Tic phim VHM Trung QuPc diu tien den vdi ban dpc Viet Nam ed le phai ke de'n Ldn ddu thdn mat ban dich eiia Nguydn Xuan Nhat phd cap rpng rai tren eic trang web ldn nhd, va gin day
Trang 1^ - ; • , ' ' - • ! ' N G H g T H U A T B O N P H I i n N n
VAN HCC /HANG TCUNG C L C ' C
GIANG LINH
dang la mpt dd tai
ndng bdng dupe
nhidu dpc gia Viet Nam quan
tam Ddng VHM ciia Viet
Nam ed sy phit tridn ty than,
nhd vio the he tre 8X, 9X
ham thich van hpc va co didu
kien diing internet Ben ciinh
dd, eung phai kd de'n tie nhan
nude ngoii, la VHM ciia nude
ban Trung Qud'c
Tic phim VHM Trung
QuPc diu tien den vdi ban dpc
Viet Nam ed le phai ke de'n
Ldn ddu thdn mat (ban dich
eiia Nguydn Xuan Nhat) phd
cap rpng rai tren eic trang web
ldn nhd, va gin day la Xin ldi,
em chi Id con dl (Trang Ha
djch) Cd le do didu kien xa
hpi khdng chenh lech nhidu,
cich tu duy chau A gin gui,
nhung tie phim eiia Trung
Qude tim dupe nhidu ddng
dieu d Viet Nam chiing ta
Trai qua ban 10 nam phit
tridn, VHM Trung Qud'c la
mpt hue tranh tdng thd nhidu
mau sic Cho ddn nay, nd da
cd sy bude phat tridn ty than,
vimg chic, dd ddn bay gid nd
dupe thira nhan nhu mpt dong
van hpc Idn manh, cd Hipp hpi
van hpc mang tidng Hoa
(www.cnlu.net), Hiep hpi van
hpc mang Trung Qude
(www.ilf.en), Hpi bien tap van
hpc mang (www.bianji.com)
Van hoc mang (VHM) la van hoc siil dung mang internet iam phuong tien truyen tai Moi ngudi deu binh ddng tren internet, va VHiVI cung vay, ai cung cd quyen trd thanh tac gia, va moi ngudi deu la doc gia Cac tac gia ngdi d nha
go iach each va i(iem i(ha
Mii tien, ddng thdi dpc phan
hdi cua ddc gia timg phiit tirng
gid Ngudi doc cd quyen keu
goi: Hay update (cap nhat) chuong sau! tham chi nhieu nhan vat da chet duoc ddc gia yeu cau cho hdi sinh Cach sdng tac vd thudng thuc deu thay ddi rat nhieu so vdi van hoc truyen thdng
cd Tuin Id van hoc miing thudng nien va Giai van hpc
miing thudng nien New
Threads trj gia 1,000 USD
(http://xys,freedns,us/pages3/
psi6.html) do cae nha van ldn
va dpc gia miing binh chpn
Ben Ciinh sy ldn manh khdng ngtmg ciia dpi ngu tie gia ty phit, VHM cung dupe cic bac cha chii quan tam vi hudng dao Nhd the, miich van hpc nay ngay cing cd nhidu tie phim hay va phii hpp vdi tudi tre Didm Iai qui trinh phat tridn ciia VHM Trung Qud'c ed thd kd ddn nhiing md'c sau
Trude nam 1996, internet
la mdt thir xa xi rit it ngudi
biet den d Trung Qud'c Thdi
ky dd hidm ngudi len mang,
va ciing khdng may ai ngoi go bai viet len trang web (Thi cd mpt so bai it di duoc dua len cac didn dan (forum) va dupe mpi ngudi hoan nghenh, va cd the coi dd lii tien than ciia tiic phim van hpc miing sau nay
Khdi ngudn eiia VHM biit dau tu Ciic luu hoc sinh nude ngoiii vd viio khoang nam 1995-1996 Thii linh phong triio lii Biit dai gia ACTT Fiing Zhouzi, San Yisheng Tide lii den gid hiu nhu khdng cdn dau tich van hpc gi eiia cac
"dai van hiio" ay nua, ciic trang web van hpc mang dau lien Ganlanshu (www.glan-shu.en), Xinyusi ( v v w w x y s d x i o n g c o m )
eQng da thay ddi nhieu, khdng cdn hoi thd ngay dd
Ngudi Trung Qud'c chi cdn ddi chiit an tupng vd tiie phim
VHM diu tien dupe du luan
cdng nhan la Nd lice vd hda
binh ciia nhi van Shaojun
sdng d My, ra ddi thing
4-1991, va mpt vai tac gia khae vdi gipng van hai hudc, eham bidm, tri thire sau rpng vi ndi lye sau sic Day cung la dinh hudng ngdn ngu cho VHM ve sau
Tir nam 1997 trd di la thdi
ky phit tridn internet, gia truy cap din din ha xudng mire eac
So 307 Thang 1-2010
Trang 2VAN H6A NGH£ THUAT mrbfc MCOAI
biin tre chip nhan dupe, va the
la d thanh phd Idn, nhung
quan internet mpc len nhu
nim sau mua
Sang sdm ngay 2-11-1997,
dpi bong da nam Trung Qud'c
thua Quata trong vdng loai
World Cup, so phan Trung
Qud'c ngan can treo spi toe
Mr Rong dang tai bai binh
luan Ngdy 31-10 Dai Lien
Kim Chdu khdng nude mdt
tren trang web Sitonglifang
(tien than Sina.com.cn sau
nay) Bai viet rat ngin, gipng
van binh than, chit ehua ndi
thit vpng ciia ngudi Trung
Qude doi vdi bong da nude
nha Ching bao lau sau, chinh
xic la 48 tie'ng sau, bai vie't
nay dupe dang lai tren khip
cac trang web khae, sP lupt
xem len den ban 20.000 lin
Ngiiy 14-11, td biio the thiio
Phifcriig Nam cudi tudn tiii
dang tai toiin bp npi dung bai
viet va md ra cupc thao luan
xoay quanh chii de nay Sau
khi dupe diing tren bio giiy,
bii vidt cang dupe hudng ung
miinh liet hon tren ciic didn
dan internet Day lii lin diu
tien, van viet tren mang dupe
cae bio in truydn thdng sir
dung va tao hieu qua manh trong dpc gia
Nam 1998, bp ba xe phio
ma Ning Caishen Ly Xunhuan Xing Yusen ndi bat tren van dan mang Bing van phong nhe nhang, hii hudc, eham bidm, hp khuiy dpng phong trio vie't van tren mang
va tao nen phong each hai hudc tre trung cua VHM
Ning Caishen chinh la tie gia
kich ban Vd Idm ngoai truyen
vui nhpn an khiich hien gid, cdn Ly Xunhuan gid la CEO (giam ddc) ciia trang web van hpc mang ldn nhit Trung Qude Rongshuxia
Nam 1997-1998 la diem md'c quan trpng eiia van hpc
mang, diinh diu bdi Dai
dudng song long truyen
(Huangyi) vii Tinh chien anh
hiing (Moren) Hai tic phim
tren trpn lin hda quyen eac trieu diii lich sir, cac ye'u to khoa hpc vidn tudng,, tiio nen thanh cdng rye rd Liic nay, internet dang phat trien eye thinh, cdng ty cung cip dich
vu mang tang khdng mpt vai gid online midn phi cho khach
!OJO«»"'Sn+W 52 5 u p I S * 8 »i
1^ ftf A ai«A «^ft « 1 « ttCA ( t * « S
tTT fl« » « Km Vit mt «!« e »
^SHfl:;«^*fti # « ' * fcs»j *»».* 4MKlt * « « « «»-;-« iiitistft
• a«« *«'• - c a m
« ' " « C " i r ~ l r ~ J i ^ ^ I V^JUfi ' V > u A 1 ^ ^ »i»»»»n;»ins« HVM*(11-19.149)
p "~"-~-l ^ ^ B " ' - ' M B ' h ^ ^ J M t ^ ^ B *V'K8rt)*»ff «1?:!"«»!M»GSf ]-ft ai.20,1971
» »L,-_-—„J - f ^ K ^ J ^ ^ - ' ^ S ^ ^ mBl *!••-»""**:• '*•*"••'» ("-is.i")
CPotMiyj^g ^ 'i^^^m '"'T^^- H H H | ^ ^ H ^ ''!*<^^fj^>3VI«WTf = t.;.V«9««^ (1M7,|7«)
M M U a i B ' " ' " * * "*"**-^ ' ^ * " ' * * * * ••;=«!«l««IlJ:»«««-B«n<.U» (11.17.131)
Bal&Ba jSQBB r J A l l l i B !tw»-.»e m t r ^ • n x N 7 « I • « • mi
Trang web cua Hiep hpi vdn hpc mqng tieng Hoa •• • —•
thanh ra cie trang web ca nhin
mpc len nhu nim Vi Dai
dudng song long truyen dinh
ky xuat ban d Hdng Kdng timg thing, nen dpc tren mang la cich nhanh nhit, tien nhit Sean - upload - dpc online, quy trinh eye ky nhanh gpn, va mac dii khdng dupe phap luat thira nhan nhung "quy trinh sieu nhanh" niy qui la cd tic dung giiip dd truydn bi van hpc mang Nhung kho van hpc mang ndi tie'ng nhat thdi ky nay ed Huangjin Shuwu, Shulu, Wohuju
Den nam 1999, cd thd thanh nien thdi didm iy khdng bidt vd Luat giio due, khdng bidt ve Phip luan edng, nhung neu ban khdng hidu "ndu cd nhidu tidn tdi se tau nhi liu, tdi
ed tidn chang, khdng hd ed, bdi vay nen tdi vin khdng nha cira chi!" thi that la lac hau Vi khi
dd, Ldn ddu ben nhau eiia
Tsai Zhiheng (Thai Tri Hing) dang ndi dinh dam tren mang Tinh yeu dep vi lang man lam xiie dpng bao nhieu trai tim dpc gia, hang tram nghin ngudi ngiy dem ddi theo dien bien cau ehuyen, khde khi nhan vat chinh khdc, cudi khi
hp vui Sau khi cdng bd toan
bp tic phim tren trang web Cii nhan, do cu dan mang qua ham
mp va nhiet thinh dd nghj, Thii Tri Hing lien ban ban
quydn, vi Ldn ddu ben nhau
ra mit ban dpc dudi hinh thire giiy tring mye den Thing
II-1999, sich dupe in 200.000 ban ngay tu lin in thu nhit tai Dai Loan, va sau dd lien tidp
tai ban rit nhidu lin, Chi 1
m So 307
Thang 1-2010
Trang 3NGHg THUAT B6N PHuam
nam sau, cudn sach da dupe tii
ban ddn lin thir 10 Lupng tieu
thu d Trung Qud'c diii lue len
de'n vai trieu ban, ehua kd cic
ban in lau nhidu gip miy lin
chimg dd Gin day, tie phim
niy cdn dupe cai bien thanh
truyen tranh, phim truydn
hinh, kjeh ndi Phai ndi ring,
Ldn ddu ben nhau la dinh cao
ciia VHM Trung Hoa thdi so
khai, md ra ky nguyen VHM
bit tay vdi hinh thuc xuit ban
truyen thdng
Tir nam 2000 de'n nay,
internet thyc sy da phd cap
hoin toin d dai luc, cang ngay
cing nhidu ngudi vidt va dpc
van mang Ddng thdi, cdng ty
djch vu mang chim diit thdi
ky phi gia, khdng cdn thdi
doiin midn phi hing ngiy Vi
the cic trang web ci nhan nho
le din din bj mit, sip nhap
vao mpt, nhudng chd eho eac
trang web Idn dd sp, dem lai
hieu qua kinh doanh van hpc
nhu Huanjianshumeng,
Longdetiankong,
Trai qua nhidu trie trd,
trang web van hpc tim ra
phuang thire thanh toan thu
phi hpp ly, bing each tao
phong dpc VIP danh eho
khich hang tra tidn,
Tidp theo thanh edng eua
Ldn ddu ben nhau, VHM va
van hpc truydn thdng Iai "giao
duyen" vdi Tam biet Vi An
(Anni Bao Bdi, 2000), Ngp
Khong truyen (Jin Hezai
-Kim Ha Tai, 2001), Thdnh Do
hay quen toi dem nay
(Murong Xueeun - Mp Dung
Tiiydt Thdn, 2002), Nhat ky
Sa Tdng (Lin Changzhi - Lam
Trudng Trj),,, Cudn nao cung bin rit chay, tii ban nhidu lin
va "dinh eu" tren danh sich best seller nhidu ngay VHM
da that sy cim rd vao thj trudng Lupng ngudi dpc VHM tang len, phan ting thinh Idp dpc gia ldn tudi ban hudng vao tieu thuye't, tan van giau tinh van hpc, cdn Idp dpc gia thanh thidu nien tap trung vao eac tac phim hot, tien phong VHM phat trien ddi dao ve so lupng va nang cao bin vd chat lupng
Ben canh do, nhd dong gdp eua game online (tro ehai dien tir tryc tuyen), nam 2004-2005
la thdi ky quang ba du dpi eiia eic edng ty game online, va hang loat tieu thuye't mang chuyen thd tu game ra ddi
The loai "cung dinh" nay dupe hau thuin bdi tai lye hiing hau eiia cac edng ty game, muc dich sing tic rd rang, dupe tuyen truydn quang ba tot nen dem lai hieu irng kha eao
Sau thanh edng vang dpi ciia Harry Potter, ddng truyen
ky ao (fantasy) len ngdi d Trung Qud'c, va liy internet lam phuang tien truyen tai chii ydu Thdi ky niy cung xuit hien nhidu tie phim ciia cac
tie gia the he 8X, nhu Ndm
thdng tuoi dep ciia Sunrui
(Tdn Nhue), Tdt nghiep ra
that tinh eua He Yuanwai (Hi
Vien Ngoai), Vuong qude do
ciia Quich Kinh Minh Cho ddn nay, cd it nhit 9 thd loai VHM phd bidn d Trung Qud'c
Dd la truyen ky io, vd hiep ky
ao, truyen sinh hoat thudng nhat, truyen tinh cam, Ijch sir
vd hiep, didm tinh, khoa hpc
va quan sy, Mdi thd loai ddu
ed cic tie gia ndi bat va tac phim thanh edng, ca ve chit lupng van chuong, sy cudn hut ban dpc ca tren mang lin khi
ra sach in,
Dd tam ket thue bai diem qua ve lich sir VHM Trung Qud'c nay, xin trich ldi ciia nha van, trp ly giao su Dai hpc Thanh Cdng Dai Loan Thai Tri Hing, ngudi dupe menh danh
la hoang tir van hpc mang, tiic
gia cudn sach Ldn ddu ben
nhau (Nxb Kim Ddng, thang
10-2008) trong tam sy vdi rieng ban dpc Viet Nam: "Tdi viet truyen rat ty nhien Co nhidu ban tren internet hdi: Tdi mudn vie't, nhung khdng biet lam sao vie't ndi? Kinh nghiem ciia tdi danh cho ciie biin iy la, neu biin that sy rit mudn vie't, nhung ddng chu se ty chay ra
tren ban phim Nhd vie't Ldn
ddu va kien tri theo dudi
dong VHM ve tinh cam nhe nhang lang man, tdi quen dupe nhieu ban be d khip cac nude, bay gid la cae ban Viet Nam
Va tdi eung giri gim mpt so kidn thuc chuyen mdn ciia tdi vio van Hien gid, tdi co nhieu viec d trudng dai hpc, nhung hiu nhu ngay nio tdi ciing tranh thii vidt mpt chiit it Cam giic giai phPng eon chu trong ngudi len miy tinh that la tuyet, hy vpng cac ban dimg qua dat nang dinh gia eiia ngudi khae ma bj ap lye Vidt van la mpt hanh phiic!""
G.L
Tdng hap lir tu lifeu lie'ng Trung
ciia Nxb Kim D6ng
ThSng 1-2010 S6 307(3