Mac cung dd ra sach lupc, hinh thai dau tranh giai cap ciia giai cap vo san; khang dinh sii' menh lich sir cua giai cap vo san trong each mang vo san la danh dd chil nghia tu ban, xay du
Trang 1NGHIEN CQU CHU NGHIA MAC - LENIN VA TlSJlSdNG HO CHI MINH
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CHU NGHin Mine - L€NIN VOI QUH TRINH PHflT TRI€N
Vfl TH^NG LOI cun CHCH MDNG VICT NRM
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' t f n b ' ' '' PGS, TS NGUYfeN TRONG PHUC'*'
V.I Lenin da neu ro: "Chu nghia
Mac la he ihong cac quan diem va hoc
thuyet cua Mac Mac da thira ke va hoan
chinh mot each thien tai ba trao luu tu
tudng chil yeu c i a the ky XIX, thuoc ba
nudc tien tien nhat ciia loai nguoi: triet hoc
CO dien Due, mon kinh te chinh tri co dien
Anh va chu nghia xa hpi Phap g^n lien vdi
cac hoc thuyet each mang Phap noi chung
Tinh triet de va tinh hoan chinh tuyet vcfi
(ma ngay ca ke thu cua Mac cung phai thira
nhan) cua nhirng quan di6m ciia ong (ma
toan b6 hop thanh chu nghia duy vat hien
dai va chu nghia xa hoi khoa hoc hien dai,
tiic la ly luan va cuong Ilnh cua phong trao
cong nhan d tat ca cac nudc van minh tren
the gidi)'""
Mac va Ph Angghen ke thira va phat
then phep bien churng ciia Heghen, theo
Mac thi Phep bien chung la "khoa hpc ve
nhung quy luat chung ciia su van dpng ciia
the gidi ben ngoai cung nhu ciia tu duy con
ngudi" Mac da dua ra quan niem duy vat
lich sir, tire la van dung triet de chii nghia
duy vat de' xem xet nhung hien tupng xa hpi
'•' 'Vien Lich sir Dang Hoc vifin Chinh tri
chinh qu6c gia H6 Chi Mmh
Hanh
trong lich su "Chii nghia Mac md dudng cho viec nghien ciiu rong rai va toan dien qua trinh phat sinh, phat trien va suy tan CLia cac hinh thai kinh te xa hpi bang each
xem xet todn bg nhirng xu hudng mau
thuin nhau, bang each quy nhirng xu hudng a'y vao nhung dieu kien sinh hoat va san
xuat da dupe xac dinh ro rang ciia cdc giai
cdp trong xa hpi"'^* Mac va Angghen da
phat trien va chung minh ly luan vd dau tranh giai cap, khang dinh lich sir tat ca cac
xa hpi cho den nay (tir xa hpi cong san nguyen thiiy) la ljch sir dau tranh giai cap, dong thdi cung chi ro lich sir dau tranh giua cac dan tpc Mac da chung minh vai trd ciia quan chung nhan dan trong lich sir, con ngudi lam ra lich sir cua chinh minh
Lenin cung cho rang: "Nghien curu su phat sinh, phat trien va suy tan cua nhung quan he san xua't ciia mot xa hpi nhat dinh trong lich sir, dd la npi dung ciia hpc thuyet kinh te cua Mac"'" Bat dau tir viec phan tich hang hda, san xuat hang hda, gia tri sir dung va gia tri trao doi cua hang hda, Mac phat hien ra gia tri thang du va bdc lot gia tri thang du trong quan he san xuat tu ban chil nghia Theo Angghen, Mac da tim ra quy luat phat trien ciia lich sir loai ngudi va
LY LUAN CHiNH TRI 8 - 2009
Trang 2"Mac cung tim ra quy luat van ddng rieng
ciia phuong thirc san xuat tu ban chii nghia
hien dai va cua xa hpi tu san do phuong
thiifc dd de ra Vdi viec phat hien ra gia tri
thang du trong linh vuc nay, thi lap tiirc mot
anh sang da hien ra trong khi tat ca cac
cong trinh nghien cun trudc day ciia cac
nha kinh te hpc tu san cung nhu ciia cac
nha phe binh xa hpi chii nghia vin deu mo
mlm trong bdng tdi Hai phat minh nhu vay
ddi vdi mot ddi ngudi cung la dii roi Ngudi
nao ma cd dupe mot phat minh nhu vay thi
han la da hanh phiic lam roi"''*'
Vg chii nghia xa hpi, "Mac hoan toan
dira vao va chi dua vao nhiing quy luat kinh
te CLia su van dpng ciia xa hpi hien dai ma
ket luan rang, xa hpi tu ban chii nghia nhat
dinh se phai chuyen bien thanh xa hdi xa
hpi chu nghia""' Mac cung dd ra sach lupc,
hinh thai dau tranh giai cap ciia giai cap vo
san; khang dinh sii' menh lich sir cua giai
cap vo san trong each mang vo san la danh
dd chil nghia tu ban, xay dung chii nghia xa
hpi, chil nghia cdng san Tuyen ngdn ciia
Ddng Cgng sdn cua Mac - Angghen cdng
bd nam 1848 danh dau sir ra ddi hpc thuyet
each mang va khoa hpc, vu khi tu tudng, ly
luan ciia mot cudc each mang xa hdi trong
thdi dai mdi Cudc each mang dd phan anh
quy luat phat trien tat yeu ciia lich sir loai
ngudi "Su sup dd cua giai cap tu san va
thang lpi CLia giai cap vo san la tat yeu nhu
nhau""*' Mac cung la ngudi thay rd thdi ky
qua dp chuydn bien tir chii nghia tu ban len
chil nghia xa hdi, tuong irng vdi thdi ky dd
la chuyen chinh vo san
Lenin phat trien hpc thuyet Mac trong
thdi ky phat trien ciia chii nghia de qud'c
cudi the ky XIX dau the ky XX Vdi sir
phat trien sang tao dd da dan tdi thang lpi
ciia Cach mang Thang Mudi Nga nam 1917
-cudc each mang da md ra thdi dai mdi trong lich sir nhan loai - thdi dai qua dp len chii nghia xa hpi Su phat tridn ly luan khoa hpc va minh chirng bang thang loi ciia cudc each mang do Lenin lanh dao, da dua chii nghia xa hdi tir khoa hpc thanh hien thuc va phat tridn day du, toan dien hon trong hpc thuyet Mac - Lenin
Nhu da trinh bay, hpc thuyet khoa hpc
va each mang ciia Mac va dupe Lenin phat tridn khdng chi giai phdng giai cap vd san,
ma cdn giai phdng cac dan tdc bi ap buc, giai phdng nhan dan lao ddng va toan the loai ngudi Tren con dudng di tim dudng ciru nudc, giai phdng dan tdc, lanh tu Nguydn Ai Qude - Hd Chi Minh da tim tha'y d chii nghia Mac - Lenin con dudng each mang chan chinh, con dudng cuai nudc diing dan • ' • •
-Nhirng nam 20 ciia the ky XX, Nguydn
Ai Qud'c da tiep thu ly luan Mac - Ldnin tir cdi ngudn va ra sii:c truyen ba ly luan dd thdng qua nhiing luan de tu tudng ciia minh vao phong trao cdng nhan va phong trao yeu nudc Viet Nam, giac ngd giai cap cdng nhan va ca dan tdc Viet Nam dau tranh de gianh ddc lap, giai phdng dan tpc, giai phdng nhiing ngudi lao ddng cung khd, xay dung xa hpi mdi vi nhan dan, vi con ngudi Theo Nguydn Ai Qude, mud'n dua sir nghiep giai phdng dan tdc vao quy dao ciia each mang vo san, can phai nam vung muc tieu, ban chat va phuong thiirc tidn hanh cudc each mang dd, dac biet d mdt nudc thude dia, phong kien nhu Viet Nam, cae nudc Ddng Duong va ca chau A ndi chung
"Che dp cdng san cd ap dung dupe d chau
A ndi chung va d Ddng Duong ndi rieng khdng? Day la van dd ma chiing ta dang quan tam hien nay"''' Nguydn Ai Qud'c da
LY LUAN CHiNH TRI 8 - 2009
Trang 3dat vah dd nhu thd' vao thang 5-1921 va
Ngudi da tra ldi cau hdi tu dat ra dd: "Xet
nhung ly do ljch sir cho phep chu nghia
cdng san tham nhap dd dang vao chau A, dd
dang hon la d chau Au"'*' Nguydn Ai Qude
nha'n manh su can thid't phai quan niem
dung dan ve chii nghia cdng san, tiirc chu
nghia bdnsevieh Khdng nen hieu chii nghia
nghia bdnsdvich cd nghia la: hoac sir pha
hoai tat ca, hoac sir giai phdng khdi ach
nudc ngoai "Nghia thii: nha't gan cho danh
tir a'y lam cho quan chiing vd hpc va nhiit
nhat xa lanh chiing ta; nghia thu hai thi dan
hp ddn chil nghia qud'c gia Ca hai dieu dd
deu nguy hiem ca Chi cd mdt so ngudi
trong nhan dan hieu dupe thd' nao la chii
nghia cdng san"'^' Dieu dd cho tha'y vide
truydn ba, giao due vd chii nghia cong san
trong cdng nhan, nhan dan ed tam quan
trpng dac biet u •• ; ;
-Ngay tir d^u, Nguydn Ai Qud'c da chii
trpng van dung sang tao vao didu kien ciia
Viet Nam Nguydn Ai Qud'c nhan thiirc rd
rang: "Mae da xay dung hpc thuyet ciia
minh tren mdt triet ly nhat djnh ciia ljch sir,
nhung ljch sir nao? Lich sir chau Au Ma
chau Au la gi? Dd chua phai la toan the
nhan loai"'"" Va Nguydn Ai Qud'c dat van
de phai md rong sir nghidn ciiu va phat trien
hpc thuyet Mac, can phai "xem xet lai chu
nghia Mac ve co sd ljch sir ciia nd, cimg cd
nd bang dan tdc hpc phuong Ddng"""
Nhiing nam 20 ciia the ky XX, Nguydn Ai
Quoc da tha'y rang d Viet Nam "cudc dau
tranh giai ca'p khdng didn ra gidng nhu d
phuong Tay ndu ndng dan gan nhu chang
cd gi thi dja chii cung khdng cd vdn lieng gi
ldn; ndu ndng dan chi sd'ng bang cai tdi
thidu can thid't thi ddi sd'ng ciia dja chii
cung chang cd gi la xa hoa; ne'u thp thuyen
khdng biet minh bi bdc lot bao nhidu thi
chii lai khdng hd biet cdng cu de bdc Idt cua hp la may mdc; ngudi thi chang cd cdng doan, ke thi ching cd tordt Ngudi thi nhan nhue chiu sd phan ciia minh, ke thi vira phai trong su tham lam ciia minh Su xung dot ve quy^n lpi ciia hp dupe giam thidu Dieu dd khdng the chdi cai ducjc""^' Vdi sir phan tich vd thuc trang cac giai cap va da'u tranh giai cap d Viet Nam nhu vay, Nguydn Ai Qude nhin nhan khdng chi
a Viet Nam ma ca Ddng Duong, Trung
Qude va An Dp, ca chau A, phuong Ddng
va cho rang: "chii nghia dan tdc la ddng lire ldn CLia da't nudc Chinh nd da gay nen cudc ndi day chd'ng thud' nam 1908, nd day cho nhiing ngudi culi bid't phan ddi, nd lam cho nhiing ngudi "nha qud" phan ddi ngam trudc thud' tap dich va thud' mudi Cung chu nghia dan tdc da ludn ludn thuc day cac nha budn An Nam canh tranh vdi ngudi Phap va ngudi Trung Qude; nd thuc giuc thanh nien bai khda, lam cho nhung nha each mang trdn sang Nhat Ban va lam vua Duy Tan muu tinh khdi nghia nam 1916""" "Gid day, ngudi ta se khong the lam gi dupe cho ngudi An Nam ne'u khdng dua tren cac ddng lire vl dai va duy nhat ciia ddi sdng xa
hdi CLia h p " " "
Dat ldn hang dau muc tidu, nhidm vu giai phdng dan tpc Dang Cong san Viet Nam va Nguydn Ai Quoc - Hd Chf Minh da van dung sang tao hpc thuyet each mang CLia Mac, nhat la dieu ma Mac va Angghen
da kdu gpi trong Tuyen ngdn cita Ddng
Cgng sdn: "giai cap vd san mdi nudc trudc
het phai gianh lay chinh quydn, phai tu
wxan ldn thanh giai cap dan tdc, phai tir
minh trd thanh dan tpc""" Dudng ldi each mang giai phdng dan tdc ciia Dang da dupe phat trien hoan chinh bdi cac Nghi quyet Hdi nghj Trung uong (11-1939, 11-1940)
LY LUAN CHiNH TR| 8 - 2009
Trang 4va 5-1941) va vdi sir lanh dao cuong quyet,
kip thdi va khdn kheo ciia Dang va Hd Chi
Minh, Cach mang Thang Tam nam 1945 da
thang lpi ve vang Tiep dd, dudng ldi giai
phdng dan tdc, dudng ldi chie'n tranh nhan
dan each mang ciia Dang va Hd Chi Minh
da gianh thang lpi trong hai cudc khang
chien chd'ng thuc dan Phap va de' qud'c My
xam lupc, gianh ddc lap va thd'ng nhat hoan
toan Chinh chii nghia Mac da khoi day
chu nghia dan tpc va tinh than yeu nudc
Viet Nam, phat huy sd'c manh cua quan
chiing nhan dan, phat trien khdi dai doan
ket toan dan tdc gianh ddc lap va phat tridn
da't nudc Hd Chi Minh va Dang Cdng san
Viet Nam da that sir dai bieu cho tinh than
va sire manh cua dan tdc, trong dd cd sure
manh ciia giai cap cdng nhan va nhan dan
lao ddng ,
Mac va Ldnin da quan niem ro rang ve
thdi ky qua dp ldn chii nghia xa hdi sau khi
each mang v6 san nd ra va giai cap cdng
nhan nam chinh quyen Mae quan niem ve
qua dd chinh trj vdi sir thid't lap va vai trd
ciia chuydn ehinh vo san Ldnin dd cap
nhidu hon ve qua dp kinh te Thdi ky qua
dp theo cae dng la thdi dai chuydn chinh vd
san, la sir tdn tai cua nhieu giai cap, tang
ldp xa hdi va vin didn ra da'u tranh giai cap
vdi ndi dung va hinh thiirc mdi, la su tdn tai
va phat trien cua nhieu thanh phan kinh td'
dan xen nhau, nhidu che' dp sd hiiu tu lieu
san xua't Thdi ky qua dp didn ra rat dai
trong ljch sir va phai trai qua nhidu chang
dudng, budc di khac nhau
Sau thang lpi cua Cach mang thang Tam
nam 1945, Viet Nam da bat dau ky nguyen
mdi, ky nguyen ddc lap dan tdc va tien ldn
chil nghia xa hdi Thuc dan Phap quay lai
xam lupc Viet Nam lan thir hai, vi vay
Dang Cdng san va dan tdc Viet Nam van
phai tiep tuc each mang giai phdng dan tdc
de hoan thanh each mang dan tdc dan chu nhan dan Nam 1946, trong chuyen di tham nudc Phap, khi tra ldi nha bao, trong hoan canh rat phu'c tap, Chii tich Hd Chf Minh van khang dinh Viet Nam di theo con dudng cua chii nghia Mac Ngudi neu rd:
"Tat ca mpi ngudi deu cd quydn nghidn ciiu mdt chu nghia Rieng tdi, tdi nghien ciiu chu nghia Cac Mae Cdn khi nao thi chu nghia Cac Mac thuc hidn thi tdi khdng the tra ldi dupe Mudn cho chu nghia cdng san thuc hidn dupe, can phai cd ky nghe, ndng nghiep va tat ca mpi ngudi deu dupe phat tridn het kha nang eua minh O nudc chiing tdi, nhirng didu kien ay chua cd du""*' Dai hdi II cua Dang (thang 2-1951) xac djnh rd con dudng hoan thanh each mang dan tdc dan chii nhan dan tidn len chu nghia
xa hdi Nam 1954 mien Bac dupe hoan toan giai phdng va budc vao thdi ky qua dp ldn chu nghia xa hdi, trong khi mien Nam vin phai tiep tuc hoan thanh each mang dan tdc dan chil nhan dan Hoan canh mien Bac vira mdi thoat khdi ach thuc dan, phong kien het sire lac hau va dat nudc dang bj chia cat lam hai mien "Trong nhung didu kien nhu the, chiing ta phai diing nhung phuang phap gi, hinh thirc gi, di theo tdc dp nao dd tidn dan ldn chil nghia xa hdi? Chung ta phai nang cao sir tu dudng ve chu nghia Mac - Lenin
dd diing lap trudng, quan didm, phuong phap ciia chii nghia Mac - Lenin ma tdng ket nhung kinh nghiem cua Dang ta, phan tich mdt each diing dan nhirng dac diem ciia nudc ta Cd nhu the, chiing ta mdi cd the dan dan hidu dupe quy luat phat tridn eua each mang Viet Nam, djnh ra dupe nhiing dudng ldi, phuong cham, budc di cu the CLia each mang xa hdi chii nghia thich hpp vdi tinh hinh nudc ta"""
LV LUAN CHiNH TRI 8 - 2009
Trang 5Dai hdi HI (thang 9-1960) va Dai hdi IV
(thang 12-1976) cua Dang da de ra dudng ldi
each mang xa hdi chii nghia d mien Bac va
ca nudc Cdng cuoc xay dung chii nghia xa
hdi 0 nudc ta da dat dupe nhiing thanh tiru
nhat djnh, ddng thdi cung bdc Id nhiing
khuyet tat, yeu kem Dd cung chinh la nhirng
yeu ciu khach quan phai tien hanh ddi mdi,
bat dau tir ddi mdi tu duy ly luan, nhan thiirc
rd hon vd chii nghia xa hdi va nhirng quy luat
khach quan ciia thdi ky qua dp
Dai hdi VI ciia Dang (thang 12-1986) da
hoach djnh dudng ldi ddi mdi Vdi chinh
sach phat trien ndn kinh td' hang hda nhidu
thanh phin, vdi sir ddi mdi co chd' quan ly
chuyen din sang ndn kinh te' thj trudng djnh
hudng xa hdi chii nghia, ndn kinh te' Viet
Nam da phat trien mdt each vung chic,
timg budc thoat khdi tinh trang khiing
hoang tram trpng tir eudi nhiing nam 70 va
sud't nhung nam 80 ciia the' ky XX Dai hpi
VII ciia Dang (6-1991) da de ra Cuang ITnh
xdy dung dd't nudc trong thai ky qud do len
chil nghTa xd hoi Cuong linh da ndu ldn md
hinh ciia xa hdi xa hdi chu nghia d Viet
Nam gdm 6 dac trung Dau nhung nam 90,
vdi chinh sach kinh te dung din, vdi dudng
ldi ddi ngoai ddc lap tir chii phu hpp, sir
lanh dao dung din cua Dang va dieu hanh
CLia nha nudc phap quyen xa hdi chii nghia,
cdng cudc ddi mdi cua Viet Nam da vupt
qua nhiing thach thirc hidm ngheo do sir sup
dd cua chd' dp xa hdi chii nghia d Lien Xd
va cac nudc Ddng Au
Kidn djnh muc tidu ddc lip din tdc va
chil nghia xa hdi, each mang Viet Nam phat
trien theo dudng ldi ddi mdi ciia Dang
chinh la sir phat trien sang tao nhiing
nguydn ly ciia chii nghia Mac - Ldnin va tu
tudng Hd Chf Minh va chiing minh gia tri
khoa hpc, tfnh each mang ciia ly luan, tu
tudng dd Trai qua hon 20 nam ddi mdi trdn nen tang chii nghia Mac - Ldnin va tu tudng
Hd Chi Minh, vdi sir sang tao, phii hpp vdi thuc tidn, Viet Nam da tidn nhiing budc dai vdi nhiing bien ddi sau sic, nhiing thanh tiru to ldn cd y nghia lich sir Ciing vdi nhung thanh tuu ve tang trudng, phat tridn kinh te, van hda, giao due, thuc hidn chinh sach xa hdi, cai thien dang ke ddi sd'ng vat chat va tinh thin eua nhan dan, giu viing dn djnh chinh trj va tang cudng siic manh qude phdng, an ninh, md rdng quan he ddi ngoai, chiing ta cdn dat dupe thanh tuu quan trpng
vd ly luan, "nhan thirc ve chii nghia xa hdi
va con dudng di ldn chu nghia xa hdi ngay cang sang td hon""*", trudc het la vd muc tidu va md hinh eiia chd' dp xa hdi chu nghia d Viet Nam Dai hdi X xac djnh md hinh 8 dac trung cua chii nghia xa hdi Viet Nam la: xa hdi dan giau, nudc manh, cdng bang, dan chii, van minh; do nhan dan lam ehu; cd nen kinh te phat trien cao, dua trdn lire lucmg san xuat hidn dai va quan he san xuat phil hpp vdi trinh dp phat trien cua lue lupng san xuat; cd ndn van hda tidn tien, dam da ban sic dan tpc; con ngudi dupe giai phdng khdi ap biirc, bat cong, cd cuoc sd'ng a'm no, tu do, hanh phuc, phat trien toan didn; cac dan tdc trong cdng ddng Vidt Nam binh ding, doan ket, tuong trp va giiip
dd nhau ciing tidn bd; cd Nha nude phap quydn xa hdi chii nghia ciia nhan dan, do nhan dan, vi nhan dan, dudi sir lanh dao ciia Dang; cd quan he hull nghj va hpp tac vdi nhan dan cae nudc trdn thd' gidi
Mac khdng dua ra mdt md hinh chu
nghia xa hdi, nhung trong Tuyen ngdn ciia
Ddng Cgng sdn, Mae va Angghen da dua ra
10 bien phap thuc hidn chii nghia cdng san
ap dung d cac nudc tidn tidn nhat (hidu la cac nudc tu ban phat tridn cao) Nhung cac
LY L U A N CHiNH TRI 8 - 2009
Trang 6dng ciing luu y: "trong nhirng nudc khac
nhau, nhung bien phap ay di nhien se khac
nhau rat nhieu""'' Dd la ehi din het sire
quy bau dd each mang xa hdi chii nghia
didn ra d cac nudc khdng hoan toan gid'ng
nhau Va do dd, cac dang cdng san cin het
sii:c tranh va khic phuc ehu nghia giao dieu,
rap khudn Phai ludn ludn xul't phat tir thuc
tidn nudc minh de lua chpn giai phap, hinh
thiifc va bude di thich hpp Cdng cudc ddi
mdi d Viet Nam da lam sang td hon nhung
giai phap, bien phap cin thiet de dat tdi
muc tidu cua ehu nghia xa hdi Qua trinh di
len chil nghia xa hdi d Viet Nam cung da
lam sang td hon nhung chang dudng, budc
di cu the; nudc ta da hoan thanh chang
dudng dau ciia thdi ky qua dp (1996) va
dang d chang day manh cdng nghiep hda,
hidn dai hda dat nudc Cung ein khing
djnh, thuc tidn ciia cdng cudc ddi mdi da
ehiing minh kha nang va ndi dung bd qua
chd' dp tu ban chu nghia Qua dp len ehu
nghia xa hdi bd qua che dd tu ban chii
nghia, tire la bd qua vide xac lap vj tri thd'ng
trj cua quan he san xua't va kien triic thupng
ting tu ban chii nghia, nhung tiep thu, ke
thira nhiing thanh tuu ma nhan loai da dat
dupe dudi chd' dd tu ban chii nghia, dac biet
vd khoa hpc va cdng nghe de phat trien
nhanh lire lupng san xuit, xay dung ndn
kinh td' hidn dai
Giira thd' ky XIX, Mac va Angghen da
du bao sir phat tridn manh me cua dai cdng
nghiep, ciia khoa hpc cdng nghe dudi chii
nghia tu ban, sir phat tridn ciia thj trudng
the' gidi "Tu do budn ban, thj trudng the
gidi, sir ddng ddu eua san xuat cdng nghiep
va nhung dieu kien sinh hoat thfch irng vdi
nen san xuat ay thi nhiing sir each biet dan
tdc va nhung sir ddi lap giira nhan dan cac
nudc cung ngay cang mat di", "sir thdng trj
ciia giai d p vd san se cang lam cho nhihig
su each biet va nhirng sir ddi lip I'y se mit
di nhanh hon"'^"' Trong cdng cudc ddi mdi, Dang va Nha nudc Viet Nam da thiic diy kinh td' thi trudng phat trien d trong nudc va quan he thuong mai vdi cac nudc Ngay 7-11-2006, Viet Nam trd thanh thanh vidn cua To chii:c Thuong mai the' gidi (WTO), Viet Nam cung ke' thira va phat trien thanh qua ciia each mang khoa hpc, cdng nghe trdn thd' gidi
Cin nhan manh ring, Dang va Nha nudc Viet Nam trong khi kien tri xay dung da't nudc theo con dudng cua chu nghia xa hdi
da ludn ludn neu cao ban chat hda binh, hiru nghj, chii nghia qud'c td' cao ca cua chu nghia xa hdi Thuc hidn dudng ldi ddi ngoai rdng md, da phuong hda, da dang hda cac quan he ddi ngoai, Viet Nam la ban, la ddi tac tin cay vdi tit ca cac nudc trdn the gidi
vi mdt thd' gidi hda binh, hpp tac va phat trien Dd cung chinh la tu tudng nhin van, nhan ai cao ca cua Mac, Angghen, Ldnin,
Hd Chi Minh phan diu vi cudc sd'ng tdt dep ciia ta't ca cac din tdc, cua toan nhan loai
(1),(2),(3),(5) V.l Ldnin: Todn tap, t.26, NXB
Tien bo, Matxcova, 1980, tr.59-60, 68, 72, 86
(4) C.Mac va Ph.Angghen: Todn tap, t.I9, NXB
Chinh trj qude gia Ha N6i, 1995, tr.500
(6),(15),(19),(20) Mac va Angghen: Sdd, t.4, tr.613, 623-624, 627, 624
(7),(8),(9),(10),(11),(12),(I3),(14) H6 Chi Minh:
Todn tap, t.l, NXB Chinh trj quoc gia Ha Ndi,
2000, tr.33, 35, 63, 465,465, 464,466, 467 (16) H6 Chi Minh: Sdd, t.4, U.272
(17) H6 Chi Minh: Sdd, t.8, tr.494
(18) DCSVN: Van Icien Dai hgi dai bieu todn
quoc ldn thi( X, NXB CTiinh trj qude gia Ha
Noi, 2006, U.68
Ly LUAN CHiNH TR| 8 - 2009