Trai qua bao thing tram cua lich su, do nhidu cin nguyen khac nhau, die biet la sir anh hudng siu sic cua Nho giao, cua Phit giao va nhung die diem ve dieu kien tu nbidn - van hda - xa h
Trang 1BUOC D A U TIM HIEU MOT SO
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GIAO TIEP CUA NGUOI HUE
Oau Minh Long
Khoa Tdm ly - Gido due, Tnfdng DHSP Hue
1 Dat vain de
Hue - di sin vin hda cua nhan loai, tu liu da trd thanh diem den ha'p din cua du khich trong nudc va qud'c te Hue dep khdng chi bdi nhGng canh sic thien nhien, khdng chi vi nhung ling tim, ddn dai ma Hue cdn quydn ru bdi nhGng ndt ddc dio khic Dd chfnh la vin hda giao tiep cua ngudi Tlue Trai qua bao thing tram cua lich su, do nhidu cin nguyen khac nhau, die biet la sir anh hudng siu sic cua Nho giao, cua Phit giao va nhung die diem ve dieu kien tu nbidn - van hda - xa hdi da lim cho ngudi Hue cd nhGng die trung trong giao tie'p rii rieng, tbim tram, siu lang va kfn dao, khd cd the lin vao bai cG noi nao Nhung dac trung giao tidp dd, xet tren nhieu binh dien khic nhau, nd vGa cd nhung uu diem, vGa cd nhung ban chd nhii dinh
Trong xu the phat tridn, hgi nhap hien nay, viec nghien cGu cic die trung trong giao tiep cua ngudi Hue vua cd y nghia ly luan, vGa cd y nghia thuc tidn Nd se la co sd khoa hgc dd chung ta hieu sau hon vd cich ung xu cua ngudi Hue ndi rieng va con ngudi Hue ndi chung
2 Mgt sd bieu hien dac trung trong giao tiep cua ngudi Hue
Die trung trong giao tidp cd thd dugc xem la nhGng net ridng biet, tieu bieu ve giao tidp, thd hien qua cich ndi ning, xung hd, Gng xu cua mdt ci nhin hoic mdt nhdm ngudi va cd thd phin biet vdi ca nhin khac, nhdm ngudi khic
52 TAP CHI' TAM Ly HOC, Sd 1 (130), 1 - 2010
Trang 2Khi nghidn cuu cac die trung trong giao tidp ciia ngudi Hue chung tdi
tip trung nghien cun bidu hien d cic phuong d.en cu thd nhu ngdn ngG tranc
phuc, cu chi, hinh ddng, trong ddi sdng gia dinh va xa hgi
2.1 Bieu hien a phuang dien ngdn ngu
Ngdn ngG la phuong tien giao tidp quan trgng nhii ciia con ngudi Khi
ndi de'n die trung trong giao tidp cua mgt din tdc, mgt vung midn thi khdng thd
khdng ndi den ngdn ngu Die didm ndi bit cua ngdn ngG ngudi Hue chfnh la su
nhd nhe, le phep Die trung niy dugc bit ngudn tG ydu td tu nhien vi yeu td
lich su - xa hdi Hue, vdi thien nhien tho mdng, sdng nudc hGu tinh Nhd vay,
ngudi Hue thudng nhd nhe trong Idi ndi, trong each Gng xu hang ngiy Ngudi
Hue thudng dung tu "dg, dg thua" nhu mdt tG dem, Idi ndi cua mieng cho viec
xung hd Viec su dung ngdn ngG niy cua ngudi Hud cd thd dugc ly giai tu gdc
do lich su nhu sau: Hue tGng li thu phu cua xG Ding Trong, rdi trd thanh kinh
dd cua dii nudc Ngoai cung cim, Hud cdn nhidu phu de, quan vien, con vua,
chau chGa Vua chua, vdi quydn uy cua minh, khdng can in to ndi Idn, quan
lai khdng dam ndi to trudc dGc vua va tridu thin Chdn kinh ki Idi ndi phai nhd
nhe, tG tdn, cin trgng
Mdt die didm khic, khi die trung cua ngdn ngG ngudi Hue la sir mdc
mac, gian di trong cich xung hd, trong Idi in tidng ndi hing ngiy Cic nhi
ngdn ngG hgc khi phin chia cac phuong ngu cua tidng Viet, tbim chf da coi
'Tieng Line' nhu li mgt phuong ngG rieng, khdng lin vdi bii ky phuong ngG
nio Khi giao tiep, ngudi Hue thudng sir dung cic tu ngG dia phuong nhu md,
te, ring, rua, man, chi, he, bf cung vdi sir chii phic, that thi, tdi bung cua
minh Tii ca nhGng yeu td dd da lam cho ngdn ngG ngudi Hue trd nen nggt
ngao, dam i'm, day sGc quydn rG Idng ngudi
2.2 Bieu Men dphuang dien trang phuc, cu chi, hdnh ddng
Mgt trong nhGng bidu hien die trung khi ddc dio trong giao tidp cua
ngudi Hud dd chfnh la trang phuc Ngudi Hud thudng rii gian di, ft cau ki trong
in mac Didu nay dugc bidu hien d ca ngudi binh din, ci cin bd, trf thuc, cgng
chuc Nhi nudc Ngudi ta thudng ndi, nhin trang phuc doin nhin cich, doin
nghe nghiep, hoan canh Ddi vdi ngudi Hud thi dd qui li mdt viec lim khd
khin
TAP CHI TAMLy HOC, S d l (130), 1-2010 53
Trang 3Ndi den trang phuc cua ngudi Hud, ta khdng thd khdng ndi de'n ta ao dai ciia ngudi phu nu noi day Cung vdi chide ndn Bai tho, ao dai Hue da trd thanh mdt bidu tugng dep cua Cd dd Ve dep diu dang, e le, kin dio cua ngudi phu nG Hud, mdt phin cung do ta i o dai tao nen
Didu lam say dim Idng ngudi khi den Hue ngoai canh sic thien nhien, ngoai Idi ndi nhd nhe, ngoii ta ao tim mdng mO cdn la sU diu dang, doan trang trong cu chi, hanh ddng cua con ngudi noi day Trong giao tie'p, ngudi Hue ludn hidu khich vi coi trgng tinh cam Vi viy, ngudi Hue ludn biet ling nghe y kidn cua ngudi khic, khdng vdi vang, vd vip Trong boat dgng, ngudi Hue rii
tu tdn, didm dam; di dung thi nhe nhang, khoan thai Cung each giao tiep cua ngudi Hue thd bidn d Id nghia, nd ndp, kfnh tren nhudng dudi
2.3 Bieu Men trong ddi sdng gia dinh vd ngodi xd hoi
Gia dinh la td i'm cua mdi ngudi, la noi vun dip tinh yeu thuong, la noi
se chia nhGng vui budn cua ddi sdng thudng nhat Cich c\x xu trong gia dinh cua ngudi Hue thd hien siu sic cic die trung trong Gng xu cua hg O Hue cd
nhieu gia dinh sdng theo kidu "Tam dai ddng dudng", "TG dai ddng dudng" Nghia li ba, bdn the he sdng dudi mgt mai nha chung, rai dim i'm, hda thuin
Dd la bidu hien tfnh miu muc cua gia dinh truyen thd'ng
Trong gia dinh, ngudi Hue sdng cd trdn cd dudi, ngudi nhd hon phii
nghe Idi ngudi Idn hon Bidu hien rd nhii la Id nghi "di thua, ve trinh" Nd da
trd thinh ndp sdng, thinh tiem thuc cua ngudi Hue Vi hanh phuc gia dinh ma ngudi Hud ludn chgn cho minh mdt cich sdng rieng, ngudi nhd hon thi nhin nhin ngudi Idn hon thi miu muc, mgi ngudi ludn nhudng nhin nhau, cd bet sGc
dd giu cho gia dinh hoa thuin, i'm dm Giao due gia dinh rii dugc ngudi Hue dd cao va thuc td diy la ydu td rii quan trgng trong viec hinh thanh, phit tridn nhin cich cua con ngudi noi diy Gin nhu tii ca cac Id nghi, cac each thGc sdng, ung xu cua ngudi Hue ddu dugc giao due ngay trong gia dinh Nhd viy
ma trong giao tidp, Gng xu, ngudi Hue thudng cd y thuc tdi ve nhGng vice nen lam vi khdng nen lim, nhGng didu nen ndi va khdng nen ndi; cGng nhu each ung xir vdi tung mdi quan he cu thd giGa anh vdi em cha me vdi con chdng vdi vg
3 Ket luan
54 TAP CHI' TAM Ly HOC Sd 1 (130), 1 - 2010
Trang 4Mdi dan tdc, mdi vGng midn deu cd nhung die trung ridng vd giao tie'p,
Gng xu Ngudi Flue, vdi tii ca cac cin nguyen rieng cua minh da tao ra nhGng
die trung rai rieng ve giao tidp va Gng xir NhGng die trung dd dugc the hien
thdng qua each ndi nang nhd nhe Id phep, thdng qua cich su dung trang phuc
kfn dao, gian di, thdng qua viec giG gin cac chuan muc cua gia dinh truydn
thdng hay la su chit che trong ddi sdng cdng ddng Trong xu the phat tridn,
ddi mdi chung cua dii nudc, nhung die trung dd la net dep, la ban sic rieng cin
dugc gin giG, phit huy
Tren diy chi li nhGng bidu hien budc diu vd die trung giao tidp cua
ngudi Hue Vi'n dd nay cin dugc nghien cGu siu va cd he thdng hon, cGng nhu
tG nhidu gdc do khic nhau Cd nhu viy chung ta mdi hieu dugc day du vd giao
tidp va con ngudi xG Hue
Tai lieu tham khao
1 Duong Van An (1961), O Chdu can luc Van boa A Chau, Sai Gon
2 Phan Thuan An (1988), Mat sd di tich lich sif vdn hda tgi Thitdn An, Van hoa Binh
Tri Thien
3 Vuong Huu Ld (1992), Cdc dgc diem ngil dm ciia tieng Hue, Thong tin khoa hoc va
cong nghe Hue'
4 Hoang Phe (chu bien) (2006), Tif dien Tieng Viet, Nxb Da Ning
5 Nhieu tie gia (1998), Cd dd Hue Dep vd Tha, Nxb Thuan Hoa, Hue
TAP CHI'TAMLy HOC, Sd 1 (130), 1 -2010 -''^