5 Church and Society Committee of the United Reformed Church's Synod of Scotland...5 Dignitas...5 Dignity in Dying...6 Doctors for Assisted Suicide...6 Friends At The End FATE...6 Humani
Trang 1Summary of written evidence submitted to the Scottish Parliament Health and Sport Committee in response to the Assisted
Suicide (Scotland) Bill
Trang 2Executive summary 4
For 5
Church and Society Committee of the United Reformed Church's Synod of Scotland 5
Dignitas 5
Dignity in Dying 6
Doctors for Assisted Suicide 6
Friends At The End (FATE) 6
Humanist Society Scotland 7
My Life, My Death, My Choice 7
Scottish Disability Equality Forum 7
Scottish Independent Advocacy Alliance 8
Scottish Unitarian Association 8
World Federation of Right to Die Societies 9
Against 10
Alzheimer Scotland 10
Anscombe Bioethics Centre 10
British Medical Association (BMA) 10
CARE for Scotland 11
Care Not Killing 12
Catholic Bishops’ Conference of Scotland 12
Children's Hospice Association 13
Church of Scotland Church and Society Council 13
Crown Terrace Baptist Church 14
Dumfries and Galloway Over 50’s Committee Meeting 14
Dumfries and Galloway Over 50’s Group Meeting 14
Equality and Human Rights Commission 14
Evangelical Alliance 15
The Faith and Order Board of General Synod of the Scottish Episcopal Church 15
Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches 16
Free Church of Scotland 16
Group of Palliative Care Physicians 16
Highland Hospice 17
Inclusion Scotland 17
Islamic Medical Association 18
Living and Dying Well 18
Muslim Council of Scotland 18
Trang 3Public Questions, Religion & Morals Committee of the Free Church of Scotland 19
Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland 19
The Royal College of Paediatrics & Child Health (RCPCH) 19
The Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow 20
Scottish Council on Human Bioethics 20
The Scottish Youth Alliance 21
Society for the Protection of Unborn Children 21
St Margaret of Scotland Hospice 22
Strathcarron Hospice 23
Salvation Army Scotland Office 24
Neutral 25
British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) 25
British Psychological Society 25
Community Pharmacy Scotland 26
East Dunbartonshire Social Work Group 26
East Lothian Council 27
Faculty of Advocates 28
General Pharmaceutical Council 29
Law Society of Scotland 29
Lord Advocate (Frank Mulholland) 30
Marie Currie 30
The J Kenyon Mason Institute for Medicine, Life Sciences and Law University of Edinburgh 30
NHS Forth Valley 31
North Ayrshire Council 32
Parkinson’s UK 32
Police Scotland 32
The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh 33
The Royal College of Psychiatrists in Scotland 34
Royal Pharmaceutical Society 34
Scottish Association for Mental Health 34
Scottish Ambulance Service 35
Scottish Council of Jewish Communities 35
Scottish Justices Association 36
Scottish Partnership for Palliative Care 36
Stirling Council 37
Together (Scottish Alliance for Children’s Rights) 37
Together for Short Lives 38
Trang 4Executive summary Reponses
In total, 69 groups or organisations are listed as having responded
to the consultation Of these, 11 agreed with the general purpose
of the Bill, 32 disagreed and 26 organisations adopted a neutral
stance or did not comment on the purpose of the Bill
Across all three categories – those for, against and neutral – there
were a wide variety of groups and organisations, including
charities, care providers, local authorities, religious groups and
campaigning organisations
Key issues mentioned
Stance of goups and organisations which responded to consultation
For
Against Neutral
Across all responses there were a number of common observations and suggestions made about theBill These included:
Concepts such as ‘life-shortening’ need to be defined in the Bill to qualify eligibility and toprevent potential abuse
Although it is presumed most individuals will commit suicide by ingesting a lethal
barbiturate, there are no restrictions on the method of suicide prescribed by the Bill
Unclear from the Bill how much assistance can be given by the facilitator
14 day window in which people have the opportunity to commit suicide may compel somepeople to act before they are ready (to avoid repeating the process)
A general view that the vulnerable or mentally ill may feel pressured or be coerced into
requesting assisted suicide
Anyone requesting assistance should automatically undergo psychiatric assessment
People aged 16 years old are incapable of acting as a facilitator or making an
informed choice to end their life (although no consensus in responses on age limit)
A general belief that palliative care in Scotland is inadequate and may suffer further if
assisted suicide is legalised
Concern that legalising assisted suicide will lead to the legalisation of euthanasia
Guidance on how medication is stored and how excess or unused substances are safely
recovered, either after death or following the expiry of the 14 day period, is not included
in the Bill
Assisted suicide could damage the relationship between doctor and patient
A ‘conscience clause’ is needed for professionals wanting to avoid participation
Guidance on facilitator record keeping and the body which will regulate the process is notincluded in the legislation
Questions about how much training facilitators will receive
Questions as to how far the Bill will conform with existing legislation
Trang 5 Trusts that guidelines on lethal dosages and their storage and shelf life will be given
Foresees practical problems arising from facilitators having long periods when their
services are not required
o Envisage the process working in an urban environment, but believe some thoughtneeds to be given to its application in rural and island communities
Wondered if it was envisaged that a facilitator should receive a fee
Dignitas
About: Swiss group which helps those with terminal illnesses and severe physical and mental
illnesses commit suicide They have helped over 1700 people die in suicide clinics in Zurich
Submission contact: Ludwig A Minelli and Silvan Luley
Key points:
Dignitas feels that having to find two different registered medical practitioners, each
acknowledging the request, would be a unnecessarily strict condition
Believes that a proposed 14 day waiting period is too long and may result in extended suffering for the patient Believes that the formal request(s) period should be used to explore and suggest alternatives such as changes in medical routine, counselling,
hospice and respite care, etc., without the person having the obligation to consider
these alternatives
Notes that the term “suicide tourism” is often (mis)used Considers people from abroadcoming to Dignitas not as suicide tourists but “self-determination tourists”
Recommends a dosage of 15 - 20 grams of Sodium Pentobarbital
Believes it is necessary to define more closely what role the police will have
Trang 6Dignity in Dying
About: Dignity in Dying campaigns for terminally ill, mentally competent adults to have the option of
an assisted death subject to strict upfront safeguards
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Welcomes increased restriction to disqualify people with a permanent disability (who are not also terminally ill) to have an assisted death but believes it should be further restricted
to those with a terminal illness and not those with life-shortening conditions
Welcomes clarification that the process must be a “deliberate act” rather than euthanasia,the removal of the upper time limit of 28 days between the first and second formal requestand the clarification on the extent of "Savings" (Section 24)
Believes pre-registration before first request is unnecessary
Believes the time limit between second request and drug consumption should be removed
Expresses a preference for drugs to be administered by healthcare professional known tothe patient
Concerned that the requirement that the person considers their quality of life to be
“unacceptable” is open to subjective interpretation
Believes eligibility should be restricted to 18+, rather than 16+
Believes that a conscience clause should be added in
Doctors for Assisted Suicide
About: DAS are a group of practicing and retired doctors in Scotland from multiple disciplines who
support the Assisted Suicide (Scotland) Bill which is currently being considered by the Scottish Parliament
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Notes that requests from teenagers where assisted suicide is available are very rare
Believe that more clarity is required about what the facilitator is and is not allowed to do
Believes the Bill should include a statement that, if there is any doubt about capacity, the opinion of a consultant psychiatrist should be sought
Friends At The End (FATE)
About: Friends at the End is a members' democratic society, dedicated to promoting knowledge
about end-of-life choices and dignified death
Submission contact: n/a
Trang 7Key points:
Notes that the difference that is drawn between the terms "illness" and "condition" is confusing Making it clear that a diagnosis per se would not allow an individual to proceed
to Stages 2 and 3 is laudable, but the use of the terms is not helpful
Notes that a liquid barbiturate is likely to be the preferred agent
Believes that it would be useful to keep and publish a statistical account of the process Amongst other items, this could include a record of the numbers of individuals obtaining
a prescription and the numbers who ultimately consumed the drug Facilitators could be responsible for gathering this information
Humanist Society Scotland
About: Humanist Society Scotland (HSS) is part of a UK, European and wider international movement
of people and organisations
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Believes that terms like ‘life-shortening’, which may have arisen from disagreements
amongst doctors advising those who were drafting the Bill, are confusing While the aim in the Memorandum " to capture those diagnoses which involve an on-going deterioration inthe person's ability to live a normal life " is laudable, this section of the Bill should be reworded
Important to keep and publish a statistical account of the process
My Life, My Death, My Choice
About: My Life, My Death, My Choice is an independent campaign supported by the
Humanist Society Scotland, Friends At The End (FATE) and the Scottish Secular Society
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Notes that the Bill for assisted suicide, not euthanasia
Believes that the Bill will complement existing palliative care, not undermine it
States that the Bill is improvement on predecessor
Scottish Disability Equality Forum
About: Scottish Disability Equality Forum (SDEF) works for social inclusion in Scotland through the
removal of barriers to equality and the promotion of independent living for people affected by disability
Trang 8Submission contact:
Key points:
SDEF, alongside their members, agree with the general principal to make the Assisted
Suicide (Scotland) Bill legally allowable
Members feel that those with physical disabilities, where quality of life is affected, shouldalso be included in the Bill
Believes the police should have a clearly defined role, however should not be
directly involved with the procedure
Notes that the majority of their members feel that a mental health assessment could beundertaken, where an assessment would give the opportunity to prove capacity
Notes that in remote areas only one GP or pharmacist may be available, which may proveproblematic if they are unwilling to participate
Believes that 16 years old is too young to be a facilitator and may impact the individual if
involved Membership felt that the age limit for facilitators should be over 25 years old
Scottish Independent Advocacy Alliance
About: The Scottish Independent Advocacy Alliance (SIAA) promotes, supports and defends the
principles and practice of Independent Advocacy across Scotland
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Believe that anyone considering assisted suicide should be referred to
independent advocacy
Believe that all professionals who may be involved in assisted suicide should have a duty
to inform people about independent advocacy and the support it can provide
Scottish Unitarian Association
About: The Unitarian congregations in Scotland are each affiliated to the Scottish Unitarian
Trang 9World Federation of Right to Die Societies
Trang 10Alzheimer Scotland
About: Alzheimer Scotland is Scotland’s leading dementia voluntary organisation It has a
membership of 6000, including carers, people with dementia, professionals, professional bodies and
a range of voluntary and private agencies
Submission contact: Jim Pearson, Deputy Director of Policy
Anscombe Bioethics Centre
About: The Anscombe Centre, established in 1977, engages with the moral questions arising in
clinical practice and biomedical research Its ethical position and views are based on Catholicism
Submission contact: n/a
o Concerned become a ‘quick fix’ for disposing of the more ‘difficult’ patients
Believes that it is not helpful to others who are now, or may be in the future, suicidal
themselves for society to endorse any person’s choice to die
Concerned certifying doctor may be unknown to the patient and chosen simply as one of aminority of doctors prepared to be involved in certifying requests for assisted suicide
British Medical Association (BMA)
About: The British Medical Association (BMA) is an independent trade union and voluntary
professional association representing over 153,000 doctors and medical students working in allbranches of medicine across the UK
Submission contact: Dr Brian Keighley, Chairman of BMA Scotland
Trang 11Key points:
Supports the current legal framework, which allows compassionate and ethical care for thedying
Supports the establishment of a comprehensive, high quality palliative care service available
to all, to enable patients to die with dignity
CARE for Scotland
About: CARE is a UK-wide organisation established to promote Christianity within public policy Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Disagrees that a life with disability and a dependence on carers can lack dignity
Believes scope of the Bill is deeply alarming given “unacceptable quality of life” premiseassessed largely on the subjective judgement of the applicant
Concerned there is no compulsory psychiatric assessment in place
Concerned about the inclusion of a time limit within which the act of suicide must take place as may compel people to act
The Bill suggests that facilitators should remove any unused drugs from the qualifying person as soon as practicable after the expiry of the 14 day period However, concerned that there is no requirement that these drugs, even if obtained, be returned to the
source pharmacy or other safe place
Noted that there is no clarity in the Bill as to the means by which a person would
be permitted to end his/her life
Concerned there remains the possibility that a proxy or facilitator may have a personalinterest or some nefarious motivation
Concerned the involvement of two doctors is an illusionary safeguard which is likely toprovide little protection to ensure that abuses do not occur
Notes that dependency on alcohol or drugs would not lead to a patient being considered
to lack ‘capacity’ as outlined in the Bill
Believes there is nothing in the Bill which would prevent suicide tourism
Notes that while Scottish Parliament has agreed to introduce a ‘Named Person’ to for everyyoung person to up to the age of 18 and aftercare for care leavers up to the age of 25, it could agree that young people aged just 16 can access government-provided assistance to terminate their lives
Concerned that there is no conscience clause in the Bill
Concerned there is no requirement in the Bill that there be any form of training or that there be any regulatory system in place to oversee their activities
Concerned the Bill provides no detail as to what action should be taken by a police officeronce he/she has been informed that an assisted suicide has occurred
Notes that it is unclear as to who would sign the death certificate if a doctor is not involved
in the administration of the lethal medication
Page | 11
Trang 12Care Not Killing
About: Care Not Killing is a UK-based alliance of individuals and organisations which brings together
disability and human rights groups, healthcare providers, and faith-based bodies
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Notes loose and relativistic terms such as ‘life-shortening condition’ mean that tens of
thousands of seriously ill and disabled people throughout Scotland would be eligible
Believes licensing doctors to kill would fundamentally alter the doctor-patient relationship
Concerned the Bill fails to define the ‘means’ of suicide
Concerned there are no penalties for contravention and that he ‘savings’ clause protects allerrors and omissions made ‘in good faith’
Notes that doctors need not know or examine the patient nor is assessment by a
psychiatrist required
There is no conscience clause for doctors, despite widespread medical opposition to assistedsuicide
Catholic Bishops’ Conference of Scotland
About: Body composed of the Bishops of the eight Scottish Catholic Dioceses
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Believes Bill is contrary to European human rights instruments and that a lower age limit than 18 would not be in line with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child
Concerned also that the Policy Memorandum acknowledges that this legislation is
a stepping-stone to further, more wide-ranging legislation
Believes it is a retrograde step to remove any involvement of those most qualified
and specially trained i.e psychiatrists and psychologists
Concerned the removal of the requirement for a continuous 18 months registration with
a medical practice in Scotland increases the likelihood of “suicide tourism”
Concerned the removal of a second witness to the process can only mean a weakening
Trang 13 Concerned there is no clear definition given on the means of ending life, including the amount of help a facilitator may give Concerned that broadly termed job description riskslicensing euthanasia in all but name
Notes that eligible criteria are intrinsically arbitrary and discriminatory
Children's Hospice Association
About: CHAS is the sole provider of children’s hospice services in Scotland, caring for children and
young people with a wide range of life-shortening conditions It provides care for in excess of 370 ofthese children, young people and their families across Scotland
Submission contact: Maria McGill, Chief Executive
Key points:
Notes for neurodevelopmental reasons, young people up to the age of about 25 years old donot fully associate their own death with permanent erasure from existence
Believes the phrase 'life-shortening' is unclear because a young person could have a
condition (for example, cystic fibrosis) which will shorten life but could nevertheless
allow them to live for several decades more
Believes the phrase 'prospect… of improvement' (p5) is unclear
Concerned capacity to consent is different for a young person, as they may not have
experienced the autonomy of adulthood and may be easily coerced
Currently, the parents of such young people in Scotland are given de facto rights to consent
on their behalf to medical interventions under the age of 16 years, they need to legally attain this through the Adults with Incapacity Act 2000 (Scotland) for 'their children' in the age range 16-17.9 years Questioned whether parents therefore be able to request
physician-assisted 'suicide' on behalf of such a young person?
Concerned no indication as to which means of dying are preferable over others and noprovision for training facilitator has been made
Church of Scotland Church and Society Council
About: The Church and Society Council's remit is to engage on behalf of the Church of Scotland in
the national, political and social issues affecting Scotland and the world today
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Believes using very broad terminology such as “life shortening” as a qualifying condition isinsufficiently restrictive
Concerned there is no requirement for mental health assessment
Concerned that it is not possible to provide a legal process which can check whether avulnerable person, dependent on the care of others, is acting freely
Believes assisted suicide may be seen as a cheaper alternative to proper care
Trang 14 Would like to see addition of conscious clause
Notes finding whiling doctor in a rural area, for example, may be a problematic
Concerned about extent of help that can be provided by facilitator and the lack of
restrictions on the means of death
Concerned maladministration of poison may cause further suffering to individual
Concerned that poison may be lost, stolen, sold or otherwise misappropriated
Crown Terrace Baptist Church
About: Based in Aberdeen, constituted in 1839.
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Disputes primacy of autonomy of individual choice
Does not consider it appropriate for people of 16 and 17 to be eligible
Believes that it should be a requirement for a “supporter”, chosen by the individual, to bepresent
Dumfries and Galloway Over 50’s Committee Meeting
Equality and Human Rights Commission
About: Parliament gave the Commission the mandate to challenge discrimination, and to protect
and promote human rights
Submission contact: Alastair Pringle, National Director, Scotland
Trang 15Key points:
Concerned the proposed safeguards in the Bill – requiring that the individual has capacityand is not depressed, that their illness is terminal, and that they have demonstrated a settled intention to end their life – would be difficult tests to operationalise
In the Commission’s view, any such legislation should not introduce or rely on disputed conceptions of individual autonomy, but would have to show that the proposed
safeguards are sufficient for their intended purposes
Evangelical Alliance
About: Across the UK, Evangelical Alliance membership includes over 700 organisations,
3500 churches and thousands of individuals Also part of the Care Not Killing Alliance.
Submission contact:
Key points:
Concerned process would place unfair pressure on vulnerable people to end their lives for fear of being a financial, emotional or care burden upon others
The Faith and Order Board of General Synod of the Scottish Episcopal Church
About: The Faith and Order Board considers questions of Church government, organisation and
relations with the Anglican Communion and other churches
Submission contact: Faith and Order Board
Key points:
Concerned Bill does not require the presence or assistance of medical staff at the suicide
Concerned Bill does not stipulate the need for assessment by a psychiatrist
Believes people may feel under pressure to make requests
Fears that provision for Assisted Dying will be extended to children
Believes that the Bill sends out a message that if you have certain conditions then life is notworth living, or that you lack dignity
Concerned that where assisted dying is made legal, funding for palliative care may be
reduced
Notes that it is not clear whether the facilitator would need to be present at the actualdeath, nor is it clear how facilitators would be selected, trained and funded
Trang 16Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches
About: The Fellowship of Independent Evangelical Churches (FIEC) represents 18
churches throughout Scotland with over 1000 members in total
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Believe that for the State to sanction the taking of life on the basis of its perceived ‘value’ or
‘quality’ would be to fundamentally change the balance of power between citizens and government
Concerned could extend to children
Concerned would, over time, create cultural pressure on the most vulnerable in our
society to end their life rather than be a perceived burden on others
Free Church of Scotland
About: The Free Church of Scotland is a Presbyterian and Reformed denomination It currently has
over 100 congregations in Scotland, as well as 2 in London, 5 in North America, and sister churchesfounded by mission work in India, Peru and South Africa
Submission contact: Rev Professor-Emeritus Donald M MacDonald FRCSEd
“life- Objects to 16 year olds being offered assistance to end their lives
Concerned 14 day limit may encourage people to consume medicine before they are readyfor fear of having to re-start the process
Believes medical assessment for mental illness such as depression should be mandatory
Would like to see that addition of a conscience clause
Believes more information required on death certificate and other record-keeping
Believes the psychological effects on the facilitators could be deleterious to their well-being
Group of Palliative Care Physicians
About: Palliative Care physicians working in Scottish hospitals and hospices
Submission contact(s): Dr Stephen MW Hutchison, Dr Christopher J Sugden, Dr Deans Buchanan, Dr
Ruth Isherwood, Dr Barry J A Laird, Dr Catriona Ross, Dr Rosemary Conway, Dr David Gray, Dr GillianFoster, Dr Gordon Canning, Dr Sheena E Scragg, Dr Fiona Downs, Dr J Martin Leiper, Dr Kirsty Boyd,
Dr David Jeffrey, Professor Marie Fallon, Dr Lindsay Martin, Dr Jo Bowden
Trang 17Key points:
Believes the legalisation of assisted suicide is a societal issue and its implementation shouldnot be dependent on doctors, most of whom do not support assisted suicide
Concerned 14 day limit could increase that pressure on people to commit suicide
Concerned non-discriminatory application of the law may lead to those with metal healthissues requesting assisted suicide
Believes clarification required on which drugs could be used
Highland Hospice
About: Highland Hospice provides specialist palliative care and advice for patients with advanced,
incurable disease and a short life expectancy, regardless of diagnosis
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Believes the experience of high quality care overrides a persistent wish for accelerated death in all but the most exceptional circumstances
Concerned the Bill has the potential to exacerbate the problem of elder abuse in our
society and a create a societal preference for assisted suicide over palliative care
Believes clarification needed on the extent of assistance which can be given by facilitators
Believes clarification needed on “life shortening” definition
Concerned the Bill itself does not specify the actual means of achieving suicide and does not mention pharmacists
Concerned future changes to other policy, for example welfare reform, may
encourage people to commit suicide if legalised
Believes legalisation of assisted suicide may increase stigmatisation of elderly and disabled
Concerned vague qualification criteria could lead to abuse of the system by those not
originally intended to fall within the Bill’s scope, i.e those with depression
Trang 18Islamic Medical Association
About: Association for Muslim medical professional
Submission contact: Dr A.Majid Katme(MBBCH,DPM)
Key points:
Islam teaches that human life is sacred
Suicide in any form is blasphemy
Living and Dying Well
About: Research body established in 2010 to examine the issue of assisted suicide
Submission contact: Robert Preston, Director
Key points:
Believes Bill has weaker safeguards than predecessor - removal of the requirement for specialist psychiatric assessment and six-month life expectancy criterion and the creation of
a class of 'licensed facilitators'
Concerned the Bill's clinical ambit (progressive and terminal or life-shortening illness) sets nolimit of life expectancy
Concern that those with alcohol or drug dependencies are not ineligible
Notes that suicidal intent is commonly considered a marker of mental health problems, yet there is no provision that a request for assistance with suicide should be treated similarly
Believes few doctors would be willing to cooperate with the process, leaving GPs who may have little understanding of the patient to certify their request
Concerned that the extent to which facilitators can aid a patient remains undefined
Notes that the Bill makes no provision for acts of assisted suicide to be reported, monitored
or controlled
Notes that the Bill stipulates that the suicide must be carried out within 14 days of a secondrequest being approved and adding that this provision may provides a perverse incentive toproceed
Muslim Council of Scotland
About: The Muslim Council of Scotland is an accord of Muslim associations, mosques
and institutions in Scotland
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Believes life is the greatest gift from God and to tamper with it or interfere to end it is the most serious sin and an act of ingratitude against the creator
Trang 19 Concerned the Bill would change the culture surrounding care for sick and vulnerable andwould be a catastrophe in terms of how our society confronts illness and disability,
damaging palliative care
Concerned that once legalised, the Bill would be a slippery slope as eligibility expands toinclude new groups, such as children
Notes that the bill would undermine anti-suicide campaigns and could encourage bodied people to commit suicide
able- Concerned that the Bill does not require examination of mental health or provision of
counselling or advice whether from elders, faith leaders, medical personal etc
Concerned that no regulatory body is outlined in the legislation
Notes that there is no formal procedure for cancelation
Believes that the remit of facilitator too vague
Concerned that there is no conscience or opt-out clause for doctors
Concerned the Bill does not define the ‘means’ of suicide and the assistance to be offered.Better definition of ‘assistance’ and other terms required
Notes that there are no penalties for misapplication or abuse outlined
Public Questions, Religion & Morals Committee of the Free Church of
Scotland
About: n/a
Submission contact: Rev David Blunt (Convener)
Key points:
Believes the Bill is based on the mistaken premise that man has a ‘right’ to end his own life
Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland
About: n/a
Submission contact: n/a
Key points:
Rejects on religious grounds
The Royal College of Paediatrics & Child Health (RCPCH)
About: Compiled by RCPCH Ethics and Law Advisory Committee, a multi-disciplinary committee of
paediatricians, other child- health professionals, ethicists and legal experts elected to lead on
issues of ethics and law for the College