Moving-In-Through-and-Out-of-the-SI-Leader-Experience-2016-International-Conference-on-SI

James Eller Cas e Wes tern Res erve Univers ityMoving In, Through, and Out of the SI Leader Experience The 9th International Conference on Supplemental Ins truction SI... To addres s t

James Eller Cas e Wes tern Res erve Univers ity

Moving In, Through, and Out of the SI

Leader Experience

The 9th International Conference

on Supplemental Ins truction (SI)

The Problem Educators , employers , parents , and s tudents

Ins titutional concerns about:

- Accreditation, image, and learning outcomes

(Henning, 2012)

To addres s thes e problems by des cribing outcomes as s ociated with how s tudents

experience their roles as SI leaders

Us e Schlos s berg’s (1981) Trans ition Theory as

a lens to reveal characteris tics of how

s tudents trans ition from their roles as

s tudents to peer educators

Research Question

How do s tudents move in, through, and out of

the SI leader experience at a mid- s ized,

private res earch univers ity located in the

Midwes tern United States ?

Schlossberg’s Transition Theory

- unders tanding how s tudents develop as a number of factors occur s imultaneous ly

- trans ition is “an event or non- event that res ults in change in as s umptions and thus requires a

corres ponding change in one’s behavior and

relations hips ”

- trans itions impact people—roles , relations hips ,

routines , and as s umptions

- 4 S’s , factors that influence how a pers on copes with trans ition—s ituation, s elf, s upports , and s trategies

Supplemental Instruction (SI)

Educational Services for Students

is our academic support department

at CWRU

Literature Review

Martin & Wilcox (1996)

- SI leaders have reported developing leaders hip and

communications s kills as well as improved academic competency

Lockie & Van Lanen (2008)

- appreciation for the divers ity of s tudent learning s tyles

- increas ed unders tanding of cours e material

- greater s elf- cons cious nes s as a learner

- development of clos er relations hips with faculty

- application of SI s trategies in other cours es

- importance and value of collaborative learning

Literature Review

Hurley, McKay, Scott, & James (2003)

- experience generally pos itive and a good review

of material

Donelan & Kay (1998)

- improved communication and pres entation s kills

- increas e in own unders tanding of cours e material

- getting to know other s tudents , facilitating group

activities , helping others learn

Literature Review

Congos & Mack (2005)

- valued the pos itive academic impact on s tudents

- valued the adulation they received from s tudents

Wallace (1992)

- SI leaders performed better academically

- enhanced integration of s tudy s kills and the

trans ferability of learning

Literature Review

Stone, Jacobs , & Hayes (2006)

- enhanced relations hips with s tudents , faculty, and other

SI leaders

- developed a deeper unders tanding of content

- formed better s tudy s trategies

- developed leaders hip s kills and received expos ure to

teaching

Latino & Unite (2012)

- benefit from academic s kills enhancement

Literature Review

Smuts (2002)

- final- year law s tudents developed a s ens e of pers onal

adequacy, improved communication, relations hip building, citizens hip, and workplace s kills

- helped improve their own grades

Goodlad & Hirs t (1989)

- increas ed unders tanding of, and interes t in, learning and

the teaching profes s ion

- pers onal growth, increas ed confidence and s ens e of

s elf- fulfillment

Literature Review

Stout & McDaniel (2006)

- s upport findings of Smuts (2002) and Lockie and Van Lanen (2008) and add

- SI leaders report improved communication

- relations hip building s kills

- enhanced pers onal and profes s ional

development.

Case Western Reserve University

- Es t in 1826 in Cleveland, Ohio on 185 acres

- 5,100 undergraduate, and 6,200 graduate and profes s ional s tudents repres enting all 50 s tates and 86 countries

- 68% engineering, math, and s ciences ; 32% management, liberal arts , or

undecided

- Graduated our larges t clas s this year with 2,100 graduate and

undergraduate s tudents

Case Western Reserve University

- SI in place s ince mid- 1980’s

- Support 24 cours es during fall and s pring s emes ters

- Average 32 SI leaders in fall

s emes ter and 24 in s pring

- Phenomenological res earch des ign and

methods (Mous takas , 1994)

- Combination of purpos eful criterion, purpos eful intens ity, and maximum variation s ampling

- Data collected via,

- Ques tionnaires

- Interviews

- Focus groups

Participants (co- res earchers )

Timothy Biology, Chemistry, Engineering, Physics 9 semesters

Matthew Chemistry, Engineering, Physics 4 semesters

Graduate/Professional Student Undergraduate Student Employed

* Names listed are pseudonyms.

Stage of Transition and Factors Themes

Moving In (situation, self)

Experience with Peer Education Academic Success

Personality Traits Personal Interests

Moving Through (supports)

Support from SI Team Members Preparedness

On the Job Training Time Commitment/ Management

Moving Out (strategies)

Interpersonal Benefits Intrapersonal Benefits Appreciation of Teaching and Learning Campus Connectedness

Significance of Findings for Parents and Students :

- demonstrate additional value of a college experience in view

of rising costs

Significance of Findings for Higher Education Profes s ionals :

- c an aid in justifying dedicating resources to SI and

similar programs

- contribute positively to institutional image

- meet/ maintain accreditation criteria

Significance of Findings for Potential Employers of College Graduates :

- demonstrate quality of learning and competencies

Future Res earch Recommendations

- Studies that encompas s multiple s ites , SI

program models and SI leader preparation methods to improve generalizability

- Longitudinal s tudies that follow SI leaders

beyond their SI experience to identify additional s kills and competencies

Thank You

Moving In, Through, and Out of the SI

Leader Experience

James Eller Cas e Wes tern Res erve Univers ity

Arum, R (2013) Stakeholder and public res pons es to meas uring s tudent learning Society, 50(3), 230- 235 doi:10.1007/ s 12115- 013- 9648- y

Congos , D & Mack, A (2005) Supplemental ins truction’s impact in two fres hman chemis try clas s es :

Res earch, modes of operation, and anecdotes Research & Teaching in Developmental Education, 21(2),

43-64 Retrieved from http:/ / www.ebs cohos t.com

Donelan, M., & Kay, P (1998) Supplemental ins truction: Students helping s tudents ’ learning Law Teacher,

32(3), 287–299

Doyle, W (2011) The return of the overeducated American? Change, 43(4), 55- 58

doi:10.1080/ 00091383.2011.589780

Goodlad, S & Hirs t, B (1989) Peer tutoring: A guide to learning by teaching.London: Kogan Page

Henning, G (2012) Leveraging s tudent engagement for s tudent and ins titutional s ucces s About Campus,

17(4), 15- 18 doi:10.1002/ abc.21088

Hurley, K., McKay, D., Scott, T., & James , B (2003) The s upplemental ins truction project: Peer- devis ed and delivered tutorials Medical Teacher, 25(4), 404- 407 doi: 10.1080/ 0142159031000136743conditions that

matter San Francis co, CA: Jos s ey- Bas s

Latino, J & Unite, C (2012) Providing academic s upport through peer education New Directions for Higher Education, 157, 31- 43 doi: 10.1002/ he.20004

Lockie, N., & Van Lanen, R (2008) Impact of the s upplemental ins truction experience on s cience s i leaders

Journal of Developmental Education, 31(3), 2- 14

Martin, D & Wilcox, F (1996) Supplemental Ins truction: Helping s tudents to help each other In G Wis ker & S Brown (eds ), Enabling student learning: Systems and strategies (pp 97- 101) Birmingham, England: KoganPage Publis hers and the Staff and Educational Developmental As s ociation (SEDA)

Mous takas , C (1994) Phenomenological research methods Thous and Oaks , CA: Sage Publications , Inc

Schlos s berg, N (1981) A model for analyzing human adaption to trans ition Counseling Psychologist, 9(2)

2-18 doi: 10.1177/ 001100008100900202

Smuts , K (2002) The role of s tudent leaders in s upplemental ins truction South African Journal of Higher Education, 16(3), 225–231

Wallace, J (1992) Students helping s tudents to learn The New Academic, 1(2), 8- 9.

Willie, M (2012) Taxing and tuition: A legis lative s olution to growing endowments and the ris ing cos ts of a college degree Brigham Young University Law Review, 2012(5), 1665- 1704

Wood, P (2011) The higher education bubble Society, 48(3), 208- 212 doi:10.1007/ s 12115- 011- 9418- 7