+* air pollution /eər pəˈluːʃn/ sự ô nhiễm không khí deforestation /diːfɒrɪ steɪʃn/ sự phá rừng do a survey /duː ə ˈsɜːveɪ/ thực hiện một nghiên cứu đó noise pollution /nɔɪz pəˈluːʃən/
Trang 11 A finite B highlight C highway D financial
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11 1
OUR GREENER WORLD
PRONOUNCIATION
Task 1 Choose the word whose main stressed syllable is placed differently from that of the other
Task 2 Circle the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently
Trang 2+*
air pollution /eər pəˈluːʃn/ sự ô nhiễm không khí
deforestation /diːfɒrɪ steɪʃn/ sự phá rừng
do a survey /duː ə ˈsɜːveɪ/
thực hiện một nghiên cứu
đó))
noise pollution /nɔɪz pəˈluːʃən/ sự ô nhiễm tiếng ồn
plastic bottle /ˈplæstɪk ˈbɒtl/ vỏ chai nhựa
prepare (for) /prɪˈpeər fɔːr/ chuẩn bị
OUR GREENER WORLD
11
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VOCABULARY
Trang 3president /ˈprezɪdənt/ tổng thống
recycling bin /riːˈsaɪklɪŋ bɪn/ thùng rác
soil pollution /sɔɪl pəˈluːʃən/ sự ô nhiễm đất
water pollution /ˈwɔːtər pəˈluːʃən/ sự ô nhiễm nước
Task 1 Look at the pictures and complete the blanks with the words given. 4………
2………
1……… 3………
7………
5………
… 8………
6………
Task 2 Write the names of natural wonders.
Trang 41 A large area of land where there is almost no water, rains, trees, or plants
2 A large area of water that flows towards the sea
3 A large area of water that is surrounded by land
4 A piece of land that is completely surrounded by water
5 A place where a stream or river falls down from a high place
6 A large area of land that is covered with a lot of trees
7 A low area of land between mountains or hills
8 A large hole in the side of a hill or under the ground
1 reuse a to keep something to use in the future
2 reduce b to give something to someone in exchange for something else
3 recycle c to use something again
4 save d to make something start working
5 wrap e to make something less
6 swap f to cover something completely in paper
7 turn on g to make something stop working
8 turn off h to treat waste materials so that they can be used again
1 People should _ noise
2 _ can be recycled
3 My older sister often _ old envelopes to decorate her room
A reuses B reduces C recycles D All are correct
4 We shouldn’t use _ to store food, let’s use bags made of naturalmaterials
Water fall lake forest cave desert island valley river
Task 3 Match the word with its meaning.
Task 4 Choose the best option to fill in the blank.
Trang 5A plastic bottles B can C paper bags D plastic bags
5 Lan always _ books and clothes with her friends and cousins
6 You should put used cans and glass bottles into _
C organic green bins D All are correct
7 We should use _ plastic boxes or bottles because they are good forhealth and safe for the environment
A reusable B refillable C recyclable D All are correct
8 Soil pollution _ many bad effects on ecosystems and human life
9 Many plants and animals die because of _
10 The air in this city is _ by emissions from nearby factories
A exchanged B reduced C polluted D All are correct
11 The _ of water pollution is the death of many types of fishes
12 Rising sea level can make some cities _
+*
1 Câu điều kiện loại 1
a Form
If clause Main clause
(+) If + S +V(s/es), S + will/ can/ may + V-inf
b Use
Dùng để diễn tả một hành động hoặc một tình huống có thể xảy ra trong tương lainếu điều kiện ở mệnh đề chính được thỏa mãn
Ví dụ:
If he tries much more, he will improve his English
(Nếu anh ấy chăm chỉ hơn nữa, anh ấy sẽ cải thiện được vốn tiếng Anh của anh ấy.)
If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam
(Nếu bạn không học hành chăm chỉ, bạn sẽ trượt kỳ thi.)
2 Articles (Mạo từ)
2.1 Indefinite articles: a, an (Mạo từ không xác định: a, an)
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GRAMMAR
Trang 6•Mạo từ không xác định a.
Dùng trước danh từ đếm được (số ít) khi danh từ đó bắt đầu bằng 1 phụ âm và danh
từ đó chưa được xác định (bất định)
Ví dụ:a banana, a book.
• Mạo từ không xác định an.
Dùng như mạo từ a nhưng danh từ theo sau a phải bắt đầu bằng 1 nguyên âm (trong
cách phát âm) hoặc 1 “h” câm
Ví dụ:an apple, an orange, an hour, an honest man
2.2.Definite articles: the (Mạo từ xác định: the)
Mạo từ xác định “the” được dùng trước một danh từ để diễn tả một (hoặc nhiều)người, vật, sự vật nào đó đã được xác định rồi Nghĩa là cả người nói và người ngheđều biết đối tượng được đề cập tới
Ví dụ:
My mother is in the garden
Mẹ tôi đang ở trong vườn.
My father is reading in the room
Bố tôi đang đọc sách trong phòng.
Các trường hợp dùng “the” khác thường gặp.
• Chỉ một người, vật duy nhất tồn tại
Ví dụ:
The earth goes around the sun
Trái đất quay quanh mặt trời.
The sun rises in the East
Mặt trời mọc hướng đông.
•Chỉ một vật dùng tượng trưng cho cả loài
Ví dụ:
The horse is a noble animal
Ngựa là một loài động vật cao quý.
The dog is a faithful animal
Chó là một loài động vật trung thành.
•Trong dạng so sánh nhất
Ví dụ:
She is the most beautiful girl in this class
Cô ấy xinh nhất lớp này
Paris is the biggest city in France
Pari là thành phố lớn nhất nước Pháp
• Trước 1 tính từ được dùng làm danh từ để chỉ 1 lớp người và thường có nghĩa sốnhiều
Ví dụ:
The old in this village are very friendly
Người già trong làng này rất thân thiện.
The poor depend upon the rich
Người nghèo phụ thuộc vào người giàu.
• Trước danh từ riêng (proper noun) số nhiều để chỉ vợ chồng hay cả họ (cả gia đình)
Ví dụ:
The Smiths always go fishing in the country on Sundays
Trang 7Gia đình ông Smith luôn đi câu cá ở vùng quê vào ngày Chủ nhật.
Do you know the Browns?
Cậu có biết gia đình ông Brown không?
•Trước tên: rặng núi, sông, quần đảo, vịnh, biển, đại dương, tên sách và báo chí, vàtên các chiếc tàu
Ví dụ:The Philippines, the Times
•Trước danh từ về dân tộc, giáo phái để chỉ toàn thể
Ví dụ:
The Chinese, the Americans and the French were at war with the Germans
Người Trung Quốc, Người Mỹ và người Pháp đều chiến tranh với người Đức.
The Catholics and the Protestants believe in Christ
Người theo đạo Công giáo và đạo Tin lành đều tin vào Chúa.
•Trước tên nhạc cụ
Ví dụ:
I could play the guitar when I was 6
Tôi có thể chơi đàn ghi ta khi tôi 6 tuổi.
• Khi sau danh từ đó có of
2 The workmen went to church to repair the roof
3 Carol went to prison to meet her brother
4 This morning I bought a newspaper and a magazine newspaper is in
my bag but I don’t know where magazine
5 My parents have cat and dog The dog never bites the cat
6 We live in big house in middle of the village
7 I’m looking for job Did Mary get job she applied for?
8 Did police find person who stole your bicycle?
9 We went out for meal last night restaurant we went wasexcellent
Thông thường ta không dùng the trước tên 1 môn học.
Chú ý:
Task 1 Choose the correct answers.
Trang 810 As I was walking along the street, I saw 10 note on pavement.
I Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses.
1 If I see him, I (give) him a lift
2 The table will collapse if you (stand) on it
3 If he (eat) all, he will be full
4 If I find your passport, I (telephone) you at once
5 The police (arrest) him if they catch him
6 If he (read) in bad light, he will ruin his eyes
7 Someone (steal) your car if you leave it unlocked
8 What will happen if my parachute (not open) ?
9 If he (wash) my car, I’ll give him $10
10.If she (need) a radio, she c an borrow me
II Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
1 We (stay) at home if it rains.
2 She will call you if she (have) time.
3 If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go for a picnic.
4 If everyone _(recycle) paper, metal and glass, we _ (not produce) so
much rubbish
5 If you (not water) plants, they (die).
6 If the weather (be) bad, we (not go) to the park.
7 We _ (save) thousands of trees if we _ (not waste) so much paper.
8 What _ (happen) if we _ (keep) polluting the environment.
9 If we (not stop) cutting down so many trees, we (endanger) our
oxygen supply
10.If people (dump) chemicals into rivers, they _ (not be) able to
swim in them in the future
III Complete the sentences with the correct form or tense of the verbs in brackets.
1 If people share their cars to go to work, there (not be) so many car fumes.
2 I _ (study) here for more than three years.
3 What a nice dress! Where (you/ buy) it?
4 Don’t forget to take your umbrella It _ (rain).
5 If we _ (recycle) paper products, we _ (save) more trees.
Task 2: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Trang 96 Our class (organise) a writing contest We have to write about the
environment
7 Give old clothes to charity instead of (throw) them away.
8 Encouraging people (use) public transport is a great way to reduce traffic
5 Sam will not graduate unless he doesn’t pass all the tests.
1 If Peter has a flat, he will not live with his parents __
2 If Mary does not invited me, I won’t go to her party __
3 Tom will pass the driving exam if he will not be nervous __
4 If I know his email address, I will send him an invitation __
Task 3 Find the mistake in the four underlined parts A, B, C or D of each sentence.
Task 4 Decide if each sentence is right or wrong and correct wrong sentences .
Trang 105 I will go to the supermarket tomorrow if I am busy __
6 Leave me alone and I will call the police __
8 Unless I don’t have enough money, I won’t buy a car __
9 Don’t forget your watch or we miss the plane __
10 I won’t bring my credit card, so I don’t buy anything at the
_
_
11 If you ask Tom for the car, he would lend it to you __
12 Don’t miss the party or you will not have another chance
to meet your friends
_
_
13 If he will train every day, he will be a good runner __
14 Leave home early so you will miss the bus __
15 If Mary’s operation tomorrow fails, she will never be able
B sea levels will rise too
3 If we don’t stop cutting down somany trees,
C there won’t be so muchwaste
4 If the global temperature rises, D they will run out of drinking
water one day
5 If more people use reusableshopping bags,
E we will save a lot ofelectricity
6 If people don’t use water morewisely,
F we won’t be able to swim inthem
7 If everyone turns off unwantedlights
G earth will be in danger
UNI
SPEAKING Task 1 Match the two halves of these conditional sentences Then practice.
Trang 11_It’s a good idea!
_But you can recycle that!
_A reusable container? What for?
_They don’t really do anything with this, do they?
1 What are you doing?
_Sure they do They make boxboard for cereal
_And you should bringing your lunch in a reusable container
_I’m throwing away this cardboard box
_To reduce waste
_Oh, well I guess I’ll recycle it!
+*
No
1 Many animal species are disappearing fast _
2 The destruction of their habits is one of the reasons of the decline. _
3 Rainforests will disappear in 15 years _
4 The development of cities may protect wildlife _
5 Endangered species shouldn’t be traded _
6 People are not allowed to buy coats made from the fur ofjaguars. _
1 What are the main reasons for losing wildlife?
_
Task 2 Put the conversation in the correct order.
OUR GREENER WORLD
11
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LISTENING Task 1 Listen and decide if each statement is true (T) or false (F) (Track 21)
Task 2 : Listen again and answer the questions.
Trang 122 How much of tropical forest is destroyed every hour?
in the street on a summer afternoon is not a good idea in Da Nang There are not many trees so there are not many shadows It is often very hot at noon.
1 What is the population of Da Nang?
Trang 13Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in danger.
Many species of animals are threatened, and could easily become extinct if we do not make an effort to protect them There are many reason for this In some cases, animals
are hunted for their fur or for other valuable pasts of their bodies Some birds, such asparrots, are caught alive, and sold as pets For many animals and birds, the problem isthat their habitat – the place where they live – is disappearing More land is used forfarms, for houses or industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there once were.Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them grow better crops, but these chemicalspolluter the environment and harm the wildlife The most successful animals on earth– human beings – will soon be the only ones left, unless we can solve this problem
1 What does the word extinct in line 2 mean?
C not in a place because of illness
D suffering from a mental or physical handicap
2 The word this in line 3 refers to
C the fact that people are more aware that wildlife is in danger
D the fact that many species of animals could easily become extinct
3 According to the passage, one of the reasons that people hunt animals is
A They want their fur or other valuable parts of their bodies
B they want to kill them
C they consider this a sport D they want to sell them as pets
4 Which of the following is not true?
A Human beings are the most successful animals on earth
B If we can solve the problem, we will soon be the only ones left
C Farmers use chemicals in order to grow better crops
D Chemicals pollute the environment
5 What can be the best title of the passage?
A Birds are in danger B the threat to the environment
C the most successful animals D protect our earth
Wind, water, air, ice and heat all work to cause erosion As the wind blows over
the land, it often (1) _ small grains of sand When these grains of sand strike against solid rocks, the rocks are slowly worn away In this way, (2) _ very
hard rocks are worn away by the wind
When particles of rocks or soil became loosened in any way, running water carries
them down the (3) _ Some rocks and soil particles are carried into streams and
then into the sea
Land that is covered with trees, grass and other plants wears away very slowly, and
Task 1 Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the option A, B, C or D.
Task 3 Put a word/ phrase from the box in each gap to complete the following passage.
hold; picks up; even; help; after; thickly; little; hillsides
Trang 14so loses very (4) _ of its soil The roots of plants help to (5) _ the rocks
and soil in place Water that falls on grasslands runs away more slowly than water that
falls on bare ground Thus, forests and grasslands (6) _ to slow down erosion Even where the land is (7) _ covered with plants, some erosion goes on In
the spring, the melting snow turns into a large quantity of water that then runsdownhill in streams As a stream carries away some of the soil, the stream bed gets
deeper and deeper (8) _ thousands of years of such erosion, wide valleys are