Tiến tới quản lý các đầm phá ven bờ miền trung việt nam môi trường các công trình nghiên cứu

MO DAU chiem mot dien tich chirng 447,8 km2, trong do pha Tam Giang thuoc loai Cac d~m pha yen ,ba Mien Trung thuoc mot trong nhirng he thcng tu nong yen bo, da phan keo dai song song vd

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chiem mot dien tich chirng 447,8 km2, trong do pha Tam Giang thuoc loai

Cac d~m pha yen ,ba Mien Trung thuoc mot trong nhirng he thcng tu

nong yen bo, da phan keo dai song song vdi duong bo, ngan each vdi bi~n

bang nhirng roi cat chan va thong vdi bi~R qua mot hoac vai cira d~m pha

thai nang suat cao sau li~ sinh thai san ho va rung ngap man Chung chira

dung va cung ca:p nguon tai nguyen tai tao va khong tai tao quan trong,

dac biet trong b6i canh vung bo Mien Trung ngheo tai nguyen thien nhien

va khi hau khac nghiet Cac darn pha la d6i tuong khai thac true ti~p cua

nghiep, khai thac khoang san, du lich va giao thong - cang, Bdi vay, chung

, co tarn quan trong dac biet d6i vdi sir phat tri~n kinh t~ - xa hOi cua cac

dia phuong lien quan Nhung cac hoat dong' khai hoang ,la:n bi~n, khaithac

doi song cong dong' dia phuong

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• ' N u a k i l l : Tam Giang, Truong Giang, TN Nai, Cu Mong, Thuy Trieu,

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manh, cling nhir do ban chdt "me" cua vung be nay Bien de) trieu trung

d~n Nam : 20°C - 34°C De) pH· mroc dam pha dao dong' tir 6,5 - 8,2,

trong mua mira gia tri cua no thuong giam thap hem (6,0 - 6,2)

Cac chat dinh duong trong dam pha duoc mang vao tir cac vung luc

dia yen bi~n thong qua cac h~ thong song Chung bi~u hien duoi dang cac

v:}t chat hiru co va cac muoi khoang trong tram tich day, cling nhir trong

tri cao hon nhieu Mn so vdi nude bi~n ben ngoai do sir tich tu vat chat

hiru co tir cac sinhihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBAvat, Bdi th~ trong di~u kien nude song phia tren va

nude bi~n phia ngoai ngheo chat dinh duong, nhung nang suat so cap cua

vue nude dam pha van cao hon vung bien phia ngoai Di~u nay lien quan

khong chi tdi vai tro cua thirc v:}t phu du, ma con tdi vai tro quan trong

Tam Giang dat tdi 0,5 - 2,5 kg/m2, doi khi 10 kg/m2

s6ng hoang da Moi dam pha bao g6m me)t s6 he sinh thai quy mo nho

quan trong trong dam pha, d6ng thai cling la cac vung dgt ngap nude yen

bo co gia tri d6i vdi it nhat tren 80 loai chim di cir d~n tru dong

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100 10M , cao nhat 185 loai, dong vat phu du khoang 25 - 82 loai, dong v~t

va nude man

Cac darn pha nay giau tai nguyen thien nhien, bao g6m tai nguyen sinh

cac dam pha dac biet cac loai nhu : M u g i l c e p h a lu s , C lu p a n o d o n p u n c ta tu s ,

san khai thac trung binh hang nam 100 - 150 kg/ha (ca, tom, cua va rau

diu chi vang) N goai ra, nguon loi sinh vat day, dc)c biet la nhom nhuyen

thac hang nam thuong tren 20 - 100 tftn trong m6i dam pha Co bi~n cling

del ducc khai thac, chu y~u lam thtrc an gia sue va phan bon, thi du khoang

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sa khoang khoang v~t nang cua cac nguyen, to hiem, doi noi cling ph at hien

Giang khao sat d~n nay 'chi ra rang trir hrong cua sa khoang chira titan va

ziacon du tinh khoarrg 0,8 trieu tftn

Cac dam pha yen bo Mien Trung Viet N am cling co tiem nang quan

trong doi vdi giao thong song - darn pha - bi~n va doi vdi viec xay dung

hoach phat tri~n kinh t~ d~n nam 2010

Vdi cac bai bi~n dep, canh quan quanh darn pha hap dan va mat nude

Itch yen bi~n gan vdi cac danh thang khac cua dia phuong

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Cac dgm pha nay cung cilp dieu kien song thuan loi cho nhan dan dia

phuong do chung co nhirng chirc riling co ban sau :

trong dieu kien dia hmh luc dia va bi~n CJkhu vue Mien Trung rilt

tuong phan

tro quan trong trong viec ngan ngira anh hudng cua tham nhap man

tir bi~n vao, cung nhir trong viec bao v~ cac vung dilt nong nghiep

ngay cua nhan dan va phat tri~n cong nghiep ven bien

vi khi hau CJvung bi~n yen be Mien Trung va gop phan giam thieu

ra va tu bi~n dem vao

nhau : danh bat hai san, nuoi trong hai san, giao thong - cang va du Itch

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hai san/nam duoc khai thac bCJi1900 lao dong trong tong so 9000 dan

Nhln chung tiem nang kinh t~ cua cac dftm pha yen bC1kha cao, nhirng

hieu qua khai thac thuc ti~n con thap do sit dung qua nhieu dung' cu khai

thac lac hau va nhu cau cua nguoi lao dong' ti~p tuc tang Thi du, ~ dftm

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cucng viec sir dung thuoc trir sau, Do la nherig y~u t6 tac dong tiem tang

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nghiep va lam nghiep,

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darn pha nay Cac cong trrnh xay dung tren hru vue da gap phan dang k~

lam thay d6i cau true thuy van va vi tri cua cira darn pha Cac cang cling

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ret, Nang suat hai san khai thac tir darn pha giam xu6ng 2 lfin so vdi 20

8/1989 da gay ra su suy giam -sinh vat hrong cua thuc vat phu du tir 1000

v~ chat hrong nude cua cac darn pha dc1 chi ra rang hau h~t cac darn pha

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bo va sir giam dQ mu6i dan d~n ngot hoa nude darn pha vao mua mira, han han va xam nhap man vao mua kho Nhieu cira darn pha thay d6i vi tri mot each dinh ky, doi khi dQt xuat Chu ky dong va md cira darn pha

anh huang khong nho d~n dcri s6ng cong dong dan cir, d~n kinh t~ va dan tdi sir phat tri~n khong ben vung •.cac dam pha nay MQt thi du di~n hinh

lam cho 1000 ha dong hia bi ngap ung, khoang 300 ha dien tich nuoi trong

thuyen nho khong co duong di ra bi~n

s6ng nhan dan dia phuong va muc tieu phat tri~n ben vtrng trong cac vung dfim pha ven be mien Trung

• Cac dam pha ven bo la d?iihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBAtuong phat tri~n kinh t~ thuy san va kinh t~ ven bien Mi~n Trung nude ta Dac biet trong dai dAt dai va hep,

ngay va nen kinh t~ thi truong cang cao Dieu nay tac dong d~n moi truong

nhtrng nguoi dang va se su dung tai nguyen dfim pha D~ giai quye] van

b~n d~ t6i tru hoa gia tri t~i nguyen han hep cling nhu giam thi~u tac dQng

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thuoc v~ cac d~ an khoa hoc, thi du :

tinh thuc hien: (1986 - 1990)

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T A l L l f - U T H A M , K H A O C H i N H

Cac dam pha yen be mien Trung Vi~t N am Tuy~n tap dia chtit - dia

Bao cao hru tru tai Phan vien Hili duong hoc tai Hai Phong,

chuyen d~ d~ tai Nha nude

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Sedimentary processes in coastal lagoons Coastal lagoon research, present

and future UNECO technical paper in Marine Science N° 33,pp 27

-80

pp 7 - 14

management strategy Haiphong

P r o f D r N g u y e n C h u H o i, D r T r a n D u e T h a n h

D r N g u y e n l!u u C u , D r N g u y e n N h a t T h i

Tap chi H09-t dong Khoa hoc S~ 9, Ha NOi

TOWARDS COASTAL LAGO.ON MANAGEMENT

IN CENTRAL VIETNAM

S U M M A R Y

O J , a c o a s ta a g o o n s d is tr ib u te d a lo n g th e c e r u r a l

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m o r p h o lo g ic a l s tr u c tu r e , b y th e c o m m u n ity s tr u c tu r e , p r im a r y p r o d u c tiv ity , J o o d

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c lim a te c o n d itio n s , m a in ly : r a i n f a l l , e v a p o r a tio n T h e y a r e d iv id e d in to th r e e

g r o u p s b a s e d o n th e c lo s e n e s o j th e ir in le ts a n d s a lin ity o j la g o o n a l w a te r

M o s t o j th e s e la g o o n s c o n ta in s v a r io u s w e tla n d e c o s y s te m s w ith im p o r ta n t

e c o lo g ic a lly J u n c tio n a n d h ig h b io d iv e r s ity p o te n tia ls , e s p e c ia lly s e a g r a s e s

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u s e s a n d m a n a g e m e n t s ta te , th e p a p e r is a ls o d e te r m in a te d th e e n v ir o n m e n ta l

is s u e s a n d p ro p o se d m a n a g e m e n t a p p r o a c h e s , a s w e ll a s r e s o lu tio n s to r e a c h

th e s u s ta in a b le d e v e lo p m e n t in r e la tio n 1 0 w a s te r s h e d m a n a g e m e n t.

B p i b tio v t th ie n n h ie n v a m o i WVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA t n r o n g V itt N a m

Lei n6i d~u

Introduction

Cac vung sinh thai Vi~t Nam

Ecological zones of Vietnam

Local community play an extremely important role in the

protection - sustainable development of biodiversity in

national parks and protected areas

• T h a c 5ji D o n g K im L o a nihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA

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The current situ,tation of waster of the pulp and paper industry

Environmental Protection in Small and Medium Enterpries

Management of bio - medical wastes in Vietnam An emerging

environmental pro blem

134

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