Tuy nhien, cd mat trai do toe do CNH, DTH cao va tang trUdng kinh te nong dang gay tac dong tieu cue tdi cac mat chinh tri - xa hoi - do thi - moi trudng va gay ap liic Idn len cong tac
Trang 1VAN Qi LAO D O N G , Viec LAM VA QUAN vf DAT DAI TRONG
Hoang Xuan Nghia*
Ha Noi Thu do cua ea nUdc, la d i u nao
chinh tri h a n h chinh qude gia, trung tam
Idn ve van hoa, khoa hoc, giao due dao tao,
kinh te va giao lUu qude te Ndi day dang
dien r a cac qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, do
thi hoa (CNH, DTH), phat trien kinh te thi
trUdng va tang trudng ra't nang dong (vdi to'c
do 10-11%/nam) Cd the ndi Ha Noi dang
thay da ddi thit ttoig ngay, tii mot thu do
truyen thong trd t h a n h t h u do ngay cang
giau dep, van minh, hien dai trong thdi ky
hoi nhap Tuy nhien, cd mat trai do toe do
CNH, DTH cao va tang trUdng kinh te nong
dang gay tac dong tieu cue tdi cac mat chinh
tri - xa hoi - do thi - moi trudng va gay ap liic
Idn len cong tac quan ly, dieu hanh vi mo ndi
chung; trong do, lao dong viec lam va cong
tac quy hoach, quan ly dat dai tren dia ban
dang ndi len nhU la nhiing van de ndi com
c i n phai quan tam giai quyet
1 Van de t h u hoi dat v a giai p h o n g
mat b a n g
Trong giai doan trUdc khi md rong dia
gidi tii nam 2000-2008, Thanh pho Ha Noi
da thiic hien ban giao mat b i n g khoang
2.000 du an, trong tdng so' g i n 3.000 dii an
phai thu hoi dat va giai phong mat bang
(GPMB) vdi g i n 10.000 ha va hen quan tdi
hang van ho dan Binh quan moi nam thu
hoi khoang 300 dii an vdi tren 1.000 ha Do'i vdi Ha Noi md rong, chi tinh den 31-8-2008, tren dia ban da cd hdn 800 du an d i u tU yeu
c i u GPMB vdi quy mo hdn 12.833 ha dat phai thu bdi, lien quan den g i n 120.000 td chiic, ho gia dinh va ca nhan; trong do dU kien phai bo' tri tai dinh cU va giai quyet viec lam cho khoang 18.000 ho^ Ban Do an Quy hoach Thu do mdi hien dang ehd Thu tudng phe duyet da de x u i t quy dat do thi tang tii 920 km^ Gan diu) len 1.200 km^ (lin dieu chinh) Nhu vay, dii kien trong vong 20 nam tdi (2011-2030), dat cho do thi se tang
7 l i n so vdi 1000 nam phat trien cua Thang long Ha Noi (hien trang dien tich Ha Noi
la 180,5km^) Neu thiic hien theo Ban Do an Quy hoach nay thi tdi nam 2030 Ha Noi se phai thu hdi GPMB 102.000 ha dat, chu yeu
la dat nong nghiep va phai bd^ tri viec lam, ddi song cho hang trieu nong dan ngoai thanh
Qua trinh do thi h6a, cong nghiep hoa d
Ha Noi thdi gian qua thay vi liy d i t xau, d i t
ddi go, d i t trung du mien niii, thi lai sii dung
ngay cang nhieu dat canh tie, dat liia 2 vu lam do thi va KCN Rieng trong nam 2008,
Ha Noi thu hdi khoang 1.500 ha dat, trong do
CO hdn 900 ha d i t nong nghiep trong liia 2 vu (gin 2/3 dien tich thu hdi); so' lao dong m i t viec lam do chuyen ddi muc dich sii dung d i t
* Ho^ng Xuan Nghia, Tien si, Vien nghien cvtu phat trien KT - XH Ha Noi
1 So lieu cua Ban chi dao GPMB Thanh pho, HN, 2009
Trang 2l l l i ' l l j ] NGHIEN Clhl TRAO DPI VAN D£ LAO BONG. viec LAM VA QUAN L? DAT DAI TRONG
nong nghiep tren dia ban nam 2008 la
khoang 40.000 ngUdi Huyen Thach That,
trong tdng sd" gan 2.882 ha da't se thu hdi cd
tdi 1.853 ha da't nong nghiep, lien quan tdi
15.618 ho dan Dang sau nhiing dU an la cau
chuyen dai ve ddi song, viec lam cua ngUdi
nong dan Chi rieng xa Van Canh (huyen
Hoai Diic) da ed 5 du an vdi tdng dien tich dat
se thu hdi len tdi g i n 300 ha Mot can bo
UBND xa cho biet: khi tat ea eac du an nay
di vao boat dong, g i n nhU ngUdi dan trong xa
khong con d i t canh t i e Ha Noi ciing da xay
diing De an giai phap ho trd dn dinh ddi sdhg,
dao tao nghe va viec lam cho cac ho dan viing
chuyen ddi muc dich sut dung da't nong
nghiep, vdi 4 giai phap dUde dUa ra: thanh
lap quy ho trd, dn dinh ddi sohg, phd cap giao
due, hoc nghe va tao viec lam cho eac ho dan
hi thu hdi tren 30% da't san xua't nong
nghiep Tuy nhien tren thUc te nhiing ho trd
nay chUa mang lai hieu qua nhU mong muo'n;
da so'nong dan than phien khong cd viec lam,
chi mot so' it dUde td ehUc hoc nghe, chuyen
ddi nghe
Tao viec lam va dn dinh ddi song cho cac
ho dan bi t h u hdi da't luon la va'n de nong,
kho k h a n nha't trong h a u giai phong mat
bang Theo mot dieu tra, sau khi thu hdi
da't giai phong mat b i n g , t r e n dia ban ed
58% ngUdi dan diing tien den bii xay n h a
e^a, mua s i m tien nghi, do diing; 2,55% ho
d i u t u cho hoe nghe va ehi cd 1,27% ho d i u
t u cho san xua't phi nong nghiep Nam
2007, trong tdng so' 20.000 lao dong bi t h u
hdi dat d Ha Noi chi cd ehUa day 5.000
ngUdi dUde hoc nghe (chiem 25% so vdi
tdng so' ngUdi dan hi t h u hdi dat) va so'
dUde bo' t r i viec lam con it hdn niia Nhiing
nam qua Ha Noi tien h a n h t h u hdi dat giai phong m a t b a n g do'i vdi h a n g chue van
ho dan, trong do h a n g van ho phai bd^ tri tai dinh cU va chuyen doi nghe, nhUng ciing cd h a n g v a n ho ehUa bo' tri dUdc viec lam Dieu nay dang gay nhieu biic xiie ve ddi sdhg, xa hoi^
Co the ndi r a n g qua t r i n h CNH, DTH la mot t a t yeu khach quan, ben canh mat tich cUe thi ciing xua't hien cac tac dong tieu ciic can dUde t i n h den va cd giai phap kip thdi Ro r a n g do toe do do thi hoa qua nong, ma chu yeu do cong tac quy hoach va quan ly dieu h a n h vi mo, ed cong tac quy hoach, quan ly N h a nUde ve da't dai va giai quyet lao dong viec lam eon bat cap, thieu ddng bo va chUa bam sat thiie t i l n , da gay
r a cac he luy khong mong muo'n, lam cho
t h a n h qua p h a t trien khong den dUdc v6i
t a t ca moi ngUdi Bang ton tai nghich ly Id
do thi hoa md tinh trang ngheo doi vdn ton tai vd bat binh ddng trong thu nhap c6 xu hudng ndi rong ra Mot v i n de Idn dat ra
cho chinh sach cong nghiep hoa Viet Nam
va Ha Noi thdi gian tdi, la cang di vao cong nghiep hoa t h i san x u a t nong nghiep cang
bi t h u hep va ngUdi nong dan cang bi tach khoi ruong da't Viec do t h i hoa d i t dai, cac cong t r i n h xay diing, n h a ciia va lang thon
cd the dUde thiie hien theo ke hoach, bing cae bien phap h a n h chinh Tuy nhien qua trinh nay ehi thuc sii t h a n h cong khi do thi hoa dUdc ngUdi nong dan, do thi hoa dUdc lao dong nong thon ngay chinh tren viing da't ho dang sinh sdhg; tiic la chuyen ddi
ho t h a n h mot cong dan do thi, lao dong phi nong nghiep, de ho hoi n h a p vao ddi song
va van minh thi trUdng, cong nghiep
2 Hau giai phong mat bang S Ha Noi: thUc trang va giai phap De tM trong diem TP nam 2010
Trang 3VAN eg LAO BONG vi£c LAM VA QUAN LV BAT BAI TRONG NGHIEN ciiu TRAO DPI ^ j j ^ j
2 T i n h t r a n g n h i e u d i i a n c h a m t r i e n
k h a i h a y t h i c o n g k e o d a i g a y l a n g p h i
n g u o n lijfc
Du an "treo" la tinh trang kha phd bien
va nan giai trong cong t i e quan ly d i t dai,
t r a t t u xay diing va phat trien do thi tai eac
t h a n h phd Idn Thanh phd Ha Noi dang tdn
tai nhiing dii an treo nhU: dii an ehd Cdhg Vi
(Ba Dinh) cao 6 tang vdi tdng dien tich san
3000 m^ du an dudng 2,5 km tii khu viic do
thi mdi Dinh Cong r a quo'c 16 lA; dU an khu
nha d di dan giai phong mat bang Kim Lien
La Thanh; dU an cai tao ha t i n g ky thuat
ho Ba M i u , hd Kim Lien; dii an mit giao
thong C i u Tien; dii an bai d6 xe Ho Bung
Ca Cac du an nay c6 tham nien hang chuc
nam cd le, nhUng tdi nay nhieu hang muc
v i n chUa khdi dong hoac thi cong dd dang
nen cong trinh bi xuong cap, nhieu khu dat
Idn cua Ha Noi sau khi giai phong mat bang
lai bo hoang hoa t h a n h bai tap ket vat lieu,
phe lieu, t u di§m ma tiiy, toi pham Dieu
nay gay lang phi kinh te va anh hudng xau
tdi xa hoi moi trUdng, cuoe song va tam ly
biic xiic cua ngUdi dan
Theo Bo Tai nguyen va Moi trUdng, nam
2007 chi tinh cac dii an Idn tai Ha Noi cd 29
du an "treo" vdi tdng dien tich 699 ha, gay
lang phi that thoat hang ngan ty ddng, diing
thii 5 trong cae tinh t h a n h cd nhieu dii an
"treo" Theo cong bd^ eua Sd Tai nguyen &
Moi trudng Thanh phd, tinh tdi 31/12/2007
tren dia ban ed 381 dii an chUa trien khai
trong tdng sd 3.401 dii an (tUdng dUdng
4.055 ha/33.143 ha) da giao va cho thue d i t
tii 1/1/1993^
Du an "treo" ed nhiing nguyen nhan do
khau giai phong mat bSng ed nhieu vUdng
3 Thcli bao Doanh nhan so ra ngay 29/04/2008
mic, hoac cd che chinh sach thay ddi d i n tdi sii chenh lech gia den bii theo thdi diem giiia nhiing ho dan trong ciing mot du an, do khieu kien khien mot so' dii an dang trien khai buoc phai drfng lai thanh tra; c6 nguyen nhan lien quan tdi thu tuc hanh chinh phde tap trong viec len phUdng an den bu, xac
nhan nguon gdc sxi dung dit; chon nha thau
thieu nang liic nen khong du dieu kien thUc hien dU an trong thUc te; luat phap va che tai, thanh kiem tra, giam sat viec tuan thu tien do dU an, thUe hien quy hoach phe duyet chUa nghiem; cuoi ciing, khong the khong ke tdi cd che giao da't va dinh gia thue d i t ciia chiing ta con de dai va b i t cap nen bi lam dung de gam dit, dau cd dat dai DUdng nhu cd each tinh t o i n ngim: cU xin dUdc du
an la da c6 Idi bac ty rdi Dieu nay gay cac roi loan phUc tap ve quan ly thi trUdng d i t dai
va quan ly kinh te
3 V a n d e k h i e u k i e n v a t r a n h c h a p
ve d a t d a i k e o d a i Mot so' vu viec xay ra trong miy nam qua
la dang bao dong Ngay 13/12/2004 hang tram ngUdi dan dia phUdng da tu tap tan cong lUe lUdng bao ve va cac dai bieu tham dU budi le khdi cong dU an san golf Van Tri thuoc xa Kim Nd (Dong Anh) Tai dia phUdng, cd van de thu hdi d i t cho cac dii an qua Idn Ngoai dii an San Golf, con cd cac dii
an hd dieu hoa, dii an dUdng 5 keo dai khien 1.000 ho trong tdng so' 2.500 ho dan
m i t dat Trung binh eii 1 ho mat dat thi cd 2 lao dong mat viec lam Mae du nha t h i u da phai tang mdc gia den bii tii 2,5 trieu d/sao
len 12 trieu d/sao va hd trd them 6 trieu ddng
cho mdi ho bi lay dat Rieng dii an san golf lay 128 ha keo theo 600 ho dan trong vung
Trang 4[wn NGHIEN CIJU TRAO DPI VAN B E LAO B O N G , VIEC LAM VA QUAN Ly BAT BAI TRONG
m i t sinh ke Nguyen nhan gay roi khong chi
do mot so' ngUdi qua khich, ma sau xa con do
ngUdi dan c6 ndi lo ling, bat dn ve cuoe sdhg,
cong an viec lam sau khi thu hdi dat GPMB
Neu khong giai quyet thau dao tinh trang
nay se gay kh6 khan thiic hien cae dii an va
hau qua xa hoi khon lUdng
Ngoai ra, tren dia ban Thanh pho'con xay
ra mot so' vu viec t r a n h chip, khieu kien
ciing lien quan tdi dat dai va giai phong mat
bang Tham chi, cd vu t r a n h chap da xay ra
x6 xat d i n den mot so^ n h i e^a, phUdng tien
bi ddt chay, eac dien tich liia, hoa mau bi
pha hoai, mot so' ngUdi qua khich da c6
nhiing hanh dong t r a thii buy hoai tai san,
cay trong vat nuoi Nhiing hien tUdng neu
tren khong ehi gay tdn hai ve kinh te, ma
hdn the con gay mat dn dinh ve chinh tri
xa hoi va sU phat trien ben viing
Theo thdhg ke, tren ea nUde eo tdi 80%
trUdng hdp ddn thU khieu kien ciia cong dan
lien quan tdi cong tac quan ly, tranh chap ve
da't dai va giai phong mat bang Tren dia
ban chi tinh trong vong 5 nam g i n day,
thuoc tham quyen Thanh pho' da tiep nhan
va giai quyet 1.106 vu viec khieu kien, to'
cao; trong do c6 585 vu lien quan den d i t
dai, xay diing, giai phong mat bang (chiem
53%) Cac quan, huyen tiep nhan 3.305 vu
lien quan den d i t dai giai phong mat b i n g
(chiem khoang 70% tdng so'ddn thu) Mot sd
vu viec sai pham ve dat dai gay bdc xiie
trong n h a n dan da dUde xii ly theo quy dinh,
nhu du an mit giao thong Nga Tu Sd {xii ly
can bo cue thue quan Do'ng Da), dii an Quo'c
16 2 xa Minh Tri - Xuan Hoa, huyen Soc Sdn
{xii ly can bo Ban quan ly dii an huyen), cae
du an bai rac Viet Hiing - Dong Anh.v.v ^
Tuy nhien, cac dien hinh giai quyet ddt diem, kip thdi t r a n h cha'p khieu kien ciia dan chUa nhieu Tren thiic te', khong hiem trUdng hdp, can bo do thieu nang lUc va pham chat, da lam dung chiie quyen va cac
ke hd cua cd che chinh sach de true Idi ca nhan, gay tdn hai cho Idi ich chung va Idi ich cua ngUdi dan Mot s6' vu viec hay trUdng
hdp da bi phat hien, phe binh, xii ly ky luat,
buoc dieu chuyen hoac cho thoi viec, tham chi phai truy t6' trach nhiem hinh sU trUdc phap luat Day la tdn t h a t Idn nhat - tdn tha't can bo va niem tin vao chinh quyen, ben canh m i t m i t ve tien cua vat chat do lien quan tdi t h i t thoat, tham nhiing d i t dai
4 Cac h a n c h e bat cap trong ctf che,
c h i n h s a c h q u a n ly n h a nufdc ve dat dai
Cd the coi day la nguyen nhan cua cac nguyen nhan TUu chung d cac diem sau:
Cong tdc quy hoach vd quan ly quy hoach dat dai con rat yeu, thieu can ci2 khoa hoc vd thitc tien Cd hien tUdng lam quy
hoach tuy tien va chUa dUdc coi trong, mang tinh hinh thdc Viec td chiic thiic thi, thanh tra kiem t r a va che tai x^ phat vi pham ve
d i t dai chUa nghiem Dae biet, edng tac lap quy hoach da't dai khong phai liic nao ciing
di trUdc lam cong cu cho quan ly Nha nU6c ChUa dam bao sii gan ket, thohg nhat giiia quy hoach d i t dai va cae quy hoach phat trien kinh te xa hoi khac Cho tdi nay chiing ta v i n thieu mot s6'quy hoach d i t dai chuyen nganh tren pham vi ea nUdc, viing
va dia phUdng Nhu thieu quy hoach ve cac loai da't cho eac nhu cau phat trien cu the, vi
du, da't cho ndng nghiep va trong liia, trong rutng, cay dac san, nuoi trong thuy hai san,
d i t d6 thi va KCN-KCX, tham ehi la cin
4 Hau giai phong m&t bang ol Ha Noi: thUc trang va giai phap De tai trong dilm TP nam 2010
Trang 5VAN Bt LAO B O N G , V I £ C LAM V A QUAN iif BAT BAI TRONG NGHIEN COU TRAO DPI [ ^ | j j ^ J
quy hoach ca he tho'ng san bay, ben cang,
dUdng giao th6ng, k h u du lich, san golf
tren ca nUdc la bao nhieu? Vi thieu quy
hoach chung ma cac dia phUdng cap da't tiiy
tien, CO tinh trang so' san golf nhieu hdn ca
sd ngUdi chdi golf; ho lam nhU vay vi Idi tich
cue bo, nhUng c6 hai cho Idi ich qude gia
Duy tri qua lau cd che hai gia trong tinh
boi thiidnggidi phong mat bang vd hach toan
chi phi dat dai dau vao cho cac doanh nghiep
thue dat Keo theo la duy tri cd che giao d i t
(hay con goi cd che^xin - cho) ddi vdi cae dii an
va nha d i u tU Neu td ehiie dau t h i u ciing chi
mang tinh hinh thiie, ddi khi dan diing kieu
"quan xanh quan do", ma thiic chat la "thdng
thiu'' R6't cuoe, ehi nha d i u tu va ngUdi ra
quyet dinh giao dat dii an dUde hudng Idi, con
ngUdi dan va Nha nUde deu bi thiet hai,
nhieu trUdng hdp thi tdn t h i t nay la r i t Idn
Theo cac chuyen gia, c6ng tac quan ly Nha
nude ve d i t dai thdi gian qua diia vao cd che
2 gia gia nha nUde quy dinh rat t h i p so vdi
gia trao doi tren thi trUdng thudng cao hdn
nhieu lin, tham chi hang chuc hang tram
lin, lam that thoat nguon liic Idn va cd ban
ciia xa hoi, cd tinh toan la tdi 70 ty USD*
Ngoai ra, do kbdng tinh du cae chi phi d i u
vao la d i t dai nen cac du an khdng the hach
toan, kinh doanh hieu qua Theo do, edn k b i t
dau tu du an de lay d i t cii tang len; tinh
trang lang phi, tham nhung ve dat dai ciing
Idn nha't va ngay cang phiic tap Mot s6' lieu
cong b6', tren ca nUde c6 1.300 can bo, cong
chiic bi khdi to', xii ly vi hen quan tdi tham
nhiing d i t dai
Cong tdc boi thUdng thu hoi dat gidi
phong mat bang vi the ciing gap nhieu kho
khan, mau thuan nan gidi Do dinh gia bdi
thudng qua t h i p , nen ngUdi dan c6 thai do
b i t hdp t i e , khieu kien lien mien khong c6 hdi ket Trong khi cae du an phat trien kinh
te xa hoi khong the khdi cong hoac bi keo dai, CO du an v i t qua nhieu ed che vdi nhieu nhiem ky lanh dao ma van chUa hoan thanh Dieu nay lai gay tdn that Idn cho xa hoi, bdi thdi gian keo dai nen ehi chi phat sinh bi doi len nhieu lin, e6ng trinh cham dUa vao khai thac de phuc vu dan sinh va kinh te Vi du,
du an dudng Lac Long Quan tren dia ban quan Tay Hd (Ha Noi) keo dai ngot chuc nam
va chi phi tang tii 120 ty len 450 ty ddng; dU
an dudng vanh dai 3 keo dai 11 nam vao chi phi tang tii 820 ty len 2.200 ty ddng Ha Noi Cling ndi tieng c6 nhiing con dUdng dat n h i t
hanh tinh: doan dUdng tii 6 ehd Diia t6i
Trung Tu dii kien 750 ty ddng, tUe 40 trieu USD/km; doan dUdng T r i n Duy HUng Khuit Duy Tien - Nguyen Trai dU kien 1.300
ty ddng, tiic xap xi 14 trieu USD/km; doan dUdng tii phd Dao Tan tdi de Budi ehi phi cao gip 5 l i n miic trung binh the gidi Nghich ly
la, dUdng cao to'c the gidi chi m i t 1-1,5 trieu USD/km, nhung chiing ta dat tdi ca chuc lin DUdng nhien, ngoai van de dU an keo dai bi doi chi phi thi con c6 nguyen nhan do quy hoach, quan ly d i t dai chUa tot khien gia ca
va thi trUdng d i t dai bien dong manh vdi nhiing eii "so'c" gia chong mat
Thi tri/dng dat dai d niCdc ta, nhat la tren dia bdn Hd Noi, hinh thanh chUa dong
bo vd van hdnh thieu on dinh, xay ra hien tr/cfng dau ccf vd tdng gid dot bien, gay hau qua tieu ciXc tdi phan bo nguon lUc vd phan hoa thu nhap cua ddn ciC C6 the noi, gia d i t
d i u cd va liing doan la he qua doc quyen ciia nhiing nhom Idi ich va mat khac la do bu6ng long quan ly nha nUde ve dat dai Gia dat
* Theo GS Dang Hung Vo
Trang 6i l i U i i l j ] NGHIEN Cim TRAO DPI VAN Ql LAO B O N G , V I £ C LAM V A Q U A N L t D A T BAI TRONG
liing doan cao mot each phi ly, kh6ng phai
do cung c i u hien thiic va kha nang t h a n h
toan eua thi trUdng quyet dinh Theo cac
chuyen gia, binh quan gia dat Ha Noi cao
hdn 2 l i n so vdi TP Hd Chi Minh, xap xi miic
gia cua cae t h u do Tokyo eua Nhat Ban,
Matxedva cua Nga, Trong khi mat bang
thu nhap dan cU, miie hudng dung va kha
n a n g sinh Idi eua d i t dai d Ha Noi thap hdn
nhieu so vdi cac t h a n h phd'ldn tren the gidi^
Day la dieu b i t hdp ly; hay nhu cau ndi "Ha
Noi tac d i t t i e vang" Su d i u cd liing doan
day gia qua cao ehi lam Idi cho mot so'ngudi
ed quyen luc dae biet vdi thii tai nguyen nay
Trai lai, gay h a u qua xa'u ve kinh te - xa hoi:
doanh nghiep va ngUdi dan deu gap kho
k h a n khi tiep can nguon liie dat dai, hoac
phai c h i p n h a n ehi phi cao de thue mat
bang kinh doanh, tao diing nha d Dieu nay
lai khien mdi trudng kinh doanh Thu do
kem h i p d i n , siic canh t r a n h eua hang hoa
va doanh nghiep giam siit, gia tang chenh
lech dieu kien song va phan hoa giau ngheo
5 Mot so k i e n n g h i v e h o a n t h i e n
c h i n h s a c h d a t d a i , l a o d o n g v i e c l a m
t r o n g q u a t r i n h d o t h i h o a v a c o n g
n g h i e p h o a d nxidc t a
Nham hoan thien quan ly Nha nUde ve
d i t dai, giai quyet lao dong viec lam trong
qua trinh CNH, DTH theo yeu c i u phat
trien KTTT dinh hUdng XHCN va hoi nhap
eua nUdc ta trong giai doan mdi, chiing toi
xin neu mot so' dinh hudng giai phap cho Ha
Noi va ea nUde n h u sau:
Thit nhat, khan triicfng tao lap dong bg
cdc yeu to' vd the che ccf bdn cua thi tri/dng
dat dai Trong dd, cd td chde san giao dich,
cd quan tham dinh gia chuyen nghiep, edng
thong tin liiu trii ve n h a d i t v i xay dUng ehi so' gia BDS (gio'ng n h u ehi so gia vang, dola, chiing khoan) Tang cUdng quan ly nha nUdc ddi vdi thi trUdng da't dai, lap lai ky eUdng
va t r a t tu, dUa thi trUdng nay di vao van
h a n h dn dinh, lanh manh Thiie hien nhat quan ed che thi trudng trong phan bd nguon lUc d i t dai phuc vu cho tang trudng va cai thien ddi song n h a n dan
Thit hai, dam bao quyen sd hihi toi cao
vd quan ly thohg nhat cua nhd niCdc ve ddt dai Nha nUdc td chiic giao dat thong qua dau
t h i u du an, ap dung cd che gia thi trUdng, kien quyet xoa bd bao cap ve d i t dai, chong
d i u cd va tham nhiing da't dai ThUc hien
phan pho'i lai Idi ich tii dat dai tren nguyen
t i e nha nude phai thu dia to va miic chenh lech gia do d i u tU nha nUdc vao ha ting, do quy hoach va chuyen ddi cong nang va quyen
sii dung da't dai dem lai Nhan dan va cac td
chiic, doanh nghiep dUde nhan thue dat, giao da't theo gia thi trUdng va eo quyen stf dung
d i t dn dinh lau dai, dUdc chuyen nhUdng, gop voh va den bii theo thi trUdng ciing vdi trach nhiem tai chinh d i y du
ThvC ba, hoan thien cong tdc quy hoach,
ke hoach sic dung dat dai Quy hoach, ke
hoach sii dung da't dai phai theo nguyen tic
phan bd hdp ly va hieu qua nguon liic da't dai cho eac nhu e i u d i u tU p h i t trien va d6i sohg; n h a nUdc lap quy hoach dat dai thohg nha't cho ea nUdc, ttoig viing va dia phUdng, dam bao duy tri quy da't dn dinh cho cac yeu
c i u ed ban n h u an ninh, quo'c phong, kinh
te, dan sinh; viec chuyen ddi cong nang va
muc dich sii dung d i t phai do cac cap c6
tham quyen phe duyet, tham chi d cap cao nha't phe duyet (nhu Qude hoi); ciing cin
5 Thuc trang va giai phap giai quyet nha h cho ngucli thu nhap tha'p 6 Ha Noi De tai trong diem TP nam 2008
Trang 7V A N Dt LAO BONG, VlEC L A M V A Q U A N LY B A T BAI TRONG NGHIEN CtilU TRAO BOI ^ ^ [ j ]
phai tinh toan chi phi cd hoi va hieu qua
kinh te xa hoi d i y dii khi ra quyet dinh
chuyen ddi, b a n che tdi da l i y d i t nong
nghiep, nhat la dat liia cho muc dich cong
nghiep dich vu
- Thi2 tii, dieu chinh md hinh cong nghiep
hoa, do thi hoa vd to'c do thu hoi ddt gidi
phong mat bdng cho phii hdp Trong bdi
canh tai ed ca'u va chuyen ddi mo hinh tang
trudng hien nay, Thu do c i n dUde thiic hien
mo hinh cong nghiep hoa, do thi boa ben
vQng theo nguyen t i c g i n ket hUu cd giiia
cong nghiep boa, dd thi boa vdi giai quyet
ddng bo v i n de "tam nong''; phat trien nong
nghiep, nong thon hai boa ve kinh te - xa hoi
do thi moi trUdng Xay diing nen nong
nghiep Thu do theo hudng nong nghiep do
thi sinh thai, sii dung cong nghe cao va tao
ra gia tri cao, khai thac hieu qua cac nguon lUc quy gia cua Ha Noi la lao dong va dat dai Trong do, ngUdi nong dan la chii the sang tao ra cac gia tri mdi va dUdc hudng Idi ich tii qua trinh cong nghiep hoa, do thi boa
Tom lai, xii ly hdi hoa mot quan he giiia
phat trien cong nghiep, do thi vd vdn de
"tam nong"' dd Id cdch thiic ton tai trong qud khii 1000 ndm cua Thang Long, dong thdi cung Id thdch thiic phdt trien day ky vong cua Thu do Hd Noi trong hien tai vd tUdng laf Chi tren ed sd giai quyet tdt moi quan
he nay, nUdc Viet Nam, trong dd c6 Thu do
Ha Noi Thu do cua quo'c gia nong nghiep vdi hen van hien va van minh liia nUdc hang ngan nam tudi, mdi cd the canh tranh, phat trien va trUdng tdn trong thdi dai toan cau hoa va kinh te tri thiic./
6 Hoang Xuan Nghia: Phat trien kinh te hang h6a Thang Long - Ha Noi, quy luat chung va nhQng bieu hien dac thii Hoi thao Quoc te Viet Nam hoc Ian thii 2, Dai hoc Quo'c gia Ha Noi., 2009