Lý thuyết về các dạng câu so sánh Tính từ/trạng từ dài và ngắn Trong các dạng so sánh ta còn có khái niệm tính từ/trạng từ dài và ngắn.. Tùy thuộc vào loại tính từ/trạng từ mà ta có sự b
Trang 1Lý thuyết về các dạng câu so sánh Tính từ/trạng từ dài và ngắn
Trong các dạng so sánh ta còn có khái niệm tính từ/trạng từ dài và ngắn Tùy thuộc vào loại tính từ/trạng từ mà ta có sự biến đổi cho phù hợp với các thể so sánh
- Tính từ ngắn (short adjectives) gồm:
+ Tính từ một vần (syllable) Ví dụ: long , short, big, hot, fat
+ Tính từ hai vần nhưng tận cùng bằng phụ âm + Y Ví dụ: happy, lazy, busy,
- Tính từ dài (long adjectives) gồm
+ Những tính từ hai vần còn lại Ví dụ: bored, careless,…
+ Các tính từ từ ba vần trở lên Ví dụ: beautiful, complicated,…
- Trạng từ ngắn: là những trạng từ một vần Ví dụ: hard, late, soon,…
Lưu ý: Từ early tuy có hai vần nhưng vẫn xếp vào loại trạng từ ngắn.
- Trạng từ dài: là những trạng từ hai vần trở lên, ngoại trừ early và badly
Ví dụ: carefully, quiet, …
Các dạng so sánh
So sánh bằng
So sánh không ngang
bằng
Q S1 + be/ V + as + adj / adv + as + S2 + aux E.g: He is as old as my father.
He drives as carefully as I (do).
Q S1 + negative V + as/so + adj/adv + as + S2 + aux E.g: He is not as/so old as my father.
He doesn’t drive as/so carefully as I (do).
So sánh hơn
Q S1 + be/ V + adj/ adv (short) + er + than + S2 + aux E.g: You arethinner than he (is).
He runs faster than I (do).
QS1 + V + more + adj/ adv (long) + than + S2 + aux E.g: He is more intelligent than I (am).
He drives more carefully than I (do).
So sánh nhất Q S + be/V + the + adj/ adv (short) + est
E.g: Nam is the tallest student in my class.
Cheetah runs (the) fastest in the world.
Q S + be/ V + the most + adj/ adv(long) E.g: He is the most intelligent student in my class.
Of the students in my class, Nam speaks English (the) most
Trang 2So sánh kép
Q The adj/ adv (comparative) + S + V, the + adj/ adv (comparative) + S + V (càng… càng…)
E.g:The more beautiful she is, the more modest she becomes.
The harder he studies, the wiser he becomes.
Q More and more + adj/ adv (long) Adj/ adv (short) + er and adj (short) + er: càng ngày càng
E.g:Life in the city ismore and more stressful.
They workharder and harder.
So sánh kém
Q S1 + be/ V + less + adj/ adv + than + S2
Q S + be/ V + the least adj/ adv E.g: This film is less interesting than the one I saw yesterday.
He works least effectively in our group.
So sánh với danh từ
Q S1 + V + as many/ much + N as S2 + aux S1 +negative V as/ so few/ little + N as S2 + aux E.g He earns as much money as I do.
I don’t have as/ so many friends as he does.
Q S1 + V + more/ fewer/ less + N + than S2 + aux E.g He has collected more stamps than I have.
I have collected fewer stamps than he has.
Q S + V + most/ fewest/ least + N E.g I have least free time in my family.
Lưu ý:
- Ta thường sử dụng so sánh bằng khi muốn nhấn mạnh điều này gấp điều kia bao nhiêu lần
Ví dụ:
Her husband is twicce as old as she (is) (Chồng cô ta già gấp đôi cô)
- Một số từ nhấn mạnh thường đứng trước tính từ/trạng từ so sánh: much, a lot, far, slightly, a bit, no, any,
>> Her husband is much/ far/ a lot/ older than her.
Tính từ/trạng từ đặc biệt
Trang 32 good/ well better best Tốt, giỏi
5 far farther/ further farthest/ furthest Xa (distance) / Rộng (range)
6 old older/ elder oldest/ eldest Già, cũ (for all)/ (brother/ sister)
Bài tập về câu so sánh
I Chia từ trong ngoặc
1 Can't you think of anything _ (intelligent) to say?
2 Well, the place looks _(clean) now.
3 Janet looks thinner (thin) than she did.
4 You need to draw it _more careful _(carefully)
5 The weather is getting _ (bad).
6 The programme will be shown at a (late) date.
7 I can't stay (long) than half an hour.
8 A mobile phone would be a _ (useful) present.
9 I'll try to finish the job (soon).
10 It was _ (busy) than usual in town today.
11 I'll be even _ (annoyed) if you do that again.
12 Since the break-in I feel (nervous).
13 Lan sings ……… ( sweet ) than Hoa
14 Mai is ……… ( tall ) of the four girls
15 Your accent is ……… ( bad ) mine
16 There was a storm yesterday Today, the weather’s ……… ( beautiful )
17 He runs ……… ( fast ) of all
18 Which one of the three books do you think is ……… ( interesting ) ?
19 Which hotel is ………… ( far ) from the airport, The Renaissance or The Camellia
II Viết dạng so sánh nhất của những từ trong ngoặc.
1 That was the (funny) film I've ever seen.
2 It was the (horrible) feeling I've ever had.
3 Have you read her (recent) book?
4 It's the _(large) company in the country.
5 It was the _(boring) speech I've ever heard.
6 You've got the _(far) to travel.
7 That's the _(helpful) idea so far.
8 The factory uses the (modern) production methods.
9 This is the (early) I've ever got up.
Trang 410 It was the (sad) day of my life.
Đáp án
I Chia từ trong ngoặc
1 Can't you think of anything _more intelligent (intelligent) to say?
2 Well, the place looks _cleaner (clean) now.
3 Janet looks thinner (thin) than she did.
4 You need to draw it _more carefully _(carefully)
5 The weather is getting _worse (bad).
6 The programme will be shown at a later (late) date.
7 I can't stay _longer _(long) than half an hour.
8 A mobile phone would be a _more useful (useful) present.
9 I'll try to finish the job sooner (soon).
10 It was busier _ (busy) than usual in town today.
11 I'll be even more annoyed _ (annoyed) if you do that again.
12 Since the break-in I feel more nervous (nervous).
13 Lan sings more sweetly than Hoa
14 Mai is the tallest of the four girls
15 Your accent is worse than mine
16 There was a storm yesterday Today, the weather’s more beautiful
17 He runs the fastest of all (có thể bỏ THE)
18 Which one of the three books do you think is the most interesting ?
19 Which hotel is further from the airport, The Renaissance or The Camellia?
II Viết dạng so sánh nhất của những từ trong ngoặc.
1 That was the _most funny _ (funny) film I've ever seen.
2 It was the _most horrible _(horrible) feeling I've ever had.
3 Have you read her _most recent _(recent) book?
4 It's the largest _(large) company in the country.
5 It was the most boring _(boring) speech I've ever heard.
6 You've got the _furthest (far) to travel.
7 That's the _most helpful (helpful) idea so far.
8 The factory uses the most modern (modern) production methods.
9 This is the _earliest _(early) I've ever got up.
10 It was the saddest (sad) d
Trang 51 Viết dạng so sánh hơn của những từ trong ngoặc.
They've made these chocolate bars smaller (small)
Sport is more interesting (interesting) than politics
1 Can't you think of anything _(intelligent) to say?
2 Well, the place looks _(clean) now
3 Janet looks (thin) than she did
4 You need to draw it (carefully)
5 The weather is getting _ (bad)
6 The programme will be shown at a (late) date
7 I can't stay (long) than half an hour
8 A mobile phone would be a _ (useful) present
9 I'll try to finish the job (soon)
10 It was _ (busy) than usual in town today
11 I'll be even _ (annoyed) if you do that again.
12 Since the break-in I feel (nervous).
2 Viết dạng so sánh nhất của những từ trong ngoặc.
It's the shortest (short) day of the year
It's the most beautiful (beautiful) building in the world
1 That was the (funny) film I've ever seen
2 It was the (horrible) feeling I've ever had
3 Have you read her (recent) book?
4 It's the _(large) company in the country
5 It was the _(boring) speech I've ever heard
6 You've got the _(far) to travel
7 That's the _(helpful) idea so far
8 The factory uses the (modern) production methods
9 This is the (early) I've ever got up
10 It was the (sad) day of my life.