Nhu v¢iy, v o i cac dLc ddm thuy hoa, dong chay ma quy trinh nuoi Ngheu a ctra song Bach Dang co mot s6 dLc ddm rieng so voi cac khu v~rc khac nhu kich d l con gi6ng, thai gian tha gi6ng
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K H O A H O CI vA eO N G N G H tI B IE N loA N Q uae
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QUYEN5
SINH THAI, M Ol TRUONG vAQuANLYBIEN
NHA XUAT BAN KHOA HOC TIT NHIEN vA CONG NGHE
Trang 2NHAXUA.T BAN KHOAHOC. TUNHIENVACONGNGHE ZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA.
18 dirong Hoang QuBe Vi~t, C~u Gi~y, Ha NQi DT: Phong Quan Iy TAng hQ1J:04.22149041;
Phong Phat h a n h : 04.22149040; Phong Bien t~p: 04.37917148
Fax: 04.37910147; EmaiI: nxb@ vap.ac.vn; www.vap.ac.vn
HOINGHI
KHOA HOe y A eONG NGHE BIEN
TIEU BAN SINH THAI, M Ol TRUONG v A QUAN L Y BIEN
C H !U T R A c H N H II;M X U A T B A N
T o n g b ie n ta p
In '2 0 0 culm k h b 1 9 x 2 7 cm ta i: N h a in K h o a h o c v a C o n g n g h $
s e d a n g k y K H X B : 1112-2011/CXB/005 - 1 5 /K H T N C N c a p n g a y 7/10/2011
Trang 3Tilill HGFEDCBA b a n S i n h t h a i M 6 i t r u o n g v a q u a n I ) ; B i d nqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBAVII
34 guy~n Huy Anh, Dinh Thanh Kien
Danh gia tiern nang va dinh huong phat tri~n ben virng du lich bi~n dao
-d~m pha tinh Thira Thien - Hu~
Assessment of tourism potentials and orientation of sustainable tourism for
the area of sea - island - lagoon in Thua Thien - Hue province
35 Nguyen Thj M inh Huyen, Chu Van ThuQc, Pharn Th~ Thu
Quan h~ gifra SIJ phat tri~n mat dQ cua quan xa thirc V?t phu du voi cac yeu
t6 moi twang tai vung bi~n Quang Tri
Relations between development density of phytoplankton communities with
environmental factors in Quang Tri coastal waters
36 Le Xuan Sinh, Tdn Du'c Th~nh, D~ng Kim Chi
Nghien ciru quy luat sinh twang cua loai ngheu ( m e r e t r i x l y r a t a ) a cira
song Bach Dang vaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA'1nghia canh bao rnoi twang
Study on growth of clam ( m e r e t r i x l y r a / a ) and its environmental indication
in Bach Dang estuary
37 Chu Van ThuQc, Patrice Got, Cao Th] Thu Trang, Jean-Pascal
Terreton
Phan b6 tao nanophytoplankton, picophytoplankton va vi khu~n lam avung
cira song Bach Dang
Distribution of nanophytoplankton, picophytoplankton and cyanobacteria in
the Bach Dang estuary
Vi sinh V?t gay benh trong m6i quan h~ gifra moi twang voi chat luong hau
nuoi c r a s s o s t r e a v i r g i n i c a (GM ELIN, 1971) tai d~m Nha Phu, Khanh Hoa.
Pathogenic bacteria in the relations of environment and quality of oyster
c r a s s o s t r e a v i r g i n i c a (gmelin, 1971) at Nha Phu lagoon, Khanh Hoa
39 Nguy~n Xuan Thanh, Nguyen Du'c C", Dean Thj Nhinh 291 Nguon goc tich liiy mam benh gay ra dich benh lam hoang hoa cac ao nuoi
tom su
254
261
269
276
The insight of diseases in unculturable ponds of tiger shrimp
40 L~i Thuy Hi~n, Nguy~n Thj Thu Huyen, DB Thu Phuong, Pham Thj 297 Hang, Ki~u Quynh Hoa, Vuong Th] Nga, Nguy~n Th] Yen, Hoang Van
Th~ng, Tdn Dinh M §n
Nghien ciru da dang vi khu~n bi~n tao chat hoat hoa b~ mat sinh hoc nh~m
irng dung trong cong nghiep va xu 1 '1 0 nhiem moi twang
Study on the diversity of marine bacteria producing biosurfactants to apply
to industry and environmental treatment
Trang 4Tidu ban Sinh thai, M6i truting va quan If su» 269HGFEDCBA
N G H I E N C U U Q U Y qponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBALU~ T S I N H T R U O N G C U A L o A I N G H E U
B A o M O l T R U O N G
L e X u a n S i n h , T d n Due Thanh, D { i n g K i m C h i
Vien Tai nguyen va M6i tnrong bien, 246- Duong Da Nang - Hai phong
Email: sinhlx@ gmail.com
T o mLKJIHGFEDCBAt ~ t
D(Lc trung cheft day cua biii ngheu vung ndm LKJIHGFEDCBAa hai ben bo cua song Bach
D6ng thuong lit cat pha bun hlnh thanh do su tuong tac giiia dong chieu vit
dong chay cua song Dong chay cua nuac vica p h a i vit duac tdp nhdn boi
nguon dinh d u iin g d6i d a o tit luc dia tao nen cdc biii trieu thudn loi cho su
p h a t trien cua con Ngheu Nhu v¢iy, v o i cac d(Lc ddm thuy hoa, dong chay ma
quy trinh nuoi Ngheu a ctra song Bach Dang co mot s6 d(Lc ddm rieng so voi
cac khu v~rc khac nhu kich d l con gi6ng, thai gian tha gi6ng Quy ludt phdt
tridn cua ngheu tuong ung giiia tu6i sinh truong vit kich thuoc vo dLWC xac
('+0.7455
dinh theo cong thuc la : y (thong tuoi) = e1025. C a c giai doan p h d t tridn cua
ngheu chiu su tac dong cua moi trucng, vi v¢iy quy ludt sinh truong cua Ngheu
chi thi su thay d6i moi truong.
STUDY ON GROW TH OF CLAM (Meretrix lyrata) AND ITS
ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATION IN BACH DANG ESTURY
A b s t r a c t
The characteristics of the clam ground substrate on both sides of the Bach
Dang estuary is usually muddy-sand formed by the interaction between tidal
and river flows, The medium flow receiving the rich nutrients from land
created the tidal flats which were suitable for the clam growth Thus, there
were the special features in the process of clam culture in the Bach Dang
estuary which differed from the other areas to fit with the flow and
hydro-chemistry characteristics in the area, such as size of breeding clam and time
for stocking The growth of clam correspondence between age and size of the
C+0.7455
shell is determined by the formula: y (months) = eJ : 0 2 5 , The growth stages
of clam had been affected by the environment variations, so the clam growth
indicated for the changes of environment.
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1 Mo-LKJIHGFEDCBAd f t u
Vung cira song Bach £)~ng thuoc ki~u vung cira song hinh pheu voi hai ben bo phan b6
trieu, Bai trieu thirong la cat pha bun co cac ti~u hoan hru hinh thanh do SlJ nrong tac giira
dong chieu va dong chay cira song [2].V6'i nguon dinh duong phong phu do dong chay
net rieng so voi vung chau th6 nlnr bai Ngheu Nam Dinh nen con ngheu tai day phat tri€n
theo quy luat rieng D~ xac dinh tuoi Ngheu thong qua kich tlnroc vo ma khong dn phai
nang suit va co giai phap phong tranh cac tac dong xiu cua moi tnrong
2 P h u r r n g p h a p
2 1 ttu ue«
tich liiy thuy ngdn trong ngheu Meretrix lyrata tai khu V l, l'C ctea song Bacti Dang" va luan
Phong,
2 2 P h u o n g p h t ip
cua MCD, 2009 [3]
Panmer, cac kich thuoc c~n do la: chiSu dai
x chien rong x chiSu cao (mm)
thieu phan tich ANOV A bang ph~n mern
Excel 2003
Hinh 1:Khu V l! C nuoi ngheu 0'pham vi cua
song Bach Dang
3 K~t qua
3.1 M{jt sa dij.c diJm chis y~u cua moi truong biii nuiii ngheu
- Nhiet ill): K~t qua quan tr~c nhiet do mroc cua bai nuoi Ngheu trong 12 thang (tit
Trang 6Tie'u ban Sinh thai, M6i trutrng va quan If BidnqponmlkjihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA271
- Dc) muJi: Vao mua mua, dQ muo; trong mroc tai bai Ngheu thap (5%0), mang tinh ch~t
cua kh6i nuoc IQ'nhat Vao mua kho, dQ mu6i cua mroc tang cao d~n 30%0, mang tinh chat
cua kh6i nuoc IQ'vira
- pH: pH cua mroc khu V\IC song Bach D~ng co gia tri dao dong tir 6,4 d~n 8,3, trung
binh la 7,6 Nhan dinh nay phu hop voi cac k~t qua nghien ciru truce day [4,5]
- Chift reinLKJIHGFEDCBA/ 0 ' lung: Ham IUQ'ng ch~t
(vao mua kho), trung binh la 440mg/l
phoi theo mua kha ro rang
1000 00
50000
i
I
Dot 1 Oqt2 Dot3 Dot 4 Oqt5 Dot6 Oqt7 Oqt8 Oqt9 Oqt10 Dot 11 Dot 12LKJIHGFEDCBA ( 1 1 6 ) ( 2 7 1 6 ) ( 2 7 fT ) (29/8) (2719) (30110) (4112) (511) (2711) (413) ( 8 1 4 ) (6JS)
Hinh 2: Bidn thien ham Luong TSS trong nutrc tai
biii Ngheu thi nghiem
3.2 D ( lc aidm c u a q lly trinh n u iii Nglteu 0' kltu V { I'C cica s o n g B ( 1 c 1 1 D a n g
day Duoi day la mot s6 d~c diem khac biet so voi vung nuoi nhir Nam Dinh:
co th~ lam sa b6i luong ma nha mroc hang nam phai bo nhi~u ti~n d~ nao vet
- T h a i gian tha giJng: Hien tai Ngheu giong diroc tha t~p trung VaG mot dot b~t d~u tir
- Cii Ngheu g io n g : Kich co Ngheu giong t6t nh~t la khoang 400-500 con/kg Chung toi
giong bi phat tan 100%,
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3.2.1 Su' tang truong kich thuac cua LKJIHGFEDCBA N g h e u tit:khi thd gi6ng aJn thu hoach
Hinh 3: BiJn thien kich thutrc trung binh cua Ngheu
tai khu v~'c cua song Bach Dang
i l l1,1 o€n 2,16 ern
tnrong giira thang tu6i va kich thiroc tuy thuoc chon bi€n s6 chieu dai, chi~u rong hay chieu cao
SIJ tang tnrong kich thuoc cua
Ngheu trong mot vu nuoi 12 thang,
k~ i l l khi tha giong o€n khi thu
hoach, duoc trinh bay tren hinh 3
dira van k€t qua 00 dac kich thiroc
vo Ngheu hang thang tai cac 0 thi
nghiern, voi s6 luong 80 con
_O·TB - R-TB
5.00
'hangt~
4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 0.00
3 2 2 Xu' If;s6 lieu va tim quy ludt
6 thang tuci, qua phong nuoi va ba giai doan irorn giong
0 ( > sinh tnrong cua Ngheu nuoi tai d a y nen loai bo s6 lieu nay
Xac dinh duoc quy lu?t phat tri~n Ngheu va kich thiroc theo chieu dai, chi~u rong hoac chieu cao duoc th~ hien nhir sau:
0+0.8075 R+0.7342 C+0.7455
Trang 06: D - Chi~u dai (ern); R - Chieu rong (em); C - Chi~u cao (cm)
tren bang 1
Bans;1 Sai so phdn tram (%) tinh tuoi Ngheu theo ale kich thuoc khac nhau
Sai s6trung binh Thang tuoi tinh theo chieu dai (%) 7,2
Thang tu6i tinh theo chieu rong (%) 7,1
Thang tuoi tinh theo chieu cao (%) 6,6
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Nhir vay, sai s6 trung binh tu6i Ngheu tinh theo chieu rong 1£1thap nhat (6,6%) nen
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thiroc vo
4.Thaolu~n
4.1 Ciing thuc 3.2
Cong thirc nay cho thay quy lu~t phat trien cua Ngheu giira tu6i va chieu cao thee ham s6 mfi Nhir vay, tuy van nrng giai doan va d~n nguong nh~t dinh thi Ngheu Ian cham nen
cac bai trieu tai mien N am c6 th~y rang, quy luat ciing bien thien theo ham s6 mii Tuy
khong phu hop
Nhir vay, tuy thuoc van diSu kien nr nhien ma quy luat phat tri~n cua Ngheu 1£1khac nhau tai cac vung miSn
4.2 Ttu: il~ng cua moi truong tOi quy lu~t phtit triin cua Ngheu
chia ra 3 giai doan Tir thang 6 d~n thang 10/2010 Ngheu Ian nhanh (giai doan 1) va Ian
doan thu hoach nr thang 2 d~n thang 5/2010 (giai doan 3)
a Giai doan 1
giong - thang 7) Ngheu c6 t6c dQ Ian cham (hinh 3)
Sa di nhir vay c6 th~ 1£1do Ngheu duoc tha nr cac h6
tnrong dQt ngot, diSu nay doi hoi Ngheu phai c6 thai
10/2010, Ngheu Ian r~t nhanh Sir phat trien vS chieu
tnrong
Hinh 4: Vaclt phdn chia su sinh
truong cua N g h e u
Giai doan nay 1£1mua rmra, mroc song mang nhiSu v~t chat dinh dirong nr luc dia ra cira song lam cho nguon thirc an phong phu Ham hrong TSS trong cac thang 7, 8, 9 c6 gia tri
Trang 9274jihgfedcbaZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA H9i nghi Khoa h9C va Cong ngh¢ bien toan qu6c Idn thir V
b Giai doan 2
tuyen nhon (hinh 5) Day hi bi~u thi sinh ly
Phu (1999), day la mot trong nhirng bi~u
hien cua sir trao d6i mroc kern khi thuy
cham
Hinh 5: Tuyen nhon trong ruot Ngheu
Hien nrong nay xay trong giai doan mua kho khi ma song gio dil keo cac v~t chftt dinh
trong cac thang 11, 12 trung binh la 355-392 mg/l, thap so voi trung binh cua cac dot khao sat (hinh 2)
Day la dau hieu chi thi moi tnrong cua Ngheu d~ cac hQ nuoi co giai phap phong tranh phu hop, cu th~ nhir:
c Giai doan 3
Giai doan 3 (nr thang 2 d~n thang 5): Ngheu phat trien t6t hon giai doan 2 Day la giai
dil dat kich thiroc thuong pham nen co kha chong chiu voi sir thay d6i moi tnrong (thang
2-3 am lich) Vao thai diem nay nguoi ta khuyen cao khong nen tha giong vi kha nang chong chiu sir thay d6i moi truong cua Ngheu con thirong thap D~c biet la giai doan rmra phun nen trong khoang thai gian phoi bai Ngheu thuong bi anh huong cua mroc ngot, d§.n den
bien nrong s6c va chet.HGFEDCBA
5 K ~ t l u ~ n
gian tha giong
Quy luat phat tri~n cua Ngheu tuong irng giira tuoi sinh tnrong va kich thiroc vo Sai s6 trung binh tu6i Ngheu tinh theo chien rong la thftp nhat (6,6%) nen cong thirc diroc Slr dung d~ xac dinh tu6i Ngheu theo kich thuoc vo la:
C+0.7455
Trang 10tnrong. htr vay, quy luat sinh tnrong cua Ngheu chi thi SI,Ithay d6i moi truong.
6 Lo'i earnLKJIHGFEDCBA0 ' 0
1 Truong Quoc Phu, "Nghien cuu 1119ts6 tI(tc tlidm sinh h9C, sinh hoa va kji thudt nuoi
ngheu Meretrix lyrata (Sawerby) dat ruing sudt caa ", Luan an Tien si, Dai hoc C~n Tho,
(1999).
2 Tr~n Dire Thanh, Nguyen Can, Dang Dire Nga, "Ban ch6t c d u true estuary cua vung
cira song Bach Dc7ng", Tuy~n tap tai nguyen moi tnrong bien, t?P VII, pp 35-50 (2000).
moi truong ala song Bach D{lI1g va tld xudt cac gicii phdp baa V ? moi truong, phat Iridn
bdn viing ", Liru trfr tai TIm vien Vien Tai nguyen va Moi t r u o n g bien, (2009).
anh huang nhdn sinh va thuy d o n g luc toi cac qudn xd thuc v(J1phu du va vi khu6n ", Luu
tnr tai TIm vien Vien Tai nguyen va Moi tnrong bi~n (2010).
baa v¢ "il phat Iridn vung ngheu gi6ng ven bidn Nom Dinh ". LUll trir tai TIm vien Vien Tai
nguycn va Moi truong bien (2008).
Nguoi doc n lz ( 1 Il xet: TS Cliu Viin Th u iic