THE ART AND THE SCIENCE OF MANAGEMENT doc

INTRODUCTIONThe importance of management in our life  A vital aspect  To manage effectively and efficiently each manager need know how to manage ingeniously in specific circumstance 

HAIPHONG PRIVATE UNIVERSITY SUBJECT: MANAGEMENT SKILLS

THE ART AND THE SCIENCE

OF MANAGEMENT

Lecturer: Dr Thai Van Vinh

Group: Hong Duyen

Nguyen Huyen Trinh Thuy Tuong Linh Phuong Thao Nguyen Trang

 Introduction

 Definitions

 Four functions of management

 The science and art in

management

 Conclusion

“It is argued that management

is both a science and an art An effective and efficient manager needs to employ skills of both aspects”.

I INTRODUCTION

The importance of management in our life

 A vital aspect

 To manage effectively and efficiently each

manager need know how to manage

ingeniously in specific circumstance

 Management is a social science, and deals with the behavior of people in organization

II DEFINITIONS

MANAGEMENT

 Dr Thai Van Vinh supposes:

“Management is the process of achieving organizational goals through engaging in the four

functions of planning, organizing, leading and

controlling

SCIENCE

 “The intellectual and practical activity

encompassing the systematic study of the

structure and behavior of physical and natural world through observation and experiment…”

(Oxford Dictionary)

ART

 “A discovery and development of elementary

principles of nature into beautiful forms suitable for human use”

(Frank Lloyd Wright,1957)

Effectiveness is the ability to choose appropriate goals and achieve them

 goals must be appropriate and

 those goals must be achieved

Efficiency is ability to make the most appropriate use of available resources in the process of achieving your

III FUNCTIONS OF A MANAGER

PLANNING

LEADING

ORGANIZING

CONTROLLING

A PLANNING

 “Planning is an intellectually demanding process;

it requires the conscious determination of

courses of action and the basing of decisions on purpose, knowledge and considered estimates”

(According to Koontz, O’Donnell and Weihrich, 2005)

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - PLANNING

Answers for the questions:

 What will be done?

 What resource will be required?

 How it will be done?

 Who will do it?

 When it will be done?

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - PLANNING

It will involve:

 determine the long and short-range objectives

 develop the strategies and courses of action to

be followed for the achievement of objectives

 formulate the policies, procedures and rules…for the implementation of strategies and plan

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - PLANNING

Purposes of planning:

 Define the problems, decide the objectives of business in the short and in the long run, estimate the available and potential resources…

 Determine the tasks, activities and projects,

programs and require for the attainment of objectives

 Formulate the policies, procedures, methods, standard and budgets of the plan

 Examine the environmental changes, reconsider

continually, searching the essential information constantly for more effective methods and improve results

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - PLANNING

 It’s necessary to have both science and art in planning to estimate and anticipate the

challenges in the future as well as take

advantage of opportunities

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - PLANNING

Example:

 PepsiCo of Vietnam plans to build one new factory in Ho Chi Minh City

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - PLANNING

 Manager of PepsiCo need to:

- Choose the place

- Decide the construction scale, style and

requirements for the new factory

- Estimate the invested capital, manual labors, completion date…

- Find a constructive company to collaborate

B ORGANIZING

 Organizing as a process of combining and integrating human and other resources in productive interrelationships for plans can be success

(According to Management Study- HPU-2013)

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - ORGANIZING

 The managers need to use the knowledge about organizational structure, number of

subordinates,… that help them to manage in the best way

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - ORGANIZING

For example

 In Textile Company March 29,2012 the middle manager shall direct the work of the production team, product quality testing The functional

manager often monitor a particular department, such as marketing, accounting, or human

resources

C LEADING

 Leading is a continuous process of setting

objectives and trying to achieve them through the efforts of other people

( According to Wordpress.com, 2012)

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - LEADING

Three main actions

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - LEADING

The way to training and coaching staff

 Training is to provide the employee with the

knowledge and skills to perform a task

 Coaching is a process designed to help the

employee gain more experiment and to overcome barriers so as to improve job performance

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - LEADING

 Training and coaching go hand-in-hand

 Both training and coaching helps to create the conditions that cause someone to learn and develop

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - LEADING

For example:

 The structural change of company's operation

• Average of 6 -10 years of management consulting experience

• The change of the way to training to workload

• The change of hierarchy in the company

 Recent national searches have included change management resources for:

• Enterprise wide change implementations

• Change strategy initiatives

• Organizational design projects

• Communications development initiatives

D CONTROLLING

 Controlling measures the deviation of actual performance from the standard performance, discovers the causes of such deviations and helps

in taking corrective actions

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - CONTROLLING

Controlling has got 2 basic purposes

 Facilitating co-ordination

 Helping in planning

Main steps of controlling (According to Vinh Thai,2013)

 Monitoring of activities

 Comparing actual results with targets

 Taking the necessary steps to ensure that the organization is on track

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - CONTROLLING

Features of controlling function

 Controlling is the last step in management (Planning - Organizing – Leading – Controlling).

For example: You have been working as a

management for a shipment company To a contract you have to ship a container of salt to a factory in Haiphong When your employees finished the work, you must enquire them to summit the report about the date, time of the shipment whether it’s correct

in the contract also all the invoices needed

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - CONTROLLING

 Controlling is a pervasive function: All levels of managers need to perform it (Top – Middle – Low-level managers)

 Controlling is a dynamic process: review methods and changes can be made wherever possible

For example: Banks control the use of their savings,

loans and other account If the banks detect any trouble with their customer’s accounts, they can’t make any withdrawals

FUNTIONS OF A MANAGER - CONTROLLING

 Controlling is forward looking- because effective control is not possible without past being controlled Controlling always looks to future so that follow-up can be made whenever required.

 Without planning, controlling is a meaningless exercise and without controlling, planning is useless.

 A manager should be flexible, understand the situation, give reasonable and multiple criteria and take the corrective actions.

IV THE SCIENCE AND ART OF

MANAGEMENT

A THE SCIENCE OF MANAGEMENT

 Ensure the compliance with the law of movement in nature and society

 Use scientific achievements such as : philosophy, economics, mathematics, computer science, cybernetics And the actual experience in the practice of management

 Assure compliance with the conditions and situations of the organization during the specific period

B THE ART OF MANAGEMENT

 Art is a skill also a great technique

characteristic, psychology and ability of all members in the organization

THE ART OF MANAGEMENT

 The art of communication and negotiation in business

 The art of the decision-making

THE ART OF MANAGEMENT

 Art is very necessary to each manager It requires the manager not only know the ways to use the scientific achievements effectively in their particular circumstances but also they have to cumulate the experiences of others for themselves

 Science is understanding knowledgeable system, and art is selection knowledge The art of management is the ability of manager in solving effectively the tasks set out in a clever way

THE SCIENCE AND THE ART OF

MANAGEMENT

How to be an effective and efficient manager?

HOW TO BE A EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT

MANAGER?

The managers need three major skills for effective

performance at different levels of management:

HOW TO BE A EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT

 Seek improvement in themselves

EFFECTIVE MANAGER EFFIECIENT MANAGER

HOW TO BE A EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT

MANAGER?

 Managers change results of the organization by their decision Actions of managers affect to the organization but also the factors influencing beyond the control of management

 Management is both a science and an art It is expressed through the application of the theory, the management principles in specific situations

IN YOUR OPINIONS

EFFICIENT MANAGER?