Syllabus Spring 2007 dea 472 Jan21 FINAL

ENVIRONMENTS FOR ELDERS Housing & Design for an Aging Population DEA 472 http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/dea472/ Nancy M.. Wells Spring 2007 Mon, Wed, Friday 12:20 – 1:10 MVR R

ENVIRONMENTS FOR ELDERS

Housing & Design for an Aging Population

DEA 472 http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/dea472/ Nancy M Wells Spring 2007 Mon, Wed, Friday 12:20 – 1:10 MVR Room 155 nmw2 254-6330, MVR E220

OBJECTIVES

• Break your own stereotypes of “the elderly”

• Become familiar with the physical and sensory challenges of late life

• Become acquainted with elders in our community

• Gain insight & sensitivity regarding appropriate design solutions for older adults

• Learn about innovative housing options for late life

• Envision new models of physical environments for elders of the future

• Join intergenerational teams to improve local environments for elders

Fay Gillis Wells, 1920’s pilot

OVERVIEW

This course is rooted in environmental psychology, human factors/ ergonomics, and gerontology DEA 472 provides an opportunity to learn about older adults and their housing needs & options Through discussion, lecture, readings, site visits, guest panels and speakers, and personal contact with elders, students learn about the social, cognitive, and physiological needs of older adults, as well as the design implications of those needs You will gain knowledge about the range of housing types available to older adults and begin to envision the future of elder housing

Service learning is an important component of the course In addition to 15 required hours of elder-related service

learning in the community In addition, the LEAP project (see below) involves service learning

REQUIREMENTS The course requirements are outlined below:

Discussion Leadership, Mini- Assignments & Class Participation throughout semester 15%

In addition to preparing for class, students will periodically be asked to summarize articles, help lead discussion, and

present information to the class Because this is a small class your participation and involvement is critical Occasional, short mini-assignments will also be required

CHOOSE: A) Restaurant Evaluation OR B) Grocery Store Evaluation due Thursday March 8 @ 5pm

Evaluate either TWO restaurants OR TWO grocery stores in terms of design for older adults Both options will allow you to interact with elders and apply your knowledge of sensory and physiological changes and human factors / ergonomics to an environment for elders (see handout)

Living Environments Aging Partnership (LEAP) Project (Interim report due Tues April 10 ) due Thursday May 3 5:00 25%

DEA 472 is part of L E A P … Living Environments Aging Partnership, a program that creates opportunities for students to engage in elder-related service learning and involves community elders in Cornell classes Through LEAP, older adults will join our class for several sessions Students and elder community consultants will form intergenerational

community design planning teams to improve a local environment for elders Final products are: improved environment and

a poster describing process, research-basis, and final product (provide poster as hardcopy and electronically)

Three Site Visit Reports ( ~4-5 pages each) due within 1 week of each site visit 15%

Please write site visit reports for three of the facilities that we visit You may choose the three Each report should be about 5 pages long Include: 1.) Your observations, reactions and impressions of the place 2.) A critique of the physical environment including pros and cons and 3.) the application of three concepts or theories from readings / lecture, etc

There will be occasional (approximately 2 – 4 total) pre-announced quizzes

Service Learning - throughout semester log & reflective journal due Thursday May 10 15%

A minimum of 15 service learning hours with elders is required, in addition to time spent on LEAP You may choose to join weekly trips to Lakeside Nursing Home though Cornell’s Elderly Partnership (CEP), be matched to visit a local elder

through the Tompkins County Office for the Aging or avail yourself of another opportunity Keep a journal of your activities

as well as your reflections or insights throughout the semester I will ask you to periodically hand-in your log and journal Finally, summarize + reflect on experiences Hand-in both your log and journal (including summary)

Contacts / Ideas for Service Learning Hours

Office for the Aging, Trina Schickel, 274-5491, http://www.tompkins-co.org/cofa/voluntee.html

Through the Tompkins County Office for the Aging, you can be matched with an elder in the community to visit weekly, provide respite for a caregiver, help with light housekeeping, or assist with errands Typically, a visitor commits to 1-2 hours per week Contact Trina Schickel for more information You will need to meet with her and provide one reference

Bridges of Cornell Heights, Theresa Nix, 257-5777, TNix@bridgescornellheights.com

http://www.bridgesofmendon.com/basics.html

Bridges is an innovative, upscale, relatively small scale facility in a residential setting Located at 403 Wyckoff Road,

Bridges is very walkable from the Cornell Campus Contact Theresa Nix to identify ways that you might contribute to the quality of life of Bridges’ residents by visiting during meals, reading to residents, joining group outings, etc

Cornell Elderly Partnership (CEP), Public Service Center (PSC) pscelderly@cornell.edu

The CEP typically coordinates weekly trips to visit elders in local nursing homes The CEP often (~weekly) visits residents

of Lakeside Nursing Home where they visit, read, garden, or create crafts and projects

Lakeside Nursing Home, Suzanne Bakert, 273-8072

In addition to visiting Lakeside Nursing Home residents with the Cornell Elderly Partnership, you may choose to

independently make arrangements to visit residents Contact Suzanne Bakert to identify roles you might full Lakeside is

at 1229 Trumansburg Road (follow signs to the hospital) on the West side of the Lake TCAT bus #21 goes to Lakeside

Beechtree Care Center (formerly The Reconstruction Home), Beth Pittman, 273-4166

Beechtree is another local nursing home that welcomes volunteers Located at 318 S Albany Street, Beechtree is an easy walk from the Ithaca Commons

READINGS:

On Electronic Reserve: Coursepack

[R] On Reserve in Mann Library & in DEA Resource Room:

Friedan, B (1993) The Fountain of Age New York: Simon & Schuster.

ON-LINE RESOURCES: See course website for more… http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/dea472/

1 Elders Health and the Built Environment Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

http://0-www.cdc.gov.mill1.sjlibrary.org/healthyplaces/healthtopics/elders.htm

2 The Institute on Aging and Environment at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, School of Architecture and Urban Planning (http://www.uwm.edu/Dept/IAE/) Promotes research, scholarship

3 Environmental Geriatrics Weill Cornell Medical http://environmentalgeriatrics.org/multimedia_course/index.html

4 Home Modifications http://www.homemods.org/library/

(a) Week 1 INTRODUCTION – Who are Older Adults?

(M) January 22 “Environments” and “Elderly”

Tues (Optional, FYI) Guest Lecture: Health, Aging, and the Built Environment

Habib Chaudhury, Ph.D 4:30 – 6:00 MVR 157

(W) January 24 Images, Stereotypes, Stigmas

What is your “Aging IQ”? Wilhelmina Pier, Age 109 [R] Friedan, B (1993) The Fountain of Age New York: Simon & Schuster Chapter 1: Denial and the

"problem" of age pp 35-70

Nelson, T.D (2005) Ageism: Prejudice against our feared future self Journal of Social Issues, 61 (2),

207 – 221 [Read 207 – 214; peruse 215 - 218 ]

Optional Readings:

Special Issue on Ageism (2005) Journal of Social Issues, 61 (2)

Waskel, S.A., Dubes, M and Reviere, R (1997) Black and white college students’ choices of descriptors for older

women and older women relatives Journal of Women & Aging, 9, (1-2), 165-175

(F) January 26 Service Learning / LEAP Intro – Soliciting community project ideas

Seperson, S.B (2002) Student, Teaching, Mentor and the Service-Learning Classroom Experience

Pp.73 – 83, Chapter 8 In: Seperson, S.B and Hegeman, C (Eds.) (2002) Elder care and service learning Westport, CT: Auburn House.

Week 2

M Jan 29 Mini Assignment DUE – “THE FUTURE YOU” in class

(M) January 29 Environmental Geriatrics (Introduction and Tutorial)

Mitka, M (2001) Home Modifications to make older lives easier Journal of the American Medical

Association, 286, (14), 1699 - 1700

In-class introduction to the Environmental Geratrics on-line training course by Rosemary Bakker at Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York City http://environmentalgeriatrics.org/ The training is oriented toward physicians but has wide applicability Later, I will assign modules from this training course

(W) January 31 GUEST SPEAKER Brad Edmondson - Demographics of Old Age

Edmondson, B (2005) Trends The Milken Institute Review (Fourth Quarter 2005) 8 – 12.

Seperson, S.B (2002) Demographics about Aging Chapter 4 In: Seperson, S.B and Hegeman, C

(Eds.) (2002) Elder care and service learning Westport, CT: Auburn House.

Optional Readings:

Administration on Aging U.S Dept of Health & Human Services A profile of older Americans 2005

http://assets.aarp.org/rgcenter/general/profile_2005.pdf

(F) February 2 Begin Service Learning – NO CLASS

(M) February 5

Torrens, G., McDonagh-Philip, D & Newman, A (2001) Getting a grip Ergonomics in Design, Santa Monica, CA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society pp 7-13

Kroemer, K.H.E (1997) Anthropometry and biomechanics (Ch 5) In: A.D Fisk and W.A Rogers (Eds.)

Handbook of Human Factors and the Older Adult NY: Academic Press pp 87-124.

Faletti, M.V (1984) Human factors research and functional environments, Chapter 7 In: I Altman, M.P

Lawton, and J.F Wohlwill (Eds.) Elderly People and the Environment Vol 7 Human Behavior and

Environment: Advances in Theory and Research New York: Plenum Excerpt pp 220-231

Kiyota, E (no date) My life as a nursing home resident

Optional Readings:

Schieber, F., J.L Fozard, S Gordon-Salant, J.M Weiffenbach (1991) Optimizing sensation and perception in older

adults International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 7, 133-162

Czaja, S (1990) Human factors research needs for an aging population Chapter 2: Human factors problems

associated with aging Washington D.C.: National Academy Press Excerpt: pp 7-13 and 31-42

(W) February 7

[ In-class Ergonomics Assessment]

Harootyan, R.A (1993) Aging, functional abilities, and life-span design Proceedings of Life-Span Design

for Residential Environments for an Aging Population Washington D.C.:AARP pp 29-38 (also

available at http://www.homemods.org/library/life-span/)

Environmental Geratrics http://environmentalgeriatrics.org/ Module 1: Aging, Environment + Excess

Disability

(F) February 9 SITE VISIT – Bridges, Cornell Heights

(M) February 12

Mace, R.L (1999) Barrier-Free Design In: van Vliet, W (Ed.) The

Encyclopedia of Housing Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Pp 29-30

Mace, R.L (1991) The Accessible Housing Design File New York, NY: Van

Nostrand Reinhold (Barrier Free Environments Inc.), excerpts: pp 48, 49,

52, 53, 134-137

Optional Readings:

Grayson, P.J (1991) Chapter 7, the best of design for the elderly, pp 121-154 In:

Preiser, W et al (Eds.) Design Intervention NY: van Nostrand Reinhold.

Leibrock, C (1993) Beautiful and Barrier-free: a visual guide to accessibility New York: Van Nostrand

Reinhold

(W) February 14 GUEST SPEAKER Larry Roberts, Finger Lakes Independence Center

Mace, R.L., Hardie, G.J., and Place, J.P (1991) Chapter 8: Accessible Environments: toward universal

design In: Preiser, W et al., (Eds.) Design Intervention NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold 155-176.

(F) February 16 DISCUSSION – Service Learning Progress/ Reflection

Ladrigan, P.M and DiCarlo, R.H (2002) Service learning and the art of reflective journaling Pp

84-91 Chapter 9 In: Seperson, S.B and Hegeman, C (Eds.) (2002) Elder care and service learning Westport, CT: Auburn House.

Week 5 Sensory Changes and Design Implications

(M) February 19 Vision Changes in Late Life

Sanders, M.S & E.J McCormick (1987) Human Factors in Engineering and Design New York:

McGraw Hill Publishing Excerpts: “Process of Seeing” pp 79-85; “Lighting and Elderly” pp

416-418

Koncelik, J (1977) Human factors and environmental design for aging: Physiological changes, sensory

loss and design criteria In: Environmental Context of Aging T Byerts, S Howell, and L Pastalan (Eds.) New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold pp 107-117

(W) February 21 Sensory Change and Design Intervention

Environmental Geratrics http://environmentalgeriatrics.org/ Module 3: Environmental Geriatric

Interventions

Fozard, J., F Schieber, S Gordon-Salant, and J.M Weiffenbach (1993) Sensory and perceptual

consideration for designing enviroments for the elderly Proceedings of Life-Span Design for Residential Environments for an Aging Population Washington D.C.: AARP pp 75-85 (also at

http://www.homemods.org/library/life%2Dspan/sensory.html

(F) February 23 Service Learning – NO CLASS

Week 6

(M) February 26 – LEAP ELDERS VISIT – review of applications and initial project development (W) February 28 Hearing Changes in Late Life

Weinstein, B.E (2003) A primer on hearing loss in the elderly Generations, 27 (1) pp.15 – 19

Davis, J.L (2003) Hearing Loss: many elderly not treated WebMD, October 20, 2003

http://www.webmd.com/content/article/75/89822.htm

Optional Readings:

Dalton, D.S., Cruickshands, Klein, B.E.K., Kelin, R., Wiley, T.L., and Nondahl, D.M (2003) The impact of hearing

loss on quality of life in older adults Gerontologist, 43 (5), 661-668

(F) March 2 SITE VISIT - TBA

Week 7

Mon Mar 5 - FYI, Optional: ABSTRACT DUE for STATE SOCIETY ON AGING STUDENT CONFERENCE to be held March 31, Ithaca College

(M) March 5 Introduction to Environmental Gerontology Theory

From these and /or other readings, please prepare to present TWO Aging & Environment Theories to the

class For each theory, describe the theory including key concepts, when it was developed and by whom and discuss how you think the theory is helpful or useful, or not, and provide two examples of how it might

be used to describe a specific interaction between an actual older adult and the environment These readings will introduce you to Aging and Environment Theory as well as some of the key contributors, including Kurt Lewin, M Powell Lawton, and Rudolph Moos Some of the key theoretical ideas include

Lewin’s B=f(P, E), Lawton’s Competence-Press Model, and the Environmental Docility Hypothesis In addition, Hill & Gregg present gerontological theory

Hill, R.D & Gregg, C (2002) Older adults in residential care: A population at risk In: R.D Hill, B.L

Thorn, J Bowling & A Morrison (Eds.) Geriatric Residential Care Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.

Lawton, M.P (1998) Environment and Aging: Theory Revisited Ch 1 In: R.J Scheidt and P.G Windley

(Eds.) Environment and Aging Theory: A Focus on Housing Westport, CT: Greenwood Press

excerpt: pp 1-6

Scheidt R.J (1998) The social ecological approach of Rudolph Moos Ch 5 In: R.J Scheidt and P.G

Windley (Eds.) Environment and Aging Theory: A Focus on Housing Westport, CT: Greenwood

Press pp 111-120

Calkins, M & G Weisman (1999) Models for environmental assessment In: B Schwarz & R Brent

(Eds.) Aging, Autonomy and Architecture: Advances in Assisted Living Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press pp 130-139

Optional Reading:

Goland, S.W (2003) Conceptualizing time and behavior in environmental gerontology: a pair of old issues

deserving new thought The Gerontologist, 43 (5), 638-648

Parmalee, P (1998) Theory and Research in housing for the elderly: The legacy of Kurt Lewin Ch 7 In: R.J

Scheidt and P.G Windley (Eds.) Environment and Aging Theory: A Focus on Housing Westport, CT:

Greenwood Press pp 161-185

Wahl., H.W and Weisman, G.D (2003) Environmental gerontology at the beginning of the new millennium:

Reflections on its historical, empirical, and theoretical development The Gerontologist, 43 (5), 616-627

(W) March 7 The Role of Familiarity & Personalization

These readings explore the relevance of familiarity and personalization The Kaplan & Kaplan excerpt describes a tension between preferring the familiar and desiring variety Note the preferences

matrices presented in Tables 4.1 and 4.2 While these concepts might most readily be applied to

cognitive mapping and wayfinding, could they also be relevant to environments for elderly more

generally? Hunt provides some insight as to how familiarity might ease relocation How would you characterize the relationship between familiarity and personalization? Do you think the relationship between familiarity and preference changes over the life course?

Kaplan, S & Kaplan, R (1989) Cognition and Environment Ann Arbor, MI: Ulrich’s pp 77-88.

Hunt, M.E (1993) Environmental simulation research for an aging society: familiarizing older people with

the unknown In: R W Marans and D Stokols (Eds.) Environmental Simulation: Research and Policy Issues New York: Plenum Press pp 87-112

Küller, R (1991) Familiar design helps dementia patients cope In: Preiser, W et al (Eds.) Design

Intervention: toward a more humane architecture NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold Excerpt: pp

258-260

Optional Readings:

Hunt, M.E (1981) Simulated site visits: an environmental learning strategy for older people Doctoral Dissertation,

University of Michigan

Gifford, R (1997) Environmental Psychology New York: Allyn & Bacon Chapter 6: Territoriality, excerpt:

"territoriality and environmental design", pp 136-137.

Thursday March 8 Elder-Friendly Design Evaluation DUE 5:00 pm

(F) March 9 DISCUSSION - Service Learning reflection + LEAP updates

Week 8

(M) March 12 – ELDER CONSULTANTS VISIT – further project development

(W) March 14 The meaning of “home”… Homeyness + Institutionality

Marsden, J (1997) Assisted living housing for the elderly symbolic and physical properties of homeyness.

Chapter 3: homeyness Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan pp 18-37

Pastalan, L.A & Schwarz, B (1992) The meaning of home and ecogenic housing: A new concept for

elderly women In H.C Dandekar (Ed.) Shelter, Women and Development: First and Third World Perspectives Proceedings of an International Conference May 7-9 1992 The University of

Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI pp 402-407

Optional Readings:

McCraken, G (1989) Homeyness: A cultural account of one constellation of consumer goods and meanings E

Hirschman (Ed.) Interpretative consumer culture (pp 168-181) Provo, UT: association for consumer

research

Marsden, J.P & R Kaplan (1999) Communicating homeyness from the outside: elderly people’s perceptions of

assisted living In: B Schwarz & R Brent (Eds.) Aging, Autonomy and Architecture: Advances in

Assisted Living Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press pp 207-228.

Pastalan, L.A.& Schwarz, B (1994) Emergent themes Journal of Housing for Elderly, 11(1), excerpt, p 177.

(F) March 16 Service Learning – NO CLASS

Week 9 - SPRING BREAK

Spring Break assignment Read this article and consider the role of the Medical Model in physical design of long term care settings If you have not yet visited a nursing home, do so.

Wells, N.M (unpublished) Is the medical model effective with respect to long term care? Unpublished

Manuscript Excerpt: pp 1-6

(M) March 26

This set of readings provides an overview of housing options for

older adults The types of facilities described include Continuing

Care Retirement Communities (CCRC), Assisted Living

Facilities, ECHO Housing, LORC’s and NORC’s CCRC’s

provide a unique model of living for older adults, with a

continuum of care and independence options in one setting

What are the unique design challenges of this setting? To what

extent do you agree with the pros and cons presented by Golant (1992)?

Pynoos, J (1998) Elderly In: van Vliet, W (Ed.) The Encyclopedia of Housing Thousand Oaks, CA:

Sage pp 131-135

Golant, S (1998) Continuing Care Retirement Communities In: van Vliet, W (Ed.) The Encyclopedia of

Housing Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage pp 86-88

Golant, S (1998) Assisted Living In: van Vliet, W (Ed.) The Encyclopedia of Housing Thousand Oaks,

CA: Sage pp 25-26

Hare, P.H (1998) ECHO Housing In: van Vliet, W (Ed.) The Encyclopedia of Housing Thousand Oaks,

CA: Sage pp 129-130

Marans, R W (1998) Retirement Communities In: vanVliet, W (Ed.) The Encyclopedia of Housing

Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage pp 489-491

Folts, W.E & G.F Streib (1994) Leisure-oriented retirement communities In W.E Folts & D.E Yeatts

(Eds.) Housing and the Aging Population: Options for the New Century New York: Garland

Publishing, Inc pp 121-144

Golant, S (1992) Continuing care (life care) retirement facilities: multiple levels of shelter and care

Ch 11 In: S.M Golant Housing America’s Elderly: many possibilities/ few choices Newbury

Park: Sage Publications Pp 260-285

Brown, P.L (2006) Growing old together, in a new kind of commune February 27, 2006 New York

Times.

Durrett, C (Fall2002) Cohousing:A neighborhood that works.Seniors’ Housing News, 18 20-21, 25 Optional Readings:

Masotti, P.J., Fick, R., Johnson-Masotti, A., and MacLeon, S (2006) Healthy naturally occurring retirement

communities: A low-cost approach to facilitating healthy aging American Journal of Public Health, 96 (7), 1164 - 1170

(W) March 28 Housing Transitions & Relocation in Late Life

Frank, J (1999) “I live here, but it’s not my home” Residents’ experiences in assisted living In: B

Schwarz & R Brent (Eds.) Aging, Autonomy and Architecture: Advances in Assisted Living

Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press pp 166-182

Tobin, S S (1996) Cherished possessions: The meaning of things Generations, pp 46-48

Oswald, F., Schilling, O., Wahl, H.W and Gang, K (2002) Trouble in paradise? Reasons to relocate

and objective environmental change among well-off older adults Journal of Environmental Psychology, 22, 273 – 288.

Erickson, M.A., Krout, J., Ewen, H and Robison, J (in press) Should I stay or Should I Go? Moving

plans of older adults Journal of Housing for the Elderly, 20 (3)

Optional Readings:

Waldron V.R., et al., (2005) Gender Differences in Social Adaptation to a Retirement Community: Longitudinal

Changes and the Role of Mediated Communication The Journal of Applied Gerontology 24 (4):

283-298

Pastalan, L (1983) Environmental displacement: A literature reflecting old-person-environment transactions In D

Rowles and R.J Ohta (Eds.) Aging and Milieu: Environmental Perspectives on Growing Old New York:

Academic Press pp 189-203

Eshelman, P E & Evans, G.W (date) Home again: environmental predictors of place attachment and self-esteem

for new retirement community residents Unpublished manuscript Cornell University

[R] Friedan, B (1993) The Fountain of Age New York: Simon & Schuster Chapter 11: To Move or To Stay? pp

346-380

Thompson, B (1989) Preparing elderly people for life in a “home” British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 52,

103-104

(F) March 30 NO CLASS – Attend State Society on Aging Conference SATURDAY

(Sat) March 31 State Society on Aging STUDENT Conference, Ithaca NY

BE SURE TO ATTEND – Keynote speaker: Dr Bill Thomas

Week 11 Aging, Gender, and Culture in Housing

M April 2 Mini Assignment DUE – 2-3 page summary + reaction to Dr Thomas’ talk

(M) April 2 Gender and Housing Arrangements

Gregory, S and Pandaya, S (2002) Women and Long term care AARP Fact Sheet

http://www.aarp.org/research/longtermcare/trends/aresearch-import-679-FS77R.html

Keigher, S.M (1992) In search of “The Golden Girls”: Why is affordable, adaptable, and assisted

housing for older women so hard to find? In: H.C Dandekar (Ed.) Shelter, Women and

Development: First and Third World Perspectives Proceedings of an International

Conference May 7-9 1992 The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI., pp 377-395

Saegert, S and McCarthy, D.E (1998) Gender and Housing for the Elderly: sorting through the

accumulations of a lifetime Chapter 3 In: R.J Scheidt and P.G Windley (Eds.) Environment and Aging Theory: A focus on housing Westport, CT: Greenwood Press Pp 61-87

Optional readings:

Miller B, Kaufman, J.E 91996) Beyond Gender Stereotypes: Spouse Caregivers of Persons With Dementia

Journal of Aging Studies 10(3): 189-204.

Russell, R (2001) In sickness and in health: A qualitative study of elderly men who care for wives with

dementia Journal of Aging Studies 15 351–367

(W) April 4 Cultural Roles in Housing Arrangements

Cohen, U and Moore, K D (1998 ) Integrated Cultural Heritage into Assisted-Living Environments In: B

Schwarz & R Brent (Eds.) Aging, Autonomy and Architecture: Advances in Assisted Living

Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins Pp 90-109

Sethi, R (1998 ) Crossing Oceans: A Cross-Cultural Look at Elderly Immigrant Women in the United

States and Elderly Women in India In: H.C Dandekar (Ed.) Shelter, Women and

Development: First and Third World Perspectives Proceedings of an InternationalConference.

May 7-9 1992 The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI., pp 408-413

Optional readings:

Mahoney, D.F., et al (year) African American, Chinese, and Latino Family Caregivers’ Impressions of the Onset

and Diagnosis of Dementia: Cross-Cultural Similarities and Differences The Gerontologist

45(6):783-792

Harris, P.B., Long, S.O (1999) Husbands and Sons in the United States and Japan: Cultural Expectations and

Caregiving Experiences Journal of Aging Studies 13 (3): 241-267.

(F) April 6 ELDERS CONSULTANTS VISIT (LONGER SESSION 12:20 – 1:30)

(M) April 9 Theory + Evidence

Kaplan, R & Kaplan, S (1995) The Experience of Nature: a psychological perspective Ann Arbor, MI:

Ulrich’s Chapter 6: The restorative environment pp 177-200

Kweon, B., Sullivan, W.C.,and Wiley, A.R (1998) Green common spaces and the social integration of

inner-city older adults Environment and Behavior, 30 (6), 832-858.

Austin, E.N., Johnston, Y.A.M and Morgan, L.L (2006) Community gardening in a senior center: A

therapeutic intervention to improve the health of older adults Therapeutic Recreation Journal, 40 (1),

48 – 56

Optional readings: