Page 1 of 13 Đề thi gồm 13 trang KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ LẦN THỨ XIII, NĂM 2022 ĐỀ THI MÔN TIẾNG ANH LỚP 10 Thời gian 180 phút (Không kể. BỘ ĐỀ THI KỲ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ MÔN TIẾNG ANH KHỐI 10 LẦN THỨ XIII NĂM 2022
Trang 1Đề thi gồm 13 trang
KỲ THI CHỌN HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN
KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ
LẦN THỨ XIII, NĂM 2022
ĐỀ THI MÔN: TIẾNG ANH - LỚP 10
Thời gian: 180 phút (Không kể thời gian giao đề)
Ngày thi: 14/7/2022
SECTION A: LISTENING (50 points)
HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU
• Bài nghe gồm 4 phần; mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mỗi lần cách nhau 05 giây;
mở đầu và kết thúc mỗi phần nghe có tín hiệu Thí sinh có 20 giây để đọc mỗi phần câu hỏi.
• Mở đầu và kết thúc bài nghe có tín hiệu nhạc Thí sinh có 03 phút để hoàn chỉnh
bài trước tín hiệu nhạc kết thúc bài nghe.
• Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe
Part 1 You will listen to a short conversation about a lost property For questions 1-5, complete the form below by writing NO MORE THAN ONE WORD OR A NUMBER for each answer Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (10 points)
PAN ASIAN AIRWAYS
LOST PROPERTY REPORT FORM
First name (1)
Surname Allen Address 48 Windham Road Richmond
Trang 2Part 2 You will listen to a recording about scientific research on human hearts For questions 6-10, decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (10 points)
6 According to a member of the research team, it is impossible for the human body to
replace heart cells
7 The robotic fish built by the team is to help pump blood inside the human body
8 In a 2016’s project, the research team generated human heart cells that required no external control using stem cell technology
9 Heart tissues developed in laboratories are years away from being used in heart drug tests
10 The robot created in Ritu Raman’s laboratory can make a full recovery from damage
Part 3 You will listen to an interview in which two journalists called Jenny Langdon and Peter Sharples are talking about their work For questions 11-15, choose the answers which fit best according to what you hear Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (10 points)
11 What does Jenny say about the story which made her name?
A She’d been on the lookout for just such a lucky break
B She resented colleagues trying to take the credit for it
C She wasn’t actually responsible for the finished article
D She asked for a more prestigious job on the strength of it
12 What does Jenny suggest about the editor she worked for on her first national daily newspaper?
A He respected her for standing up to him
B He tended to blame her for things unfairly
C He wasn’t as unreasonable as everyone says
D He taught her the value of constructive criticism
13 When Jenny got her own daily column on the newspaper, she felt
A satisfied that the good work she’d done elsewhere had been recognized
B relieved that it was only likely to be a short-term appointment
C determined to prove exactly what she was capable of
D unsure of her ability to make a success of it
14 Peter thinks he got a job on Carp Magazine thanks to
A his academic achievements at college
B his practical knowledge of everyday journalism
C his familiarity with the interests of its main target audience
D his understanding of how best to present himself at interview
Trang 315 Peter and Jenny agree that courses in journalism
A need to be supplemented by first-hand experience
B are attractive because they lead to paid employment
C are of little value compared to working on a student newspaper
D provide an opportunity for writers to address contentious issues
Part 4 You will listen to a recording about chess For questions 16-25, complete the summary by writing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS in each gap Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (20 points)
16 Over its 1500 years in existence, chess has gained a reputation as a tool of military strategy, a yardstick of genius, and a metaphor for
17 Chess was created with a dual feature: moving rules varying between different pieces, and the of the king piece determining the outcome
18 Following its introduction to the Arab world, chess no longer played its mere part as but added to itself an abundance source of poetic imagery
19 A historian claimed that chess served as proof of compared to games of chance
20 A number of emerged as chess was spread to East and Southeast Asia
21 By 1000 A.D, chess was used as for different social classes performing their proper roles
22 Frowned upon by the Church and moralists, chess still developed rapidly,
into its modern version in the 15th century
23 Chess theory was created thanks to the popularisation of the game rules, as well as the appearance of analysing common openings and endgames
24 Formal competitive chess emerged in the 19th century, meaning the dramatic flair of the
past was replaced by
25 As chess possessed a(n) , it was the Soviet Union that
dominated international competitions
SECTION B: LEXICO- GRAMMAR (40 points)
Part 1 For questions 26-45, choose the best option A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences and write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (20 points)
26 Whenever Peter watched detective films, his imagination ran
A raging B furious C unchecked D riot
Trang 427 The community should consider the doctor’s advice since he is in earnest about the epidemic
28 He went to great lengths to the details of the intricate plans to his co-workers
A take in B spell out C stand up D measure out
29 Advertisers need to know where to the line when young children are concerned
30 David still had fat in his cheeks as he entered adolescence, which made him appear much younger than he really was
31 The residents are blowing over this issue It’s impossible to know what they really want
A dry and wet B hot and cold C warm and cool D light and heavy
32 “I have a reservation for a of six The name’s Jones.” - “I’ll show you to your table.”
33 Thanks to the new infrastructure, the run-down areas in this city have
A come up in the world B made a world of difference
C done the world of good D had the world of their feet
34 The year 2020 was a in my sister’ life - she changed her career and got married
A beefeater B touchstone C watershed D loudmouth
35 When the leader broke the news to Mark, he was devastated
A utterly B extremely C deeply D immensely
36 I with the performances but I got flu the day before
37 His statement about no truth in the allegations was difficult to believe
A there had been B there was C there having D there being
38 I don't suppose you're telling us the real version of the fairy tale, ?
39 It could be argued that the most significant virtue of a popular democracy is not the right
to participate in the selection of leaders, our importance in the scheme of things
A but rather that it affirms B but rather is the affirmation of
C but rather its affirmation in terms of D but instead of that, it’s affirming
40 Unsalted butter is best for this recipe, but , margarine will do
A except that B for all of which C failing that D given that
Trang 541 If you are with your goods, contact us within five days of receipt, we will arrange collection and refund your money in full
A not completely satisfied B not satisfying completely
C not completely satisfactory D not satisfied completely
42 The endless parade of on TV has made today’s young girls obsessed with their bodies
A celebrities enhancing surgically B surgically enhanced celebrities
C surgical celebrities enhanced D enhanced surgically celebrities
43 You can’t hire a rock band and as a party at your grandmother’s house, it’s simply out of the question
A to holding B to hold C you hold D for you to hold
44 It is believed that during the day tigers usually lie , in the long grass
A rested – hidden B rested – hiding C resting – hidden D resting – hide
45 Regulations stipulate that any wetland drained or filled in in kind to ensure they are not lost
A replaces B being replaced C to be replaced D be replaced
Part 2 For questions 46-55, fill each gap with the correct form of the words in brackets
Write your answer in the boxes provided on the answer sheet (10 points)
46 The (MACHINE) in agriculture is essential if we want to produce more food
47 Poor health has (CAPACITY) him from working all his life
48 Books can now be read on iPhones, and many (OPPORTUNITY) young
writers are using their cell phone keypads to write the best-selling short novels
49 Now that this has been fully understood, the industry is (LATE) fighting online
for the loyalty of fans, but it may already be a lost cause
50 The science fair is an annual event of this school and is regarded as a (n)
51 The boy made a (FOOL) attempt to climb the tree to recover his kite
52 The government announced that more than a million dollars would be (EAR)
53 The peace talks have ended (CONCLUDE) with neither side prepared to give
54 The demise of the industry has caused (TELL) misery to thousands of
hardworking tradesmen
55 Scented oils can act as a (STRESS) or antidepressant if inhaled or massaged
Part 3 For questions 56-65, complete each of the following sentences with suitable preposition(s) Write your answer in the boxes provided on the answer sheet (10 points)
Trang 656 Mr Smith was an inspirational politician, who put his ideas with clarity
57 Tradition has been carried into our time in many ways
58 Before the ship could move , the crew had to wait for a late passenger
59 How did you come these tickets? I've been trying to get some for ages
60 The professor drew the lecture to nearly two hours and a half although it was only supposed to last an hour
61 Jean has been beavering to ensure the success of the festival
62 I’m trying to arrange an interview with the editor but it’s difficult to pin him to
an exact time
63 Laura’s father has made all his property to her as she is his only child
64 This type of plant is indigenous this area and it can’t be found in other parts of the country
65 You shouldn’t have talked on him like that You are not his boss
SECTION C: READING (60 points)
Part 1 For questions 66-75, read the following passage and decide which option (A, B, C,
or D) best fits each gap Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet (15 points)
People's personalities vary considerably from one another, as there are no two alike
Our ingrained characteristics which (66) the patterns of our behaviour, our reactions and temperaments are unparalleled on (67) of the diversified processes that mould our personality in the earliest (68) of human development
Some (69) of character may to some extent be hereditary simulating the attributes that (70) our parents Others may (71) from the conditions experienced during pregnancy and infancy in this way reflecting the parents' approach towards (72) their offspring
Consequently, the environmental factor plays a crucial role in strengthening or eliminating certain behavioural systems making an individual more prone to (73) to the patterns that deserve a prize
Undoubtedly, human personality (74) the most profound and irreversible formation during the first period of its development, yet, certain characteristics may still be (75) to considerable changes conditioned by different circumstances and situations
66 A denote B resolve C inflict D determine
68 A stages B areas C fields D sections
69 A factors B traits C items D breeds
70 A pertain B recognize C associate D identify
Trang 771 A stem B relate C rise D formulate
72 A breeding B rearing C growing D yielding
73 A comfort B pledge C acquiesce D obey
74 A underacts B undertakes C undergoes D underlies
75 A practicable B feasible C subject D potential
Part 2 For questions 76-85, fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word and write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet (15 points)
The psychology of retailing has come to rely on highly sophisticated techniques
Over and (76) the design of the shops and the packaging of the merchandise, clever positioning of goods also ensures that the natural flow of people takes them to each and (77)
section in a shop Customers are led gently, but at the same time with deadly accuracy, towards the merchandise in (78) a way as to maximise sales
Manufacturers compete for the right to have their products (79) at the most effective level In supermarkets, there is a crucial section in the tiers of vertical shelving (80) between waist height and eye level, where we are most likely to take note of a brand In the old days, when we went into a shop, we made our way up to the counter, behind (81) would be the shopkeeper and virtually all of the merchandise, and were served with what we wanted Those days are (82) _ and truly over
Today, we are used to serving (83) in supermarkets; products are laid before us
as enticingly as possible, and impulse purchases are encouraged (84) a major part of the exercise As a result of this, we, as shoppers, have to keep our (85) about us to resist the retailers’ ploys
Part 3 For questions 86-95, read the following passage and circle the best answer to each
of the following questions Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (15 points)
Feeding habits of East African herbivores
Buffalo, zebras, wildebeests, topi, and Thomson's gazelles live in huge groups that together make up some 90 percent of the total weight of mammals living on the Serengeti Plain of East Africa They are all herbivores (plant-eating animals), and they all appear to be living on the same diet of grasses, herbs, and small bushes This appearance, however, is
illusory When biologist Richard Bell and his colleagues analyzed the stomach contents of
four of the five species (they did not study buffalo), they found that each species was living
on a different part of the vegetation The different vegetational parts differ in their food qualities: lower down, there are succulent, nutritious leaves; higher up are the harder stems
Trang 8There are also sparsely distributed, highly nutritious fruits, and Bell found that only the Thomson's gazelles eat much of these The other three species differ in the proportion of lower leaves and higher stems that they eat: zebras eat the most stem matter, wildebeests eat the most leaves, and topi are intermediate
How are we to understand their different feeding preferences? The answer lies in two
associated differences among the species, in their digestive systems and body sizes
According to their digestive systems, these herbivores can be divided into two categories:
the nonruminants (such as the zebra, which has a digestive system like a horse) and the ruminants (such as the wildebeest, topi, and gazelle, which are like the cow) Nonruminants cannot extract much energy from the hard parts of a plant; however, this is more than made
up for by the fast speed at which food passes through their guts Thus, when there is only a short supply of poor-quality food, the wildebeest, topi, and gazelle enjoy an advantage
They are ruminant and have a special structure (the rumen) in their stomachs, which contains microorganisms that can break down the hard parts of plants Food passes only slowly through the ruminant's gut because ruminating-digesting the hard parts-takes time
The ruminant continually regurgitates food from its stomach back to its mouth to chew it up further (that is what a cow is doing when "chewing cud") Only when it had been chewed up and digested almost to a liquid can the food pass through the rumen and on through the gut
Larger particles cannot pass through until they have been chewed down to size Therefore, when food is in short supply, a ruminant can last longer than a non-ruminant because it can derive more energy out of the same food The difference can partially explain the eating habits of the Serengeti herbivores The zebra chooses areas where there is more low-quality food It migrates first to unexploited areas and chomps the abundant low-quality stems before moving on It is a fast-in/fast-out feeder, relying on a high output of incompletely digested food By the time the wildebeests (and other ruminants) arrive, the grazing and trampling of the zebras will have worn the vegetation down As the ruminants then set to work, they eat down to the lower, leafier parts of the vegetation All of this fits in with the differences in stomach contents with which we began
The other part of the explanation is body size Larger animals require more food than smaller animals, but smaller animals have a higher metabolic rate Smaller animals can therefore live where there is less food, provided that such food is of high energy content
That is why the smallest of the herbivores, Thomson's gazelle, lives on fruit that is very nutritious but too thin on the ground to support a larger animal By contrast, the large zebra lives on the masses of low-quality stem material
The differences in feeding preferences lead, in turn, to differences in migratory habits The wildebeests follow, in their migration, the pattern of local rainfall The other species do likewise However, when a new area is fueled by rain, the mammals migrate
Trang 9toward it in a set order to exploit it The larger, less fastidious feeders, the zebras, move in
first; the choosier, smaller wildebeests come later; and the smallest species of all, Thomson's gazelle, arrives last The later species all depend on the preparations of the earlier one, for the actions of the zebra alter the vegetation to suit the stomachs of the wildebeest, topi, and gazelle
86 The word “illusory” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
A definite B illuminating C misleading D exceptional
87 Which of the following questions about Richard Bell's research is NOT answered in paragraph 1?
A Which of the herbivores studied is the only one to eat much fruit?
B Which part of the plants do wildebeests prefer to eat?
C Where did the study of herbivores' eating habits take place?
D Why were buffalo excluded from the research study?
88 The word "associated" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
A obvious B significant C expected D connected
89 The author mentions the cow and the horse in paragraph 2 in order to
A distinguish the functioning of their digestive systems from those of East African mammals
B emphasize that their relatively large body size leads them to have feeding practices
similar to those of East African mammals
C illustrate differences between ruminants and nonruminants through the use of
animals likely to be familiar to most readers
D emphasize similarities between the diets of cows and horses and the diets of East
African mammals
90 According to paragraph 2, which of the following herbivores has to eat large quantities
of plant stems because it gains relatively little energy from each given quantity of this food?
A The gazelle B The wildebeest C The zebra D The topi
91 Paragraph 2 suggests that which of the following is one of the most important factors in determining differences in feeding preferences of East African herbivores?
A The availability of certain foods
B The differences in stomach structure
C The physical nature of vegetation in the environment
D The ability to migrate when food supplies are low
92 According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true of East African gazelles EXCEPT
A they digest their food very quickly
B microorganisms help them digest their food
C they are unable to digest large food particles unless these are chewed down considerably
Trang 10D they survive well even if food supplies are not abundant
93 The word "fastidious" in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to
A rapid B determined C flexible D demanding
94 According to paragraph 4, which of the following mammals exhibits a feeding behavior that is beneficial to the other herbivores that share the same habitat?
95 According to the passage, which of the following is true of wildebeests?
A They eat more stem matter than zebras do
B They are able to digest large food particles if the food is of a high quality
C They tend to choose feeding areas in which the vegetation has been worn down
D They are likely to choose low-quality food to eat in periods when the quantity of rainfall is low
Part 4 For questions 96-105, read the passage and do the following tasks Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet (15 points)
WHY COMPANIES SHOULD WELCOME DISORDER
A Organisation is big business Whether it is of our lives - all those inboxes and calendars -
or how companies are structured, a multi-billion-dollar industry helps to meet this need We have more strategies for time management, project management and self-organisation than
at any other time in human history We are told that we ought to organise our company, our home life, our week, our day and even our sleep, all as a means to becoming more productive Every week, countless seminars and workshops take place around the world to tell a paying public that they ought to structure their lives in order to achieve this This rhetoric has also crept into the thinking of business leaders and entrepreneurs, much to the delight of self-proclaimed perfectionists with the need to get everything right The number
of business schools and graduates has massively increased over the past 50 years, essentially teaching people how to organise well
B Ironically, however, the number of businesses that fail has also steadily increased
Work-related stress has increased A large proportion of workers from all demographics claim to
be dissatisfied with the way their work is structured and the way they are managed This begs the question: what has gone wrong? Why is it that on paper the drive for organisation seems a sure shot for increasing productivity, but in reality falls well short of what is expected?
C This has been a problem for a while now Frederick Taylor was one of the forefathers of
scientific management Writing in the first half of the 20th century, he designed a number of principles to improve the efficiency of the work process, which have since become widespread in modern companies So the approach has been around for a while
Trang 11D New research suggests that this obsession with efficiency is misguided The problem is
not necessarily the management theories or strategies we use to organise our work; it’s the basic assumptions we hold in approaching how we work Here it’s the assumption that order
is a necessary condition for productivity This assumption has also fostered the idea that disorder must be detrimental to organisational productivity The result is that businesses and people spend time and money organising themselves for the sake of organising, rather than actually looking at the end goal and usefulness of such an effort
E What’s more, recent studies show that order actually has diminishing returns Order does
increase productivity to a certain extent, but eventually the usefulness of the process of organisation, and the benefit it yields, reduce until the point where any further increase in order reduces productivity Some argue that in a business, if the cost of formally structuring something outweighs the benefit of doing it, then that thing ought not to be formally structured Instead, the resources involved can be better used elsewhere
F In fact, research shows that, when innovating, the best approach is to create an
environment devoid of structure and hierarchy and enable everyone involved to engage as one organic group These environments can lead to new solutions that, under conventionally structured environments (filled with bottlenecks in terms of information flow, power structures, rules, and routines) would never be reached
G In recent times companies have slowly started to embrace this disorganisation Many of
them embrace it in terms of perception (embracing the idea of disorder, as opposed to fearing it) and in terms of process (putting mechanisms in place to reduce structure) For example, Oticon, a large Danish manufacturer of hearing aids, used what it called a
‘spaghetti’ structure in order to reduce the organisation’s rigid hierarchies This involved scrapping formal job titles and giving staff huge amounts of ownership over their own time and projects This approach proved to be highly successful initially, with clear improvements in worker productivity in all facets of the business In similar fashion, the former chairman of General Electric embraced disorganisation, putting forward the idea of the ‘boundaryless’ organisation Again, it involves breaking down the barriers between different parts of a company and encouraging virtual collaboration and flexible working
Google and a number of other tech companies have embraced (at least in part) these kinds
of flexible structures, facilitated by technology and strong company values which glue people together
H A word of warning to others thinking of jumping on this bandwagon: the evidence so far
suggests disorder, much like order, also seems to have diminishing utility, and can also have detrimental effects on performance if overused Like order, disorder should be embraced only so far as it is useful But we should not fear it - nor venerate one over the other This
Trang 12research also shows that we should continually question whether or not our existing assumptions work
Questions 96-102
The Reading Passage has eight sections, A-H Choose the correct heading for each section
from the list of headings below
List of Headings
i Complaints about the impact of a certain approach
ii Fundamental beliefs that are in fact incorrect iii Early recommendations concerning business activities
iv Organisations that put a new approach into practice
v Companies that have suffered from changing their approach
vi What people are increasingly expected to do vii How to achieve outcomes that are currently impossible viii Neither approach guarantees continuous improvement
ix Evidence that a certain approach can have more disadvantages than advantages
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
103 Both businesses and people aim at order without really considering its value
104 Innovation is most successful if the people involved have distinct roles
105 Google was inspired to adopt flexibility by the success of General Electric
Trang 13D WRITING (50 points)
Part 1 (20 points) The bar chart below shows the popularity of well-known Instagram accounts in 2018 and
2021
Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant You should write about 150 words on the answer sheet provided
Part 2 (30 points)
Some people say that in today’s world, subjects like Science and Technology are more important than History To what extent do you agree with the statement? Elaborate on your answer
- HẾT -
(Thí sinh không được sử dụng tài liệu Cán bộ coi thi không giải thích gì thêm.)
Họ và tên thí sinh: Số báo danh:
Trang 14KỲ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI CÁC TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN KHU VỰC DUYÊN HẢI VÀ ĐỒNG BẰNG BẮC BỘ
(NGUỒN: Chuyên Lê Quý Đôn – Điện Biên)
1 Kirsty 2 RI6GH7 3 02089277651 4 PA365 5 E6
Part 2 You will listen to a recording about scientific research on human hearts For questions 6-10, decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F) Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet
(10 points – 2 points/a correct answer) (NGUỒN: Chuyên Thái Bình)
Part 3 You will listen to an interview in which two journalists called Jenny Langdon and Peter Sharples are talking about their work For questions 11-15, choose the answers which fit best according to what you hear Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (10 points – 2 points/a correct answer)
(NGUỒN: Chuyên Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm – Quảng Nam)
Part 4 You will listen to a recording about chess For questions 16-25, complete the summary by writing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS in each gap Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet
(20 points – 2 points/a correct answer) (NGUỒN: Chu Văn An – Hà Nội)
16 human affairs 21 an allegory
Trang 15Page 2 of 11
18 a tactical simulation 23 treatises
19 human free will 24 strategic calculation
20 local variants 25 new geopolitical importance
B LEXICO – GRAMMAR (40 points)
Part 1 For questions 26-45, choose the best option A, B, C, or D to complete the following sentences and write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (20 points – 1 point/a correct answer)
26 D 27 C 28 B 29 B 30 C 31 B 32 C 33 A 34 C 35 A
36 D 37 D 38 B 39 B 40.C 41 A 42 B 43 A 44 C 45 D
26 Chuyên Lê Quý Đôn – Quảng Trị
27 Chuyên Hưng Yên
28 Chuyên Bắc Ninh
29 Chuyên Hoàng Văn Thụ - Hòa Bình
30 Chuyên Biên Hòa – Hà Nam
31 Chuyên Lam Sơn – Thanh Hóa
32 Chuyên Nguyễn Trãi – Hải Dương
33 Chuyên Lê Khiết – Quảng Ngãi
34 Chuyên Lào Cai
35 Chuyên Hùng Vương – Bình Dương
36 Chuyên Lương Văn Tụy – Ninh Bình
37 Chuyên Ngoại Ngữ - Hà Nội
38 Chuyên Sơn La
39 Chuyên Lê Thánh Tông – Quảng Nam
40 Chuyên Huỳnh Mẫn Đạt – Kiên Giang
41 Chuyên Chu Văn An – Bình Dương
42 Chuyên Lê Hồng Phong – Nam Định
43 Chuyên Vĩnh Phúc
44 Chuyên Bảo Lộc – Lâm Đồng
45 Chuyên Lê Quý Đôn – Quảng Trị
Trang 16Part 2 For questions 46-55, fill each gap with the correct form of the words in brackets
Write your answer in the boxes provided on the answer sheet
(10 points – 1 point/a correct answer)
47 Chuyên Lam Sơn – Thanh Hóa
48 Chuyên Hoàng Văn Thụ - Hòa Bình
49 Chuyên Hạ Long – Quảng Ninh
50 Chuyên Lê Khiết – Quảng Ngãi
51 Chuyên Bảo Lộc – Lâm Đồng
52 Chuyên Bắc Giang
53 Chuyên Lê Quý Đôn – Đà Nẵng
54 Chuyên Ngoại Ngữ - Hà Nội
55 Chuyên Lào Cai
Part 3 For questions 56-65, complete each of the following sentences with suitable preposition(s) Write your answer in the boxes provided on the answer sheet
(10 points – 1 point/a correct answer)
56 Chuyên Hưng Yên
57 Chuyên Nguyễn Trãi – Hải Dương
58 Chuyên Lương Văn Tụy – Ninh Bình
59 Chuyên Bắc Ninh
60 Chuyên Lê Thánh Tông – Quảng Nam
Trang 17Page 4 of 11
61 Chuyên Lê Hồng Phong – Nam Định
62 Chuyên Huỳnh Mẫn Đạt – Kiên Giang
63 Chuyên Chu Văn An – Bình Dương
64 Chuyên Lê Quý Đôn – Quảng Trị
65 Chuyên Lê Quý Đôn – Điện Biên
C READING (60 points)
Part 1 For questions 66-75, read the following passage and decide which option (A, B, C, or D) best fits each gap Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet (15 points – 1.5 points/a correct answer)
(NGUỒN: Chuyên Nguyễn Tất Thành – Yên Bái)
Part 2 For questions 76-85, fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word and write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes on the answer sheet
(15 points – 1.5 points/a correct answer) (NGUỒN: Chuyên Hùng Vương – Phú Thọ)
76 above 77 every 78 such 79 displayed 80 somewhere
Part 3 For questions 86-95, read the following passage and circle the best answer to each of the following questions Write your answers in corresponding numbered boxes provided on the answer sheet (15 points – 1.5 points/a correct answer) (NGUỒN: Chuyên Thái Nguyên)
Trang 18D WRITING (60 points)
Part 1: 20 points (NGUỒN: Chuyên Tuyên Quang)
Contents (10 points)
The report MUST cover the following points:
- Introduce the charts (2 points) and state the overall trends and striking features (2 points)
- Describe main features with relevant data from the charts and make relevant comparisons (6 points)
Language use (10 points)
The report:
- should demonstrate a wide variety of lexical and grammatical structures
- should have correct use of words (verb tenses, word forms, voice ) and mechanics (spelling, punctuations,)
Part 2: (30 points) (NGUỒN: Chuyên Hoàng Lê Kha – Tây Ninh)
The mark given to part 3 is based on the following criteria:
1 Organization (5 points)
a Ideas are well organized and presented with coherence, cohesion and unity
b The essay is well-structured:
* Introduction is presented with clear thesis statement
* Body paragraph are written with unity, coherence and cohesion
Each body paragraph must have a topic sentence and supporting details and examples when necessary
* Conclusion summarizes the main points and offers personal opinions (prediction, recommendation, consideration ) on the issue
2 Content (15 points)
a All requirements of the task are sufficiently addressed
b Ideas are adequately supported and elaborated with relevant and reliable explanations, examples, evidence
3 Language use (10 points)
a Demonstration of a variety of topic-related vocabulary
b Excellent use and control of grammatical structures (verb tenses, word forms, voice ) and mechanics (spelling, punctuations )
Trang 19Page 6 of 11
Tapescripts
Part 1 (NGUỒN: Chuyên Lê Quý Đôn – Điện Biên)
Man Pan Asian Airways John speaking Can I help you?
Wom Yes please I left something on one of your planes last night I got this number from the operator Is this the right number to call?
M: Yes, madam This is the right number I just need you to tell me your name to start with so I can fill out a lost property form
W: Kirsty Allen That’s K-I-R-S-T-Y A-L-L-E-N
M: Right I’ve got that Now what happened last night?
W: Well, I was on a flight last night from New York to London that landed at 12.30am We were delayed a while in New York so that when we eventually landed, I was so tired that I accidentally left my handbag on the plane
M: Did you report this to anyone last night? W No, I’m afraid not I didn’t notice until I got home and then it was really too late to phone
M: Very well madam Let me take a few details for this form and I’ll see what I can do OK, so the name was Kirsty Allen And what’s the address please?
W: 48 Windham Road, Richmond
M: The postcode?
W: RI6 GH7
M: Good I’ve got that Now, your telephone number?
W: Well, my home number is 020 8927 7651 and my mobile is 07754 897 432
M: I’m sorry I didn’t catch the second one What was the mobile again?
W: 0 double 7 54 897 432
M: Thanks Now, do you know the flight number of the plane that you were on last night?
W: Oh yes, hang on a second I’ve got my boarding pass stub right here Err; the flight number was PA 356 No, I’m sorry, PA365 That’s it: 365
M: And does the boarding card stub say what seat you had?
W: Oh yes It was E6
M: And you said that it was New York to London Heathrow Is that right?
W: Yes, that’s right
Part 2: (NGUỒN: Chuyên Thái Bình)
Scientists have built a robotic fish powered by human heart cells NPR's Jon Hamilton reports that this feat is part of an effort to help people with failing hearts
Trang 20JON HAMILTON, BYLINE: The tiny fish are built from paper, plastic, gelatin and two strips
of living heart muscle cells Sung-Jin Park of Emory University and Georgia Tech was part of the team that made them He says they tested some early models Then they put the rest in an incubator for a couple of weeks
SUNG-JIN PARK: We opened up the incubator We can see that all of the fish is swimming by themselves
HAMILTON: The fish kept swimming for more than three months And Park says the team felt sad when it came time to sacrifice their robots
PARK: We feel like - I don't know - it's - we have this - kind of the emotional attachments to the fish
HAMILTON: The experiment isn't really about fish, though It's about finding a way to repair
or replace a damaged human heart Kit Parker of Harvard, another member of the team, says that's important because the body can't replace heart cells
KIT PARKER: Once you're born, about two days after you leave the womb, the number of cardiac muscle cells you have then is all you're going to have for the rest of your life
HAMILTON: Which is a problem if some of those cells get wiped out by a heart attack or inflammation - so why build a fish to test heart muscle? Parker says it's because a fish is really
a kind of pump But instead of pumping blood through the body, it pumps itself through water
PARKER: I really believe that there's a common design scheme, there's some fundamental laws
of muscular pumps that are conserved from marine life forms to the human heart
HAMILTON: In 2016, Parker's lab built a stingray using rodent heart cells controlled by light
This time, the team relied on stem cell technology to produce human heart cells that don't need any external control One strip of muscle is attached to the right side of the fish, the other to the left, and Parker says the strips take turns pulling the robot's tail from side to side
PARKER: And once that cycle starts, one side contracts The other side is getting stretched
And then that cycle goes back and forth And these things just start motoring
HAMILTON: Parker says signals produced by muscles stretching perpetuate the swimming motion
PARKER: The really interesting thing about these fish which we weren't expecting is how long they would swim and how fast they would swim in the dish
HAMILTON: Heart cells constantly rebuild themselves about every 20 days, and Parker says these fish swam for more than 100 days
PARKER: That means that each cell in there has rebuilt itself about five times
Trang 21Page 8 of 11
HAMILTON: Lab-grown heart tissue is still years away from use in patients For now though, this sort of model system could help researchers test heart drugs, says Ritu Raman, a mechanical engineer at MIT
RITU RAMAN: You really need to know, how is something built in the native context, and how can we recreate that in the lab as closely as possible?
HAMILTON: Raman's lab has made robots powered by skeletal muscle, including one that could recover from an injury
RAMAN: This robot would get damaged, and then we would heal it And after a couple days, it was able to produce the same force and move and walk around just as it had before
HAMILTON: Raman says robots powered by living cells make some people nervous, but they shouldn't
RAMAN: All you're really doing is replacing an engine or a rotor or another piece that you would make in a machine with something that's made out of cells So I would not consider them living beings
HAMILTON: But Raman says as more sophisticated biohybrids come along, her view could change
Jon Hamilton, NPR News
Part 3 (NGUỒN: Chuyên Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm – Quảng Nam)
Int: Today we’re looking at careers in journalism My guests are Jenny Langdon and Peter Sharples, both regular columnists on major publications Jenny, you made your name really young, didn’t you?
F: Relatively, yes I was a raw recruit on the local paper when a scandal broke concerning a celebrity living nearby Out of the blue I found myself with a scoop on my hands Basically, I found the guy, interviewed him, then hid him someplace where reporters on rival papers wouldn’t find him When the story broke next day, the editorial team had actually cobbled the front-page story together from my notes, but it was attributed to me by name Before I knew what was happening, I’d been headhunted by a national daily It was a turning point alright – but I can hardly claim it as a shrewd career move or anything!
Int: And the editor at that national daily was a notoriously bad-tempered individual … F: Well, there’s no denying he deserved that reputation! I mean, having landed a dream job, I was really thrown in at the deep end! My desk was right outside his office, so I was first in the firing line if anything went wrong – even stuff I’d had no hand in! But I knew better than to argue, and was thick-skinned enough not to take it personally Anyway that’s what the paper was like, always on the edge, and I really flourished in that environment
Trang 22Int: Eventually getting your own daily column … F: … and that’s where I really came into my own I mean, I’d done stints on the sports desk, been celebrity correspondent – the works Actually, I only got offered the column as a stop-gap when my predecessor left under a cloud But I was desperate to hold on to it And it came at just the right time – if it’d been earlier, I’d never have had the nerve or the experience to make
it my own
Int: Let’s bring Peter in here You started off on the celebrity magazine called Carp, didn’t you?
M: I did Ostensibly thanks to a speculative letter to the editor when I was still a student
Actually, I’d been doing stuff for a student newspaper all through university Skills I learnt there stood me in good stead When Carp Magazine called me for interview, my approach to college news convinced them I was in touch with reality – you know, budgets, deadlines, all that – that’s what swung it in my favour – it wasn’t just having my finger on the pulse as far as youth culture was concerned – important as that was at Carp
Int: Can I ask you both whether you’d say courses in journalism are worth doing? Jenny?
F: Well, I wanted to write and a journalism course seemed a reasonable enough starting point
Journalism is at least paid up front – unlike some forms of writing, and there’s no denying that was an incentive So, yes, I did one And, you know, if I hadn’t, who knows if I’d have been able to handle the stuff thrown at me when I first arrived at the newspaper – it does give you that grounding But I wouldn’t say it taught me everything I needed Fortunately, a stint on the student newspaper filled in the gaps
M: … as is so often the case They’re often criticised for taking too strong a line on issues, but they’re invaluable because they give you that free rein, and you’re generally writing from the heart rather than for the money I’d say by all means do a course, theorise all you like in the classroom, but just bear in mind that it’s no substitute for getting out there – for developing your own style
Int: Now you’ve both recently published novels – is this a change of direction?
F: People keep asking that I like to think that, much as I rate myself as a journalist and feel I have nothing left to prove, I’m still up for the next thing that comes along I’ll never be a prize-winning novelist, but having a go at it keeps me on my toes It would be easy enough to get stale doing a column like mine, but that does remain my grand passion – I don’t know about you Peter, but I’m hardly thinking of moving on
M: Well, I expect there’s people who’d say we should stand aside to give up-and-coming writers a chance But, no, I’m not I’d go along with the idea of diversification keeping you
Trang 23Page 10 of 11
with the idea that journalism itself holds no further challenge I wish I had your confidence Jenny – I’m always telling myself that I’m only as good as my last piece and there’s no room for complacency
Int: And there we must leave it Thank you both … Coming up now … [fade]
Part 4 (NGUỒN: Chu Văn An – Hà Nội)
Over the roughly one-and-a-half millennia of its existence, chess has been known as a tool of military strategy, a (1) metaphor for human affairs, and a benchmark of genius
While our earliest records of chess are in the 7th century, legend tells that the game’s origins lie
a century earlier Supposedly, when the youngest prince of the Gupta Empire was killed in battle, his brother devised a way of representing the scene to their grieving mother Set on the 8x8 ashtapada board used for other popular pastimes, a new game emerged with two key features: different rules for moving different types of pieces, and a single king piece whose fate determined the outcome
The game was originally known as chaturanga–a Sanskrit word for "four divisions." But with its spread to Sassanid Persia, it acquired its current name and terminology– "chess,"
derived from "shah," meaning king, and “checkmate” from "shah mat," or “the king is helpless.”
After the 7th century Islamic (2) conquest of Persia, chess was introduced to the Arab world Transcending its role as a tactical simulation, it eventually became a rich source of (3) poetic imagery (4) Diplomats and courtiers used chess terms to describe political power
Ruling caliphs became avid players themselves And historian al-Mas’udi considered the game
a testament to human free will compared to games of chance
Medieval trade along the Silk Road carried the game to East and Southeast Asia, where many (5) local variants developed In China, chess pieces were placed at intersections of board squares rather than inside them, as in the native strategy game Go The reign of Mongol leader Tamerlane saw an 11x10 board with safe squares called citadels And in Japanese shogi, captured pieces could be used by the opposing player But it was in Europe that chess began to take on its modern form
By 1000 AD, the game had become part of courtly education Chess was used as (6) an allegory for different social classes performing their proper roles, and the pieces were re-interpreted in their new context At the same time, the Church remained suspicious of games
Moralists cautioned against devoting too much time to them, with chess even being briefly banned in France
Trang 24Yet the game proliferated, and the 15th century saw it (7) cohering into the form we know today The relatively weak piece of advisor was recast as the more powerful queen–
perhaps inspired by the recent surge of strong female leaders This change accelerated the game’s pace, and as other rules were popularized, (8) treatises analyzing common openings and endgames appeared Chess theory was born
With the Enlightenment era, the game moved from royal courts to coffeehouses Chess was now seen as an expression of creativity, encouraging bold moves and dramatic plays This
"Romantic" style reached its peak in the Immortal Game of 1851, where Adolf Anderssen managed a checkmate after sacrificing his queen and both rooks But the emergence of formal competitive play in the late 19th century meant that strategic calculation would eventually trump (9) dramatic flair
And with the rise of international competition, chess took on a new (10) geopolitical importance During the Cold War, the Soviet Union devoted great resources to cultivating chess talent, dominating the championships for the rest of the century
- THE END -
Trang 25Thời gian làm bài: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề)
Điểm bài thi
Bằng số Bằng chữ
• Thí sinh không được sử dụng tài liệu, kể cả từ điển
• Giám thị không giải thích gì thêm
I LISTENING (50 POINTS)
HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU
• Bài nghe gồm 4 phần; mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mỗi lần cách nhau 05 giây; mở đầu
và kết thúc mỗi phần nghe có tín hiệu Thí sinh có 20 giây để đọc mỗi phần câu hỏi.
• Mở đầu và kết thúc bài nghe có tín hiệu nhạc
• Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe
Part 1 For questions 1-5, listen to the recording and complete the form below
Write ONE WORD AND/ OR A NUMBER for each answer Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes provided (10 pts)
Trang 26The George and Dragon BOOK FORM DETAILS
Name: Carla (1) _
Phone number: 020 8322 1479 Type of event: retirement party Date: 30th May
Number of people: 16-17 (Please note that the upstairs room has a capacity of no
more than (2) _ people)
MENU
Seven mini burgers Two ham and cheese and two vegetable (3) _
Five (4) _ platters One Caesar and one goat’s cheese salad
Part 2 For questions 6-10, listen to a talk about a chance to rethink the world and
decide whether these statements are True (T) or False (F) Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes provided (10pts)
6 Visitors can use pushchairs free of charge
Trang 277 Visitors can buy refreshments at the shop
8 The Grand Opening of the baths occurred in 1897
9 The Romans built on the site at the same time as the Celts
10 In Roman times, the Sacred Spring was well-known for its healing powers
Your answer:
Part 3 For questions 11-15, listen to the recording and choose the answer (А, В, C or D)
which fits best according to what you hear Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered boxes provided (10pts)
11 Julian links his teenage archaeology interest to
A a desire to please his father
B his natural sense of curiosity
C a need to make some spare money
D his unhappiness with farm life
12 What aspect of archaeology still excites Julian today?
A the methodical nature of much of the work
B the pleasure of solving ancient mysteries
C the chance to accurately assess the age of objects with precise tools
D the process of theorizing with little information available
13 Julian believes that the way people see archaeology
A fails to acknowledge its scientific value
B has been given a negative image by popular media
C doesn’t show the gradual nature of the research process
D has tended to concentrate on the physical hardships involved
14 How does Julian feel about his current research post?
A He regrets having relatively few opportunities to travel
B He wishes his colleagues would take it more seriously
C He admits that the problems can get him down
Trang 28D He suggests that it is relatively cost effective
15 Julian’s project on humour in archaeology aims to
A celebrate an otherwise unrecorded aspect of archaeologists’ lives
B compare archaeological findings with anecdotal evidence
C compile a list of jokes about archaeology
D make archaeological reports more accessible to non-specialists
Your answer:
Part 4 For questions from 16-25, you will hear a radio news item about a manufacturer
of hot-air balloons and complete the notes below which summarize what the speaker
says Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each gap
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided (20pts)
Douglas Finch award
Douglas Finch is going to be given the Honorary Degree of Doctor of (16) _
Douglas Finch was born just outside of Glasgow and went to Allan Glen’s School before
reading (17) _ at Glasgow University
The Bristol Belle was the first hot air balloon in (18) _
In 1968 he was issued with the first ever (19) _ for Hot Air Balloons
The Golden Falcon was designed specifically to fly (20) _
In 1973 he was awarded the Royal Aeronautical Club Silver Medal for the first balloon flight
(21) _
In 1978 he attempted to cross the Atlantic in a balloon called (22) _
Bristol is considered the undisputed (23) _ of the world
Doug Finch has advanced the science, technology and art of balloon flight to (24)
_
Doug Finch will receive his Honorary (25) _ at Bristol Business School
Your answers:
Trang 29II LEXICO - GRAMMAR (40 POINTS)
Part 1 For questions 26-45, choose one of the words marked A, B, C, or D which best
completes each of the following sentences Write your answers in the corresponding
numbered boxes (20 pts)
26 If you are _ with your goods, contact us within ten days of receipt, and
we shall arrange collection and refund your money in full
A not completely satisfied B not completely satisfying
C not completely satisfactory D not satisfied completely
27 “Can you come away with me for the weekend?”
“I can’t as I’m decorating the kitchen _ , my mother is ill.”
A Even so B All the same C After all D On top of that
28 Would you please leave us details of your address forwarding any of your
mail to come?
29 Nobel Prize winner author J.M Coetzee has been called "the new Kafka", as he writes
about _sense of individual dislocation _Franz Kafka did
A not only - but also B more – than C both - and D the same - as
30 It is believed that _students will pass the exam with flying colors
A each and every B each one of the C all of D every
Trang 3031 films about writers are so dull is that writers don't dress up to practice their craft
32 The chemicals spilled over the road and left drivers _ for breath
A suffocating B gasping C inhaling D prohibiting
33 Radium is no more a baby but the conditions of the discovery were somewhat peculiar,
and so it is always of interest them and to explain them
A in remembering B to have remembered them
34 U.S aquacultural production comprises food fish, ornamental fish, baitfish,
mollusks, crustaceans, aquatic plants, algae, and some reptiles
A the producing B produce C is producing D the production of
35 The early railroads were _the existing arteries of transportation: roads,
turnpikes, canals, and other waterways
A those short lines connected B short lines that connected
C connected by short lines D short connecting lines
36 The school drama club is _ a play for the school’s anniversary, which is due to
take place next month
A turning up B making off C putting on D bringing down
37 For busy people in today’s society, lifestyle management is gaining _
A points B ground C speed D terrain
38 She tried to _ Tom’s importance to the company in order to gain a promotion
for herself
A diminish B shrink C dwindle D reduce
39 He may appear to be _ but in fact he’s a compulsive liar
A authentic B genuine C natural D real
40 The damp has his death; he’s got rheumatism
A affected B influenced C swayed D impressed
Trang 31A credit B funds C profit D black
42 The shopping center was built surrounded by a vast of concrete for parking
43 There was a debate about the Middle East, then they moved to a vote
44 Aware that his pension will be small, he _ a part of his salary for his old age
A sets apart B sets aside C puts up D puts apart
45 People who are overweight _ a risk of a heart attack or stroke
A bear B suffer C make D run
Part 2 For questions 46-55, complete each of the following sentences with suitable
preposition(s) or particle(s) Write your answer in the boxes provided (10 pts)
46 You must take his educational background _ account when deciding what
work to give him
47 Ben’s dreams of a university education went _ the board when his father
died and he was forced to earn a living
48 I realized something was _ of the ordinary when Ann didn’t show up for work
today
49 The rioting was brought _ by a huge increase in the price of bread
50 He will carry his plan _despite all your objections
51 You have to take _these curtains They look very dirty
Trang 3252 Her father has made all his property to her as she is his only child
53 Looking _ on my life, I realize I’ve been very fortunate
54 The prime minister should stand _ and let a new leader head the party
55 Most patients find that the numbness from the injection wears _ after about an
hour
Your answers:
Part 3 For questions 56-65, fill each gap with the correct form of the words in brackets
Write your answer in the boxes provided (10 pts)
56 The diplomat, as he is, was humble and polite in the face of unfair
criticism (VARIABLE)
57 The earthquake was so destructive that local maps needed to be (DATE)
58 Despite the number of vehicles involved in the accident, police say there were no
61 She is a talented singer and actress who stands a good chance of gaining
and recognition (STAR)
62 My aunt is thinking of going on a diet because she is about seven kilos
(WEIGH)
63 Several books that feature the images of widely photographers are listed
in the bibliography (CLAIM)
64 More people are turning to organic food these days because they're worried about all the
different in processed food (ADD)
Trang 3365 He likes to his breakfast cereal with honey instead of sugar (SWEET)
Your answers:
III READING (60 POINTS)
Part 1 For questions 66-75, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D)
best fits each gap Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided
(15 pts)
OWNING A PET
The joys and tribulations of being a pet owner! During our lifetime most of us have some
experience of either owning a pet or being in (66) _ contact with someone who does
Is there such a thing as “the ideal pet”? If so, what characterizes the ideal pet? Various (67)
_ influence one’s choice of pet, from your reasons for getting a pet to your lifestyle
For example, although quite a few pets are relatively cheap to buy, the cost of (68) _
can be considerable Everything must be (69) _ into account, from food and bedding,
to vaccinations and veterinary bills You must be prepared to (70) _ time on your pet,
which involves shopping for it, cleaning and feeding it Pets can be demanding and a big
responsibility Are you prepared to exercise and (71) _ an animal or do you prefer a
more independent pet? How much spare room do you have? Is it right to lock an energetic
animal into a (72) _ space? Do you live near a busy road which may threaten the life
of your pet? Pets (73) _ as turtles and goldfish can be cheap and convenient, but if
you prefer affectionate pets, a friendly cat or dog would be more (74) _ People get
Trang 34pets for a number of reasons, for company, security or to teach responsibility to children
Pets can be affectionate and loyal and an excellent source of company as long as you know
what pet (75) _ you and your lifestyle
67 A facets B elements C factors D points
68 A upkeep B maintenance C upbringing D raising
71 A household B housetrain C housekeep D housework
72 A confined B detained C reduced D closed
74 A suited B appropriate C likely D good
Your answers
Part 2 For questions 76-85, fill each gap in the passage below with ONE appropriate
word Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided (15 pts)
The word “computer” is a misleading name (76) _the ubiquitous machine that sits on our desks If we go (77) _ to the Victorian period, or
even the World War II era, the word (78) _ an occupation, defined in the
Oxford English Dictionary as "one who computes; a calculator, reckoner; specifically a
person employed to make calculations in an observatory, in surveying, etc."
In (79) _, although modern computer can work with numbers, (80) _ main use is for storing and manipulating information, (81)
Trang 35_ is, for doing the kinds of jobs performed by a clerk defined in the
Oxford English Dictionary (82) _ "one employed in a subordinate position
in a public or (83) _ office, shop, warehouse, etc., to make written entries,
(84) _ accounts, make fair copies of documents, do the mechanical work of
correspondence and similar 'clerkly' work." The electronic computer (85) _
be said to combine the roles of the human computer and the human clerk
Your answers:
Part 3 For questions 86-95, read the following passage and choose the best answer to
each question Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided
(15pts)
1 No student of a foreign language needs to be told that grammar is complex By changing
word sequences and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs and suffixes, we are able to
communicate tiny variations in meaning We can turn a statement into a question, state
whether an action has taken place or is soon to take place, and perform many other word
tricks to convey subtle differences in meaning Nor is this complexity inherent to the
English language All languages, even those of so-called 'primitive' tribes have clever
grammatical components The Cherokee pronoun system, for example, can distinguish
between 'you and I', 'several other people and I' and 'you, another person and I' In English,
all these meanings are summed up in the one, crude pronoun 'we' Grammar is universal and
plays a part in every language, no matter how widespread it is So the question which has
baffled many linguists is - who created grammar?
2 At first, it would appear that this question is impossible to answer To find out how
grammar is created, someone needs to be present at the time of a language's creation,
documenting its emergence Many historical linguists are able to trace modern complex
languages back to earlier languages, but in order to answer the question of how complex
Trang 36languages are actually formed, the researcher needs to observe how languages are started
from scratch Amazingly, however, this is possible
3 Some of the most recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade At that time,
slaves from a number of different ethnicities were forced to work together under colonizer's
rule Since they had no opportunity to learn each other's languages, they developed a
make-shift language called a pidgin Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the
landowner They have little in the way of grammar, and in many cases it is difficult for a
listener to deduce when an event happened, and who did what to whom [A] Speakers need
to use circumlocution in order to make their meaning understood [B] Interestingly, however,
all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for a group of children to be
exposed to it at the time when they learn their mother tongue [C] Slave children did not
simply copy the strings of words uttered by their elders, they adapted their words to create a
new, expressive language [D] It included standardized word orders and grammatical
markers that existed in neither the pidgin language, nor the language of the colonizers
Complex grammar systems which emerge from pidgins are termed creoles, and they are
invented by children
4 Further evidence of this can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf Sign
languages are not simply a series of gestures; they utilize the same grammatical machinery
that is found in spoken languages Moreover, there are many different languages used
worldwide The creation of one such language was documented quite recently in Nicaragua
Previously, all deaf people were isolated from each other, but in 1979 a new government
introduced schools for the deaf Although children were taught speech and lip reading in the
classroom, in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign system, using the gestures
that they used at home It was basically a pidgin Each child used the signs differently, and
there was no consistent grammar However, children who joined the school later, when this
inventive sign system was already around, developed a quite different sign language
Although it was based on the signs of the older children, the younger children's language was
more fluid and compact, and it utilized a large range of grammatical devices to clarify
Trang 37meaning What is more, all the children used the signs in the same way A new creole was
born
5 Some linguists believe that many of the world's most established languages were creoles at
first The English past tense –ed ending may have evolved from the verb 'do' 'It ended' may
once have been 'It end-did' Therefore it would appear that even the most widespread
languages were partly created by children Children appear to have innate grammatical
machinery in their brains, which springs to life when they are first trying to make sense of
the world around them Their minds can serve to create logical, complex structures, even
when there is no grammar present for them to copy
86 In paragraph 1, why does the writer include information about the Cherokee language?
A To show how simple, traditional cultures can have complicated grammar structures
B To show how English grammar differs from Cherokee grammar
C To prove that complex grammar structures were invented by the Cherokees
D To demonstrate how difficult it is to learn the Cherokee language
87 What can be inferred about the slaves' pidgin language?
A It contained complex grammar
B It was based on many different languages
C It was difficult to understand, even among slaves
D It was created by the land-owners
88 All the following sentences about Nicaraguan sign language are true EXCEPT:
A The language has been created since 1979
B The language is based on speech and lip reading
C The language incorporates signs which children used at home
D The language was perfected by younger children
89 In paragraph 3, where can the following sentence be placed?
It included standardized word orders and grammatical markers that existed in
neither the pidgin language, nor the language of the colonizers
90 'From scratch' in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to:
Trang 38A from the very beginning B in simple cultures
C by copying something else D by using written information
91 'Make-shift' in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:
A complicated and expressive B simple and temporary
C extensive and diverse D private and personal
92 Which sentence is closest in meaning to the bold sentence?
Grammar is universal and plays a part in every language, no matter how
widespread it is
A All languages, whether they are spoken by a few people or a lot of people, contain
grammar
B Some languages include a lot of grammar, whereas other languages contain a little
C Languages which contain a lot of grammar are more common that languages that
contain a little
D The grammar of all languages is the same, no matter where the languages evolved
93 All of the following are features of the new Nicaraguan sign language EXCEPT:
A All children used the same gestures to show meaning
B The meaning was clearer than the previous sign language
C The hand movements were smoother and smaller
D New gestures were created for everyday objects and activities
94 Which idea is presented in the final paragraph?
A English was probably once a creole
B The English past tense system is inaccurate
C Linguists have proven that English was created by children
D Children say English past tenses differently from adults
95 Look at the word 'consistent' in paragraph 4 This word could best be replaced by which
of the following?
A natural B predictable C imaginable D uniform
Your answer
Trang 3986 87 88 89 90
Part 4 For questions 96-105, read the text and do the tasks followed Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided (15 pts)
Section 1
The pyramids are the most famous monuments of ancient Egypt and still hold enormous
interest for people in the present day These grand, impressive tributes to the memory of the
Egyptian kings have become linked with the country even though other cultures, such as the
Chinese and Mayan, also built pyramids The evolution of the pyramid form has been written
and argued about for centuries However, there is no question that, as far as Egypt is
concerned, it began with one monument to one king designed by one brilliant architect: the
Step Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara
Section 2
Djoser was the first king of the Third Dynasty of Egypt and the first to build in stone Prior
to Djoser’s reign, tombs were rectangular monuments made of dried clay brick, which
covered underground passages where the deceased person was buried For reasons which
remain unclear, Djoser’s main official, whose name was Imhotep, conceived of building a
taller, more impressive tomb for his king by stacking stone slabs on top of one another,
progressively making them smaller, to form the shape now known as the Step Pyramid
Djoser is thought to have reigned for 19 years, but some historians and scholars attribute a
much longer time for his rule, owing to the number and size of the monuments he built
Section 3
The Step Pyramid has been thoroughly examined and investigated over the last century, and
it is now known that the building process went through many different stages Historian
Marc Van de Mieroop comments on this, writing ‘Much experimentation was involved,
which is especially clear in the construction of the pyramid in the center of the complex It
had several plans … before it became the first Step Pyramid in history, piling six levels on
Trang 40top of one another … The weight of the enormous mass was a challenge for the builders,
who placed the stones at an inward incline in order to prevent the monument breaking up.’
Section 4
When finally completed, the Step Pyramid rose 62 meters high and was the tallest structure
of its time The complex in which it was built was the size of a city in ancient Egypt and
included a temple, courtyards, shrines, and living quarters for the priests It covered a region
of 16 hectares and was surrounded by a wall 10.5 meters high The wall had 13 false doors
cut into it with only one true entrance cut into the south-east corner; the entire wall was then
ringed by a trench 750 meters long and 40 meters wide The false doors and the trench were
incorporated into the complex to discourage unwanted visitors If someone wished to enter,
he or she would have needed to know in advance how to find the location of the true opening
in the wall Djoser was so proud of his accomplishment that he broke the tradition of having
only his own name on the monument and had Imhotep’s name carved on it as well
Section 5
The burial chamber of the tomb, where the king’s body was laid to rest, was dug beneath the
base of the pyramid, surrounded by a vast maze of long tunnels that had rooms off them to
discourage robbers One of the most mysterious discoveries found inside the pyramid was a
large number of stone vessels Over 40,000 of these vessels, of various forms and shapes,
were discovered in storerooms off the pyramid’s underground passages They are inscribed
with the names of rulers from the First and Second Dynasties of Egypt and made from
different kinds of stone There is no agreement among scholars and archaeologists on why
the vessels were placed in the tomb of Djoser or what they were supposed to represent The
archaeologist Jean-Philippe Lauer, who excavated most of the pyramid and complex,
believes they were originally stored and then give a ‘proper burial’ by Djoser in his pyramid
to honor his predecessors There are other historians, however, who claim the vessels were
dumped into the shafts as yet another attempt to prevent grave robbers from getting to the
king’s burial chamber
Section 6