Ôn tập ngữ pháp 1 Present SimpleContinuous, Past SimplePresent Perfect chương trình mới Friends Global 10

Biên soạn bởi các giáo viên tại CPlus English, bám sát chương trình mới Friends Global. Đề cương bao gồm lý thuyết ngữ pháp về thì và bài tập áp dụng, mở rộng. Các điểm ngữ pháp trong đề cương này bao gồm: Present Simple Present Continuous Past Simple Present Perfect

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Compiled by Ms.Trang & Mr.Tri

GRAMMAR FOCUS – TENSES 1

A> GRAMMAR: PRESENT SIMPLE

I Functions:

Present Simple can be used to:

 Describe a _ or a _ action:

My brother goes swimming every morning.

He watches news on TV in the evening.

We usually do a lot of homework after school.

 Talk about _ or _ in the present:

Mr John works for an advertising agency.

Joseph loves going to cafes every now and then.

 Talk about _:

The Sun rises in the East.

Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.

 Describe _/ _:

The train for Da Lat leaves at 5:00 PM tomorrow.

 Describe time in the _, after conjunctions such as: after,

when, before, as soon as, until, once

Come and see me when you arrive in Ha Noi!

I’ll pick her up at the airport as soon as her plane lands.

II. Form:

+ Affirmative:

I/ You/ We/ They + V bare He/ She/ It + Vs/es

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III s/es – how to add

+ Verbs ending with -o, -s, -ch, -x, -sh, -z >> add –es

do > _ wash > _ miss > _

go > _ watch > _ buzz > _

catch > _ fax > _ smash > _

+ Verbs in consonant + -y >> change –y to –ies

study > _ fly > _ comply > _hurry > _ supply > _ apply > _

+ Others >> add –s

run > _ play > _ cook > _

chat > _ stay > _ test > _

cast > _ fasten > _ print > _

IV s/es – how to pronounce:

+ Pronounce as /s/: verbs ending with /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/, //

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V Adverbs of frequency:

+ End-sentence adverbs: every day, every week, once a month,

twice a year, three times a year, etc

+ Mid-sentence adverbs: always, usually, often, sometimes,

seldom, rarely, hardly, ever, never, etc

- BE + Adverb:

I am always late for school.

- Adverb + Verb:

Peter usually goes anywhere at weekends.

- Auxiliary + Adverb + BE/Verb:

The exercises can sometimes be too difficult for students

He doesn’t often go to work on time.

- Usually/ Sometimes at the beginning or at the end:

Usually, the weather is very cold here.

It’s snowy sometimes.

- Hardly/ Rarely/ Barely/ Seldom/ Never + do/does + S + V

Seldom does she have time for shopping.

Never are they afraid of cockroaches.

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B> GRAMMAR: PRESENT CONTINUOUS

I Functions:

Present Continuous can be used to:

 Describe an _ action at the current time (now, rightnow, at the moment, at present, at the time being, ):

My father is watering the garden at the moment.

My cats are chasing a mouse around the house.

 Describe a _ action/ event/ trend that may _ inthe future:

Dave is studying economics at university.

Jacob is working on his project this week.

Young people are going crazy about local brands

We ride our bike to school every day but today we are

taking the bus.

 Express a _ (be + always + Ving)

That boy is always talking in class.

My neighbor is always singing karaoke so loudly at night

 Describe a _ in the future (= be going to):

The government is building a bridge over this river soon

We are going on a holiday next summer.

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We RARELY use Present Continuous with:

 Verbs of thinking and feeling: believe, dislike, hate, know, like,

love, prefer, realize, recognize, remember, suppose, think(=believe), understand, want, wish

 Verbs of the senses: appear (=seem), feel, look, smell, sound,

+ Negative:

I + am not + V-ingHe/She/It + is not + V-ingYou/We/They + are not + V-ing

Shortened form: do not = _; does not = _

+ Question:

Am + I + V-ing

Is + he/she/it + V-ingAre + you/we/they + V-ing

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PRACTICE

I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced

differently from the others:

II Choose the correct answer for each sentence:

1 She goes to school by bus once a year/ every week.

2 Hardly/ Usually do I spend lots of money.

3 He sometimes/ barely sends any money back to his family,

although he has a lot of it

4 Sometimes/ Often there is a group of students playing in the park.

5 The Johnsons aren’t at home during the weekend, every day/

usually.

6 They every week/ often go skiing in the summer.

7 Come around and visit me always/ sometimes!

8 There are hardly/ often are any elephants left in Vietnam.

9 Always/ Never do I ever dream of being a doctor

10 The workers seldom/ often go on strike in this city In fact, they do

it every week!

III Choose the correct answer Only one is correct.

1 Hey! How _ you _?

A do – get B did – do C have – done D do – do

2 VW cars _ in Germany and the Czech Republic

3 You _ ever need to remind Tom; he always remembers

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4 It was such a beautiful day that we _ like going swimming

5 Her brother _ working on the group essay, although thedeadline is tomorrow!

C is often delaying D is always delaying

6 Next week when there _ a full moon, the ocean tides will

be higher

been

7 You should _ check your gasoline before starting your trip

8 Don’t _ to see me tonight I need to meet a client

9 Linda will go abroad as soon as she _ this English course

C will have completed D completed

10 My relatives _ to see me _ I love to see them

11 _ your room and the windows, please

A Clean B Are cleaning C Will clean D Cleaned

12 We can _ get a suitable table in this café It is too crowdedall the time

13 The alarm _ at 5 o’clock every morning

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14 Thousands of people _ by wars, famine, and naturaldisasters every day

15 It often takes me 40 minutes to _ in the morning

16 We work hard about two hours before we _ a rest

17 He is used to _ early in the morning because he’s a farmer

18 I’m so hungry Right now I only _ a freshly cooked meal

19 I _ on a new project in my company this month

20 “Attention all passengers! The London-Edinburgh train _ atthe station Please check your luggage before exiting.”

21 It’s so hot today I _ like having an ice-cream

A am feeling B is feeling C feel D feels

22 A new supermarket _ in this city center

A is built B will build C is being built D builds

23 I’ll call you as soon as I _ in Paris

24 “What do you usually do after classes?” – “I _ go to theswimming pool but I also help my father with this work _.”

A often – sometimes B always – more often

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C never – everyday D usually – all day

25 “What time you usually go to bed every night?” – “I _ go tobed _ 10 o’clock.”

26 “Are you free on Friday afternoon?” – “I’m afraid not I _away in the afternoon.”

27 “What time do you often get up in the morning?” – “Oh About 6o’clock Sometimes I _ up before the sun _.”

28 “I am going to meet Paul Can I help you?” – “Please _ him

to do me a favour when you _ him.”

29 “You think John is an interesting person, don’t you?” – “Certainly

He often _ when he _ with us.”

A laughed – was talking B laughs – talks

C laugh – is talking D is laughing – is talking

30 “The story is very exciting Why do you stop telling it?” – “Look!The teacher is looking at us He _ the lesson until we _ all quiet.”

A never starts – were B never started – are

C never starts – are D never started – were

IV Read the passage carefully and do the task below:

I enjoy walking It’s good exercise and it gets me into (1) _city I think that’s (2) _ I have a dog She needs (3) _ out

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and so I have a reason to go for a walk I go every Sunday and itdoesn’t (4) _ to me if it’s cold, windy and raining or a beautifulsunny day I just love to get away from people and be (5) _ for

a few hours

I always (6) _ home at the same time every Sunday andwalk over the hills to a little village in the country The walk isn’t very(7) _, only about an hour, but it’s quite hard work because Ihave to walk up the hill and down the other side

(8) _ I get to the village, I go to the pub for a beer and (9) _ food After lunch, I walk back along a (10) _ path andarrive home in time for tea

10 A separated B another C different D other

V Read the passage carefully and do the task below:

Every morning I get up at six The first thing I do is to wash thedishes my family dirtied the day before Then I cook breakfast We eat

at about seven fifteen Usually we have bread with butter Sometimes

we have rice or boiled sweet potatoes

It takes me about ten minutes to walk to school, and school beginswith an assembly period at seven forty-five There are fifteen hundredstudents in our school and so we meet in three separate assemblies:

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the infant department, the middle department, and the seniordepartment We always listen attentively to the head mistress thendifferent class call the roll for the attendance

We have seven periods from eight to one We study Mathematics,Geography, History, Arts and Crafts, and English I like English best andnext to that, Mathematics At ten, we have a chance to eat somesnacks We do not rest at noon At one, we clean up our classroomand the school is closed

Then I go home for lunch We often eat yams with soup and someother dishes After lunch, I usually sleep for half an hour In theafternoon, I often play netball I sometimes skip, run, and jump withother girls

At about six or six thirty we have dinner Either my sister or I cook

it The meal is simpler than the mid-day meal We eat fruit or rice, andsometimes we have bread and tea Then in the morning, I do myhomework and go to bed at about ten

1 The first thing the girl has to do in the morning is to:

2 At about seven fifteen, her family _

C do morning exercise D boil some water

3 She often spends about _ minutes walking to school

4 Her school begins at _

5 How many assemblies are there in her school?

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6 How many periods does she study every day?

7 What subject does she like best at school?

8 At one, after they _ their classroom, the children go home

9 Lunch is also known as the _ meal of a day

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C> GRAMMAR: PAST SIMPLE

I Functions:

Past Simple can be used to:

 Describe a _ action in the past with known _:

We watched a very intense football match last night She finished her study at university two years ago

 Describe actions that happened one after another in the past:

Last night, someone broke into my house, stole a motorbike and damaged some furniture

S + did not + Vbare

Shortened: did not = _;

+ Question:

Did + S + Vbare

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III ed – how to add:

+ Regular verbs ending with consonant + -y >> change -y to - ied

study > _ comply > _ apply > _hurry > _ supply > _

+ Regular verbs with one syllable, ending in

consonant-vowel-consonant (except from -w, -y, -x) >> double the last consonant-vowel-consonant +

IV ed – how to pronounce:

+ Pronounce as /id/: verbs ending with /t/, /d/

 Talk about an event in the _ without a _:

I have met that man before

I have taught myself how to speak Spanish.

 Talk about _ (so far, recently, lately, ):

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I have read 20 pages of this book so far.

She has written 5 novels as an author

 Talk about an action that _ in the past and _until the present (for + period of time, since + point in time):

I'm really tired because I have worked for a long time Dave has worked at that company for five years

I have played the piano since I was 5

 Talk about how many _ something has happened:

I have visited Sydney once.

My uncle has visited Paris several times.

This is the second time the singer has been on a big stage.

I have never been to London.

 Talk about something that has just happened (just):

She has just come back from the supermarket.

Oh Tom? I have just met him.

 Talk about unfinished work (yet):

Sorry Mister! We haven't finished our homework yet.

II Forms:

+ Affirmative:

I/You/We/They + have + V3He/She/It + has + V3

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Has + He/She/It + V3

PRACTICE

I Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others:

II Choose the correct answer Only one is correct.

1 I haven't met him again since we _ school ten years ago

2 Mr Pike _ for this company for more than 30 years, and heintends to stay here until he _

A worked – retires B work – is retiring

C has worked – retires D is working – will retire

3 They _ a happily married couple for over 50 years

A have been B had been C has been D were

4 My parents have left for English since I _ at primary school

5 His English _ a lot since he took an English course with Mr.John

6 Call me as soon as you _ your test result

A get B will get C will have got D got

7 I will come and see you before I _ for America

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A leave B will leave C have left D left

8 John _ in the same house since he _ school

C was living - was leaving D has lived – left

9 Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire _ by J K Rowling

10 Since the appearance of karaoke machines, they _

A had been widely used B have been widely used

11 The students _ to stand up while the national anthem _ and the flag _

A are taught - is sung - was raised

B taught - sang- is being raised

C are taught - is being sung - is being raised

D were taught - sang - raise

12 I _ by taxi today because my motorbike _

C is going - is repairing D am going - is being repaired

13 The last time I _ her was two months _

14 The flood victims _ with food and clean water by thevolunteers

15 In the past, people under the age of 20 _ to take drivingtests, but now they _ to

A are not allowed - were allowed

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B were not allowed - are allowed

C are allowed - were allowed

D were allowed - are not allowed

16 "When did you last hear from Linda?" - "The last time _when I _ for Paris."

17 "Why are you so sad today? What happened?" - "My youngersister _ all night so I _ my homework."

A cried – never finished B cries – sometimes finishes

C cried – couldn’t finish D cried – didn’t want to finish

18 The twins _ after by a German nanny for the last threeyears, so they can both speak German quite fluently

A have been looked B were being looked

19 The traditions in our family _ from generation togeneration, and I expect this will continue in the future

A may have been passed down

B were being passed down

C are going to be passed down

D have been passed down

20 My passport _ last year while I was on vacation

21 Most of the e-mail accounts at our company _ by a viruslast week

A have been affected B were affected

22 Claire's study _ by her advisor right now

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