dictionary u,v (FILEminimizer) tử điển anh việt chuyên ngành công nghệ ô tô

load-dependant mechanical ignition timing, controlled by the inlet manifold vacuum: Điều khiển thời điểm đánh lửa bằng chân không  vacuum control switch = switch that monitors the vacu

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Uu

U-bolt n metal bar in the shape of a

U, threaded at both ends and often

with a bridging piece to close the

circle; used to secure leaf springs,

exhaust pipes, ring bolts, shackles,

etc: Bu-lông hình chữ U (dùng

kẹp nhíp, pô)

U-cylinder engine n =

TWIN-PISTON ENGINE

UDC = UPPER DEAD CENTRE

UJ or U-joint = UNIVERSAL JOINT

ultrasonic welding n a high-tech

welding procedure used for metals

(e g in wire bonding of

integrated circuits) and plastics:

Kỹ thuật hàn siêu âm (dùng để

dán dây trên vi mạch)

unburnt hydrocarbons n pollutant

(basically petrol vapour) released

into the atmosphere as an exhaust

gas, due to incomplete

combustion: Hydrocacbon còn

sót (chưa cháy) trong khí thải

UNC thread n Unified National

Coarse thread; one of the screw

threads used on British cars:

Đường ren thô theo tiêu chuẩn

quốc gia Anh

underbody n the underside of a car:

Gầm xe

 underbody coating or

underbody protection = coating

of the underbody of a vehicle,

usually with organic coating

materials (plastic, wax,

bitumen-based products), to protect it from

mechanical damage and

corrosion: Lớp phủ chống va đập và ăn mòn gầm xe

 underbody structure = the structural members and flat panels

of the body-work on the chassis

level: Cấu trúc khung gầm (NOTE: may also be called sub-structure)

 underbonnet area n the

engine compartment: Vùng capô chứa động cơ xe

 undercarriage n =

UNDERBODY STRUCTURE

undercoat n (a) any preliminary

coat of paint applied prior to the

top coat (b) US = UNIVERSAL: Lớp sơn lót trước lớp sơn ngoài

undercut n recess either cut or

moulded into the underside of an object so as to leave a lip or

protuberance at the top: Vành

 underfloor n the underside of

a car: Gầm xe

 underfloor mid-engine = new design, introduced on the Toyota Previa minivan, where the engine

is located below the passenger compartment, between front and

rear: Động cơ đặt giữa xe

 underframe n general term referring to the underbody backbone of a car, both for unitary

or chassis designs: Khung xe

 underhead collar n washer fitted under the head of a bolt or

screw: Vòng đệm dưới đầu bu-lông hoặc đinh vít

384

 underinflated tyre n tyre

which has too little air in it,

causing increased wear at the

tread edge: Bánh xe non hơi (làm

mòn gai nhanh)

(NOTE: opposite is overinflated

tyre)

 underpowered a of a car

whose engine provides less power

than is necessary for acceptable

performance; especially

noticeable when accelerating,

overtaking or going uphill: Xe

chạy không đủ công suất, lì máy

 underseal 1 n rustproof

coating with sound-deadening

properties applied to the

underbody: Lớp sơn lót gầm xe

(NOTE: US English is undercoat)

2 v to apply underseal: Phủ lớp

sơn lót cho gầm xe

 under seat panel n = SEAT

WELL

undershield n body accessory panel

made from tough, oil-resistant

plastic for fitting on cars that do

not have a standard wheel house

panel: Tấm che phía dưới gầm

underside n the lower side of the

underbody, i e the surfaces that

the road surface: Mặt bên dưới

xe (gầm xe)

 underslung a suspended below

a supporting member, e g of a

chassis suspended below the

axles: Khung được treo thấp hơn

cầu

 underslung frame = frame

design of the pre-war era whose

characteristic feature is that the

frame members run below the

axles: Khung xe dưới trục

 undersquare engine n =

LONG STROKE ENGINE: Động

cơ có hành trình piston dài

 understeer 1 v (of a vehicle)

to turn less sharply than the driver

intends: Quay vòng thiếu

2 n action of understeering: Sự

quay vòng thiếu (NOTE: opposite is oversteer)

 undertray n the bottom panel

of multi-layer or complex underbody panel assemblies,

which faces the road surface: sàn dưới xe

 undertread n = BREAKER

unequal-length wishbone suspension

or (informal) unequal wishbones

n double wishbone suspension

system in which the upper wishbone is shorter than the lower one, with both converging slightly

at the wheel hub; reduces tyre wear due to variations in track and

camber angle when cornering: Hệ thống treo hai đòn có chiều dài không bằng nhau

UNF thread n Unified National Fine

thread; one of the screw threads

used on British cars: Đường ren mịn theo tiêu chuẩn quốc gia Anh

Unibody (construction) n =

Cấu trúc khung nguyên khối unidirectional (flow) scavenging or uniflow scavenging n

scavenging process of two-stroke

engines: Hệ thống quét khí một chiều (động cơ 2 kỳ)

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Unified National Coarse thread see

UNC THREAD

Unified National Fine thread see

UNF THREAD

uniform corrosion n corrosion

occurring over the entire exposed

surface: Sự ăn mòn toàn bộ bề

mặt

(NOTE: opposite is localized

corrosion)

union nut n nut used to secure the

connection between pipes or rods:

Đai ốc nối ống dẫn, thanh, cần

(Răcco)

unitary construction n modern

chassis layout with no separate

frame, using the sheet metal parts

of the vehicle body or floorpan as

structural members which also

carry all suspension parts;

introduced by Citroen in 1934, by

GM/Opel Olympia in 1935: Cấu

trúc khung nguyên khối

(NOTE: also called monocoque)

unit engine n a term used for

motorcycles where engine and

gearbox are accommodated in one

common housing: Cụm động cơ

gồm động cơ và hộp số trên xe

gắn máy

universal joint (UJ) n (a) a form of

coupling between two rotating

shafts allowing freedom of

movement in all directions;

general term for a family of

universal joint designs: Khớp nối

các đăng

(b) (tool) accessory which allows

a socket to be turned through an

angle: Dụng cụ có khớp nối vạn

năng

 universally jointed shaft n = CARDAN SHAFT

 universal sparking plug socket

n sparking plug socket with

universal joint for reaching

hard-to-get-at sparking plugs: Tuýp mở bougie đa dụng

unleaded petrol n petrol to which no

lead has been added: Xăng không pha chì

unloader valve n = DELIVERY

VALVE

unsprung mass or weight n the

weight of those parts of the car which are not carried by the suspension system, but are supported directly by the tyre and wheel assembly and considered to

move with it: Khối lượng không được treo (khối lượng của các chi tiết nối với bánh xe)

(NOTE: opposite is sprung mass / weight)

updraught carburettor n carburettor

in which the air / fuel mixture is drawn in from below; a rather

unusual type: Bộ chế hòa khí đảo ngược (có miệng hút gió và các bộ phận phụ thuộc để luồng gió

đi từ dưới lên trên và chạy thẳng qua ống góp nạp)

(NOTE: opposite is downdraught carburettor)

upper dead centre (UDC) n = TOP

DEAD CENTRE: Điểm chết trên

up-stroke n the ascending stroke of

a piston, from BDC to TDC: Hành trình pít-tông đi lên

urban driving n driving in

towns, in built-up areas: Chạy xe vùng thành phố

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(NOTE: US English is metro

driving)

urban (test) cycle n driving cycle

that simulates driving in a town:

Chu kỳ kiểm tra xe chạy trong

thành phố

U section n a sheet metal section

often used on underbody structural

members; it differs from a box

section in that the fourth wall of

the box is missing, i e its cross

section more or less resembles the

letter U: Tiết diện dạng chữ U

ute (informal) (Australia) =

UTILITY TRUCK: Loại xe tải nhỏ, không mui, thành thấp (cho các nhà xây dựng, nông dân dùng)

utility (truck) n = PICK-UP

UV absorber or stabilizer n any

substance that absorbs ultraviolet radiation, then dissipates the energy in a harmless form; used in plastics and rubbers to decrease

light sensitivity: Thiết bị giảm tia cực tím

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Vv

V (a) V see V-ENGINE: Động cơ chữ

V

(b) (short for) valve: Sú páp

(c) (short for) volt: Đơn vị đo hiệu

điện thế

(d) letter on the sidewall of a tyre

denoting the maximum speed for

which it is designed (over 210

km/h or over 130 mph): Ký tự

trên lốp xe chỉ tốc độ tối đa 210

km/h

4, 6, 8, 10, 12 =

V-FOUR, V-SIX, V-EIGHT, V-TEN,

V-TWELVE ENGINE: Động cơ

V-4, V-6, V-8, V-10, V-12

vacuum n in carburation terms,

pressure below the atmospheric

pressure: Chân không, áp thấp

 vacuum advance (mechanism

or unit) n vacuum control unit

for advancing the spark: Sự đánh

lửa sớm chân không

(NOTE: opposite is vacuum

retard unit)

 vacuum brake booster n

device directly connected to the

master cylinder and mounted on

the engine side of the bulkhead,

which uses engine manifold

vacuum to produce additional

braking force: Bộ trợ lực phanh

chân không

(NOTE: also called master vac or

vacuum servo)

 vacuum capsule or chamber n

(ignition timing) pneumatic

actuator that converts air pressure

differences into a regulating

short-stroke movement; the circular, flat capsule has a spring-loaded

diaphragm with a lever attached: Buồng (dù) áp thấp trong delco

 vacuum control n load-dependant mechanical ignition timing, controlled by the inlet

manifold vacuum: Điều khiển thời điểm đánh lửa bằng chân không

 vacuum control switch = switch that monitors the vacuum signal enabling the ECU to recognize open or closed throttle

(idle) operation: Công tắc báo chân không (để ECU biết cánh bướm ga đóng hay mở)

 vacuum control unit = assembly for load-dependent ignition timing controlled by the inlet manifold vacuum, consisting

of a vacuum capsule with a spring-loaded diaphragm linked to the

breaker plate: Bộ phận điều khiển đánh lửa sớm chân không trong delco

 vacuum filter n filter which removes electrical noise from the vacuum signal sent from the

vacuum sensor to the ECU: Bộ lọc nhiễu tín hiệu từ cảm biến chân không (MAP)

 vacuum gauge n instrument for

measuring engine depression: Dụng cụ đo áp thấp đường ống nạp

 vacuum hose n pipe which connects the inlet manifold to the

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vacuum brake booster: Ống chân

không (nối từ ống góp hút đến

bầu trợ lực phanh)

 vacuum ignition-timing

control n = VACUUM

CONTROL: Điều khiển thời

điểm đánh lửa bằng chân không

vacuum modulated EGR n exhaust

gas recirculation in which the

amount of exhaust gas admitted to

the inlet manifold depends on a

vacuum signal controlled by

throttle position: Hệ thống tuần

hoàn khí thải được điều chỉnh

bằng chân không

vacuum reducer valve (VRV) n

valve used to limit the amount of

vacuum governing the ignition

advance mechanism of the

distributor; on some ignition

systems, a VRV is used to reduce

inlet manifold vacuum when the

coolant temperature is above 104

o C, in order to prevent detonation:

Van giảm áp thấp (để không

tăng góc đánh lửa sớm khi nhiệt

độ nước > 104 o C nhằm chống

kích nổ)

 vacuum retard (unit) n

vacuum control unit for retarding

the spark: Bộ điều khiển đánh

lửa trễ bằng chân không

(NOTE: opposite is vacuum

advance unit)

 vacuum sensor n sensor which

detects changes in manifold

pressure; such changes indicate

the need for an adjustment in A/F

mixture and electronic spark

timing to maintain efficient engine

operation: Cảm biến chân không (Còn gọi là MAP sensor)

 vacuum servo n = VACUUM

BRAKE BOOSTER: Bộ trợ lực phanh (thắng) chân không

 vacuum solenoid n on some engines, a vacuum solenoid controlled by an electrical sensor switch is used to control the EGR

valve: Sôlênôit chân không

 vacuum suction cup n hand tool for pulling out shallow body dents and for lifting flat, heavy objects such as wind-screens or

sheet metal: Dụng cụ hút chân không dạng hình chén để nâng kính hoặc tấm kim loại

 vacuum timing control n = VACUUM CONTROL

 vacuum unit n = VACUUM CONTROL UNIT

valence n = ALANCE: Hóa trị (hóa

học)

valet parking n the parking of one's

car by a parking attendant: sự đỗ

xe nhờ người phục vụ trong bãi đỗ xe

 valet switch = on some alarm systems, a switch to override the alarm system for valet parking,

car washes, etc.: công tắc cho phép hệ thống báo động ngừng tạm thời để đậu xe, rửa xe…

valve n (a) any device that starts,

stops, regulates or controls the

flow of a fluid, gas, etc: Van (b) (in cylinder head) valve which

opens the respective ports during the induction and exhaust strokes and seals the compression

389

chamber during the compression

and expansion strokes: Sú páp

(c) = TYRE VALVE

 valve adjusting screw n screw

at the end of a rocker which bears

on a pushrod; used to tilt the

rocker and thus adjust the valve

clearance: ốc chỉnh sú páp

 valve aperture n = VALVE

HOLE

 valve block n = CONTROL

VALVE ASSEMBLY: Cụm van

trong hệ thống thuỷ lực

 valve body n part of the valve

assembly containing plungers,

pistons, springs, etc.: Thân van

 valve body housing = housing

which incorporates the bores in

which the valve spools slide and

the canals which channel the oil

flow: Vỏ thân van (mạch dầu

hộp số)

 valve body separator plate =

plate sandwiched between two

gaskets which separates the upper

and lower parts of the valve body:

tấm ngăn thân van

 valve bounce n bouncing of a

valve on its seat due to the valve

spring resonating at very high

engine speeds: Sự nảy sú páp ở

tốc độ động cơ cao

 valve bushing n = VALVE

GUIDE: Ống lót (kềm) sú páp

 valve cap n screw-on cap for a

tyre valve to prevent the entry of

dirt and dust: Nắp chụp van lốp

xe

 valve clearance n the

operating clearance between the

rocker arm and the valve stem tip

in an overhead valve engine: Khe hở nhiệt của sú páp

 valve clearance depression =

recess in the piston crown: Chỗ lõm trên đỉnh piston

 valve cover n US = ROCKER COVER

 valve crown n = VALVE

HEAD: Đầu sú páp

 valve cut-out n on some four-valve engines at low speed the main rocker arms open only two valves per combustion chamber in order to keep the energy of the gases at high level; with increasing rpm, the energy of the gases becomes sufficiently strong for the remaining two valves to be opened via hydraulic locking

bolts: Hệ thống ngắt bớt 2 sú páp ở tốc độ thấp trong động cơ có 4 sú páp trên 1 xylanh

 valve diameter n inlet valves can be distinguished by their

larger diameter: Đường kính đầu sú páp

 valve float n = VALVE BOUNCE

 valve gear n mechanism that operates the inlet and exhaust valves; includes the cams, pushrods, rocker arms, etc but not

the valves themselves: Cơ cấu đóng mở sú páp

valve grinder or valve grinding tool

n special automotive tool consisting of a wooden haft and rubber suction cup(s) for hand

grinding valves: Dụng cụ mài sú páp

390

 valve grinding compound = an

abrasive compound used for

refacing valve seats: Bột nhám

mài sú páp và đế sú páp (cát

xoáy)

valve guide n replaceable tubular

sleeve through which the stem of

a valve passes; designed to keep

the valve in proper alignment and

to absorb the lateral forces on the

valve stems as well as dissipating

the heat of the valve stem to the

surrounding cylinder head: Ống

kềm sú páp

 valve guide driver = tool for

installing valve guides: Dụng cụ

lắp ống kềm sú páp

 valve guide remover = drift

punch for driving out valve

guides: Dụng cụ tháo ống kềm

sú páp

 valve guide seal = VALVE

STEM SEAL: Phốt sú páp

valve head n the disc at the end of the

valve stem which performs the

sealing operation in a poppet

valve: Đầu sú páp

valve hole n the hole in the rim of a

wheel for mounting tubeless tyres:

Lỗ van trên vành bánh xe

valve keeper n fastener for the valve

stem in the upper valve retainer,

e g a collet: Đai ốc giữ sú páp

(móng ngựa)

 valve lapper n special

automotive tool for grinding

(lapping) valves into valve seats;

some types are power-operated,

thus allowing faster grinding

compared with standard

suction-type valve grinding tools: Dụng cụ để quay sú páp khi xoáy

 valve lapping compound=

COMPOUND

 valve lash n = VALVE CLEARANCE

 valve lift n the distance a valve is lifted from its seat by a cam, usually about a quarter of the

diameter of the port: Khoảng đội sú páp

 valve lifter n (a) any tool that compresses valve springs for

removal and replacement: Dụng cụ nén lò xo sú páp

(b) US = TAPPET: Con đội sú páp

valve overlap n short period between

the opening of the inlet valve and the closing of the exhaust valve,

when both valves are open: góc trùng điệp (cả hai sú páp nạp và thoát trong xy lanh cùng mở)

valve plate n = VALVE BODY

SEPARATOR PLATE

 valve port n the inlet or exhaust port of a four-stroke spark

ignition engine: Cửa hút hoặc cửa thoát trên nắp máy

 valve principle n the original method of ABS control using an electrically operated valve to

control the air pressure: phương pháp điều khiển phanh ABS dùng điện – khí nén

 valve rotator n = ROTOR CAP

valve seat n that part of a valve, or

the part of the cylinder head against which it seats, which

391

contacts the matching part: Đế, bệ

sú páp

 valve seat cutter = special

automotive tool with cutting

blades for use with power tools;

used to cut worn valve seats with

30 or 45 angles: Dụng cụ cắt bệ

sú páp

 valve seat face = annular part

of a valve head located at the

valve seat of the cylinder head:

Mặt bệ sú páp

 valve seat insert or ring =

ringshaped insert of a harder

metal than that of the cylinder

head; the use of valve seat inserts

dispenses with the need for lead

in the fuel to act as a lubricant

between the valve head and seat:

Vòng ghép (dùng kim loại cứng

hơn) của đế sú páp

valve shim n calibrated shim used to

adjust valve clearance on OHV

engines with bucket tappet

assembly; for adjustment, a

calibrated valve shim is placed or

removed from between tappet and

cam: Miếng chêm để chỉnh sú

páp

 valve shim pliers = special

automotive tool for removal and

installation of valve shims: Cái

kìm lắp miếng chêm sú páp

 valve slot n tube-type tyres

require a valve slot instead of a

valve hole to allow the tyre valve

to be removed from the rim; a

thread adaptor is moulded to a

circular rubber patch vulcanized to

the inner tube; the valve stem

casing is then screwed into the

tube adaptor: Rãnh van lốp xe

 valve spool n (in automatic transmission) sliding cylindrical internal part of a valve with one or more sections of reduced

diameter: đầu van dẫn hướng dầu

 valve spring n a coil spring used to close the valves and to keep the exhaust valve closed during the induction stroke, thus acting against the vacuum created

in the cylinder: Lò xo sú páp

 valve spring cap or collar = retaining cap (of inlet /outlet valves) which secures the valve

keeper on the valve stem: miếng giữ lò xo sú páp

 valve spring compressor = special automotive tool used to compress valve springs for removal and replacement; the most common type is a C-shaped

clamp: Dụng cụ ép lò xo sú páp

 valve spring depressor = lever-type tool used to depress valve springs, e g for removal and installation of valve stem

seals: Dụng cụ nhả lò xo sú páp

 valve spring lifter = pliers-type tool with two expanding jaws, used to lift and compress valve springs for removal and

replacement: Kìm tháo lắp lò xo sú páp

 valve spring retainer = VALVE SPRING CAP

 valve spring seat = seat retaining the bottom of the valve

spring: Đế giữ lò xo sú páp

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(opposite to the valve spring cap)

 valve stem n narrow

cylindrical rod which supports the

valve head and moves up and

down in the valve guide: Thân sú

páp

 valve stem seal = oil seal

between the valve and the

cylinder head which prevents

excessive oil leakage from the top

of the cylinder head into the

combustion chamber: Phốt sú páp

 valve stem seal installer =

sleeve-type tool used to push

down valve stem seals for

installation: dụng cụ lắp phốt sú

páp

 valve stem seal pliers = special

pliers for removing valve stem

seals on overhead camshaft

engines: kìm lắp phốt sú páp

 valve timing n the valve timing

of four-stroke engines state at

what crankshaft position with

respect to the dead centres of the

pistons the inlet and exhaust

valves open and close: Sự cân

cam

 valve train n the entire

mechanism from camshaft to

valve that is involved with the

operation of a valve; the valve

and its valve gear: Toàn bộ cơ

cấu điều khiển đóng mở các sú

páp

van n (a) a covered road vehicle for

carrying goods (b) a recreational

vehicle based on the body of a

commercial van, usually with

comfortable, plush interior trim,

often with a bed: Xe tải (chuyên chở hành lý hoặc người)

vane n a blade or plate on a wheel

or hub, especially the stator blade

in a turbine: Cánh đặt trên bánh hoặc trục

 vane-in-rotor pump n = SLIDING-VANE PUMP

 vane-in-stator pump = EXTERNAL VANE PUMP

 vane pump n type of rotary pump with either a slotted rotor and sliding vanes or a rotor with hinged vanes; typically used for air pumps in secondary air injection systems, as a compressor

in air conditioning systems, and in

some transmission systems: Bơm cánh quạt

 vane switch n = HALL VANE SWITCH

 vane wheel impeller n impeller with straight radial

vanes: Bánh công tác có cánh thẳng

vanity mirror n mirror on the inside

of a sun visor: Gương trang điểm

ở mặt trong tấm che nắng

 vanity plate n = PERSON- AL(IZED) NUMBERPLATE

vaporize v to turn into vapour: Làm

cho bốc hơi

vapour n the gaseous form of a

liquid (usually caused by heating): Hơi (do nung nóng chất lỏng)

 vapour canister = ACTIVAT-

ED CARBON CANISTER: Bầu hút hơi xăng bằng than hoạt tính

 vapour degreasing = type of cleaning procedure to remove grease, oil, and loosely attached