddnh gid chu yeu trong nghien cicu cu thi Id su thay ddi hanh vi ldm li khi an ciia tre Ket qud cho thay tinh trang biing an cua tre trong nhom thuc nghiem da giam di khd ro sau thuc nghiem
Til khoa: bilng an tam li, tre lir 1 din 3 tuoi, khSc phuc, khac phuc tinh trang bieng
an tam li
ABSTRACT
Experimenting measures to remedy psychological anorexia of children aging
from 1 to 3 in Ho Chi Minh City
The article discusses the effectiveness of the remedy for psychological anorexia of children aging from 1 to 3 through affective measures in experimental models Based on the evaluation of experiments focussing on basic psychological anorexia of children, the evaluation of affective measures will focus on impact assessment tools The results show that psychological anorexia in the experimental group has decreased considerably after the experiment
Keywords: psychological anorexia, children aging from 1 to 3 overcome, overcome
psychological anorexia
1 Dat van de
De dap img nhu cau phat trien ve
the chat, tre phai dugc cung cap day dii
ve dinh dudng Liic mdi sinh ra, neu sire
khoe cua phu huynh va Ire binh thudng
thi sti'a me la ngudn thiic an ehinh va duy
nhat CLia tre Thong thudng, khi duge gSn
mpt tuoi, nguon eung cap dinh dudng cho
tre ehuyen dan lir stra me sang cac ngudn
cung cap tCr ben ngoai nhu stra va cae loai
thiic an - thirc udng khac Liic nay, cho
PGS TS, Tru-ang Dai hoc S u pham TPHCM
tre an khoa hoc \a hieu qua la mpt yeu cau quan trpng ddi vdi nhtrng ngudi lam cha me Tu\ nhien, trong thyc te, day khong phai la mpt viec dl dang, nhat la trong xa hoi hien dai, khi ma phu huynh
CO qua nhieu sy lua ebon ve thiic an eho tre cpng vdi nhiing thdi quen khac nhau gitra cac tre khi an udng Trong qua trinh nudi con, hau hit phu huynh deu gap phai nhtmg kho khan trong viec cho tre an Co nhtrng trudng hgp, bira an trd thaiih noi
am anh khong chi cua diia tre ma con eua phu huynh Khi do, diia tre khdng dugc cung cap dii chat dinh dudng cho nhu cau
Trang 2phat trien eua ea the, cd thi din din bi
suy dinh dudng hoae cham phat trien
Thyc le nghien eiiu trong dl tai
"5ie« phdp tdm li khdc phuc khi tre bieng
an trong giai doan tir 1 den 6 tudi" cho
thay, so lugng tre rat bieng an va kha
bieng an chiem ti le eao (54,58%) Tre
bieng an la mdt khd khan, thach thire,
mpt ganh nang ve mat tam li eho ngudi
lam cha, lam me vi nhtrng lo lang ddi vdi
sy phat trien trudc mat cung nhu lau dai
cua tre [4]
Ddi vdi tre tir I den 3 tuoi, kha
nang nhan tbiic, ghi nhd va tinh cam ciia
tre phat trien manh me, eae tien de eho sy
binh thanh va phat trien nhan each da eo
ban duge binh thanh ma dac trung la hien
tugng khiing hoang tuoi len 3 Vdi nhung
dac diem nhu vay nen hanh vi an uong
eiia tre het sire phirc tap, ddi hoi phai eo
sy tae ddng kheo leo, khoa hpc va hgp li
cua ngudi Idn
De khae phyc linb trang bieng an
bang nhiing bien phap trudc mat cung
nhu lau dai, thi nhimg bien phap co ban
xuat phat tir ngudi me va cac van de xoay
quanh hanh dpng chuan bi cho tre an, cho
tre an va xir Ii nhiing tinh hudng kbi cho
tre an hay tiic tre cd dau hieu bieng an
tam li la nhiing bien phap chu yeu
Nhtmg bien phap tac dpng cd the thyc
hien dd la thay ddi nhan thiie cua ngudi
tdn ve siic khde va dinh dudng cua tre,
thay doi each eho tre an hay cd nhtrng
bien phap kich thich tre Idii an Nhung
bien phap nay da dupe khao cuu ve tinh
can thiet va tinh kha thi Trong do, ndi
bat nhat ta bien phap tac ddng ve mat tam
li ma dac biet la kich thich tam li tre khi
an Day la bien phap kha hieu qua ma cac phu huynh deu cho rang rat can thiet va rat kha thi; do do can tien hanh thir nghiem tren thyc te de tien hanh nhan rpng trong cong ddng
2 Giai quyet van de Thuc nghiem nham kiem tra bieu qua viec khac phuc tinh trang bieng an tam li cua tre thdng qua cae bien phap da
de xuat vdi nhiem vu thuc nghiem ta: tien hanh md hinh thuc nghiem tren nhom khach the dupe ehpn Ipc, kiem tra tinh hieu qua cua mo hinh thue nghiem dya tren ket qua danh gia va eong cu danh gia Khach the thue nghiem bao gdm:
Nhom thuc nghiem: Gdm ba muoi
tre bieng an tir 20 den 40 thang tuoi Sau kbi khao sat va danh gia linb trang bieng
an lam li ciia Ire thi tiep tuc ehpn loc va thue nghiem tren tre de danh gia hieu qua thyc nghiem
* Nhom ddi chimg: Gdm ba muoi Ire
bieng an tir 20 den 40 thang tuoi Cac khach the nay khong nhan su tae dpng tir cac bien phap thyc nghiem
* Giai han vd pham vi thuc nghiem nhu sau:
- Chi bam sat vao mo hinh phan loai
bieng an tam li ca ban d tre va ling dung bien phap tac dpng tuong ung; chi lap trung vao loai bieng an tam li co ban duge xae lap d tre ma khdng quan lam nhieu den loai bieng an tam li khac (neu cd)
Viec danh gia hieu qua eiia eae bien phap tac ddng se tap trung vao edng cu danh gia ehii yeu trong nghien cim, cu the la hanh vi tam li khi an ciia Ire dugd thay doi bay chua ma khdng phai dua
Trang 3Tap chi KHOA HOC BHSP TPHCM
tren su mong moi ciia phu huynh hay so
lugng thirc an tre an Co the dc cap den
mo hinh thuc nghiem da nghien cuu [5]:
Mo hinh thuc nghiem dugc xac dinh dua tren chuoi nghien cim lua chon
Xac d|nh
mic dp
bieng an
A
s i r o M ( III M ,
MIOM
1 F<l, (
N ( , i r i r M
Phan loai biing an
Xac dinh
mire tiC,
h\it\-^ an
( H U S H \ l^l^^ I'livi'
Theo lofli t>i£ng an
Theo nguyfin nhSn
TEST +
Ql ANSAl
MAC Tin C
NGHIfM
^ m vi^e vdi phy huynh
1 i^n hanh
Ian lirijt img bien phap
X^c d|nh 1(11
muc ii) bifng
Ti6n hanh
EWngM cac bifn ph^p
So do 1 Md hinh thuc nghiem khdc phuc tinh trang bieng an tdm H a tre tir 1 den 3 tuoi
De dinh hudng tac dpng mot each
bieu qua vdi timg tre bieng an trong tinh
binh thyc le, cd the mo binh hda timg tac
ddng thyc nghiem ling vdi timg loai
bieng an lam li eiia tre tir I den 3 tuoi
Dya tren sau loai bieng an tam li ma de
tai xac lap (an khong dii lugng thirc an
can thiet, thdi gian an qua lau - tren 30
phiit, hoc 16 nhung cam xiic tieu eye
hanh vi tranh ne, hanh vi chdng doi, phan
ling sinh li) nghien cim se danh gia xem timg tre gap phai loai bieng an tam li nao Tren co sd dd, sau khi thyc nghiem, day cung la edng eu danh gia lai xem tre con bieu hien cu the nao khi da tac dpng bang
md hinh thue nghiem tuong img vdi loai bieng an tam ti eu the [6]
Cd the md ta bang danh gia thirc nghiem (trudc va sau thuc nghiem) nhu 6 bang 1 va2 sau day:
Trang 4Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM
I Ddnh gid tinh trang bieng an tdm li cua Ire tir 1 den 3 tuoi theo timg loai
Loai 1: An khong dii lu'ong thu-c an can thiet
Cau 1 Be co an it, an
khong du nhu cau dinh
dudng cua lira tuoi?
Cau 2 Be chi chiu an vat,
an tbiic an it dinh dudng?
Cau 3 Be ed ken ehpn,
chi an mpt it loai thiic an?
An rat it (dudi nira chen)
An kha it (hon nua chen)
An con luong doi it (1 chen) Rat thudng xuyen (6 lan/ngay trd len) Kha thudng xuyen (4-5 ISn/ngay) Ciing luong doi nhieu ian(2-3 lan/ngay) Rat ken loai thirc an (an dudi 3 mon)
An dugc mot sd loai (an dudi 6 mon)
An dupe cac loai nhung khong nhieu (dudi 9 mdn)
DiSm
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
Loai 2: An qua lau
Cau 4 Be ed ngam thirc
an lau trong mieng ma
khdng chiu nhai, nuot?
Cau 5 Be co de bj phan
tam trong khi an?
cau 6 Be cd an qua lau
(tren 30 phiit/biia)?
Ngam rat lau (5 phiit trd len/ muong thiic an)
Ngam kha lau (tir 3-4 phiit/ muong thirc
an)
Ngam tuong doi lau (1-2 phiit/ muong thiic an)
Rat de bo an khi gap kich thich nhieu (pbim boat hinh, do choi )
Kha de bo an khi gap kich thich nhieu Cling hay bo an kbi gap kich thich nhieu Khoang 60 phiit
Khoang 45 phiit Khoang 30 phiit
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1 Loai 3: Boc Id cam xuc tieu cu'C
Cau 7 Be co td ve sg an,
the hien sy cang thang khi
an?
Cau 8 Be co to ve kho
chiu khi den biia an?
Cau 9 Be ed khoc kbi
thay thiic an?
Rat so hai Kha so hai
Co ve so hai Rat eau CO Kha kbo chiu
Co ve khd chiu Khoc du dpi Khdc to Meu
3
2
1
3
2
1
3
2
1
Trang 5Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM
Bang 2 Ddnh gid tinh trang bieng an tdm li cua tre tir 1 den.3 tudi theo timg loai
Loai 4: H^nh vi trinh n^
1
2
3
4
5
6
Chay iron khi chuan bi tdi biia an
Gia bi benh, keu no de tranh an
Doi diii thirc an khSe, che mgi thirc an
deu dir/khong an dugc
Uan ngucri, ni tranh
Nam va, thu nguoi, khong giao tiep
Tranh ne hoat dpng an bang cich lay li
do dang tham gia hoat dpng khdc
(dang choi, doi xem ti-vi xong )
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
Loai 5: Hanh vi chong doi
1
2
3
4
5
6
Ngam chat mieng
Phun thirc an
Co tinh lam do thirc an
La mang, cau ban vai nguofi cho an
To ve hung hang, ham dga
Danh nguoi cho an
3
3
3
2
2
2
3 2
3 i 2
3 1 2
1
1
1
1
1
1
Loai 6: Phan ung sinh If
1
2
3
4
5
6
Toat mo hoi, bien sac, tho gap khi sap an
Hay bu6n non khi nhin thdy thuc an
Hay dau bung khi nhin thay thirc an
Bi non (6i) khi an
Kho nuot
Sac, ho
3 j 2
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
Can cir tren mo hinh li thuyet thue
nghiem de tai de xuat, nhom nghien cim
da t'lin hanh ap dung tren khach the thuc
nghiem dugc lua chon trong thoi gian
bon thang (tii thang 12-2011 den thang
3-2012) Quy trinh thuc nghiem bat dju tir
viec khao sat truoc thuc nghiem dk xac
dinh mire do va loai bieng an ciia tre d6n
viee trao doi, huong dan phu huynh cac
bien phap thuc nghiem va sau ciing la
khao sat, danh gia sau thuc nghiem
Theo thiet ke frong mo hinh thuc nghiem, img voi moi loai bieng an se co nhimg bien phap tac dpng rieng va chuyen biet Qua khao sat thuc tS thi m6i dira tre khi bj bieng an thucmg se co nhiju hon mot loai bieng an Nhirng loai bijng an thudng gap va thudng di liSn vcji nhau do la thdi gian an qua lau, an khong dii lugng thirc an cin thiet va hanh
vi ne tranh [7, tr.8] Ben canh d<3, co mot vai tre se co nhtrng phan img sinh li di kem voi nhihig cam xuc tieu cue Trong
54
Trang 6nhiing trudng hgp dac biet nhu khi Ire
cam thay bi ap lye mot each qua miic, tre
CO the cd nhiing hanh vi chong ddi lai
ngudi eho an nhu danh lai hoae gat do
thuc an Xuat phat tir thuc te dd, de tai
da ap dung md hinh thyc nghiem mdt
each mem deo nham phii hgp vol thue te
tinh trang bieng an ciia tre nhu sau:
Moi loai bieng an van co nhiing
bien phap tae dpng chuyen biet rieng
Ben canh dd, co mpt so bien phap se
dupe ap dyng chung cho cae loai bieng
an khae nhau nhu bien phap choi diia
ciing tre trudc khl an de tao bau khdng
khi vui ve, ban che cac yeu to gay nhieu,
cat bdt cac loai qua vat, treo phan thudng
de tre kich thich tre Day duge gpi la
nhung bien phap giao thoa, co the ap
dung de khae phuc cho cae loai bieng an
khac nhau
Bieu do 1 So sdnh muc do bieng an
Vdi each ap dung mo hinh nhu tren, d^ tai se khong di sau phan tich, danh gia hieu qua ciia timg bien phap thuc nghiem
ma se dya vao muc dp eai thien tinh trang bi^ng an ciia tre de khang dinh ve tinh hieu qua chung ciia eae bien phap thue nghiem da de xuat Tuy nhien, trong qua trinh khao sat va phan tich k^t qua, eung can luu y tach biet mdt each tuong ddi nhiing bien phap khae phuc tinh trang bieng an tam li ciia tre theo timg loai bieng an de phy huynh cd the de dang ap dung, nhat la ddi vdi nhiing dira tre chi ed bieu hien eiia mpt loai bieng an nao do
2.1 Kit qua thuc nghiem xet tren binh dien chung
Sau qua trinh thyc nghiem, ket qua khao sal cbo thay tinh trang bieng an ciia tre giam di mpt each dang ke dupe the hien qua bieu do I sau day:
cita tre trudc vd sau thuc nghiem
Tnj'6'c thyc nghiem Sau thyc nghiem
Bieu do I eho thay, sau khi thyc
nghiem, mire dp bieng an ciia tre da giam
di rd ret Neu nhu trudc khi thuc nghiem,
diem trung binh (DTB) miie dp bieng an
ciia tre la 1,23 - tuong img vdi mire bieng
an kha n ^ g thi sau thyc nghiem, DTB
mire d6 bieng an giam xudng eon 0,47
-nam trong mire bieng an nhe De lam rd hon ket qua nay, de tai da su dung kiem nghiem Wilcoxon nham co the khang dinh sy khac biet ve DTB miic dp bieng
an cua tre trudc va sau khi lien hanh thyc nghiem la co bay khong ed y nghTa ve mat thong ke (xem bang 3)
55
Trang 7Tap chi KHOA HQC DHSP TPHCIVl
Bang 3 Kiem nghipn Wilcoxon ve su khdc biet mire do bieng an cua tre
truac vd sau thyc nghiem
Stt
1
N^i dung
Mire dg bieng Sn
BTB tra&c
th^'C nghiem 1,23
DTB sau thuc nghiem 0,47
Sig 0,005 Bang 3 cho thay, vdi dp tin cay
95%, miic y nghTa quan sat phi tham so
thu duge ta 0,005, dieu nay chiing td da
cd sy khac bipt y nghTa ve thdng ke giira
DTB miic do bieng an ciia tre trudc va
sau thyc nghipm Dilu nay chiing t6, sy
chuyen bien ve mire dp bieng an ciia tre
dudi tac ddng ciia cac bien phap thuc
nghiem la thyc chat va kbdch quan
Cimg vdi nbting so lieu thdng ke,
de tai da lien hanh phdng van nhihig phu
huynh co con tham gia thyc nghiem v^ su
chuySn bien trong viee an u6ng ciia tre
ciing da thu dupe nbting danh gia tich
eye tir phu huynh Chi T.T la me eiia be
Nhi - be co mire dp bi8ng an nang nhat
cbo biet: "Tdi rat hdi long ve su chuyen
bien trong viec dn udng cua chau Truac
day, chdu rdt bieng dn, nhdt Id thai gian
dn qud lau khien tdi met mdi mdi khi cho
chdu dn Chdu thudng xuyen co thdi quen
ngam thirc dn trong mieng md khong chiu
nuot Luc dd tdi chi biet ndn ni vd cha
dgi chdu dn vl da thir nhieu cdch tir nhe
nhdng den la mang chdu md chdu vdn
khdng chiu dn Khi dirge huang ddn
nhirng bien phdp trong luc cho chdu dn
toi da cd gang thuc hien theo vd ihdv co
su chuyen bien ro ret Chdu da khdng con the hi^n su chdn ndn, khd chiu khi den bira dn nira md ngtcgc lai, chdu rdt hao hung vai nhiing trd chai trong khi
dn Nha vay md chdu dn nhanh hem, it ngam thuc dn vd dn dugc nhieu han"
Ket qua khao sat sau thyc nghiem cung ghi nhan dugc nhimg dir tieu tuong tu nhu vay Neu nhu trudc thyc nghiem, hau
bet tre dIu an rk lau, khdng chju ha
mieng de ngudi ton diit thirc an va khong cam lha\ thoai mai khi an thi sau qua trinh thyc nghiem, tre da cd nhiing dap ling rat tich cue Tre da ehiu ha mieng de ngudi Idn dut ihiic an, an nhanh hon va
an dugc nhieu hon Co the do thdi gian thyc nghiem chua dii dai nhung trong pham vi ciia de tai \ a vdi nhirng ket qua budc dau thu duge la rat dang khich le
2.2 Ket qud thirc nghiem xet theo timg log! bieng dn
Khi xem xet tinh trang bieng an cua Ire sau thdi gian thyc nghiem theo timg loai bi§ng an ciing cho thay nhtmg ehuyen bien het siic kha quan Ket qua thdng ke duge the bien qua bieu do 2 dudi day:
Trang 8Tap chi KHOA HOC DHSP TPHCM Huynh Van Sirn
Biiu do 2 So sdnh miic do bieng dn cua tre theo tO-ng loai bieng dn
trudc vd sau thuc nghiem
XUC tieu
-TruCTc T N
trSnh _ » _ S a u
n e
T N
Bieu dd 2 cho thay, sau thyc
nghiem, tat ca cac loai bieng an ciia Ire
deu giam dang ke Trong so sau loai
bieng an, loai an qua lau giam nhieu nhat
(chenh leeh DTB la 1,3), thu nhi la an
khdng dii (chenh lech DTB la 1,0), thir ba
la hanh vi ne tranh (chenh lech DTB la
0,71), thii tu la cam xiic tieu eye (cbenb
lech DTB la 0,6), thii nam la phan ling
sinh li (chenh lech DTB la 0,52) va giam
it nhat la hanh vi chdng doi (chenh lech
DTB la 0,41)
Ba loai bieng an giam nbleu nhat dd
la: thdi gian an qua lau, an khdng dii
lupng thiic an can thiet va hanh vl ne
tranh Day cung la rihting loai bieng an
thudng gap nhat d tre Nhu da phan tich,
mpt diia tre thudng khong chi co mpt loai
bieng an ma se co mdt so loai bieng an di lien vdi nhau giong nhu nhiing phan ling day ehuyen, co loai bieng an nay se keo theo loai bieng an khac nhu an lau thi se
an dupe it va khong muon an Do vay, nhiing bien phap ma de tai ap dung eung lap trung ehii yeu vao nhiing loai bieng
an nay, ket qua co sy giam di rd ret ciing
la dieu de hieu Doi vdi nhiing loai bieng
an con lai nhu cam xiic lieu eye, hanh vi chdng doi va phan ling sinh li ciing da co
sy suy giam dang ke
De CO the ket luan ve linb khaeh quan va linh gia tri ciia su giam di ve miic dp trong tirng loai bieng an, de lai da sir dung phuong phap kiem nghiem phi tham so, loai kiem nghiem Wilconxon va thu duge kel qua nhu bang 4 dudi day:
57
Trang 9Tap chi KHOA HOC OHSP TPHCiyi
Bdng 4 Kiem nghiem Wilcoxon ve su khdc biet mire do bieng dn ciia tre
truac vd sau thuc nghiem
stt
1
2
3
4
5
6
Loai bieng an
An khc)ng dii lugng thirc an can thiet
An qua lau
Boc Ip cam xuc tieu cgc
Hanh vi tranh ne
Hanh vi chong doi
Phan img sinh li
BTB truoc thyc nghiem 1,80 2,13 0,80 1,26 0,66 0,75
DTB sau thu'c nghiem 0,80 0,83 0,20 0,55 0,25 0,23
Sig 0,005 0,005 0,017 0,008 0,007 0,028 Bang 4 eho thay ca sdu ioai bieng
an deu CO sy khac biet y nghTa ve mat
th6ng ke, cu the ta: an khong dii tugng
tbiic an can thiet (Sig = 0,005), an qua
lau (Sig = 0,005), bdc Id cam xiie tieu
eye (Sig = 0,017), hanh vi tranh ne (Sig ^
0,008), phan img sinh li (Sig = 0,028) va
hanh vi chong doi (Sig - 0,007)
Khi xet tinh bleu qua ciia cae bien
phap thyc nghiem tren timg loai bieng an
thi ca 6/6 loai bieng an da giam di mpt
bac trong thang do miic dp bdn bac bieng
an (miic dp rat nang, miic dp nang mire
dp kha nang, miic dp nhe) Trong sau loai
bieng an, cd bai loai d mire do nang la an
qua lau CO DTB la 2,13 va an khong du
lugng thire an e^n thill co DTB la 1,80
thi sau thuc nghiem giam xudng edn 0.83
va 0,80 tuong img vdi miic dp kha
nang Ba loai bieng an edn lai (hanh \i
ehdng ddi, phan ling sinh li, boc Id cam
xiic tieu cue) trudc thyc nghiem dIu cd
DTB tren 0,5 - tuong img vdi miic kha
nang thi sau thyc nghiem, giam xudng
edn dudi 0,5 - tuong img vdi mire nhe
Rieng loai bieng an co hanh vi ne tranh
-cd DTB trudc thuc nghiem la 1,26 thi sau
thyc nghiem giam edn 0,55 - ciing d muc
kha nang nhung da cd sy chuyen dich kha rii ve diem sd, DTB miirc dp bieng an
da nghieng \e dau miit ciia hai phia kha nang va nhe Neu chi nhin vao tri tuyet ddi cua cac sd lieu, cd the nhan djnh rang miie dp bieng an eiia tre giam di khong dang ke vi chi chenh nhau mpt miie do Tuy nhien, thyc te thi day la mot kel qua rat dang mimg, vi \di tre bieng an, nhal
la nhung tre bieng an nang thi chi can tre chju an hon mdt cbiit da la mdt niem vui Idn ddi \di eac bac cha me Ben canh do,
do nhung han che \ e mat thdi gian, dieu kien cung nhu kinh phi thyc nghiem nen nhirng ket qua dat dugc ban dau nay ciing
la mgt tin hieu bet siic kha quan, khong chi khang dinh tinh diing dan ciia nhiing bi^n phap thuc nghiem ma edn md ra nhiing co hdi nghien cuu chuyen sau hon
de khang dinh tinh ben virng eua mo hinh thue nghiem
2.3 Ket qud thirc nghiem xet theo tittig tre trong nhom thtrc nghiem
Ngoai tac ddng tren timg loai biSng
an, nhtmg bien phap thue nghiem con dugc the hien tren timg dira tre Kit qua
dd duge the hien d bieu dd 3 sau day:
Trang 10Bieu dd 3 So sdnh mire do bieng dn truac vd sau thuc nghiem tren timg tre
trong nhom thuc nghiem
0 44 0 42 ~Q^ a 3 6 ~
Thugn Nhgt Ngan \ ^ Trang Quy Trpng Duyen Tam
- T r u ' d c T N - ' - S a u T N
Ket qua eho thay ea mudi tre nhom
thue nghiem deu ed nhirng dap ling ddi
vdi eac bien phap thyc nghiem Neu nhu
trudc thue nghiem, bay trong mudi tre ed
mire bieng an kha nang thi sau thuc
nghiem giam xudng con miic do nhe
Rieng ddi vdi be Nhi, trudc thyc nghiem
cd miic bieng an nang thi sau ibyc
nghiem giam xudng edn miic kha nang
Doi vdi be Duyen va be Nien, dii rang
trudc va sau thyc nghiem deu co miic dp
bieng Sn kha nang nhung sau thuc
nghiem da co sy giam di dang ke ve diem
sd Ket qua nay mpt Ian niia d5 gop phan
khang djnb tinb diing dan va hieu qua ciia
eac bien phap thyc nghiem khac phuc
tinh trang bieng an tam li d tre ma de tai
da de xuat
Tien hanh phong van mpt sd phu
huynh de lam rd hon ket qua thyc nghiem
thi da phan phu huynh dSu td ra hai ldng
vdi tinh trang hien tai ciia tre Mot trudng
hgp khac, chi H.A, me ciia chau Duyen
cho biet "Con gdi tdi dugc 15 thdng tudi
nhimg do chdu ldm bieng dn nen chdu khong map len dugc Do chdu khdng an dugc cam hat nen tdi phdi xay nhuyen thuc dn md chdu vdn luai dn Cu dn dugc vdi muong Id chdu khdng chiu dn Nhung cUng cd khi chdu ndi hiing thi lai dn dugc nhieu han md khdng can phdi ep budc gi
cd Tuy nhien, lau ldm mai cd truang hgp nhu vay con thuong Id chdu luai dn Sau khi dp dung cdc bien phdp thuc nghiem, tdi thay chdu cd nhimg chuyen bien nhdt dinh, chdu da chiu dn han mgt chut dii rang vdn con dn tuang doi lau Du sao thi kit qud nay cung ddng mirng rdi Tdi
se tiep tuc dp dung cdc bien phdp dugc huang ddn de cd the cd kit qud tich cue han"
Nhirng phu huynh ciia cac be con lai trong nbdm thuc nghiem cung da ghi nhan nhirng ket qua tich eye sau khi ap dung cac bien phap thyc nghiem ma de tai da xay dyng va hudng dan thyc hien