Vi the, tim hieu thuc trgng bieu hien vdn hda cdng nghiep & hoc sinh trung hoc phd thdng Viet Nam hien nay ldm co s& de xudt bien phdp gido due phu hcrp ve linh vuc ndy nhdm gdp phdn ndn
Trang 1BIEU HIEN VAN HOA CONG NGHIEP
6 HOC SINH TRUNG HOC PHO THONG HIEN NAY
NghlSn ciru nay duoc tai trp bdi Quy Phat tri^n Khoa hoc v^ Cong ngh$ Qudc gia
(NAFOSTED) trong 66 t^i: Giao due van hoa cong nghiep cho hgc sinh trong nha tnrdng pho thong; Ma sd: VI2.5-2011.13; PGS J S Dao Thj banh l^m chii nhiSm
PGS.TS Dao Thj Oanh
Vien Nghiin cifu Suphgm, Trudng Dai hgc Suphgm Hd Ndi
U Quang Hung
Tru&ng Dai hgc Suphgm Hd Ngi
T O M TAT
Gido due vdn hda cong nghiep tie lau da Id mgt ngi dung quan trgng trong nhd tru&ng phd thong & cdc nuac phdt trien, song cdn khd mdi me d nu&c ta Hoc sinh trung hgc phd thdng hdm nay se gia nhap vdo luc lugng lao dgng phuc vu cong nghiep hda, hien dai hda ddt nude trong nay mai Vi the, tim hieu thuc trgng bieu hien vdn hda cdng nghiep & hoc sinh trung hoc phd thdng Viet Nam hien nay ldm co s& de xudt bien phdp gido due phu hcrp ve linh vuc ndy nhdm gdp phdn ndng cao chdl lugng ngudn nhdn luc Id viec ldm cdn thiet Ddy cung Id ndi dung md bdi bdo ndy de cap den
TCr khoa: Vdn hda; Vdn hda cong nghiep; Bieu hien vdn hda cdng nghiep
Ngdy nhdn bdi 20/7/2015; Ngdy duyet ddng bdi: 25/3/2017
ABSTRACT
Industrial culture education has long been an important element in high schools
in developed countries, but quite new in our country High school students today will Join workforce in the near future Therefore, it is essential lo investigate the expressions of industrial culture among high school students in Vietnam, which provides basis for proposing educational measures in the right direction on this field in order lo improve the quality of human resources This is also ihe content of this article
Key words: Culture; Industrial Culture; Expression of Industrial Culture
TAP CHI TAM LV HOC, So'4 (217), 4 - 2017
Trang 2d nude ta, trong nhihig nam gdn ddy, mdt sd khia canh cila vdn hda cdng
nghiep vdi hr cdch Id nhimg phdm chdt nhdn each quan trgng cua ngudi lao ddng trong xa hdi cdng nghiep hien dai da dugc nghidn cdru tren ddi ngii can bd cdng chirc, cdng nhdn, ndng ddn, tri thiirc (Ngd Minh Khang, Nguyen Duy Bdc, Hodng Chi Bdo, Cao 'Van Lugng, Vu Dflng, Dd Long, Ld Thi Thu Thiiy, Ld Thi Thanh Huong ) Bdn canh nhiing phdm chdt tdt vdn cd d con ngudi Viet Nam, cac tac gid cung chi ra mdt sd biSu hidn hdnh vi khdng phu hgp cdn khd phd bidn d ngudi lao ddng trong khi ldm viec khidn ldm gidm chat lugng, hieu qua cdng viec: tiiy tien; thidu ky luat; tinh tu chiu trach nhidm cd nhdn kem; khdng tinh ddn hieu qua kinh td, siic luc, thdi gian; ngai thay ddi; "vao mudn ra sdm"; "cdu gid"; trang phuc chua chudn muc Nguyen nhdn eo bdn dugc chi ra la tdm Iy tidu ndng, phuong thiic sdn xudt nhd cdn nang ne vd nhdt Id nen tang gido due chua dap irng yeu cdu cua qud trinh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda
Dd xay dung va phat trien dat nude trd nen vdn minh hien dai, nhdt thiet phdi ed nhung con ngudi hien dai Giao due vd ddo tao gdp phan quan trgng trong viec cung cap ngudn nhan luc chat lugng cao cho xa hdi Dd la nhirng ngudi lao ddng cd tri thuc, chuyen nghiep, trach nhiem, ban ITnh, trung thyc, cd
tu duy phe phan, sang tao, khd ndng thich img cao de cd thd lam viec hieu qud trong mdi trudng toan cdu hda, vira hgp tdc vira canh tranh Dieu ndy ddi hdi nhung thay ddi can ban vc giao due trong bdi cdnh mdi, thd hien d ndi dung, phuong phap, hinh thuc td chiic, mdi trudng gido due sao cho phdi gdp phan duy tri, bdo tdn va phat trien eac gia trj van hda truyen thdng va hien dai nhu muc tieu ciia Chuong trinh Giao diic phd thdng da dd ra
2 Phuong phap, mau khach the nghien ciiu
* Phuang phdp dugc sd dung gom: Nghien ciru tdi lieu, diiu /ra viil, phdng van sdu, ihdng Ice todn lioc Cdng cu danh gid chu yeu la thang do bieu hien
van hda cdng nghiep danh cho hgc sinh THPT Thang do gdm 126 menh de, la dang thang do cau true hda, vdi cac chi sd ky thuat dugc kiem nghiem va danh gia theo md hinh ii'ng dap cau hdi Rasch va phdn mdm ConQuest He sd Alpha thu dugc Ircn loan thang do la 0,94, cdn d tirng mat bieu hien van hda cdng nghiep la: 0,92 (Tu duy cdng nghiep - 32 menh dd); 0,97 (Trach nhiem xa hdi - 46 menh de); 0,92 (Tac phong cdng nghiep - 22 menh dd); 0,95 (l/ng xir va dao dtlc cdng nghiep - 26 menh dd)
Bieu hien cac mat van hda cdng nghiep dugc danh gia theo 5 mtlc do: "kem"
"> cu "trung binh", "kha", "tdt" vdi diem dinh lugng tucmg ling dugc quy udc la
I ,_"2 , " 3 ' , "4", "5" Nhu vay, dietu trung binh cdng tdi da cd the dat dugc la 5
va tdi thieu la I Bieu hien van hda cdng nghiep ciia hgc sinh dugc danh gia dua
32
Trang 3phu huynh thu duac tir thang do
* Khdch thi nghien ciiru: gdm 692 hpc sinh dang hoc lop 12 tail 4 tnrang
THPT thupc dia ban 7 tinh/thanh tren ca nuac la Son La, Quang Ninh, Ha Npi,
Hue, Bh Ning, Dik Lak, thanh ph6 H6 Chi Minh Ca ciu miu: 252 hgc sinh nam
va 440 no-; 159 em c6 hgc lire trung binh, 399 - kha, 134 - gioi; 365 hgc sinh a
khu vuc thdnh thj va 367 em or khu vuc nong thon
Mlu khach thd nghien cuu con co 31 giao vien va 29 phu huynh hpc sinh
3 Ket qua nghien cu'u
3.1, Kit qud nghien cu-u ly lugn
a/Khdi niem van hda
Trong nghiSn cim nay, vSn hoa dugc hieu la "todn bg gid tri vat chdt vd
tinh thdn da duac nhdn loai sdng tgo ra trong qud trinh hogt dgng thuc tien lich
sir - xd hoi, the hien moi quan he pho quat ciia con ngu&i doi v&i the gi&i, moi
quan he ma thong qua do con ngu&i sdng tgo ra the gi&i vd sdng tao ra chinh
ban thdn minh" [7]
b/ Khdi niem vdn hoa cong nghiep ("Industrial Culture")
Dua theo dinh nghia neu tren ve "Van hoa" va each hieu chung ve "Xa
hpi cong nghiep" [2], [7], [9], nhom nghien cuu dua ra mpt "dinh nghTa de lam
viec" ve van hoa cong nghiep nhu sau: Vdn hda cong nghiep Id todn bg nhimg
gid tri vat chdt vd tinh thdn duac con ngu&i sdng tao ra trong xd hoi cdng
nghiep, the hien & cdch suy nghT, cdch img xir cua con ngu&l trong moi quan he
v&i bdn thdn, v&i cong viec, v&i nhiing ngu&l khdc, v&i moi tru&ng tu nhien
c/ Bieu hien vdn hoa cong nghiep
Theo each hieu tren, van hoa cong nghiep la mgt khai niem rat rgng, co
bieu hien phong phii, phat trien theo su phat trien cua xa hpi Dd la nhung hdnh
vi, cir chi the hien suy nghT, thdi do cua con ngu&i cong nghiep trong moi quan
he v&i bdn thdn v&i cong viec, v&i ngu&i khdc Nghien ciiu nay tap trung lam ro
muc dp hien co va cac yeu to tac dgng tai bieu hien van hoa cong nghiep, thong
qua 4 ITnh virc: Tu- duy cong nghiep, Trdch nhiem xa hoi, Tdc phong cong nghiep,
Lfngxu vd dgo ditc cdng nghiep [\], {6], [8|
d/Bieu hien van hda cong nghiep & hgc sinh THFTdxigc xac dinh dua tren
sir phan tich dac diem tam ly va tinh chat hoat dpng chu dao cua lua tuoi nay Do
ta nhung hanh vi, cu chi the hien suy nghT, thai dp ciia hgc sinh THPT trong m6i
quan he vai ban than, vai cong viec, vai nguai khac Npi dung cac mat bi6u hien
van hoa cong nghiep ciia hpc sinh THPT duac xac dinh d^ nghien cuu, gom: Ton
TAP CHI TAM L? HOC, So 4 (217), 4 - 2017 33
Trang 4trdch nhiem, Tdn trgng ky cuang, Tdn trgng su cam Icet, Ke hogch vd linh chuyen nghiep, Coi trgng chdt lugng vd hieu qud, Trung thirc, Hgp Idc
Bang 1: Ndi dung vd ddu hieu ca bdn trong bieu Men vdn hda cdng nghiep
a hgc sinh trung hgc phd thdng
Mat
bieu hien
Tir duy
cong
nghiep
Trach
nhiem
xa hoi
Tac phong
cong
nghiep
ling xif va
dao due
cong
nghiep
Noi dung
bieu hien
(1) Ton trong tri
thiJc va tir hoc
hoi
(2) Tir duy phan
bien
(3) Thich ting
Vffi SU" thay doi
(4) Tu chiu trach
nhiem
(5) Ton trong ky
CU'OTlg
(6) Ton trgng sir
cam ket
(7) Ke hoach va
chuyen nghiep
(8) Coi trong
chat lugng va
hieu qua
(9) Trung thirc
(10) Hgp tac
Dau hieu c c ban
(1) Cap nhat tri thuc va cong nghe mai (2) Cach thiic hpc tap hieu qua (3) Dinh hirong nghe nghiep (nghe doi hoi tri thirc hien d^i) (4) Phan tich, danh gia van de dira tren minh chimg khoa hgc
(5) Phan tich, danh gia vin 6% mgt each da chilu
(6) Tir duy duy ly (7) ChSp nhan thirc t8 (8) Dam thay doi (dan than, trai nghiem) (9) Lirong truoc nhung kho khan (10) Tir quan, chu dong trong cong viec, trong quan he (11) Dam nhan trach nhiem
(12) No luc hoan thanh nhiem vu (chii tam vao nhiem vu duac giao)
(13) Ky luat tu giac (14) Ky cuong (15) Trong trach xa hoi (16) Ton trong loi hiia (17) Ton trpng doi tac (18) Coi trong lai ich cac ben (19) Lap ke hoach va thuc hien theo ke hoach (20) Tinh chuyen nghiep
(21) Dat muc tieu hpc tap (trong lop, ngoai lap) (22) Quan ly tot cac nguon lire cua ban than (23) Hu Jng tai dap irng nhu ciu phat trien ban than (24) That tha, ngay thang
(25) Khach quan, cong bang (26) Giu chu tin (27) Hieu biet ton trong su khac biet (28) Quan tam, chia se
(29) Cai mo than thien
34
Trang 5KSt qua thSng ke dugc tinh theo hai dai lugng: DiSm trung binh cong cua moi mirc va ty le % hoc sinh dat d cac muc Viec phto tich ket qua nghien ciiu thirc tiln se dugc tiSn htoh theo cac tham s6 so sanh: giod tinh, hoc luc, dia ban (noi - ngoai thanh; dia phuong)
Phan tfch kit qua thuc trang dugc bat dSu bSng viec danh gia chung ca 4 mat bieu hien van hoa cflng nghigp Sau do xem xet cu th6 timg mSt biSu hien de lam ro nhttng khia canh rifing
3.2.1 Ddnh gid Idng hap ve bieu hien vdn hda cdng nghiep d hoc sinh THPT
Bdng 2: Tdng hgp mirc dd bieu hien cdc mat vdn hda cdng nghiep
a hgc sinh THPT (N = 692)
STT
1
2
3
4
Mat bieu hien van hoa cong nghiep
TLT duy cons nghiep
Trach nhiem xa hoi
Tac phong'cong nghiep
Ung xir va dao dire cong nghiep
BTB
2,19 2,96 3,05 3,12
Do lech chuan
0,34 0,40 0,42 0,40
Ghi chit: Diem trung binh cao nhdt Id 5, thdp nhdt la 1
De dang quan sat thay muc do dat dugc 6 tat ca cac mat bieu hien chu yeu la "trung binh" va "yeu" Co su khac biet ve diem so giiia cac mat bieu hien Theo do, cao nhat la mat "LTng xur va dao diic cong nghiep", tiep do la "Tac phong cong nghiep", roi den "Trach nhiem xa hpi", thap nhat la "Tu duy cong nghiep" Phan tich thong ke cho thay, su khac biet la co y nghTa ro ret Diiu nay cang ro net khi so sanh miic do bieu hien van hoa cong nghiep ciia hpc sinh THPT theo cac bien s6 Cu thJ:
* So sdnh theo gidi tinh Sir khac biet co y nghia thong ke ct ca 4 mat bieu hien vdi miic y nghia p = 0,003 a "Tu duy cong nghiep" (trong do kk qua cua nam
cao hon ciia nO) va p < 0,001 o "Trach nhiem xa hoi"; "Tac phong cong nghiep";
"ling xir va dao diic cong nghiep" (trong do kk qua ciia nu cao hon ciia nam)
* So sdnh theo dia bdn' Co sif lihac biet 6 tit ca cac mat biiu hien nhung chi 6 "Tv: duy cong nghiep" la co y nghTa thdng ke voi p = 0,04 6 tSt ca cac mat,
kit qua ciia hpc sinh ngoai thanh diu cao hon kit qua ciia hpc sinh npi thanh Kit
Trang 6Tuong tu, so sanh kit qua thu dugc giua cac tinh/thanh trong miu nghien cim cho thjy su khac biet co y nghia thflng ke o "Trach nhiem xa hoi" (p = 0,001); "Tae phong
cong nghiep" (p = 0,017); "Ung xu va dao diic cong nghiep" (p = 0,001) Rieng a mat
"Tu duy cong n ^ e p " , sir khac biet khong co y nghTa thSng ke voi p = 0,21
* So sdnh Iheo xip loai hoc luc: Su khac biet co y nghia thong ke a tSt ca cac mat biiu hien voi p = 0,048 a "Tu duy cong nghiep"; p = 0,009 a "Trach nhiem xa hpi"; p = 0,019 o "Tac phong cong nghiep" va p = 0,038 a "LTng xir va
dao ddc cong nghiep" Khuynh huong chung thu dugc trong nghien cim nay la: Nhom hoc sinh hpc lire "Kha" co ket qua bieu hien van hoa cong nghiep cao hon
6 mat "Trach nhiem xa hpi", "Tac phong cong nghiep", "Cng xir va dao dire cong nghiep" Trong khi do, nhom hpc lire "Gidi" co ket qua cao hon 6 mat "Tu duy cdng nghiep"
Ket qua danh gia chung ve thuc trang bieu hien van hoa cdng nghiep ciia hpc sinh THPT cdn dugc the hien d sd lugng hpc sinh trong timg mirc dp bieu hien Theo do, khdng cd hpc sinh nao dat mirc 5 d ea 4 mat; cd 7 hpc sinh (1,01%) dat mirc 4 d ca 4 mat; 236 hpc sinh (34,1%) - dat mirc 3 d ca 4 mat; 2 hpc sinh (0,28%) - dat mirc 2 d ca 4 mat; 3 hpc sinh (0,43%) - dat mirc 1 d ca 4 mat bieu hien Sd hpc sinh cdn lai cd mure dp dat dugc la rat khac nhau d cac mat bieu hien cua van hda cdng nghiep (vi du, cd 1 mat dat mirc 5; 2 mat mirc 4; 1 mat mirc 3; )
Ket qua nghien ciru eho thay:
- Sd lugng hpc sinh tu danh gia d mirc cao khdng nhieu; Khdng cd em nao trong mau nghien cim dat ca 4 mat biiu hien d mirc 5 - "tdt" (0%); chi cd 7/692
em cd 4 mat bieu hien deu d mirc 4 - "kha" (1,01%);
- Da sd hpc sinh tu danh gia dat mirc 3 ("trung binh") d ca 4 mat biiu hien (236/792 chiem 34.1%), trong dd cung cd mdt sd dang kl vuon len mirc 4 ("kha")
d mot ddi mat (85/792 -12,3%.) hoac vin cd mpt mat d mirc 2 - "jlu" (95/792 - 13,7%i);
- "Van cdn cd mot bp phan hpc sinh tu danh gia bieu hien van hda cdng nghiep d miic thip - chi tir mirc 2 trd xudng - "yiu" va "kem" (27/792 - 3,87%) Tu\ khdng phai la tat ca song khi so sanh kct qua tu danh gia cua hpc sinh \di ket qua danh gia cua giao vien thi thiy trong tirng mat khao sat diu cd
su chenh lech ve diem sd d mdt sd menh de ("Tiip nhan kiln thirc dua tren su phan tich khoa hpc ciia ban than": "Lam viee ciia tap thi cung tdt nhu viec cua chinh minh ), Dieu na\ khien cho viec danh gia cSn mpt sir than trpng nhat dinh
36
Trang 7a/ Biiu hien van hda cdng nghiep ciia hoc sinh g mat "Tu diiv cdng nghiep"
Ddi voi hpc sinh THPT, tu duy cong nghiep dugc thi hien thong qua
mdt sd khia canh chu yiu, la dac trung cdt loi cua van hda cdng nghiep, nhu:
Thdi quen quan sat, tim hilu tri thiic khoa hpc; trao ddi vdi ban be,
thSy CO giao vl nhirng tri thu'c va qua trinh tiip thu tri thirc khoa hoc;
- Tham gia vao cac cau lac bd hpc tap ciia nha trudng, cac cupc thi khoa
hpc cdng nghe d trong va ngoai tardng;
- Tuan thii nhirng nguyen tac khoa hpc, nang lire suy ngam, phan bien
trorig qua trinh tiep thu tri thitc khoa hoc;
- Chap nh&i y tudng ciia ngudi idiac, tinh than chap nhan thu thach,
dam tim tdi, dam thuc hien theo chii kidn cua ban than
Ket qua tu danh gia ciia hpc sinh d mat "Tu duy cdng nghiep" cd diem
trung binh la 2,19 - d mirc "yen" Trong cae npi dung bieu hien eua "Tu duy cdng
nghiep" thi "Tdn trpng tri thirc va tu hpc hdi" cd diem trung binh thap nhat so vdi
3 ndi dung cdn lai la "Tu duy phan bien", "Dinh hudng nghe nghiep" va "Thich
irng vdi sir thay ddi" Ngugc lai, "Dinh hudng nghe nghiep" cd ket qua cao nhSt
Khi ra soat cae bieu hien cu the, ta thay, nhttng bieu hien duge it hpc sinh lira
ehpn la nhung menh de lien quan den viec "Chii dpng tham gia vao cac hoat ddng
nghien cihi" (DTB = 1,23), sang tao "Lam dung cu phuc vu hpc tap cho ban than
tu cac phe heu" (DTB = 1,13) hay viec "Dam bdc Id suy nghT cua minh trude
nhung van de dang gay hanh luan" (DTB = 1,41), "Giai bai tap theo each khac
vdi each cua giao vien" (DTB = 1,81), "Van dung kien thirc da hpc vao giai thich
cac hien tugng tu nhien, xa hdi" (DTB = 1,45) hoac thdi quen "Ludng trude khd
khan cd the gap phai tnroc khi lam mpt vice gi dd" (DTB = 1,60) Tuong tu, d lira
tudi nay, hpc sinh dudng nhu it quan tam den cac su kien lien quan den ddi sdng
khoa hpe cdng nghe dien ra d trong nude ciing nhu qudc le (DTB lan lupt la 1,65
va 2,07) Sd hpc sinh cho rang sau nay se lira chon lam viec trong ITnh vuc khoa
hpc cdng nghe ciing rat khiem Idn (DTB = 1,64)
Cac bieu hien dugc nhieu hpc sinh lira chon hon lien quan den viec chap
nhan thuc te ban than (DTB = 3,44); chip nhan vugt qua khd khan, thach thiic
tir cdng viec (DTB = 3,05)
Ngudi cd tu duy cdng nghiep ciin cd thdi quen quan sat, y muon tim hilu,
giai thich cac hien tugng tu nhien, xa hpi xung quanh minh Lien quan din vin
dl nay, chi cd 5/31 giao vien (16,1%) danh gia hpc sinh d mirc dp "thuc hien
nhiiu", cdn danh gia d miic dp "it thirc hien" Ta 16/31 giao vien (51,6%) Cd thi
TAP CHiTAM Lt HOC, Sa'4 (217), 4 - 2 0 1 7 37
Trang 8sat, neu thSc mJc va khat vpng ly giai nhung diiu diin ra xung quanh minh rSt eSti dugc ren luyfin cho hgc sinh THPT bdi dd la nhung phSm chit va nang lire rit quan trgng ddi vdi ngudi lao dong dl phue vu va phat trien trong xa hpi cong nghiep hien dai
Khach quan ma ndi thi viec hpc sinh tham gia vao cac cau lac bg hgc tap hay cac cugc thi khoa hpc cdng nghe d trong v i ngoai nha trudmg khdng phai la diiu dl dang khi hien nay vin cdn kha nhieu trudng hpc chua thuc hien hoac cd thyc hien nhung khdng thudng xuyen Ngoai ra, cdn cd vin de vl chat lugng, hieu qua td chiic cac boat ddng dd Khi dugc hdi vl vin dl nay, y kiln ciia giao vien la: "chua thuc hien"-6/31 (19,4%); "It thue hien" - 17/31 (54,8%); "thuc hien theo dinh ky" - 6/31 (19,4%); "thuc Men thudng xuyen" - 2/31 (6,45%) Rit co thi hpc sinh se thich tham gia neu nhu hinh thirc td chiic, ngi dung boat dpng ciia cac cau lac bd khoa hpc la hap dan, loi cudn Vai trd cita giao vien bd mdn, giao vien chu nhiem va cac nhan td tich cue trong tap the idp, Doan Thanh nien, tinh linh hoat trong phuong thirc boat dgng la cae yeu td quan trpng trong viec hinh thanh
va phat huy hieu qua cua cac cau lac bd khoa hpe trong nha truong phd thdng Ngudi cd tu duy cdng nghiep khdng the thieu thai dp nghiem tuc tuan thu nhung nguyen tae, quy che la co sd cua tinh ky luat trpng suy nghT, hanh ddng Tat ca giao vien deu cho la "can" va "rat can" ddi vdi con ngudi hien dai Danh gia ciia giao vien ddi vdi hgc sinh ve bieu hien "Hanh ddng dua tren nguyen tSc" phan anh rd sir thieu hut nay Ching han, 16/31 giao vien dupe hdi cho rang hpc sinh cdn "chua thuc hien" hoac "it thirc hien" (51,6%i) Sd cho rang "thudng xuyen thyc hien" la 6/31 (19,4%) Thai dp ton trpng ky cuong, cam ket, hanh ddng theo nguyen tac khdng mau thuan vdi tu duy ddc lap, vdi nang lyc phan bien d ngudi cd van hda cdng nghiep Nin giao due phong kiln khien ngudi hpc trd nen thu ddng, tiep thu mpt each may mdc va chua that dl cao vai trd cua ngudi hpc Ngay nay, hpc sinh dugc xem la trung tam ciia qua trinh day hpc, nang lyc tu duy ddc lap va tinh thin chu dpng cua hpc sinh dugc
de cao Song trong thyc te van cd khdng it hpc sinh lilp thu kiln thuc mpt each thu ddng: chua cd thdi quen cung nhu nang lyc phan tich, giai thich; chua nhieu em san sang tiep thu y tudng mdi cua cac ban hay cd ging tim tdi, cai tien hinh ihirc hoat dpng xa hpi, dean thi
b/ Bieu hien van hda cdng nghiep eua hoc sinh d mat "Trach nhiem xa hdi"
Vc mat na\ cac khia canh cin phan tich chii yiu tap trung vao:
- 1 rach nhiem ciia hgc sinh ddi vdi ban than, ddi vdi cdng viec chung
Trang 9khac;
- Trach nhidm cua hpc sinh ddi vdi moi truong tu nhien xung quanh
Nhin ehung, tu danh gia cua hpc sinh THPT vl trach nhiem xa hoi dat
miic 3 - mirc "trung binh" vdi diem trung binh la 2,96
Ket qua tra loi cho thiy, phin Ion hgc sinh trong miu nghien ciiu da c6
gatig thyc hien cae nhiSm vu vdi kit qud tdt nhit cd fhl, nd luc khing dinh minh,
nhat la khi ed hiing thu hay khi dugc khuyin khieh kip thdi; dam chiu trach nhiem
tnrdc kit qua cdng viec chit khdng trdn tranh, khdng do Idi cho ngudi khac Dd la
bieu hien cua y thirc khing dinh su trudng thanh, khing dinh nhan each ddc lap
eua lira tudi minh Ben canh dd, vin cdn mpt bp phan hpc sinh hay ne tranh trach
nhiem, ehua thyc sy nd lyc dl hoan thanh tdt nhiem vu dugc giao (cd 9/31 - 29%p
sd giao vifin dugc hdi danh gia mat nay cua cae em d mite "it thyc hien" hoac
"chua thyc hien") Dac biet, d m$nh de "Xiu hd khi that bira vdi nguoi khac", da
sd giao vien danh gia la hpc sinh cdn it cd biSu hien nay (17/31 - chiem 54,8%)
Khi tu danh gia ve diem nay, giua hpc sinh ngoai thanh va hpc sinh ngi thanh cd
sy phan hda rd rSt, ty le tra Idi "chua thyc hien" hoSe "thudng xuyen thyc hien" d
hpc sinh ngoai thanh la nhieu ban
Trong trach nhiem xa hdi, thai dp giao tiep, trach nhiem khi hgp tae vdi
ban be, vdi nguiri khac cd y nghTa quan trpng Phan Idn hpc sinh THPT san
sang nhan nhiem vy khi tSp the \6p, chi doan giao phd Da so giao vien cho
rang, trong qua trinh hgp tac (hpc tap, boat ddng tap the ), hpe sinh da
nghiem tiic lam theo hudng dan, tuan thu quy dinh va khdng trdn tranh trach
nhiem Dd la nhttng dieu tdt, dang khuyen khieh Song, ban che cua kha nhieu
em d mat nay la chua biet lang nghe, ehua "chiu nghe het" y kien ciia ngudi
khac, cdn thieu tinh than dau tranh vdi cac hanh vi sai trai trong Idp hpc (12/31
- chiem 38,7% so giao vien dugc hdi danh gia d mire dp "it thyc hien")
Khuyen khieh tinh than, phuong phap phe binh, dau tranh mdt each hieu qua la
viin de ma cac giao vien cd trach nhiem giao due, hudng dan hpc sinh
Ve trach nhiem ddi vdi mdi trudng xung quanh, ket qua ty danh gia ciia
hgc sinh va danh gia eda giao vien la kha quan va kha nhat quan Y thirc "Gitt
gin, chain sdc cay cd, vudn trudng" dugc da sd hgc sinh thuc hien thudng
xuyen Viec "Bao ve mdi trudng sdng, sach se cua trudng, lop" cung dugc cac
em chii y Dac biet, da sd giao vien deu khiing dinh cac em da thyc hien tdt
viec "Bao ve tai san chung ciia lop, cua trudng" Cd mgt ban che d day la
khdng it hgc sinh cdn "Chua chi dgng tham gia" hoac "Chua nhac nhd ban be,
ngudi than cham sdc, giu gin mdi trudng sinh thai d noi cdng cdng" (vdi dilra
irung binh la 2.54 d hpc sinh va 2,68 d giao vien)
TAP CHi TAM Vi HOC, Sd4 (217), 4 - 2017 39
Trang 10diim trung binh thip, la: "Bao ve y kiln, hanh vi dung ciia ban thSn" (DTB = 1,86);
"Bao ve hanh vi dung cua ngudi khac" (DTB = 2,73); "TSp ttung chii y trong khi ndi chuyen vdi ngudi khac" (DTB = 2,21); "Ndi loi "Cam on"/"Xin Idi" khi
cin thiit" (D'TB = 2,78); "Hoan thanh bai i&p vl nha diing thdi ban" (DTB = 2,77)
Kit qua nay ggi nhiiu suy nghT ddi vdi cac nha giao due va cac bSc phy huynh c/ Biiu hien van hda cdng nghiep ciia hoe sinh d mat "Tae tihong cdng nghiep"
Kit qua ty danh gia vl thyc hien cae yeu cau thupc "Tac phong cdng nghiep" cua hpc sinh dat mirc "trung binh" (DTB = 3,05) va dimg thir 3 trong so
4 mat biiu hien eiia van hda cdng nghiep Ciing voi "Tu duy cong nghiep", "Tac phong cdng nghiep" dugc xem la mat bieu hien rat dac trung cua van hda cdng nghiep, cua xa hdi cdng nghiep Ca tac phong cdng nghiep lln tu duy cdng nghiep diu dugc hinh thanh qua qua trinh trai nghiem lau dai trpng boat dpng ciia ca nhan va dugc bieu hien thdng qua eac hoat ddng dd Ddi vdi liia tudi hpc sinh, tac phong cdng nghiep dugc bieu hien qua boat ddng hpe tap, tu duiJng va qua tac phong sinh boat, giao tiep hang ngay
Khia canh dau tien ciia tac phong cdng nghiep g hpc sinh la tinh ky luat trong hpc tap: Gid giac, quy dinh ve thdi gian, quy dinh ve trang phuc, dd diing hpc tap khi den trudng Sd lugng hpe sinh den Idp mudn, mudn gid khi tham gia eac sinh boat tap the la rat h, nhat la doi vdi nhttng trudng cd quy dinh chat che ve gid ddng cdng Da sd hpc sinh thyc hien tdt viee mac ddng phue, deo phil hieu, mang day du tai lieu, dung eu hpe tap khi di hpc khien hau het giao vien khi dugc hdi deu hai Idng Chi mpt sd rat it em cdn qua ty do, "chuong la" irong each tao dau tdc, giiy sir chii y, phan cam
T'ac phong cdng nghiep cdn the hien qua thai dp, each thuc thyc hien cdng viec each irng xir trong qua trinh tuong tac Ve su toan tam toan y hoan thanh tdi cdng viec dugc giao kct qua thu dugc cd khac nhau giira tu danh gia ciia hgc sinh so vdi danh gia ciia giao vien Theo dd, hpe sinh tu nhan mue eao hon, cdn giao vien lai cho ring hgc sinh "it thuc hien" (7/31 - chiim 21,7%)
I uong lu cd 13/31 (chiem 40,3%)) giao vien ndi rang, hpc sinh hay ndi chuyen phicm irong khi lam viee, Thdi qu ;n nay anh hudng tdi dp lap trung tri lyc, tdi khdng khi nghiem tiic ciia boat dgng lap thi
Da sd giao vien nhan xet tdt ve Ihdi quen ciia hpc sinh trong viee sit dung thiet bi dd diing hpc tap theo dung quy trinh ky thuat cung nhu bao ve dd diing phuong tien hpc tap cita ca nhan va ciia Idp Diiu nay ril dang dupe
khieh le bdi v'l tdn trgng qu\ trinh ky thuat lii phim chit quan trpng cita ngudi
CO tac phong cdng nghiep Phan Idn hpc sinh ed ging hoan thanh diing Ihdi