History and development of nursing profession in Japan

History and development of nursinh profession in JapanHistory and development of nursinh profession in JapanHistory and development of nursinh profession in JapanHistory and development of nursinh profession in JapanHistory and development of nursinh profession in JapanHistory and development of nursinh profession in JapanHistory and development of nursinh profession in JapanHistory and development of nursinh profession in JapanHistory and development of nursinh profession in Japan

History and Development of

Nursing Profession in Japan

September ,2013

Đ Association RIEKO KAWAMOTO

Japanese Nursing Association

1 Nursing History in Japan

@The Beginning

@ After the World War II

2 The Change and Progress of Japanese

f#1O0— 1191

(BR FARK : Nara Heianera )

@ Many Buddhist monks cured and supported people

who are suffering from illness with Japanese

O22 T (ET: Law about caring)

@ Bringing-up of childcare service (orphans)

Capital Japan to Heiankyo in Kyoto:

FAH

1192-1602 (8® ~ BEE 6: Kamakura — Sengoku

era )

‹ 1240 [AiR FAH (the first

published nursing book in Japan)

¢ 1477-

Nursing was provided under the

direction of missionaries, but it

didn’t become as an occupation

Care for people with illness in Koisikawa dispensary

(professional caring: Fa3e 7a ne)

Of Ze Gill Cinfluence on care of family) ca

H[#S#Z/Zã#lÍ : Publication of bookforcaing ; =

in Edo era * (2 TẤT

Japanese government closed the country to foreign

commerce, but opened the country and re-started

international commerce in 1854

1868—1926 (H‡2-*©#R{t: Meiji Taisho era)

[[ Yokohama military hospital] was founded as the d.ẻng ““— oe att

ice +> $ - “9= gan má}

first hospital in Japan

-employed nursing women for injured soldiers

ft$#£ti(after that changed of name to “Japan Red

Cross”)

(Nursing system)

1901- adopted the first nursing regulation

1901- The first nursing examination

(in Tokyo) Cited by nursing document of

nursing department at Kyushu university hospital (1903)

Change and progress of nursing system in

Japan after The World War II

¢ After the war, Japanese government accepted

capitalism and revised the constitution

¢ With A much-improved social system, education system

was reformed and the status of women improved

gradually

¢ Under the control of GHQ, Nursing system changed

dramatically, and then it moved on the path to

professionalism likely to USA

Change and progress of nursing system in Japan after

The World War Il

Japanese government was under the control of

GHQ(General Headquarters) after the war

@ New nursing system & nursing theories was

@ Nursing improvement & training were aiTinitto

conducted by1960

@ This formed the basis of the current nursing 1,

system such as nursing management ,

nursing administration & nursing education

Change and progress of Medical system in Japan

after The World War II

- 1965-1975

@ sharp decrease of infection due to innovation of antibiotics such as

penicillin

@ Move to Treatment of Chronic diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus

(DM), Cerebrovascular diseases & circulatory diseases

Y economic development and or advanced the field of

medicine(multiple & high quality of medical equipments and

advanced medical techniques)

Y accelerate the collectivizing of the specialized field in medicine

(intensive care unit and critical care center)

Change and progress of Medical system in Japan

after The World War Il

- 1985—

@ Japanese life style changed from traditional to western style

>The primary mortality: s Neoplasm (:Cancer)

H Arrival of highly advanced medical technology

C] Seriousness of decrease in — & increase aged people

O Start changing medical administration (provision for cooperative and comprehensive medicine)

CJ achieve building nursing system and improving nursing education

Transition of Japanese population

Í (ho

JAPANESE NURSING SYSTEM (AFTER THE

WORLD WAR II)

Nursing innovation associated with Public health and welfare at

nursing department in GHQ

@ Inspection ana direct instruction

@ Revision of nursing related laws and regulations & improvement of

nursing system

@ National examination & qualification system

@ Establish designated regulation for public health, midwifery and nursing

facilities ( Foundation of nursing school with new system)

@ Foundation of Tokyo nursing education model school

@ Improvement of nursing management

@ Education course for reappointed nurses (Training course conducted by the committee to educate nursing instructors again

@ Establishment of nursing department at Ministry of Health, Labor and

Welfare foundation of Nursing education council

@ Systematization of Nursing association

Establishment of nursing system & nursing organization (start

nursing department )

° 1949

@ adopt to set up a head of charge nurses at national hospital of ministry of

health and welfare

@ formulate nursing system that the nursing director manages, administers and orders nursing practices

¢ Establishment of system in nursing department

Y contribute to improve the quality of nursing

Y establish occupational regulation & medical ethics

Transition of nursing care system

What is the nursing care system ?

making structure to allocate the roles of team organized by some

nurses working in 24hours/7days

Characteristics of nursing care system

@ This is based on the experiences modality of senior nurses

@ Criteria of nursing care system is based on the number of in-

patient bed, disease types and treatment ways etc

¢ This is the significant opportunity to provide continued nursing

and to cooperate with community

* It is important to make plan for support plan and provide advice

on patient’s discharge (= establishment of community

cooperation department ) -

Evaluation of nursing based on medical service fee

¥ notice the list of the point for medical expense insurance

¥ Criteria of Nursing additional fee based on type of clinical fields

»„ 2006

Y staffed to take care of 7patients per a nurse

©1995: Start evaluation act of hospital functions

¢ Japan council for Quality Health Care was established as entrusted

by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare

¢ This organization inspects and evaluates the quality of medical

services, as an independent facility of various hospitals including

university hospitals, national hospitals, regional hospitals and clinic

4® settle the head nurse for risk

management at national hospital

Establish department of risk

@ Serious issues : inadequate nursing techniques & early retirement in new graduate

nurses and risk management

=? These are focused as critical problems on nursing management

BON mm Eee % Taananrann exomno/st) TT 200 26.6°%

1n 1n HN Ä1§1M1621818^.00NItE (20/440) BÀ

3 THE CHANGE AND PROGRESS OF

NURSING EDUCATION IN JAPAN

Newly period involved in nursing education

Remarkable change in roles and functions of nursing

¢ The number of postgraduate school of nursing has increased in

recent years (increase in university having both master course and doctoral course)

* 1996:

Start education for Certified nursing specialists

The Support for University Educational Reform

by the Japanese Government

The nursing department of Kyushu University Hospital

started on the Nursing Blossom Project in 2009 This

project was selected under the Support for University

Educational Reform by the Japanese Government

Educational Project for Practical Nursing Skills & Abilities

Development between University and Hospital

- Educational Program Development

- Program for Nursing Instructors

- Personnel exchange

- Building Career Pathways

eEducation Program Designed for Practical

Nursing Skills Development

v Fulfill the responsibilities in the health care

professional team as a nursing expert

¥ Contribute to Patient Safety & Comfort

The nursing department at Kyushu University Hospital | has developed a certified IV nurse program to give

nurses the skills to provide secure and quality patient

care

we

IV Training Simulation

Education Program 2 y

SIMULATION PROGRAM OF OTHER CLINICAL

TECHNIQUES

Training course for Practical Nursing

Skills

(CPCR)

Training Clinical techniques

Set up scenario

Preparation of medication at

the staff room

New nurse visits patient’s room

before

Importance of Punctual

medication

Need of transferring to rest Look† It

Importance of an infusion bottle change

Multiple tasks & Time pressure

Reflection on training simulation (20min)

| It was good that you

XII'GIAN E1 1n1I in the checklisf 5ffếf training

Giscuss together and then get feedback —

ARRIVAL OF TIME FOR AUTONOMY AND

SPECIALTY OF NURSING PROFESSIONALS

Education for nursing specialists in

particular nursing fields

*Nurses who have excellent *Nurses who complete

practical nursing skills in

particular special nursing fields

can provide high quality nursin a

with their medical techniques ° association(J NA) and their

and knowledge to the people skilled nursing techniques and

who are suffering from knowledge in specific nursing

complicated illness or to the field are accredited by JNA

community where has some

New special nursing delivery system:

Foundation of nursing for disaster

THE CASE OF NURSING ACTIVITIES:

NURSING DELIVERY SERVICES IN DEVASTATED AREAS:

IN THE TO-HOKU EARTHQUAKE

The city was damaged extensively by Tsunami:

Motoyoshi chou Kesennuma city in Miyagi

(Photos on 23th Mar, 2011)

<The whole _ The table of earthquake

icture of victims classified by age - ——~

ra ( the dead people) T— ate, 3.0%

@ After extremely big 9.0 earthquake in Tohoku on 11%

Mar, 2012, it is estimated approximately 2, 000 people are affected by the earthquake and Tunami

(dead:15,815, missing: 3,966 up to 30?" Sep, 2011)

we

Many Nursing personnel have been working to support

devastated areas in various ways

>< Nursing personnel provide medical services and life support for

disaster areas, working with Japan Red Cross, community nurses,

nursing universities and other medical facilities ,and NPO

Actual result of delegated public health nurses and other nursing

personnel (up to 26" Aug, 2012)

The details in the activities of public health nurses in disaster areas

/ Secondary prevention of health damage Counseling for mental damage `

Prevention of infection and food poison

_ BORA RUM LHS EO REHOME ERI

service and other medical services

*i¿Ùù£=+J 2k4 lt#34#tl-=*l3 4812770 Si£1° =—ZI=l6UC2t#ft -†4ätlt'#—E A 577%

Counseling earthquake vic comprehending their needs

Adjustment of support system between people concerned with earthquake