Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and TechnologyCopyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of
Trang 111/2/2013 Giả g viên: Ngu ễ Xuân Tùng
Bộ môn Hệ thố g điệ Đại họ Bách khoa Hà Nội
Trang 2Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Chươ g 01: Máy iế dòng điệ & Máy iế điệ áp dùng cho ụ
đ h ảo ệ ơle
Chươ g 02: Các nguyên lý ảo ệ trong hệ thố g điệ
Chươ g 03: Bảo ệ các đườ g dây 220kV và 500kV
Chươ g 04: Bảo ệ các máy iế áp 220 và 500kV
Chươ g 05: Bảo ệ các hệ thố g thanh góp
Chươ g 06: Bảo ệ các máy phát điệ
Chươ g 07: Bảo ệ các thiết ị khác trong t ạ iế áp
2
Đề ươ g
Trang 3Chươ gà
3
Nguyên lý hoạt động – Qui ước cực tính
Sơ đồ thay thế - Sai số của máy biến dòng điện
Biến dòng điện hoạt động ở chế độ bão hòa - Hiện tượng hở mạch thứ cấp biến dòng
Phân biệt biến dòng dùng cho đo lường và bảo vệ
Kết cấu phổ biến của BI – Ưu, nhược điểm
Phương thức đo lường thành phần dòng điện thứ tự không
Trang 4Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Trang 5Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
ìơ đồ thay thế
Sai số ủa BI uất hiệ do tồ tại ủa dòng từ hóa
Điệ áp uất hiệ phía thứ ấp
V thứ ấp =I thứ ấp *(Z uộ thứ ấp +Z dây dẫ phụ + Z thiết ị ối vào )
Tải tă g V thứ ấp tă g tă g dòng từ hoá I e tă g sai số ủa BI
X m : có giá t ị từ 100-10.000 Ω (có giá t ị lớ ới các BI có tỷ số iế lớ )
Trang 6Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Sai số ủa BI
Sai số góc (angle error)
Sai số ề độ lớ (ratio error)
Sai số tổ g hợp (composite error)
Trang 7Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Trang 8Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Trang 9Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Cầ thiết ới : ảo ệ làm iệ dựa theo
Coi hiều dòng điệ đi từ phía sơ ấp qua
ơle không đổi hiều
9
M à iế àd gàđiệ
Rơle
Trang 10Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
10
Điể đấu sao ề phía đườ g dây Điể đấu sao ề phía thanh góp
Trang 11Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
11
M à iế àd gàđiệ
Trang 12Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Hiệ àtượ gàhởà ạ hàthứà ấpàBI
Trang 13Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Hiệ àtượ gàhởà ạ hàBI
13
M à iế àd gàđiệ
Trang 14Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
ìơ đồ thay thế khi BI ị bão hòa
Dòng đầu vào tă g cao
Dòng đầu ra có dạ g xung họ giá t ị hiệu dụ g ất hỏ
Như ậ : có thể coi là có dòng đầu vào BI hư g không có dòng đầu
ra dòng đầu vào đ khép ạ h qua nhánh từ hóa tươ g đươ g
ới iệ tổ g t ở nhánh từ hóa giả ất thấp, coi hư ấp ỉ ằ g 0
Trang 15Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Hiệ àtượ gàhởà ạ hàBI
15
Rơle,à
đồ gàhồà đo
Rơle,à
đồ gàhồà đo
M à iế àd gàđiệ
Trang 16Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Tải danh đị h & Cấp chính xác
nhau.
thuộ vào loại tải.
Yêu ầu chính xác trong hế độ tải bình thườ g hoặ đị h ứ
Phạ vi hoạt độ g chính xác trong khoả g 5÷120% ủa dòng điệ
Độ chính xác thườ g là: 0.2 hoặ 0.5 ới huẩ IEC
Hoặ 0.15 hoặ 0.3 hoặ 0.6 ới huẩ IEEE.
16
Trang 17Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
17
Hạ g ụ so sánh BI dùng hoàđoàlườ g BI dùng hoà ảoàvệà ơle
Lõi từ Bão hòa nhanh để ảo ệ các dụ g
ụ đo khi sự ố, dòng điệ tă g cao (bão hòa trong khoả g 5÷20 lầ I đ )
Điệ áp bão hòa cao hơ (V K )
(khó ị bão hòa)
Độ chính xác Độ chính xác cao
àhoặ à à ớià huẩ àIEC
àhoặ à àhoặ à à ớià huẩ àIEEE
Trang 18Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
BIà hoà ảoà ệà ơle
Trang 19Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Trang 20Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Trang 21Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
21
Trang 22Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Trang 23Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Bảoà ệàsoàlệ hàtha hàg p
C à ấtà hiềuàBI
C àBIàphảià à gàđặ àt hàl à iệ àđểàgiả àd gàkh gà à ằ g
D gàđị hà ứ
Tỷàsốà iế
Điệ à pàđiể àgậpàV K
D gàđiệ àk hàtừàứ gà ớiàđiệ à pàđiể àgập
Điệ àt ởàlớ à hấtà hoàph pàph aà ạ hà hịàthứ
23
Trang 24Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
àhoặ à à uộ àthứà ấpàà- Mụ àđ hàđoàlườ g
àtớià à uộ àthứà ấpà- Ứ gàdụ gà ảoà ệà ơle.
24
M à iế àd gàđiệ
Cuộ àsơà ấp
C à uộ àthứà ấp
Trang 25Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Thiết kế BI phổ iế
25
M à iế àd gàđiệ
Trang 26Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
BI loại thùng hứa bên dưới (Dead tank)
T ọ g tâm thấp, ổ đị h ề ặt ơ khí
Có thể hế tạo ới lõi từ loại to mà không
gây quá tải ề ặt ơ khí đối ới sứ cách điệ
Dây sơ ấp có hiều dài lớ nên gây phát
nóng hiều hơ hạ hế ề dòng ổ
đị h hiệt (lớ hất 63kA/1 giây)
26
M à iế àd gàđiệ
Trang 27Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
BI loại thùng hứa bên trên (Live tank)
Dây dẫ sơ ấp gắ , giả phát hiệt
Có dòng đị h ứ và dòng ổ đị h hiệt
cao hơ
T ọ g tâm cao hơ , kém ổ đị h ề ặt ơ
khí so ới loại thùng hứa dưới (dead tank)
Khi hế tạo ới lõi từ lớ có thể gây tải
t ọ g lớ ề ặt ơ khí đối ới sứ cách điệ
Trang 28Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Biế dòng chân sứ (Bushing CTs)
28
Trang 29Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Dòng điệ hạ qua trung tính máy iế áp: I A +I B +I C = 3I 0
Sai số phép đo hỉ do ột BI gây ra:
Trang 30Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Do sử dụ g 3 BI riêng iệt nên sẽ có sai số giữa các BI
Ở hế độ bình thườ g, phía sơ ấp là đối ứ g: luôn có dòng điệ hạ qua ơle do sai số ủa BI
Vẽà tàgọ
I a +I b +I c =3I 0
Trang 31Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Biế àd gà à ộtàl iàtừàh hà u ế
Cuộ àd àđượ àph à ốàđềuàt àl i
D àdẫ àsơà ấpà hạ à u à uaàl iàtừà đườ gàk hàt o gà ÷25 cm)
31
Đấu sai Đấu đ g
Trang 32Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Trang 33Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Ngượ lại - đấu sai : dây ối đất ỏ cáp không hạ xuyên qua lõi từ
Dòng điệ hạ qua ỏ cáp có thể t iệt tiêu dòng điệ sự ố (hoàn toàn hoặ ột phầ ): ơle có thể không hậ đượ thông tin sự ố.
Trang 34Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Doà hỉàsửàdụ gà ộtàl iàtừà saiàsốàđoàlườ gà ấtà hỏ
“ửàdụ gà hoà à ạ gàđiệ à àd gà hạ àđấtà hỏà ạ gàđiệ à àt u gàt hà
hàđiệ àhoặ à ốiàđấtà uaà uộ àdậpàhồà ua g
Doà ảà àphaà hạ à uaàl iàtừà đườ gàk hàl iàtừàlớ à k hàthướ àBIàlớ à
th hàhợpàđểàt a gà ịà ớiàđườ gà pàhoặ àđầuà ự à àph tàđiệ
34
Trang 35Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
35
Ứ g dụ g dân dụ g ủa BI thứ tự không
N tà ấ àthửà ghiệ Điệ àt ởà ạ hàthửà ghiệ Cuộ àd à ạ hàthửà ghiệ
Tải VD:B hà gàlạ h “ựà ốà hạ à ỏ hạ àđất
Cuộ àlấ àt àhiệuàd gà
hạ àđấtà d gàsoàlệ h Cuộ àh tà ủaàápto at Nguồ à ấp
Trang 36Chươ gà
36
Nguyên lý hoạt động – Qui ước cực tính
Sơ đồ thay thế - Sai số của máy biến điện áp
BU kiểu tụ phân áp – Ưu, nhược điểm
Phương thức đo lường thành phần dòng điện thứ tự không
Trang 37Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Trang 38Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
BUà go iàt ờiàthườ gàsửàdụ gàđiệ à pàpha:
Điệ à pàda hàđị hà ủaà uộ àsơà ấpàl ààđiệ à pàda hàđị hà ủaàlướiàđiệ
Ứ gàdụ gàđoàlườ g:àphạ à iàđiệ à pàl à iệ :à ÷120%
Ứ gàdụ gà ảoà ệà ơle:ààtừàà à÷ àhoặ à àlầ àđiệ à pàda hàđị h.
38
M à iế àđiệ à pà BU
Trang 39Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
BUàkiểuàtụà phân áp
BUàloạià ả àứ gàđiệ àtừàth gàthườ g
Lựaà họ àki hàtếà hấtàđốià ớià ấpàđiệ à pàtớià kV
BUàkiểuàtụàph à pà CVTà– Coupled Voltage Transformer)
Lựaà họ àkhiàd gàởà ấpà aoà p
Thườ gàđượ àsửàdụ gàkếtàhợpà ớiàhệàthố gàth gàti àtảià aàPLCà
Trang 40Nguyen Xuan Tung – Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Copyright of Nguyen Xuan Tung Department of Electric Power System – Hanoi University of Science and Technology
Do not copy or distribute without permission of the author
Cấuàt àBUàkiểuàtụà phân áp