Cụm từ chỉ kết quả phrases of result Cụm từ chỉ kết quả thường có TOO quá hoặc ENOUGH đủ.. Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả Adverbial clauses off result Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả là mện
Trang 1S + be (look, seem, become, get ) + too + adj (+ for + O) + to-infinitive S +
V(thường) + too + adv (+ for + O) + to-infinitive.
S + be + adj + enough (+ for + O) + to-infinitive
S + V(thường) + adv + enough (+ for + O) + to-infinitive
PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF RESULT (CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ KẾT
QUẢ)
I Cụm từ chỉ kết quả (phrases of result)
Cụm từ chỉ kết quả thường có TOO (quá) hoặc ENOUGH (đủ).
1 TOO (quá không thể)
Ex: He is too short to play basketball
Tom ran too slowly to become the
winner of the race This book is too dull
for you to read
Lưu ý:
Too thường được dùng trong câu có nghĩa phủ định (quá không thể).
2 ENOUGH (đủ để có thể)
Ex: Mary isn’t old enough to drive a car
She speaks Spanish well enough to be
an interpreter It is cold enough to
wear a heavy jacket
II Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả (Adverbial clauses off result)
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ kết quả là mệnh đề phụ được dùng để chỉ kết quả do hành động của mệnh đề
chính gây ra
1 SO THAT (quá đến nỗi)
Ex: It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything
result
S + V (thường) + so + adv+ that + S + V
Trang 2The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.
Lưu ý:
Nếu động từ trong mệnh đề chính là các động từ chi tri giác như look, appear, seem, feel, taste, smell, sound, …, ta dùng cùng công thức với động từ to be.
Ex: The little girl looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for her
The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more
- Nếu sau so có many, much, few, little thì ta có cấu trúc:
Ex: The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team
I had so few job offers that it wasn’t difficult
to select one There are so many people in
the room that I feel tired
Ex: He has invested so much money in the project that he can’t abandon it now
The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat
Một cấu trúc khác của SO THAT
Ex: It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors
It was so interesting a book that he couldn’t put it down
2 SUCH THAT (quá đến nỗi)
Ex: It was such a hot day that we decided to stay at home
She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is
jealous of her There are such beautiful pictures
that everybody will want one It is such an
intelligent boy that we all admire him
S + V + so + much/ little + uncountable noun + that + S + V
(danh từ không đếm được)
S + V + so + adj + a + singular countable noun + that
(danh từ đếm được số ít)
S + V + such + (a/ an) + adj + N + that + S + V
S + V + so + many/few + plural countable noun + that + S + V
(danh từ đếm được số nhiều)
Trang 3This is such difficult homework that I will never finish it.
EXERCISES
I Use SO or SUCH.
1 The sun shone brightly that Maria had to put on her sunglasses
2 Dean was a powerful swimmer that he always won the races
3 There were few students registered that the class was cancelled
4 We had wonderful memories of that place that we decided to return
5 We had good a time at the party that we hated to leave
6 The benefit was great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it
7 It was a nice day that we decided to go to the beach
8 Jane looked sick that the nurse told her to go home
9 Those were difficult assignments that we spent two weeks finishing them
10 Ray called at an early hour that we weren’t awake yet
11 The book looked interesting that he decided to read it
12 He worked carefully that it took him a long time to complete the project
13 We stayed in the sun for a long time that we became sunburned
14 There were many people on the bus that we decided to walk
15 The program was entertaining that nobody wanted to miss it
II Make sentences with SO THAT.
1 The lesson is very difficult Nobody can understand it
2 The work is very hard I can’t finish it on time
3 This novel was very interesting I couldn’t put it down
4 This song is very simple All of us can sing it
5 My brothers and sisters were very excited about the trip They couldn’t sleep
III Make sentences with SUCH THAT.
1 The house is very expensive Nobody can buy it
2 The boy is very nice We all like him
3 The weather was very cold We couldn’t go out
4 The room was very dark I couldn’t see anything
5 The day was nice We decided to go to the beach
IV Combine two sentences, using so THAT or SUCH THAT.
1 The sun shone brightly Maria had to put on her sunglasses
2 Dean was a powerful swimmer He always won the races
3 There were few students registered The class was cancelled
4 The house was beautiful I took a picture of it
5 This coffee is strong I can’t drink it
6 This is a good film I want to see it again and again
7 There was a lot of food Everyone ate too much
8 There were a lot of guests There wasn’t enough food
9 I ate a lot of sandwiches I felt uneasy
10 David has a lot of work to do He can’t come tonight
11 He was very sick He was sent to the hospital
12 It was very dark He couldn’t see anything
13 He has very wide knowledge We can’t help admiring him
Trang 414 His conduct is very good All his teachers love him.
15 Mary has a beautiful voice We all like to hear her sing
16 John is still very weak He can’t walk without a stick
17 My father has a very good health He seldom takes any medicines
18 There is too much noise We can’t learn our lessons
19 My friend is very strong He can lift up the table by himself
20 Bill is an intelligent boy He is always at the top of his class
V Use SUCH instead of SO to rewrite the sentences below.
1 He is so clever that he can answer all my questions
2 Mr Keller is so rich that he can give the charitable society one million dollars
3 This city is so large that I’ve got lost
4 That day was so nice that all of us went out for a walk
5 This shop is so small that we don’t take notice of it
6 That fish was so big that it could weigh fifty kilos
7 The test we did yesterday was so difficult that we couldn’t finish it an hour
8 The play we saw yesterday was so bad that we went out by halves
9 The story he told us was so funny that I couldn’t help laughing
10 Jane’s conduct is so good that everybody likes her
11 Mary’s voice is so beautiful that we all like to hear her sing
12 Miss Snow’s ring is so valuable that she keeps it very carefully
13 Your dog is so fierce that nobody dares to approach it
14 His house is so beautiful that he doesn’t want to sell it
15 Our car is so old that we must repair it three times a month
VI Complete the following sentences.
1 That lesson was so difficult that
2 The goods were so good that
3 We enjoyed the music so much that
4 He is such a busy man that
5 They are such big shoes that
6 He spoke so fast that
7 He worked so hard that
8 Distances are so great that
9 The mountains are so high that
10 I have so many things to do that
11 This is such a heavy package that
12 It is such a warm day that
13 That was such a good movie that
14 We had such a good time that
15 This is such a difficult lesson that
16 There is so much noise here that
17 That book is so interesting that
18 They are such high mountains that
19 She speaks with such speed that
20 She is such a busy person that
VII Use the construction TOO + to-infinitive to rewrite the sentences below.
Trang 51 It was so cold that we didn’t want to go out.
2 Mr Pike is so weak that he can’t walk without a stick
3 The ground is so hard that we can’t dig it
4 The elephant is so big that it can’t run fast
5 Your handwriting is so bad that I can’t read it
6 This man is so old that he can’t work
7 These shoes are so big that I can wear them
8 These goods are so expensive that they can’t be sold quickly
9 She walked so fast that her younger sister couldn’t follow her
10 I got up so late that I didn’t have time to eat breakfast
VIII Rewrite the sentences below, using ENOUGH instead of TOO
1 He is too old to wear this coloured shirt
2 She is too weak to carry this bag
3 This pen is too expensive for me to buy
4 Bill is too foolish to understand what I say
5 This bag is too heavy for her to carry
6 The test was too difficult for them to do
7 That sentence was too long for me to memorize
8 The land is too poor to grow crops
9 The room is too noisy for us to study
10 This book is too dull to read
11 We were too late to get good seats
12 Jack is too lazy to make progress in his study
13 I’m too poor to help you with the money
14 These oranges are too sour for us to eat
15 The shelf is too high for the boy to reach
16 This road is too dangerous for her to go at night
17 The water in this pool is too dirty to drink
18 Martha is too ugly to have a boyfriend
19 This room is too dark for us to study
20 He studied too badly to pass his exam
IX Fill in the blanks with SO MUCH or SO MANY.
1 We have problems that we can’t go to bed early
2 Why have you got furniture?
3 There was food that everyone ate too much
4 There were guests that there wasn’t enough food
5 Why did you buy beer?
6 Doctor Simmon has patients that he’s always busy
7 I ate sandwiches that I felt ill
8 My father has work to do that he can’t come back home tonight
9 Why did he drink wine?
10 They drank wine that they couldn’t walk
Trang 611 His mother asks him to take things that he can’t put all of them into his suitcase
12 There are places of interest in London that Jane can’t decide where to go first
13 It took Jane time to listen to her roommate
14 There was noise in the room that I couldn’t work
15 There are planets in the universe that we can’t count them