GRADUATE-STUDENT-HANDBOOK-2015-2016

Information concerning these Examinations can be obtained from the Graduate Studies Office at Case Western Reserve University 216-368-4390, or http://www.ets.org/gre/ Applications for a

Case Western Reserve University Department of Chemistry

INFORMATION FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS IN CHEMISTRY

2015-2016

Preface

This booklet presents information needed by the graduate students in the Department of Chemistry It is written by the Graduate Affairs Committee and revised annually The Chair of the Graduate Affairs Committee would appreciate receiving suggestions for revisions of the booklet

Questions not answered in this booklet should be directed to June Ilhan, Graduate Affairs, Clapp Hall 212, (216) 368-5030 e-mail: june.ilhan@case.edu

The rules and regulations presented here are not meant to be inflexibly administered Students may petition for waiver Petitions must be in writing and should be submitted to the Graduate Affairs Committee via the Graduate Affairs Office, Clapp Hall 212

In addition to the material in this booklet, graduate students should become thoroughly familiar with the rules of the School of Graduate Studies in the General Bulletin of the University

The Department of Chemistry, Graduate Affairs Committee for 2015-2016 consists of:

Michael Zagorski (mxz12) (Chair, Graduate Affairs Committee)

Carlos Crespo (cxc302) (Graduate Affairs Committee Member)

Malcolm Kenney (mek9) (Graduate Affairs Committee Member)

Anthony Pearson (ajp4) (Graduate Affairs Committee Member)

Genevieve Sauvé (gxs244) (Graduate Affairs Committee Member)

Rajesh Viswanathan (rxv69) (Graduate Affairs Committee Member)

Mary D Barkley (mdb4) (Chair, Department of Chemistry) ex officio

John Protasiewicz (jdp5) (Associate Chair, Department of Chemistry) ex officio

Rev 8/2015

1 Time Requirements and Limitations - Program of Study for the Ph.D 10

3 Course Distribution Requirements for the Ph.D 10

7 Ph.D Qualifying Oral Examination

a Content of Examination

b Criteria for Evaluation of the Oral Examination

c Report of Ph.D Qualifying Oral Examination

d Appointment of Ph.D Qualifying Oral Committees

e Scheduling of the Ph.D Qualifying Oral Examination

9 Annual Meeting of Student with Committee Chair 15

11 Research Plan for Industrial Leave of Absence Students 16

C Requirements for the Master of Science (See University General Bulletin) 17

1 Time Limitation and Continuity of Registration Requirement 17

d Part-time Graduate Study (see section A 15) 19

3 Obtaining Supplies from the Department Stockroom 20

INFORMATION FOR GRADUATE STUDENTS IN CHEMISTRY

The Chemistry Department offers graduate programs leading to the degrees of Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy Only full-time graduate students are admitted to the doctoral program and the Master's degree program with thesis Graduate work may be carried out on a part-time basis for the Master's degree without thesis (course-work Master's) A course-work Master's degree program may be converted to a program for the doctorate or thesis Master's with the approval of the Chemistry Graduate Affairs Committee Thesis research may be undertaken only by full-time graduate students

For on-line application forms for graduate study in the Department of Chemistry call or write:

Graduate Affairs Department of Chemistry Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH 44106-7078 Telephone: (216) 368-5030 FAX: (216) 368-3006 e-mail: june.ilhan@case.edu

1 Admission Graduates with strong records (usually as chemistry majors) from universities and colleges of recognized standing are admitted selectively to graduate study in the Department of Chemistry Applicants for admission are required to take the GRE Subject and Verbal, Quantitative, and Advanced Chemistry Tests of the Graduate Record Examination Information concerning these Examinations can be obtained from the Graduate Studies Office at Case Western Reserve University (216-368-4390), or http://www.ets.org/gre/

Applications for admission to graduate work in chemistry should be submitted at least several months in advance of the start of the semester in which the student expects to begin graduate study See Section A-4 for information concerning application for graduate appointments carrying stipends

2 Placement Examinations Upon matriculation each entering graduate student takes three placement examinations covering undergraduate level subject matter in: 1) Inorganic Chemistry, 2) Organic Chemistry, and 3) Physical Chemistry The grades on the placement examinations are not made a part of the student's transcript

One purpose of these examinations is to evaluate a student's background and ability so that a program of graduate study can be planned to his or her best advantage Depending on the outcome of the placement exams taken during the orientation period, students may enroll in advanced undergraduate (300 level) courses Upon petition 300 level courses may be applied to course work requirements for graduate degrees in chemistry The second purpose of these examinations is that it provides one mechanism for establishment of the departmental competency requirement (see Section B-2)

The three placement examinations, which are standardized American Chemical Society (ACS)

examinations, are given during the week preceding the beginning of the academic semester in the Fall

The Department will issue an announcement concerning the date, time, and place of these examinations

to all new graduate students before the start of the fall semester

3 Tuition and Fees See the General Bulletin of Case Western Reserve University for information

on tuition and fees http://www.case.edu/finadmin/controller/bursar.htm

4 Appointments First-year Chemistry Graduate Assistants receive a monthly stipend plus full

tuition Assistants are required to participate in the undergraduate instructional program to the extent of

20 contact hours per week This assignment fulfills the departmental requirement of 12 contact hours of

teaching for the Ph.D degree Students are required to perform to the satisfaction of the course

instructors in order to maintain good standing in receiving teaching fellowships Failure to do so will

lead to disciplinary actions as decided by the course instructor and the Chair of the Graduate Committee

Continuing Graduate Assistants with no mandatory teaching duties (i.e., those supported by grants or

contracts) receive a monthly stipend plus full tuition

Those continuing Graduate Assistants (i.e not first years) who are supported by the Department

have teaching assignments of nine (9) contact hours per week They receive a regular monthly stipend

and full tuition

For the summer months, June 1 through August 31, most students will hold research

appointments A few teaching appointments will also be available

Stipends and tuition for Graduate Assistants will have federal, state and local taxes withheld

FICA taxes are also withheld for those not enrolled in a class

Graduate students holding appointments in the Department shall not hold any other type of

appointment or employment simultaneously on or off campus, or take courses at another college or

university without the written permission of the Department Requests for such permission should be

directed to the Chair of the Graduate Affairs Committee

Ordinarily, the appointment for a graduate student that is administered by the Department may be

renewed to a maximum of four years provided the student's progress is satisfactory as judged on the

basis of course grades, research, oral qualifying examination, cumulative examination scores, and how

satisfactorily the student fulfills the teaching and/or research responsibilities of his/her appointment

Graduate students will usually be notified concerning the renewal of their appointments by June 1st of

each year following the annual review of the progress of all graduate students (see Section A-14)

Graduate students with strong academic records are encouraged to apply for various fellowships

which are available on a national competitive basis (e.g., National Science Foundation) The deadline

for the submission of applications depends on the fellowship

5 Participation in Undergraduate Instruction Teaching is an important part of graduate education Therefore, all graduate students are required to assist in undergraduate instruction for a cumulative total

of 12 contact hours as part of the requirement for the Ph.D (A contact hour consists of one hour per week of teaching for a semester.) This Ph.D requirement will usually be fulfilled by full-time graduate students during the first academic year of graduate study Students who have done teaching in English at another university while working on a Master's degree may petition the Graduate Committee to waive up

to 6 hours of this 12 hour requirement

Graduate students will be informed by email of their assignments in undergraduate instruction or related work Graduate students are encouraged to indicate their preference of assignment on the Teaching Preference Form which will be sent out before the assignments are made Ultimately, it is the responsibility of each student to find out his or her teaching assignment before classes start, especially if the student does not receive a teaching assignment two days before classes begin Furthermore, the graduate student's performance in undergraduate instruction will be evaluated at the end of each semester

by the faculty member responsible for the undergraduate activity The evaluation is available to the student upon request and will be taken into account in making the annual awards (in the spring) to graduate students for outstanding contributions to undergraduate instruction Good performance will be rewarded, whereas poor performance may place the student in poor standing and will be noted by the Graduate Affairs Committee This may place the student in poor standing within the graduate program

Chemistry graduate students may participate as tutors in the University tutorial program for up to

a maximum of six (6) hours a week provided they have the approval of their research adviser, the instructor of the tutee's course, and the Department Chair

6 Schedule Chemistry Graduate Assistants are limited to registration for nine (9) semester hours during the Fall and Spring semesters and one semester hour during the Summer Session To be classified as a full-time student by the School of Graduate Studies, a student usually must be registered for nine (9) semester hours during each semester of the academic year All students are financially responsible for any extra credit hours that are taken beyond the limit set by the department (for teaching assistants) or research advisors (for research assistants)

7 Orientation Program for New Graduate Students All full-time first-year graduate students are required to attend an orientation program which begins approximately one week before the start of fall-semester classes and includes the placement examinations (see Section A.2) Incoming students are notified of the orientation schedule by email in advance

8 Course program The graduate course program of the Chemistry Department follows the semester system in which the fall and spring semesters are each of 14 weeks in length (excluding recesses) followed by a final examination period of one week

During the Fall and Spring semesters of the first year, full-time chemistry graduate students will take 9 semester hours of course work per semester selected from the following group:

Fall Semester

Chem 406 Chemical Kinetics and Dynamics (3 credit hours)

Chem 410 Instrumental Analytical Chemistry (3 credit hours)

Chem 412 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry I (3 credit hours)

Chem 421 Advanced Organic Chemistry I (3 credit hours)

Chem 428 Introductory Biochemistry (3 credit hours)

Chem 435 Synthetic Methods in Organic Chemistry (3 credit hours)

Chem 436 Complex Molecular Synthesis (3 credit hours)

Chem 446 Quantum Mechanics and Computational Chemistry (3 credit hours)

Chem 605 Chemistry Colloquium (1 credit hour) (see Section A.9)

Spring Semester

Chem 407 Chemical Thermodynamics and Statistical Thermodynamics (3 credit hours)

Chem 413 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry II (3 credit hours)

Chem 422 Advanced Organic Chemistry II (3 credit hours)

Chem 425 Physical Methods for Determining Organic Structure (3 credit hours)

Chem 429 Chemical Aspects of Living Systems (3 credit hours)

Chem 450 Molecular Spectroscopy (3 credit hours)

Chem 502 Special Topics in Inorganic Chemistry (3 credit hours)

Chem 605 Chemistry Colloquium (1 credit hour) (see Section A.9)

After the first academic year primary emphasis in graduate work for the Ph.D is on research Graduate students will take one or two advanced graduate courses during each semester of the second year Graduate students working for either the Ph.D or Master's degree in the Chemistry Department usually do not take a minor outside the Department They are encouraged to take courses in other departments when these courses are relevant to the students’ professional interests and particularly their thesis research However, four of their courses must be in the Chemistry Department Course semester-hour requirements for the Master's degree are designated under Master's Degree Requirements For the Ph.D degree, students entering with a Master’s degree need 23 coursework hours of which 12 must be letter graded Students entering with a Bachelor’s degree need 36 coursework hours of which 24 must be letter graded Chem 601 (Graduate Research) is a pass/fail course and can be counted toward the total requirement of 23 or 36 coursework hours Students then need 18 hours of Chem 701 (Graduate Research) Once Chem 701 is begun, the student must enroll for 701 until graduation

9 Colloquia and Seminars An important part of graduate study is attendance and participation in colloquia and seminars The Chemistry Department Colloquium, listed as Chem 605 (0 credits) is held every week during the Fall and Spring semesters and includes the Frontiers in Chemistry Lectures which are held in place of the weekly Chemistry Colloquia over several weeks in the Fall and Spring semesters Speakers in the colloquium series are chemists of national stature, mostly from outside the Cleveland area All full-time first-year chemistry graduate students are required to register for Chem 605 during the Fall and Spring semesters and to attend the lectures Chem 605 also includes a one-hour class meeting each week where the preceding and upcoming lectures are discussed All graduate students are very strongly encouraged to attend colloquia Graduate students are also encouraged to attend other lectures and seminars in areas of chemistry corresponding to their fields of specialization The colloquia

and seminars also prove helpful to graduate students in preparing for the cumulative examinations (See Section B.5.)

10 Registration for Research Work Research may be undertaken with the approval of the graduate student's adviser (see Section A-11) under the listing Chem 601, Graduate Research or Chem 701, Ph.D Dissertation Research

Students pursuing a Master's degree with a thesis (Plan A) take Chem 65l, Thesis (M.S.), but should keep in mind that semester-hours for Chem 65l cannot be credited toward a Master's degree with course work only (Plan B) (see M.S Degree Requirements, Section C)

11 Advisers The Chair of the Graduate Affairs Committee serves an adviser for new full-time students and continue in this capacity until the selection of a faculty member as a research adviser has been approved by the Chemistry Graduate Affairs Committee and Department Chair The choice of a research adviser is extremely important and should be made only when a student has become well acquainted with the faculty and research work in progress in the Department Refer to the Department of Chemistry’s departmental website for descriptions of faculty research interests http://www.case.edu/artsci/chem/faculty/ Following a series of brief research presentations by the faculty, first-year graduate students are required to interview at least five faculty members before indicating their preferences for a research adviser Each full-time first-year graduate student will then complete a Research Adviser Selection Form indicating his or her preferences of thesis adviser during November of his/her first year The form must be signed by each faculty member with whom the student discusses research interests

The Research Adviser Selection Form is obtained from the Chemistry Office of Graduate Affairs (Clapp 212) and should be returned to that office The Chemistry Department Chair, considering the recommendations of the Chemistry Graduate Affairs Committee and Faculty at large, will give final approval to the selection of research advisers and notify the student by early December, subject to approval by the faculty member selected as thesis adviser The research adviser, once selected, is responsible for guidance in the student's selection of courses, in research, and in meeting degree requirements

In situations where a chemistry graduate student selects a research adviser outside the Department of Chemistry (or if the adviser leaves the Department), the Chair of the Graduate Affairs Committee will play a more active role in guiding the student by means most appropriate to the particular situation Several faculty members also serve as advisers to all part-time graduate students in matters of course selection and schedules

An advanced graduate student who wishes to change research advisers will follow the same procedure used by a new student selecting their first adviser The student should first meet with the Chair of the Graduate Affairs Committee to explain the reason for requesting such change

12 Research Notes and Data All research notebooks and various forms of recorded data obtained as part of the thesis research are to be left with the thesis adviser upon termination of the research Students are urged to make carbon copies of all notes and data which they may want to retain

13 Grades and Quality Point Average The following grades are used for courses for graduate credit:

P/NP (for 601) (not counted in quality point average)

S - Satisfactory (for 651 or 701) (not counted in quality point average)

U - Unsatisfactory (for 651 or 701) (no credit toward degree)

W - Withdraw without grade (no credit toward degree)

Z - Instructor did not turn in a grade

CHEM 601 (Graduate Research) is assigned the grades of P (Pass) or NP (No Pass) CHEM 651 (Thesis - M.S.) and CHEM 701 (Dissertation Research) are assigned the grades of S (Satisfactory) or

U (Unsatisfactory) (A letter grade is never given for CHEM 601, 651, or 701.) A grade of NP or U will result in a review of the student's work and the factors impeding his or her progress in thesis research in order to establish whether the prospects for completion of degree requirements justify continuation of a graduate appointment in the Department This review will be conducted by the Department Graduate Affairs Committee with the help of the Ph.D Oral Qualifying Committee and the thesis adviser, and will

be carried out as soon as possible after the award of the unsatisfactory grade (usually one month)

The grade of I (Incomplete) may be given for a course when, in the opinion of the course instructor, there are valid reasons for the failure of a student to complete the work of a course before the end of the grading period In order to receive credit for a course marked I, the student must complete the work by the date specified by the instructor but not later than the end of the next regular semester (Fall

or Spring) in which the student is enrolled If the student fails to remove the Incomplete within the specified time, he or she forfeits the privilege of completing the course for credit and the grade becomes

a permanent I unless the instructor elects to give the grade of U

The grade of W will be given if a student officially withdraws from a course two calendar weeks after the start of a semester A student after consultation with the appropriate dean may withdraw from a course not later than the end of the 11th week of the semester and receive a grade of W After this date,

a student who withdraws from a course normally will receive a grade of F unless, in the judgment of the Dean of Graduate Studies, there are valid reasons for recording the grade of W Students will be permitted to change their registration in a course from credit to audit (AD) only during the first two calendar weeks of the semester (the drop/add period) According to Graduate School rules, a student who receives a grade of U in CHEM 651 or 701 will be placed on probation and must remove himself/herself from probation within one year to continue graduate study Removal from probation will require repetition of the number of hours that received the U until the acceptable grade of S is attained

The School of Graduate Studies and the Department of Chemistry set additional standards for the maintenance of good standing Specifically, a student shall be separated from the University if he or she fails to achieve a grade-point average of at least 2.25 after one semester, 2.50 after two semesters, or 2.75 after four semesters of full-time graduate study (excluding summers)

In order to be awarded the degree of Master of Science, the University regulations require that a minimum quality point average of 2.75 be maintained The requirement for the Ph.D degree is 3.0

14 Review of Student's Progress The progress of graduate students who are encountering difficulty will be reviewed by the Department Graduate Affairs Committee For students involved in thesis research and past their first year, the Department Graduate Affairs Committee will consult with the student's research adviser and the Chairman of the Ph.D Dissertation Advisory Committee If a student's progress is evaluated as unsatisfactory, he or she may be put on probation by action of the Chemistry Graduate Affairs Committee This probationary status may carry a reduction in stipend The student will receive a statement from the Department Graduate Affairs Committee as to the outcome of this evaluation if it involves his or her being put on probation

In carrying out this evaluation, the Chairman of the Ph.D Dissertation Advisory Committee , and

in some instances the entire Committee, may wish to meet with the student, particularly in the case of students in their third year or longer of full-time graduate work in the Department

15 Part-time Graduate Study in Chemistry The following features of the graduate program in chemistry should be noted by part-time students:

a The Department accepts part-time students working for the Master's degree (Plan B, see

Section C) but not for the doctorate The first year of course work for the Master's and doctorate are essentially the same Consequently, a graduate may start work on a part-time basis and then transfer to work for the Ph.D upon approval by the Department

b Research under Chem 601 (Graduate Research), Chem 651 (Th M.S.) and Chem 701

(Dissertation, Ph.D.) may be initiated only by full-time graduate students Only the Master's degree under Plan B (course work only, see Section C) can be obtained entirely

on a part-time basis

B REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY

The degree of Doctor of Philosophy is awarded to those students who demonstrate a mastery of subject matter at an advanced level and the ability to carry out original and fundamental research The Master's degree is not a prerequisite, although some students choose to obtain this degree in the course

of their doctorate work, particularly if their graduate study is likely to be interrupted (See Section C, requirements for the Master of Science Degree.) Graduate students may start graduate course work in the Department as non-resident students and subsequently transfer to resident status to work for the Ph.D upon approval by the Department Graduate Affairs Committee

1 Time Requirements and Limitations on the Program of Study for the Ph.D The rules of the + Graduate School specify that ordinarily a minimum of three full academic years or the equivalent past

the bachelors degree are required for the Ph.D The time normally needed to complete the Ph.D

requirements in chemistry is four to five full years (including summers) starting from the baccalaureate

level The Graduate School ordinarily expects graduate students to take a minimum of 36 coursework

credit hours See Section B.3 regarding transfer of graduate course credit

According to Graduate School rules, all requirements for the Ph.D must be completed within a

total period of five consecutive calendar years after a student is admitted to Candidacy (see Section B.3),

including periods of leaves of absence Students whose leaves of absence are for duty in the Armed

Services, however, will have the time limitation extended by their period of service A student who fails

to complete the requirements within five years must be formally re-admitted as a full-standing student in

order to continue his or her studies for the degree and must submit a petition to the Graduate School

Council through the Graduate Dean for permission to do so

2 Competency Requirements All students must score a minimum of 70 percentile in the ACS

standardized examinations in organic, inorganic, and physical (overall) chemistry, respectively These

exams are given during the first two days of orientation week in August A different set of standardized

exams will be given following the end of finals in the fall and in the spring Alternatively, students may

satisfy the competency requirement by scoring a B or better in a graduate level course in that area of

chemistry Students are expected to have demonstrated competency in all three areas of chemistry by the

end of the first year, and cannot be considered for advancement to Ph.D candidacy until they do so

3 Course Distribution Requirement for the Ph.D A minimum of 18 semester-hours of graded

graduate course credit is a requirement for admission to Ph.D Candidacy, as specified in Section B.5

Within or beyond this course work, each doctoral student is required to pass with a grade of A or B at

least one or two approved graduate-level course each from three of the five chemistry areas listed below

Grades of A or B in courses taken to fulfill the competency requirement can simultaneously satisfy the

distribution requirement Of the graduate level lecture courses (a minimum of six) which must be taken

for a grade, four of your overall courses must be in the Chemistry Department

CHEM 421 (Advanced Organic I) CHEM 412 (Advanced Inorganic I)

CHEM 422 (Advanced Organic II) CHEM 413 (Advanced Inorganic II)

CHEM 425 (Physical Methods for Determining Organic Structure) CHEM 415 (Group Theory and Crystallography)

CHEM 428 (Introductory Biochemistry) CHEM 479 (Crystallography)

CHEM 429 (Chemical Aspects of Living Systems) CHEM 502 (Metal Ions in Biological Systems)

CHEM 435 (Synthetic Mehods)

CHEM 436 (Complex Molecular Synthesis)

PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY

CHEM 406 (Kinetics and Dynamics) CHEM 445 (Electrochemistry I)

CHEM 407 (Thermodynamics and Statistical Themodynamics) CHEM 511 (Electrochemistry II)

CHEM 446 (Quantum Mechanics and Computation) CHEM 450 (Molecular Spectroscopy)

BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

CHEM 428 (Introductory Biochemistry) ECHE 462 (Chemical Reaction Engineering)

CHEM 429 (Chem.Aspects of Living Systems) ECHE 465 (Catalysis)

CHEM 430 (Adv Methods in Structural Biology I) EMAC 470 (Polymer Synthesis)

BIOC 407 (Biochemistry) EMAC 472 (Physical Chemistry of Polymers)

BIOC 434 (Enzymes and Proteins) EMSE 401 (Transformation of Metals and Alloys) BIOC 486 (Protein Structure & Folding) EMSE 402 (Glassy State)

BIOC 412 (Phys Properties Biomacromol.)

4 Program of Study An official Planned Program of Study is required for each graduate student by the end of the second semester See the Graduate Affairs Coordinator for a copy of this form Also, follow the directions below for creating your program of study on the SIS, Student Information System This is required by the School of Graduate Studies http://www.case.edu/gradstudies/current/study.html

SUBMISSION PROCESS

Visit the Learning Resources: Student Information System Manuals and Guides webpage:

http://www.case.edu/projects/erp/learning/sisguides.html

to download a quick reference guide to a training manual on creating a planned program of study

Submit your PPOS via the Student Information System: http://www.case.edu/erp/sis

5 Transfer of Credit Transfer of credit toward the doctorate is limited to graduate-level courses taken in excess of degree requirements at the other university and must be approved by the student's adviser, the Department Graduate Committee, and the Dean of Graduate Studies Such courses must have been taken within five years of matriculation at Case Western Reserve University and passed with grades of B or better No credit for the doctoral dissertation may be transferred from another university All requests for transfer of credit should be made in writing to the Chairman of the Graduate Affairs Committee Transfer of credit forms can be obtained online or see June Ilhan, Clapp Hall 212

6 Admission to Candidacy for the Ph.D Admission to Candidacy signifies that the student has been judged intellectually qualified and basically prepared to earn the Ph.D degree by completing a suitable research problem and writing a dissertation In accordance with the regulations of the School of Graduate Studies, the decision of the Department to admit a student to Ph.D candidacy is ordinarily made no later than one month after the completion of 36 semester-hours of graduate study, interpreted as

4 semesters (excluding summers) for full-time graduate students entering the Department with B.A or B.S degrees The 36 semester hours must include at least 18 hours of formal course work (i.e., six 3-credit hour courses) and two hours of Colloquium A student denied admission to Candidacy may not undertake further study for the doctoral degree in the Department of Chemistry Such a student may continue studies toward the M.S degree with the recommendation of the Qualifying Oral Examination Committee and the Dean of Graduate Studies

The following requirements must be satisfied for a student to be admitted to Ph.D Candidacy in Chemistry: (1) an unconditional grade of Pass on the Ph.D Qualifying Oral Examination, (2) the acquisition of at least 5 points on Cumulative Examinations, (3) a cumulative grade-point average for at least 18 semester-hours of graduate-level formal classroom courses of 2.75 or above, and (4) satisfaction

of competency and course distribution requirements Grades in Chem 507, 508 (Special Readings in