Sự khác biệt về độ tuổi và trạng thái tâm lý trước thi đấu của vận động viên đội tuyển võ cổ truyền tỉnh đồng nai

Sir KHAC BIET VE BO TUOI VA TRANG THAI T A M LY TRir0C THI DAU Le Thj My Hanh*; Mai Hong Phat** Tom tat: Cfng dung bang hoi POMS de do luong trgng thdi tam ly trudc thi d^u cua van dpng

Sir KHAC BIET VE BO TUOI VA TRANG THAI T A M LY TRir0C THI DAU

Le Thj My Hanh*; Mai Hong Phat** Tom tat:

Cfng dung bang hoi POMS de do luong trgng thdi tam ly trudc thi d^u cua van dpng vien (VOV)

Vo c6 truyen D6ng Nai, nghien cu-u da chi ra trgng thai t§m ty truo^c khi thi d l u gi&a 3 nhom tuoi VOV d6i tuyen Vo co tnjyen Oong Nai co su tu-ang d6ng cao, chi mpt so bieu hien c6 si^ khac bi?t

Oay la co sa giup huin luy$n vi§n co dirge su' chuan bj tdt han ve mgt t§m ly cho VOV nham dat

dugc thanh tich cao trong thi dau

TCP khoa: Vo co truy§n Oong Nai, trang th§i tam ly truoc thi dlu, POMS

The difference of age and psychological state before competition of traditional martial

art athletes in Dong Nai province Summary:

Using POMS questionnaire to check psychological state before competition of traditional martial art athletes in Dong Nai province, the research indicates that the psychological state between 3 age group of traditional martial art athletes In Dong Nai province are similar, only some show differ-ences This is the foundation to assist the coach with better psychological preparation for athletes

in order to get good performance in competition

Keywords: Dong Nai traditional martial art, psychological state before competition, POMS _ J

HAT UAN UE

Thi dau the thao la mpt dang hoat dpng dac

biet De gianh chien thang VDV luon phai doi

mat vol nhung kho khan, nhiing cang thang den

ngudng gioi han ca ve tinh thkn va thi chSt

Truoc va trong qua trinh thi ddu VDV de bi

quan, giao dpng khi gap d6i thu manh hon Hg

de bi: "soc" ve tam ly, noi lo au dan den pha vo

ky thuat, sai ikm vi chiin thuat, thiiu tu tin

Ngugc lai, khi manh hem dii thii thi hp thi ddu

mpt each thoai mai, tu tin, ban linh Tuy nhien,

ciing CO thi nay sinh tam ly ehii quan coi thudng

doi thu, tir do c6 sai sot trong ky chiin thuat, tir

tu tin sang mdt binh tTnh, liing tiing, c6 khi din

din that bai khong dang eo Cae vdn di khac

ciing anh huong nhu san nha, san khach, trpng

tai, CO so vat chdt diu co anh huong toi tam ly

Vo c6 truyen la mot mon thi thao thi ddu loai

hire tiip va mang tinh d6i khang cao, ap luc tam

ly cao Trong thi ddu dpng tac biin hoa khong

ngiing, chiin thuat phiic tap, nhiiu dang Diiu

•TS, Trudng Dai hgc TDTT Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh

ftay doi hoi VDV Vo c6 truyin mpt tam ly thi dau on dinh, viing v^ng va tap trung cao dp, dung cam va quyet tam, no luc y chi cao ngay tir trudc thi dau den ket thiic tran ddu Theo cac nha tam ly hpc, ben canh cac yiu t6 khach quan thi 1 yeu to chii quan la dp tu6i eiing co nhung anh hudng khong nho tdi trang thai tam ly hudc thi dau ciia VDV Tuy nhien vdn di nay d cac VDV Vo CO truyen Dong Nai lai chua dugc quan tam nghien ciiu, do vay, van de c6 y nghia khoa hpc va thuc tien cao, ket qua nghien ciiu

la CO sd de HLV co bien phap chuan bi tam ly cho VDV trudc cac cupc thi dau

Trong qua trinh nghien ciiu da su dung cac phuang phap sau:Phuang phap dpc, tong hgp va phan tich tai lieu; Phuang phap khao sat dieu tra bang bang cau hoi; Phuong phap toan thong ke (Tat ca cac s6 lieu dugc tiin hanh xu ly tren may tinh vdi phdn mim SPSS 17.0, bao gim: Phan tich thong ke mo ta (Descriptive Analysis) de phan tich phuong sai, do lech chudn ;)

Viet Nam c6 kho tang vo co truyen vd cung da dang, phong phu va du'p'c dong dao ngu'd'i

dan yeu thich, tham gia tap luyen

Cong cu do lirong: Nghien ciiu nay dung

bang hoi POMS (Profile of mood state) la mpt

bai kiem tra tam ly dugc tao ra bdi MC Nair va

c6ng su (1971) Bang hoi gom 65 cau, 7 thanh

phan mo ta cam xiic ma mpi ngudi c6

Kh^ch thi nghien cihi: G6m 21 VDV dii

0.003<0.05 Trong do, nhom tuoi 16 < 20 tuoi

va nhom >25 tuoi co gia tri trung binh bang nhau ve bieu hien nan chi, nhom tir 20 -25 tuoi

CO bieu hien eao nhat va bieu hien Nan chi thupc thanh phan met moi

- d bieu hien tinh than ban loan cua VDV khang va quyen thuat dpi tuyen Vo eo truyen nhom tuoi tir 16<20 tuoi co gia tri trung binh la Dong Nai

KET QUA NGHIEN ClJfUVA BAN LUAN

Sau khi phan tich thuc trang trang thai tam ly

trudc thi dau ciia VDV Vo Co truyen tinh Dong

Nai Nghien cim tien hanh phan tich sau cac

bieu hien tam ly cua VDV d cae nhom tuoi cua

VDV bang phuang phap phan tich phuang sai

(ANOVA) de kiem dinh gia thuyet trung binh

bang nhau cua cac nhom:

Qua qua trinh tinh toan da thu dugc ket qua

trinh bay d bang 1 nhu sau:

Qua bang 1 cho thay: Trong 40 bieu hien cua

trang thai tam ly trudc thi dau chi co 6 bieu hien

CO sir khac biet giiia cac dp tuoi, eu thi:

- d biiu hien nan chi cua VDV nhom tu6i tir

16<20 tu6i CO gia tri trung binh la x =

1 OOiO.OO; VDV nhom tu6i hi 20-25 tuii eo gia

tri trung binh la x = 1.50 ± 0.71 VDV nhom

tuii tren 25 tuii c6 gia hi ttoing binh la x = 1.00

± 0.00 Su khac biet co y nghia thdng ke d

X = 1.12 ± 0.33; VDV nhom tuoi hi 20-25 tuoi

cd gia tri trung binh la x - 1.50 ± 0.71; VDV nhom tuoi tren 25 tuoi c6 gia tri tnmg binh la x

^ 2.50 ± 0.71 Sir khac biet c6 y nghTa thong ke

d nguong xac suat 95% do gia tri Sig =

O.00KO.05 Trong do, nhom tuii 16<20hi6ic6 gia tri bieu hien thap nhat, nhom tu 20 -25 tuoi

CO bieu hien cao hon va nhom >25 tuoi co bieu hien eao nhat va bieu hien tinh than ban loan thupc thanh phan Cang thang

- Ci bieu hien cau g4t cua VDV nhom tuoi tir 16<20 tuoi CO gia tri trung binh la x = 1.12 ± 0.33; VDV nhom tuoi tir 20-25 tuoi co gia tri trung binh la x - 1.00 ± 0.00; VDV tren 25 hail

CO gia tri trung binh la x = 2.00 ± 0.00 Su khac biet CO y nghia thong ke d ngudng xac suat 95%

do gia hi Sig = 0.004 < 0.05 Trong do nhom tir 20-25 tuoi co bieu hien thap nhat, nhdm tuoi tir 16<20 tuoi c6 bieu hien cao hon va nhom tren

25 tuoi CO bieu hien eao nhat va bieu hien cau

Bang 1 Sip khac bift ve cac bieu hien

trang thai tam ly trifwc thi dau gi&a cac do

tuoi cua VOV Vo CO truyen tinh 06ng Nai

— ,„ _Nh6m tuoi

Bieu tiien " — ^

Cang thing

Nong gign

Nan clii

KhSng phan

khai

Tinh thin

Hoang loan

B6I r6i

Tinh than

ban loan

Cau gat

M^t m6i

Au sau

Tinh than

sung man

Khong the

tgp trung

Ttr tin

Kh5ng yen

tam

BLTC minh

Xuong tinh

than

Oru

Chu dgng

tfch cue

Hoang

mang

Tu16<20

Tie 20-25

Trgn 25

Tu16<20

Tu 20-25

Tren 25

Til 16<20

Tu 20-25

Tren 25

Tu 16<20

Tu 20-25

Tren 25

Tu16<20

Tren 25

Tu 16<20

Tu 20-25

Tren 25

Tir 16<20

TCP 20-25

Tren 25

TU'16<20

Tir 20-25

TrSn 25

Tu16<20

Tren 25

TU 16<20

Til 20-25

Tr§n 25

Tir 16<20

Tir 20-25

Tren 25

Tir 16<20

Tir 20-25

Tren 25

TCP 16<20

TCP 20-25

Tren 25

Tip 16<20

TCP 20-25

1 ren 25

Tip 16<20

TCP 20-25

Iren 25

TCP 16<20

TCP 20-25

Tr§n 25

l u 16<20

1 u 20-25

Tren 25

TCP 16<20

TCP 20-25

Tren 25

rcp16<20

TCP 20-25

rren 25

rCp16<20

TCP 20-25

X

2.12

2 00

2.00

1 12

1.50

1 00

1 50

1.00

1.00

2.00

3 18

3.00

1.18

1.00

1.00

2.00

1.12

2.50

1.12

2.00

2.00

1 24

100

3.12

4.00

1.12

1.50

3.59

5.00

1.76

1.00

1.00

1.18

2.00

2 00

1.12

2 00

4.50

1.41

5

0.49 1.41 0.33

0 71

0 00 0.71 0.53 0.00 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.56

141 0.33

0 71 0.33

0 00 0.00 1.27 1.41 0.44 0.71

0 99 2.83

141

0 33 0.71

0 71 0.71

0 00

0 00 0.00 0.00

0 53

1 41

0 00

0 33 0.00 1.41 0.71 0.62

F 0.07

1219

8 143

2.695

0 833

0.367

1.564

11462

7.514

0

0 634

0.515

1.541

2.845

2.414

0 634

3 055

3 522

1.741

0.032

Sig

0.933

0.319

0.003

0.095

0.451

0.698

0.236

0.001

0.004

1.000

0 542

0 606

0 241

0.084

0.118

0.542

0.072

0.051

0.204

0.969

DCPng ngoi khong yen Buon phien

Sau muon Hung phan

Cokha nang cam giac

De b| kich dpng

M#t moi khong chiu

Vo d^ng Tich cue tap luy$n Cam giac khong chac Chan Hal long

De phat dien

Bat lye Tran day sinh lye TCP hac

1.41 0.94 0.71 0.00 0.71 0.00 0.77 1.41 0.33 0.71 1.18 2.83 0.00 0.00 0.71 1.24 1.41 0.66

0 71 0.47

141 0.00 0.51 2.12 0.70

0 71 0.71 0.99 2.12

141 1.41

Vo CO truyen Vl§t Nam co su'c song rat manh li$t, hien dang

du'p'c phat trien ca trong nwvc va nhieu quoc gia tren the gio-i

- d bieu hien buon phien eua VDV nhdm tuoi

tir 16<20 tuii CO gia tri trung binh la X ^ 1.18 ±

0.39; VDV nhom hi6i tir 20-25 tuii c6 gia tri

trung binh la x - 1.50 ± 0.71; VDV nhom tudi

tren 25 tudi co gia tri tnmg binh la x = 2.50 ±

2.12 Su khac biet co y nghia thdng ke d nguong

xac suAt 95% do gia hi Sig = 0.04K0.05 Trong

do nhom tir 20-25 tudi c6 bieu hien thap nhat,

nhdm tudi tir 16<20 mdi co bieu hien cao hon va

nhdm tren 25 tudi cd bieu hien cao nhat nhat va

bieu hien budn phien thudc thanh phan gian dii

- O bieu hien sau mudn ciia VDV nhdm tudi

tu 16<20 tuoi c6 gia tri tnmg binh la x" = 1.12 ±

0.49; VDV nhdm tudi tu 20-25 tudi cd gia tri

trung binh la x - 2.00 ± 1.41; VDV fren 25 tudi

CO gia tri trung binh lax ^2.50 ±0.71 Sukhac

biet cd y nghia thdng ke d ngudng xac suat 95%)

do gia tri Sig = 0.008<0.O5 Trong do nhdm hidi

tu 16<20 tudi CO bieu hien c6 bieu hien thap

nhat, nhdm tir 20-25 tudi cao hon va nhdm tren

25 tudi ed bieu hien cao nhat va bieu hien sau

mudn thudc thanh phan tram cam

- 6 biiu hien Vo dung cua VDV nhdm tudi

tu 16<20 tudi cd gia tri tnmg binh la IT = 1.12 ±

0.33; VDV nhom tudi tir 20-25 tudi cd gia tri

trung binh la x ^ 2.50 ± 2.12; VDV nhdm tudi

tren 25 mdi co gia tri tmng bmh la JC = 1.50 ±

0.71 Sir khac biet co y nghia thong ke d ngudng

xac sukt 95% do gia hi Sig = 0.023<0.05 Trong

dd nhdm tuoi tir 16<20 mdi cd biiu hien cd biiu

~"~"*^^ nhdm tir 20-25 tudi co bieu

,j~ '"- hien cao nhat va bieu hien

•Hif " " " ^ vd dung thudc thanh phan tram cam

Ngoai 6 bieu hien phan tich tren day con lai cac bieu hien khac ciia trang thai tam

ly trudc van dpng khdng cd

su khac biet du dp tin cay thdng ke can thiet

KET LUAN

Ket qua nghien cuu phan tich cho thay, giiia 3 nhdm tudi cd cac bieu hien nan chi; tinh than ban loan; cau gat; budn phien; sau mudn;

vd dung thudc cac thanh phan met mdi; cang thang; gian dii, tram cdm cd

su khac biet co y nghia thdng ke d ngudng xac suat 95% Co den 34/40 bieu hien khdng cd su khac biet d ngudng xae suSt 95% Tir do cd the ket luan rang trang thai tam ly trudc khi thi dau giiia 3 nhdm tudi ciia VDV dpi tuyen Vo co truyen Ddng Nai cd sir tuong ddng cao

TAI LIEU THAM KHAU

1 Nguyin Toan (2002), Cam nang tu vdn

Tdm ly thi thao, Nxb TDTTT, Ha Npi

2 Trudng DH TDTT I (1999), Tdm ly hpc

trong the thao, Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi

3 Pham Ngpc Viin, Le Van Xem, Mai Van

Mudn, Nguyen Thanh Nii (1991), 7am ly hpc

Thi due thi thao, Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi

4 McNAlR et al (1971), Manual for the

Profile of Mood States San Diego, CA:

Educational and Industrial Testing Service

5 TERRY, R (n.d.) Normative Values for the Profile of Mood State for Use with Athletic Sample

(Bai nop ngay 31/8/2018, Phan bien ngay 21/9/2018, duyet in ngay 25/10/2018 Chju trach nhiem chinh: Le Thj My Hanh Email: myhanh120983@gmail.com)