a steering geometry = SCRUB RADIUS: Bán kính lái b wheel the distance between the centre line of the rim and the attachment face of the wheel disc at the wheel hub; this dimension can
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Nn
N (gear selector) = NEUTRAL: Số
N trong dãy số của hộp số tự
động
nail punch n = DRIFT PUNCH: Kìm
nhổ đinh
natural frequency n frequency at
which an object, circuit or system
oscillates or vibrates when set in
free vibration: Tần số dao động
tự do
natural gas n alternative,
environmentally friendly fuel
(mainly methane) which can be
stored under pressure in the boot
as compressed natural gas (CNG):
Khí đốt thiên nhiên
naturally aspirated engine n
conventional engine that takes in
air at normal pressure, i e not
turbocharged or supercharged:
Động cơ không tăng áp
(NOTE: opposite is
forced-induction engine)
natural oxide film or skin n
transparent film which forms
naturally on an aluminium surface
due to oxidation: Lớp màng oxit
nhôm
natural rubber (NR) n rubber
which occurs naturally as a
product of the metabolism of
certain trees and plants, notably
trees of the Hevea brasiliensis
species: Cao su tự nhiên
natural weathering n
corrosion test by means of which
the corrosion resistance of a
material is tested in the open air:
Kiểm tra khả năngï ăn mòn của vật liệu khi để ngoài trời
nave n wheel hub: Trục bánh xe
nave plate = hub cap: Nắp
tròn đậy trục bánh xe NCM = NOx-CONTROL MODULE: Bộ kiểm soát khí NOx
NCS = NOISE CANCELLATION SYSTEM: Hệ thống khử tiếng ồn
NDIR analyser n non-dispersive
infrared analyser, used for analysing concentrations of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in
an exhaust gas sample: Máy phân tích hàm lượng CO và CO 2 trong khí thải bằng tia hồng ngoại
NDT method n non-destructive
testing method, such as ultrasonic testing, X-ray testing,
dye-penetrant testing: Phương pháp nghiên cứu không phá hủy như dùng siêu âm, X-quang…
nearside (n/s) n the side of a
vehicle nearest the kerb (when
driving): Phía xe gần sát với lề đường
necking n when ductile test specimens are subjected to a tensile test, they exhibit necking when the tensile force exceeds the yield strength of the material; necking results in a reduction of area, measured in percent after
break of the specimen: Phần thắt lại của vật mẫu khi thử sức căng
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needle n (a) indicator or pointer on
an instrument or gauge: Kim chỉ
báo, kim đồng hồ
(b) tapered, needle-shaped pin in
a carburettor jet: Kim ga
needle bearing n roller
bearing with long thin rollers: Ổ bi
kim, ổ bi đũa dài
needle-nose pliers n =
LONG-NOSE PLIERS: Kìm mỏ
nhọn
needle valve n (i) valve with a
needle-shaped pin that can be
moved to control the flow of a
fluid: Van kim trong hệ thống
thuỷ lực
(ii) in a carburettor, valve which
controls the amount of petrol
flowing from the pump to the float
chamber: Van kim trong bộ chế
hòa khí
EGR valve n = NEGATIVE
TRANSDUCER VALVE: Van
tuần hoàn khí thải
negative camber see
CAMBER: Độ nghiêng vào trong
của bánh xe (góc camber âm)
negative castor n (steering
geometry) when an imaginary line
extended through the steering axis
meets the ground behind the
extended vertical axis through the
wheel centre: Độ nghiêng của
trục bánh xe hướng về trước
(góc castor âm)
negative electrode n =
NEGATIVE PLATE: Bản cực
âm (ắc quy)
negative plate n during
battery discharge, the grey plate
which acts as anode: Bản cực âm (bình ắc-quy)
(NOTE: opposite is positive plate)
negative spark n a spark that jumps from the negative centre electrode to the positive earth electrode of the sparking plug, allowing a reduction in the high
voltage require: Tia lửa điện phóng từ điện cực giữa của bougie với điện thế âm sang điện cực bìa với điện thế dương
negative suction head n =
SUCTION LIFT: Chiều cao cột hút âm
negative terminal n black battery terminal with a minus symbol indicating negative
polarity: Cọc âm
negative transducer EGR
valve n valve used on engines
with a relatively low back pressure to provide the desired opening point and exhaust gas
recycling rate: Van tuần hoàn khí thải
negative wheel offset or
negative wheel dish(ing) n =
NEGATIVE OFFSET
nerf bar n US type of front bumper
guard, typically made of chrome-plated steel tubing; extends horizontally from below front end and is curved upward; a pair of nerf bars is usually braced by a
horizontal crossbar (NOTE: in Australia called roo bar): Thanh đỡ va (thanh cản trước) làm bằng thép mạ crome hoặc inox
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Nernst equation n relationship
showing that the electromotive
force developed by a dry cell is
determined by the activities of the
reacting species, the temperature
of the reaction, and the standard
free-energy change of the overall
reaction: Công thức Nernst tính
sức điện động của pin khô
neutral 1 a (a) not having any
marked characteristics: Không có
đặc điểm rõ rệt
neutral handling = having
neither oversteer nor understeer:
Bẻ lái không dư cũng không
thiếu
(b) having a pH of 7, i e neither
alkaline nor acid: Trung tính
(hoá)
2 n position of the gearbox in
which no gear is engaged;
indicated by the letter N on
automatic gear selectors: Tay số
N (số mo)
new-old-stock (NOS) part n new
genuine spares for older models,
referring mostly to spare parts that
are normally no longer produced:
Phụ tùng mới cho các xe đời cũ
không còn sản xuất
NiCaSil n nickel-silicon plating used
e g on the cylinder walls of
certain light-weight
high-performance engines; reduces
weight and friction and improves
heat transfer: Lớp mạ
nickel-silicon trên thành xy lanh
nickel plating n thin coating of
nickel deposited on a surface by
electrolysis: Lớp mạ kền
nipple n (a) (lubrication) small,
one-way valve used for injecting
grease into a bearing: Núm tra mỡ, núm vô mỡ
(b) (bleeding) short, steel tube
holding a thin rubber or plastic tube used for bleeding hydraulic
fluid: Ốc xả gió
nippy a (of a motor vehicle) small
and relatively powerful: Nhỏ nhưng mạnh (xe)
nitriding n (of a steel surface)
hardening by heating for several hours in ammonia gas; used on
crankshafts: Tôi bề mặt trục khuỷu bằng cách nung trong amoniac
nitrocellulose paint n paint giving a
deep, lustrous finish: Lớp sơn nitơ xenluloza
nitrogen oxides (NOx) n general
term for an unknown mixture of nitrogen oxides, usually nitric
oxide and nitrogen dioxide: Khí nitơ oxit
noble metal n precious metal (such as
gold, silver, mercury, platinum) which conducts electricity very well, resists corrosion and is inert; some are used as catalysts in
catalytic converters: Kim loại quý
no-claims bonus n reduction in
insurance premiums because no
claims have been made: Tiền thưởng (giảm tiền bảo hiểm) nhờ lái xe an toàn
noise cancellation or reduction n the
reduction of noise by means of anti-noise loudspeakers: Khử tiếng ồn
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noise cancellation system
(NCS) = ANTI-NOISE SYSTEM:
Hệ thống khử tiếng ồn
nominal capacity n = RATED
CAPACITY: Dung lượng định
mức
nominal diameter n
characteristic value used for
pipeline systems to identify parts
which belong together such as
pipes, pipe joints, fittings, etc; a
nominal size for the inside
diameter: Đường kính định mức
nominal engine speed n =
RATED SPEED: Tốc độ động cơ
định mức
nominal length n (i) length of
the shank of screws/bolts with flat
bearing faces; (ii) length of shank
plus height of head of countersunk
bolts/screws; (iii) overall length of
a stud minus the length of the stud
end: Chiều dài, độ dài định mức
của bu lông
nominal pressure n =
RATED PRESSURE: Áp suất
định mức
nominal (thread) diameter n
= MAJOR DIAMETER: Đường
kính (ren) định mức
nominal voltage n = RATED
VOLTAGE: Điện áp định mức
non-destructive testing (NDT) see
NDT METHOD: Phương pháp
kiểm tra không phá hủy
non-dispersive infrared
analyser see NDIR ANALYSER:
Máy phân tích khí thải dùng tia
hồng ngoại
non-ferrous metal n metal that
is not based on iron; includes
aluminium, copper, magnesium,
etc.: Kim loại màu non-self-priming pump n a centrifugal pump which is unable
to evacuate and prime the suction
line without external assistance: Bơm ly tâm không tự mồi
(NOTE: opposite is self-priming pump)
non-servo brake n drum brake
design; each brake shoe is anchored, therefore no one shoe can assist in the application of the other; one shoe is self-energizing,
the other is not: Phanh không trợ lực
Nordberg key n round key: Chìa
khóa tròn
Nordic Anti-Corrosion Code n (for
passenger cars) code developed
by the Scandinavian automobile and consumer associations which stipulates that, as of January 1983, all cars must be free of surface corrosion for three years and free
of perforation and weakening
damage for six years: Luật bảo vệ người tiêu dùng ở một số nước Bắc Âu quy định xe du lịch không được rỉ bề mặt trong 3 năm, không bị thủng trong 6 năm
normal zinc technology see LOW
ZINC TECHNOLOGY
normally aspirated engine n
= NATURALLY ASPIRATED
ENGINE: Động cơ không tăng áp
north-south layout n engine layout
with the cylinders lying lengthways from the front (north)
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to the back (south): Động cơ đặt
theo chiều dọc
(NOTE: also called longitudinal
engine)
NOS = NEW-OLD-STOCK (PART):
Phụ tùng mới cho xe đời cũ
nose n the front end of a vehicle: Mặt
trước của xe hơi
nose-to-tail n driving mode in
rush-hour traffic;
bumper-to-bumper: Xe chạy nối đuôi nhau
nose-up a description of the
towing vehicle if the vehicle being
towed is too heavy: Tình trạng
của xe kéo nếu xe được kéo quá
nặng
nose dive n = BRAKE DIVE:
Phanh bị đâm
nosepiece n insert for pop-rivet
pliers that is used to allow various
pop-rivet diameters to be used:
Đầu nạp đi vê
nose protector n.cover, usually of
black soft plastic sheeting with
flannel-like backing, that fits
around the front end of a car: Vật
bảo vệ mũi xe bằng chất dẻo
(NOTE: also called nose bra)
nose weight n vertical weight on the
centre of the towing ball exerted
by the vehicle being towed (on
level ground): Trọng lượng đứng
ở tâm móc kéo khi kéo xe
no-spin differential n =
LIMITED-SLIP DIFFERENTIAL: Bộ
truyền động vi sai giới hạn trượt
notchy a (changing of gears) not
smooth, causing a slight crashing
of gears; often caused by the
clutch failing to disengage fully:
Tiếng kêu khi vào số do ly hợp không nhả hết
NOx (symbol for) NITROGEN OXIDES: Khí NOx
NOx-Control module NCM = digital ignition control module for retrofitting to cars with Motronic engine control; modifies ignition timing characteristics for lower
NOx emissions: Bộ phận kiểm soát khí NOx
nozzle n jet, hole, or special fitting at
the end of a pipe for controlling
what comes out: Vòi phun
nozzle restrictor n restrictor
in the fuel filler neck of cars fitted with catalytic converters that prevents filling from leaded petrol pumps, which have larger pump
nozzles: Lỗ đổ xăng dùng cho xăng không chì (nhỏ hơn)
NR = NATURAL RUBBER: Cao su thiên nhiên
n/s = NEARSIDE: Phía lề
nudge bar n = NERF BAR: Thanh
cản trước
numberplate n plate on the front and
back of a vehicle, showing its
registration number: Bảng đăng ký (bảng số xe ô tô)
(NOTE: US English is license plate)
numberplate lamp = lamp providing white illumination of
the rear numberplate: Đèn bảng số
nut n small, metal block with a
threaded central hole so that it can
be screwed on to a bolt, screw,
etc.: Đai ốc
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nut cracker or splitter = tool
used to crack open stubborn nuts
without damaging the bolt or stud
thread: Dụng cụ đục đai ốc (khi
mở khó)
nut driver or spinner =
SOCKET DRIVER: Cần siết nụ
nut starter = tool used to hold
nuts for easy placement in tight
locations: Dụng cụ giữ đai ốc khi
siết những chỗ hẹp
nut thread = internal thread of
a nut: Đường ren bên trong của
đai ốc
nylon nut n self-locking nut with
nylon insert: Đai ốc tự hãm có lồng ni lông
nylon n tough, versatile, synthetic material; can be used in
sheet, fibre, or solid form: Ni lông
nylon hammer = soft face
hammer with a nylon face: Búa ni lông (nhựa)
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Oo
obstruction spanner n bent ring
spanner for reaching around
manifold and other obstacles to
work on parts with difficult access,
such as starter or alternators: Cần
siết dùng cho những vùng động
cơ khó luồn tay
OC = OVERHEAD CAMSHAFT:
Trục cam trên nắp máy
ocean liner blast horn n horn which
imitates the deep bellow of an
ocean liner horn: Còi xe bắt
chước tiếng còi hơi của tàu biển
octagonal (head) bolt n bolt with
an eight-sided head: Bu-lông đầu
bát giác
octagon nut n nut with
eight-sided: Đai ốc bát giác
octane number (ON) or octane
rating n the measure of a
fuel’s anti-knock rating; the
average of Research Octane
Number (RON) and Motor Octane
Number (MON): Chỉ số ôctan
OD = OVERDRIVE: Số cao nhất
trong hộp số tự động, số OD
OUTER DIAMETER: Đường kính
ngoài
odometer n incorporated in the
speedometer, the odometer
indicates total mileage of the
vehicle, in miles or kilometres,
either mechanically or
electronically: Đồng hồ đo
quãng đường đã đi của xe
OE (M) = ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT
(MANUFACTURER): Thiết bị
chính hãng (nhà sản xuất)
offer up v to bring a part close to or
in contact with another, ready to
fit the pieces together: Lắp chi tiết này vào chi tiết khác
off-line a independent of the main
production process line; characterized by a separate
operation: Hoạt động độc lập với dây chuyền sản xuất
off-line painting = painting of parts, mostly plastic parts, outside
the actual painting line: Sơn các chi tiết bằng nhựa ngoài dây
chuyền sơn
off-road vehicle n 4wd vehicle with
locking differential for use on
rough terrain: Xe địa hình, xe việt dã
offset 1 a set at an angle or to one
side: Đặt một góc, một phía
2 n (a) (steering geometry) =
SCRUB RADIUS: Bán kính lái (b) (wheel) the distance
between the centre line of the rim and the attachment face of the wheel disc at the wheel hub; this dimension can either be positive,
negative, or zero.: Khoảng cách giữa đường tâm vành bánh xe với mặt gá lắp đĩa bánh xe ở trục bánh xe (khoảng cách này có thể dương, âm hoặc bằng không)
offset angle n angle of the offset
crankpins in V-engines: Góc lệch khuỷu (trong động cơ chữ V)
offset crankshaft n crankshaft
layout whereby the axes of the
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crankshaft and the piston pin do
not intersect: Kiểu trục khuỷu
mà trên hình chiếu tâm của trục
khuỷu không cắt ắc piston
offset handle n drive handle for use
with sockets, with one end set at
90o to the handle: Tay quay dùng
cho tuýp có đầu lệch 90 o
offset power steering n =
LINKAGE POWER STEERING:
Lái có trợ lực liên kết bằng
thanh lái
offset screwdriver n
screwdriver with either straight or
cross-head tips or a combination
of both, and the two ends set at
right angles to the shank: Tuốc nơ
vít có tay quay ngang
offset twin n typical
motorcycle engine with the two
crankpins offset by 1800: Loại
động cơ xe gắn máy có độ lệch
giữa hai chốt khuỷu bằng 180 0
offset wrench n L-shaped
tool for turning recessed screws:
Thanh mở bu-lông chìm hình L
off shape or off colour n colour
mismatch due to wrong paint
mixing or application: Sai màu
(sơn)
offside o/s n side of the vehicle
farthest away from the kerb (when
driving): Bên xe xa lề đường (có
thể trái hoặc phải tuỳ theo tay
lái thuận hay nghịch)
off-the-car balancing n balancing
the wheel after it has been
removed from the car: Cân bằng
động bánh xe ngoài xe
(NOTE: opposite is on-the-car
balancing)
off-the-dolly panel beating n
metalworking technique used to hammer out dents in the
bodywork: Gò không dùng đe OHC = OVERHEAD CAMSHAFT: Trục cam trên nắp máy
ohmmeter n instrument designed for
measuring electric resistance: Ôm kế
OHV-engine n = OVERHEAD
VALVE ENGINE: Động cơ có súpap trên nắp máy
oil n the oil used to lubricate an
engine (engine oil) is refined from crude oil and apart from reducing friction and wear, cools high-temperature parts like bearings and piston rings (as well
as sealing the latter against blow-by) and helps to keep engines clean and free from corrosion
caused by combustion gases: Dầu (nhớt) bôi trơn động cơ, nhớt
oil additive n any one of a variety
of chemicals added to engine oils
to improve their performance: Các chất phụ gia của dầu (nhớt) động cơ
oil and water extractor n
TRANSFORMER: Bộ phận tách dầu(nhớt) và nước trong máy nén
oil breather pipe n crankcase
breather pipe used prior to engine emission control systems to remove fumes and pressure from
the engine crankcase (NOTE: US English is roaddraft tube): Ống thông hơi các te
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oil can n (a) container with a long,
thin nozzle for lubricating
machinery
(b) shallow dent in a panel that
causes the panel to warp: Bình
dầu (nhớt) với vòi nhỏ và dài
oil change n draining and replacing
the engine oil in regular intervals
(ideally every six months): Chu
kỳ thay dầu (nhớt), thời hạn
thay dầu (nhớt)
oil circulation n passing of oil
round the engine: Sự lưu thông
dầu (nhớt) trong động cơ
oil consumption n amount of oil an
engine uses: Độï tiêu hao nhớt
trong động cơ
oil control orifice valve n
valve located in the feed line
between cylinder head: Van tiết
lưu dầu (nhớt)
oil control ring = OIL
SCRAPER RING: Vòng găng
gạt dầu (nhớt) (xéc-măng dầu
(nhớt))
oil cooler n small, air- or
coolant-cooler, radiator-like device
designed too decrease the
temperature of the oil in the
engine to approx 185o F: Bình
giải nhiệt dầu (nhớt) (bằng nước
hoặc gió)
oil cooler bypass valve =
oil-temperature controlled valve
which closes the oil circuit thought
the oil is still cold; similar function
as the thermostat in the engine
cooling system: Van hằng nhiệt
trong bình (két) giải nhiệt dầu
(nhớt)
oil drain plug n SUMP DRAIN
PLUG: Ốc xả dầu (nhớt) cac-te
oil drain valve = valve in an upright oil filter housing which lets oil drain into the sump when the filter element is removed;
prevent oil spill: Van dẫn dầu (nhớt) vào các te khi tháo lọc
oil duct or oil passage or oil
way n pipe or passage through
which oil flows under pressure: Ống dẫn dầu (nhớt) hoặc đường ống dầu (nhớt) hoặc rãnh dầu (nhớt), đường dẫn dầu (nhớt)
oiler n (a) = CAM LUBRICATOR: Bộ phận bôi trơn cam (vít lửa)
(b) = OIL CAN: Bình dầu (nhớt), bình châm dầu (nhớt)
oil filler cap n cap covering the
oil filler hole: Nắp đậy lỗ châm dầu (nhớt)
oil filler hole = hole through which oil is poured into the engine (usually situated on top of the
rocker cover): Lỗ châm nhớt
oil filter n device for trapping dirt in lubricating or hydraulic oil; usually either a full- flow filter or
a bypass filter with the filter elementmade of pleated paper,
gauze, ceramic or fine wire mesh: Bộ lọc dầu (nhớt)
oil filter bypass valve = valve
in or near the oil filter which routes the oil unfiltered directly to the lubricating points; it comes into operation when the oil filter is clogged so that pressure across the filter is higher than the pressure needed to overcome the oil filter
Trang 10244
bypass valve spring: Van an toàn
trong lọc dầu (nhớt)
oil filter cartridge = (i) the
type of oil filter usually used on
automotive engines which comes
complete with filter and housing,
and where both components are
replaced together (ii) a paper or
textile insert for the oil filter
housing (quite commonly used on
motorcycle engines where e.g the
main filter is a disposable
cartridge, while a filter screen is
located on the bottom of the oil
pump): Lưới lọc dầu (nhớt)
oil filter housing = case
surrounding an oil filter: Vỏ bộ
lọc dầu (nhớt)
oil filter wrench = special
automotive tool for the removal
and installation of oil filters; they
come in a variety of shapes, e.g
as strap wrenches, chain
wrenches, or special cup-style end
cap oil filter wrenches: Khóa mở
lọc dầu (nhớt)
oil gallery n passage running the
length of the cylinder block
through which oil under pressure
flows before passing into the
bearings (via holes in the cylinder
block): Mạch dầu (nhớt) trong
thân máy
oil gauge n OIL PRESSURE
GAUGE: Dụng cụ đo áp suất
dầu (nhớt)
oil grade n rating of an oil
according to its viscosity: Loại
dầu (nhớt) theo độ nhớt
oil groove n recess designed
to either accommodate or
transport lubricant: Rãnh dẫn dầu (nhớt) để bôi trơn
oil immersed clutch n =
WET CLUTCH: Ly hợp ngâm trong dầu (nhớt) (ly hợp ướt)
oil level n depth of oil in
sump, gearbox or rear axle: Mực dầu (nhớt), mức dầu (nhớt)
oil level gauge = dial on the instrument panel that indicates the oil level; operates when the ignition is switched on and stops shortly after the engine starts to
run: Đồng hồ báo mực dầu
oil level sensor = sensor mounted in the sump that supplies information on the engine oil level
to the corresponding on the engine oil level to the corresponding
gauge: Cảm biến mực dầu (nhớt)
oil pan n US = SUMP:
Máng dầu (nhớt)
oil pick-up (pipe) n pipe or tube from the strainer to the oil
pump in the sump: (Ống dẫn) dầu (nhớt) về các te tư ølọc
oil pressure n the lubrication point of the engine will only be lubricated sufficiently if, in addition to the oil quantity required, the oil pressure is also sufficient; the oil pressure is
maintained be the oil pump: Áp suất dầu (nhớt)
oil pressure gauge: Áp kế dầu
(nhớt), đồng hồ áp suất dầu (nhớt)
oil pressure sensor = sensor mounted above the oil filter that supplies information on the engine oil pressure to the corresponding