Mdt phin quan trpng cuia van de nay ed the quy eho gia thanh eiia viec chuyen ddi I n pham dang in an sang cae khudn dang phii hpp de dd'i tUdng ngudi diing nay ed the sif dung la rat da
Trang 1Gidi thieu
Nhimg van de ddi vdi ngUdi khiem thj
Theo ke't qua dieu tra eiia Td ehufc Y
te The gidi nam 2004, tren the gidi hien
ed khoang 161 trieu ngudi mil va ngudi
nhupc thj Nhifng ngudi nay cung ed nhu
e l u dupe tiep can tdi sach bao, tin tUc,
nhu nhu c l u cua ngUdi sang m i t va
ddng gdp mdt phan vao xa hdi
Tuy nhien, ed tdi 95% lupng sach tren
the gidi khdng bao gid ed d dang ma
ngUdi mil va ngUdi nhupe thj khdng the
tie'p can va ed the dpc dupc dd la dang
sach in ed chif to, sach chtf ndi hoac am
thanh sd Tinh trang nay h l u nhU xay
ra d t i t ca cae qud'e gia, tU nUde ngheo
nhlt den nUdc giau nhat Khdng ai biet
dugc quy md, mifc dp dap ifng nhu e l u
eho ddi tupng sif dung la ngUdi khiem thj
ra sao, ehi biet mdt dieu rang nd khdng
edng bIng, khdng hpp ly
Kha ddn gian de ed the giai thich
ring, dieu dd cd nghTa la dd'i tupng ngudi
diing tin nay khdng cd eae mifc lUa chpn
eho viec dpc cuia hp Day cung chinh la
mong mudn eiia IFLA nham thue day sU
tie'p can khdng gidi han tdi thdng tin tri
thife cho ngudi khiem thj Mdt phin quan
trpng cuia van de nay ed the quy eho gia
thanh eiia viec chuyen ddi I n pham
dang in an sang cae khudn dang phii
hpp de dd'i tUdng ngudi diing nay ed the
sif dung la rat dat, mac dii nhtfng tien bd
cua cdng nghe thdng tin v i n phat trien
khdng ngUng Cung nhu vay, luat ban
quyen da tao ra nhieu rao can trong viee chia se ngudn lufc thdng tin
Su phat trien cuia Internet trong nhieu thap ky qua da tao nhieu kha nang mdi dd'i vdi viec dUa thdng tin de'n ngudi khiem thj va ngUdi khdng khiem thj, nhung mdt khao sat dupe edng bd nam
2004 bdi uiy ban Quyen Ipi eiia NgUdi tan tat ciia VUdng qud'e Anh eho thay 8 1 % eae dja ehi Web khdng dap ifng dupe nhifng yeu e l u ed ban ve kha nang tiep can thdng tin eua ngudi diing tin Va tat nhien dd'i vdi ngudi nhupc thj thi hp ludn
di sau cae dd'i tupng ngUdi dimg tin khae, tham chi trong viec tie'p can vdi may tinh Chi phi de ed dupe suf hd trp ciia edng nghe - thdng tin cung nhu gia thanh eiia may tfnh ludn la van de eho ngudi khiem thi
Ngudi khiem thj vd cimg thiet thdi bdi suf thie'u thdn sach bao va thdng tin, hdn the ntfa suf phan chia sd hda ra ddi cang lam cho quyen Ipi cuia hp bj anh hudng Can bd thU vien ed the ddng mdt phin quan trpng trong viee hUdng nhifng nd lufc eiia minh vao tinh trang m i t can bIng nay
Cac thu vien eho ngudi khiem thi
Rat khd de cd the khai quat hda ve sU khdi ngudn va tie'n trien cua eae thu vien dd'i vdi ngudi khiem thj bdi nhtfng dieu kien, hoan canh da dang eiia mdi nude tren the gidi Da ed nhifng bai vie't va bai nghien eifu dupe trinh bay d mdt sd hdi nghj eua IFLA eho thay ed rat nhieu md
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Trang 2hinh khae nhau trong viee quan ly, eung
nhu ngan sach hoat ddng ciia cae thu
vien dd'i vdi ngudi khiem thj d mpt vai
nude nhu Anh va Canada, eae thu vien
chuyen nganh eho dd'i tupng ddc gia nay
da dupe xay dufng tU the ky 19 eho tdi
nay ehung van dang hoat ddng bdi suf
hao tam eiia eae nha tU thien hoac cae
td chifc, nhtfng ngudi tinh nguyen Mdt
sd thu vien eho ngudi khiem thj d chau a
va chau Phi dUde thanh lap bdi eae nha
truyen giao d mdt vai nUde khac, loai
hinh thUvien nay dupe xay dufng va phat
trien do eac td chifc hoac trung tam phue
hdi chirc nang cho ngUdi tan tat
O My, chinh phii chju trach nhiem
giao due va dao tao ngudi khiem thj va
luat da dupe thdng qua nam 1931, ve
eung cap eac djeh vu thu vien cdng edng
mdt each binh dang vdi sU hd trp Djeh
vu Thu vien Qud'e gia danh cho ngUdi
khiem thj va ngudi tan tat d Thuy Dien
eung vay, eac djeh vu thUvien eho ngUdi
khiem thj dupe bao dam bdi luat Thu
vien chtf ndi va Sach ndi (Talking Books
and Braille Library - TPB) tdn tai nhu
mdt thue the rieng biet, nhung nd dupc
tfch hpp vao eae djeh vu thu vien Idn
dupe cap ngan quy hoat ddng bdi Nha
nude nhu mdt bd phan ciia he thdng thu
vien cdng edng Mdt sd nude khae nhu
Nam Phi, ed eae md hinh tUdng tu dang
tdn tai, d dd eac thu vien cho ngudi
khiem thj la mdt bd phan ciia dich vu thu
vien qud'e gia
Trong bat cuf bdi canh chfnh trj nao,
eae thu vien eho ngudi khiem thj la cae
Cd quan g i n nhu ddn nhat bdi vl hp
khdng ehi eung d p cac djch vu thdng tin
va thu vien cho ngudi khiem thj, ma edn
chju trach nhiem x u l t ban sach d cae
format de ngudi khiem thj cd the sir
dung Neu khdng cd eae hoat ddng nay
eiia cac thU vien thi ehi ed mpt sd lupng
r I t nhd tai lieu cho ngudi khiem thj, bdi d
h l u he't eae nUde thi trudng thuong mai
cho loai sach nay vd cimg han che V i i n canh ehung nhat la mdi qud'e gia ed mdt hoac mdt vai thU vien danh rieng eho ngudi khiem thj, va chuyen eung d p sach theo nhieu khuon dang khac nhau, nham dap ifng nhu e l u eho eac dd'i tupng ngudi khiem thj khac nhau nhu sinh vien, hpc sinh Tuy nhien, thufc te viec san xuat va eung d p dang tai lieu chuyen biet cho dd'i tupng ngudi dimg nay ndi ehung cdn han che bdi sU ton kem ve ehi phf, vl vay qui md san xuat va cung d p edn tUdng dd'i nhd va rdi rac Viec chuyen ddi tai lieu dang in sang dang cd the suf dung dupe cho ngudi khiem thj ddi hdi yeu c l u cao ve ky nang
va trang thie't bj chuyen dung
Cac thu vien eho ngUdi mil phai can nhac eung d p djch vu td't nhlt eho nhtfng ngudi d vimg sau, viing xa eua dat nude; hd trp hp trong viee lufa chpn
va eung d p sach va thdng tin; tao eho
hp ed cam giac dupe sif dung djch vu thU vien nhu nhtfng ngudi binh thudng khae trong cdng ddng xa hdi Oe thUe hien dupc chire nang nay, eac thU vien eho ngudi khiem thj phai ft nhieu ed sU hpp tac vdi cac djch vu eiia cac thU vien Idn nhu he thdng thuvlen edng cdng va giao due Trong mdt the gidi ly tudng, eae thu vien Idn se thUe hien viec dap irng nhu
e l u eho tat ea eae ddi tupng ngUdi sir dung tiem nang eiia thUvien
Tai hdi nghj IFLA duge to chUe d Glasgow nam 2002, Libraries for Blind Section (mdt bd phan eiia IFLA) da td
ehife cudc thao luan kha gay gat ve sU tdn tai eua eac thu vien chuyen biet cho mdt bd phan dan cUdae biet la mdt dang
kiem duyet Cudi cimg, da sd y kie'n eho
r i n g , eae thu vien Idn dap irng nhu c l u eho tat ca eac dd'i tUpng ngudi sir dung tiem nang va eac thu vien chuyen biet
v i n edn hifu ich eho ngudi khiem thj ThUc te, md hinh hpp tae giifa eae thU vien chuyen biet tren va cae thU vien
Trang 3cdng cdng la kha da dang Cae dai dien
d cae hdi nghj IFLA gin day de'n tU
Trinidad va Tobago, Canada, Anh, Thuy
Dien, Han Qud'c va Viet Nam da lam
sang td cae md hinh hdp tac tren dang
tdn tai nhu the nao, dd la mdt loat mdi
quan he tU td ehife tinh nguyen ve cae
duf an dac biet tdi sU hdi nhap eiia dly du
eac ITnh vufc khae dupe ngan sach eiia
ehinh phii hd trp
Trude day, eac thu vien eho ngudi
khiem thj ed khuynh hudng kha tuf nhien
la chi tap trung vao ngudi mil Trong
nhtfng nam gan day, nhieu thu vien cho
ngudi mil da nhan ra rang cac ky nang
va suf cung d p eua hp ed the la htfu ich
tUdng tuf dd'i vdi nhifng ngudi nhupc thj
khae Tuy nhien, trong mdt vai trUdng
hpp, dieu nay da dupe phan anh trong
chinh nhifng ten gpi ciia ehung, vf du:
Djeh vu ThUvien Qud'e gia eho NgUdi mil
va NgUdi tan tat eua My, Thu vien Sach
ndi va Chif ndi Braille eiia Thuy Dien
IFLA
IFLA la mdt td ehUe qud'e te difng diu
dai dien eho quyen Ipi ciia cae djeh vu
thu vien, thdng tin va ngudi sir dung cua
hp Dd la tieng ndi toan clu cuia eae
chuyen gia thu vien va thdng tin; la mdt
td ehife ddc lap, qud'c te, phi chfnh phu
va phi Ipi nhuan Muc dfeh cuia nd la:
- Nang eao chat lupng eung d p djch
vu thu vien va thdng tin;
- Khuyen khfch sU hieu bie't mdt each
rdng rai ve gia trj cuia djeh vu thUvien va
thdng tin ed chat lupng;
- Oai dien quyen Ipi cho cae thanh
vien ciia nd tren toan the gidi
De thuyet phue eho nhifng mue dfeh
nay, IFLA ludn de eao bdn gia trj cdt Idi:
+ Tan thanh nguyen tic tU do truy cap
thdng tin, tri thirc, y tudng, khai niem
nhu trong dieu 19 cua Tuyen ngdn toan
eau ve quyen eon ngudi
+ Mdi ngudi dan, edng dong va eac td chifc dupe tie'p can mdt each binh dang
va rdng rai ve thdng tin, y tudng ve xa
hdi, giao due, van hda, dan ehii va kinh te
+ Cae djeh vu thu vien va thdng tin ed chat lupng eao se bao dam eho viee truy
cap ciia ngUdi sir dung dugc nhanh va
chfnh xae hdn
+ Trao quyen tdi tat ea eae thanh vien eua Hiep hdi d eae nude de tham gia va giup fch eho mpi hoat ddng eiia Hdi ma khdng phan biet dd la ngUdi tan tat, ngudn gd'c dan tdc, gidi tfnh, vj tri dia ly, ngdn ngif, quan diem chi'nh trj, chimg tdc hoac tdn giao
IFLA eung hd trp mdt loat nhtfng Uu tien ve nganh thu vien nhu sau:
- Ong hd vai trd eiia cae thu vien trong
xa hdi
- Ung hd nguyen tic tuf do thdng tin
- Day manh xda mil thdng tin, dpe va hpe tap lau dai
- Ho trp viec tie'p can khdng han che thdng tin
- Can bIng quyen sd hifu tri tue eiia tac gia vdi nhu elu ngudi sir dung
- Thue day chia se ngudn lUe thdng tin
- Bao quan di san tri thife
- Dao tao cae chuyen gia thu vien
- Thiie day eac tieu ehuan, hudng dan
va eac ifng dung td't nhlt
- Hd trd Cd sd ha ting eho eae hiep hdi thu vien
Nhu vay ed the thay IFLA img hd manh me trong viee binh dang tie'p can thdng tin trong dd ed lien quan de'n nhung kha nang tie'p can thdng tin, dd'i vdi ngUdi khiem thi
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Trang 4Nhu ten gpi eiia minh, eae thanh vien
euia IFLA bao gdm nhifng ed quan Idn,
hien cd khoang 1.700 thanh vien Cdng
viee eiia nd la hudng dan, quan ly cae
thanh vien ehu ye'u la tren cd sd tinh
nguyen, thdng qua mot chUdng trinh
gdm mdt loat cae hoat dpng dupe coi la
mang tinh hat nhan va thdng qua cae
hoat ddng eiia eae phdng ban, bd phan
tap trung ehii ye'u vao cac khu vufc, ye'u
td dja ly va cae ITnh vufc chuyen mdn thu
vien Hang nam, IFLA td chifc dai hdi
mang ten Oai hdi Thu vien va Thdng tin
the gidi (Worid Library and Information
Congress - WLIC) va ed mdt ehUdng
trinh xuat ban eac tai lieu ciia td ehife
nay Toan bd thdng tin ve IFLA va eae tai
lieu lien quan de'n td chUe nay ed the
dupe tim thIy trong www.ifla.org
Bd phan Khiem thi cCia IFLA
Bd phan Khiem thj - mdt trong 47 bd
phan, phdng ban eiia IFLA va la mdt
thanh vien eiia Phdng III - phdng dai
dien eho cae thu vien phuc vu edng
chiing ndi ehung (phdng bao gdm nhieu
bd phan) Phdng nay dupe dat ra nham
ludn cap nhat nhifng thdng tin mdi nhat
cimg vdi nhtfng tie'n bd, phat trien cua nd
va de phdi hpp nhjp nhang vdi nhau
trong cae hoat ddng lien ke't eiia cae thU
vien cdng edng, thu vien thie'u nhi, cae
thUvien phue vu ngUdi tan tat
Bd phan Khiem thj eiia IFLA dupe
hinh thanh vao nam 1978 ehi vdi qui md
la mdt nhdm lam viee va chfnh thufc trd
thanh Bd phan vao nam 1983 Tai thdi
diem mdi thanh lap, nhdm lam viec cung
da xae djnh nhifng van de d n thue hien
nhu mdt chie'n lupe la: Su d n thie't phai
danh gia, xem xet eae ngudn tai lieu eho
ngudi khiem thj ed the dugc sii dung tren
the gidi; Xae djnh va ehuan hda eac
dang san pham thdng tin; sU d n thie't
hinh thanh mdt he thd'ng mUpn qud'e te
ed hieu qua va cudi cimg la phUdng thirc
phdi hpp de suf dung edng nghe Mae dii mdi trudng xa hpi va mdi trudng thdng tin
da cd nhiTng thay ddi dang ke, song tat
ca nhifng ke hoach ma nhdm lam viec
de ra v i n cdn mang tfnh thdi sU cho de'n ngay nay va hien tai nd van nam trong
ke hoach hoat ddng eiia Bd phan
Hien nay Bp phan Khiem thj ed khoang 79 thanh vien d 41 nude, gdm cae chuyen gia dae biet eho ngUdi khiem thj, cac thu vien Idn va eac td ehufc thu vien tu khap ndi tren the gidi Cae thanh vien cua Bd phan nay ehii ye'u d chau
Au, B l e My va eae khu vUe phat trien khac tren the gidi Ndi ed sd lupng thanh vien cao nhat la Ha Lan, Nhat Ban, Canada, Dan Mach, Tay Ban Nha va Phap Dieu nay eho thay sd lUdng eac thu vien va djch vu thU vien eho ngUdi khiem thi rat dupe quan tam d eae nUde phat trien, ddng thdi nhUng v i n cdn thie'u
d cac nude dang phat trien
Mue dfeh nhifng ke hoach ehien lUde ciia Bd phan Khiem thj la lam sao ed the thu hut them nhieu thanh vien mdi Nd eung xem xet, danh gia, md rdng pham
vi euia minh tdi nhu e l u eiia ngudi khiem thj, nham bao quat nhu c l u eiia tat ea dd'i tupng d n dupc tie'p can tdi cac djeh
vu thu vien Gid'ng nhu eac Bd phan khae eiia IFLA, Bd phan eae thUvien eho
ngUdi khiem thj dugc quan ly bdi mdt iiy
ban Thudng trufc gdm g i n 20 thanh vien dupc b l u ra, trong dd difng dau la chii tjch hdi ddng, thU ky chii tjch hdi ddng va mdt can bd thdng tin Nhung thanh vien eiia uiy ban la nhtfng tinh nguyen vien, gdm eac dai dien eiia eae thu vien eho ngudi khiem thj hoac dai dien eua cae td chifc cd hoat ddng lien quan den ngudi khiem thi d 14 nUde tren the gidi, trong
dd Phap'(2), Difc (1), Ha Lan (1), Thuy Dien (1), Oan Mach (1), P h i n Lan (1), Nga (2), Anh (2), Cdng hda Ireland (1), Nam Phi (1), Canada (1), My (2), Han Qudc (1) va Nhat (1) S u e d mat eua dai
Trang 5dien eae nudc dang phat trien hlu nhu
khdng ed
Mue dfeh cuia iiy ban thudng true la
chju trach nhiem ve viee thuc hien va
phat trien theo ke hoach eae ehien lUde
eiia Bd phan Khiem thi, va dupe kiem
tra, giam sat hai lln/nam va ciT2 nam lai
dupe thay ddi eho phii hdp vdi ehinh
sach euia IFLA
Muc dich la:
- Lam viee vdi eae td chirc dd'i tae de
xay dung mdt thu vien mang tfnh toan
elu cho ngudi khiem thj
- Tao lap va cung d p nhiTng hUdng
din va ifng dung td't nhat eho kha nang
suf dung eac djeh vu thu vien va thdng
tin
- Tie'p thj va hoat ddng hd trp cae djeh
vu thu vien dd'i vdi ngudi khiem thj
- Khuyen khfch dao tao va tie'p tue dao
tao can bd thu vien trong ITnh vufc hoat
ddng nay
Cae muc tieu nay dupc thue hien
thdng qua ke hoach hanh ddng va cae
phuong phap da dang sau: mdt ehUdng
trinh md tai WLIC hang nam, hdi thao bd
phan hang nam, td ehife cae cudc hpp
khdng thudng xuyen, thuc hien eae du
an lien quan den viee xult ban cac
nghien ciTu hoac cac tieu ehuan ve ITnh
vUe nay, tham gia vao eae hoat ddng
khae eua IFLA
Cac hoat ddng noi bat cQa Bg phan
Khiem thi:
- Djnh hudng hoat ddng
Nhu da neu d phan tren, mdt trong
nhiTng mue tieu eiia Bd phan Khiem thj
la thie't lap va hd trp nhtfng djnh hudng
phat trien, eung nhu nhirng ifng dung td't
nhlt vao thue tiin trong eac djch vu thu
vien va thdng tin Dieu nay da dat dupe
mdt sd ke't qua trong nhtfng nam gin
day bang mdt loat eac dU an nghien eifu
vdi quT hoat ddng true tie'p tU IFLA Dd la eac nghien eiru nhU: HUdng dan truy cap
va mupn lien thu vien cae dang tai lieu khae nhau, Cac thU vien eho ngUdi khiem thj trong thdi dai thdng tin: nhtfng dudng Id'i eho suf phat trien; Thie't ke va xay dung he thd'ng thu vien sd dupe tfch hdp: nhiTng hudng din Ben canh dd, eac cudc hdi thao cung eung d p nhtfng phan trinh bay htfu fch ve ifng dung thufc tiin cd the phuc vu tdi dd'i tUdng ngudi diing nay mdt each rdng rai Ngoai ra cdn ed mdt sd nghien eifu khae dupe trinh bay nhU: Cac thu vien va edng tac giao due trong thdi ky so: phue vu ngudi khiem thj d vimg Caribe va My la tinh (hdi thaoACURIL/IFLALBS, 2002), Suy nghT ve van ve truy cap va ve cae thu
vien (hdi thao dugc td chifc tai Dai hdi
Lien doan NgUdi khiem thj tren the gidi)
- Qng dung edng nghe sd vao phat trien eac san pham, djch vu thUvien Cdng nghe sd da lam thay ddi ca cac djeh vu thu vien va thdng tin dupe td chifc va phan phdi, chif khdng chi rieng dd'i vdi dich vu eho ngudi khiem thj Thufc
te, ft khi cae thu vien danh cho ngUdi khiem thj tu san xuat sach eho dd'i tupng ngudi dimg nay Bd phan Khiem thj eua IFLA ludn quan tam de'n nhtfng phat trien eiia cdng nghe trong tie'n trinh chuyen dang tai lieu phue vu ngudi khiem thj cho ngay cang cd hieu qua Trong nhtfng nam qua, nhieu cudc hdi thao va trien lam euia Bd phan Khiem thj da trinh bay nhieu duf an ed tfnh chat sang kie'n, ddi mdi trong ITnh vUc san xuat chif ndi, anh xuc giac (cam nhan bIng xue giac), tai lieu in ed chif to
Lfu viet hdn, Bd phan Khiem thj la noi sinh ra sach ndi sd (digital audio book) Hien dupe hdn 70 ed quan, td ehufc d 40 qud'c gia tren the gidi suf dung Suf phat trien cuia DAISY da trd thanh mdt chuan qud'c te cho phUdng tien truy cap sd
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Trang 6Hien tai, Bd phan Khiem thj dang tie'p tue
tap trung vao cdng viee ifng dung cac
cdng nghe mdi vao eung d p eac san
pham td't hdn va cd che, ky thuat phan
phdi tien Ipi hdn Cac thanh vien cua hp
dang tim kiem tiem nang cua cae san
pham sd, giao dien sd, kho chifa file sd,
san pham va sU phan chia cac loai sach
theo yeu d u , phan phdi dien tir va vai
trd trong tUdng lai ciia cae thU vien trong
ky nguyen sd
Vdi edng nghe mdi va re hdn, md hinh
truyen thd'ng ve hoat ddng ghi am theo
yeu d u cd the dupe thay the bang
phUdng phap mdi, nhu vay sach cd the
dupe san xuat d dang ed the suf dung
dupe hoac cd the phan phat den ngUdi
tieu dimg dUa tren yeu e l u eua hp
Bd phan Khiem thj da td ehufc cac
cudc hdi thao d Stockport (1999) va
Glasgow (2002) chuyen de ve chia se
kinh nghiem trong viec phat trien thu
vien sd Chu de nay dupe coi la quan
trpng de'n miTc ma nd h l u nhU dugc de
cap de'n trong h l u he't cac chUdng trinh
hdi thao Cdng viee tien phong ciia Vien
Qudc gia Canada cho ngUdi khiem thj
(CNIB) la phat trien mdt he thd'ng thU
vien sd tfch hpp, vdi sU hd trd eiia
Microsoft Dieu nay da thiic day Bd phan
Khiem thj euia IFLA xuat ban cud'n Thie't
ke va Xay dUng He thd'ng thU vien sd tfch
hpp vao nam 2005 He thd'ng mdi nay
dupc trinh diin tai mdt d i i n dan do
Microsoft td ehire d Redmond,
Washington vao thang 11/2004 cho eac
thanh vien cuia Lien hiep DAISY va Bd
phan Khiem thj ciia IFLA
- Van ddng hanh lang va phdi hpp
hoat ddng
O mufc dp qudc gia va qud'e te, Bd
phan Khiem thj da lam viee rat tfch cue
de tranh thii sur img hd, hd trp tU cae
ehinh phii va cac td chUe qudc te Mdt
trong nhtfng mue dich quan trpng la sU
anh hudng, tac ddng cuia hp dd'i vdi luat ban quyen, de khdng bj ngan can viee chuyen thdng tin sang nhiTng dang tai lieu eho ngUdi khiem thj ed the sijf dung dupc hoac cd the chia se, trao ddi qudc
te nhiTng tai lieu nay Lam viee ciing vdi Lien Hiep DAISY va iiy ban cae van de
ve Luat va Ban quyen ciia IFLA (IFLA's Copyright and Legal Matters Committee), Bd phan Khiem thj da gay dupc anh hudng eua minh tdi Lien minh chau Au va Td ehufc Sd hifu Trf tue The gidi (Worid Intellectual Property organi-zation - WIPO) Ket qua la, WIPO da de xuat mdt md hinh luat ban quyen gdm nhung ngoai le dd'i vdi tai lieu eho ngudi khiem thj Ngoai ra, Bd phan nay edn thanh cdng trong viee phdi hpp vdi Hiep hdi Ngudi Mil The gidi de tae ddng tdi Hiep hdi Buu dien Toan e l u bao ve quyen dupe miin phf gufi thU qud'c te qua bUu dien cho ngudi mil
- Thu vien eho ngUdi khiem thj tren toan e l u
Khdng nUde nao tren the gidi ed the ndi rang ngudi khiem thj d nude hp dupe sir dung djeh vu thU vien mdt each binh dang, va hien tai t i t ca cae thUvien eho ngudi khiem thj deu phai chju suf thieu thdn ngudn tai lieu VI the, dieu quan trpng bay gid la tat ca cae thu vien phai ciing nhau lam viee va chia se ngudn tai lieu nay Tai mdt d i i n dan d Redmond, Washington vao thang 11/2004, cae thanh vien ciia Lien hiep DAISY va Bd phan Khiem thj eiia IFLA da thda thuan
r i n g ea hai td ehUe mudn lam viec cimg nhau theo each hudng tdi mdt thu vien
ao toan d u eho ngudi khiem thj Nhifng
v i n de nay gdm: lien ke't phat trien vd'n tai lieu, kha nang truy cap td't hdn tdi cac catalog cua cae thu vien khac, thue hien mupn lien thu vien Ket qua la ngudi diing ed the suf dung mdt each de dang hdn eac loai sach va se giam dupe van
de triing ban khi bd sung gitfa eae eo
Trang 7quan, td chifc
- Hd trd cae nude dang phat trien
Bd phan Khiem thj ludn quan tam dae
biet trong viee img hd cac nude dang
phat trien Rao chan ve ehi phf da ngan
can thanh vien tU nhtfng nude nay tham
gia vao cae suf kien eiia IFLA Bd phan
Khiem thi eung dang tim kie'm sU hpp tac
mdt each manh me hdn tU nhufng nude
ngheo tren the gidi Trong nhieu nam
qua, cae cudc hdi nghj giifa nam cua uiy
ban Thudng trufc dupe td ehire tai mdt sd
nude dang phat trien, hdi nghj thudng
thufc hien vai trd la nhan td xiie tae thuc
d l y cho cae cudc hdi thao hoac hdi nghj
d dia phUdng hoac trong vimg Ke't qua
la da ed eac eude hdi thao dupc td ehife
d Rabat (2002) Zagreb (2003), va
Vilnius (2004) Bd phan Khiem thj edn
phdi hpp vdi quy FORCE tham gia vao
cae du an phat trien khac, ddng thdi hpp
sufc vdi Quy Ulverscroft ciia Anh de td
chirc mdt giai thudng "iTng dung td't nhat"
tren toan e l u Nhifng ngudi doat giai
thudng da thUe hien du an mdt each hiTu
fch trong viee hd trp cae nude dang phat
trien
- Phat trien dpi ngu nhan vien
Mdt thanh td quan trpng trong tat ea
eac cdng viec dugc md ta d tren la sUtan
tam trong dao tao va phat trien nhan
vien Ndi ehung, ed rat ft thu vien cho
ngudi khiem thj (hoac cae trung tam, td
ehUe tUdng tu nhU vay) hoat ddng
chuyen nghiep d mdi nude, vl vay mdt
trong cac hoat ddng nUa cuia Bd phan
Khiem thj la hd trp tfnh chuyen nghiep
eho cae thu vien nay Bat dau tU eude hdi
nghj d i u tien ve chuyen mdn d Marburg
nam 1983, cho den g i n day, Bd phan
Khiem thj da td chifc djnh ky hai nam
mdt l l n ve van de nay, dd la Washington
DC (2001); Marburg - Dufc (2003) va
Gothenburg - Thuy Dien (2005),
Grahamstown - Nam Phi (2007) H l u
nhu ndi dung eua eac hdi nghj da dUpc dua len trang Web ciia Bd phan Khiem thj Sd lupng ngudi tham gia mdi hdi nghj khoang tU 100 de'n 150 ngudi, va hdi nghj dupe danh gia la d i i n dan ly tudng cho viec hpc tap ve kie'n thirc va kinh nghiem trong ITnh vuc chuyen mdn nay Giai thudng "ifng dung tdt nhat" dupc ddng td ehife vdi Quy Ulverscroft vao cae nam 2003, 2004, 2006 (nhU da de cap d tren) da tao cd hdi eho mdi ca nhan lam viee vdi mdt thUvien eho ngudi khiem thj khae nhau d eac ndi tren the gidi trong mdt thdi gian n g l n Ke't thuc eude thi, ed 5 ngudi dupe nhan giai thudng thude eae nudc Nam Phi, Nigeria, Nauy va Anh Cach thife lam viec nay da tang eudng mdi quan he gitfa eac thu vien va tao cae ed hdi phat trien cho eae ea nhan tham gia eude thi Tat nhien la khdng phai tat ea mpi ngudi deu ed ed hdi tham gia eae cudc hdi nghj, hdi thao qud'e te hoac ed ed hdi gap gd trufc tie'p vdi ddng nghiep d eae nude khac nhau Bd phan Khiem thj da suf dung ca hai phUdng phap truyen thd'ng va hien dai de eung d p kinh nghiem bang each da xuat ban ban tin ndi bd theo djnh ky hai nam mdt l l n bang cae thif tie'ng Anh, Nga va Tay Ban Nha, hoac cd the tu do truy cap tren trang Web cua IFLA eung nhu d tai lieu dang in va dang ndi eiia DAISY Cac bai bao chfnh thirc dupe dang tai tren trang Web eiia Bd phan Khiem thj qua Website eua IFLA vdi dja ehi vvww.ifla.org/WII/s31/index.htm
Ket luan
Su tie'n trien eae mue tieu eua Bd phan Khiem thj cd the chUa nhanh ne'u khdng ndi la edn cham, bdi nhtfng han ehe ve ngan sach va suf lien ket ed thien ehf giifa eae thanh vien NhUng nhtfng
Xem tiep trang 71
78
Trang 8sd ngudi lai eho rang thanh vien thUvien
nen gidi han d nhdm dac biet Cac quan
diem khac chi ra viec thie'u hieu bie't ciia
con ngudi ve vai trd eiia mdt thU vien
qud'e gia
Trong khung Luat LUu chieu, chi
nhtfng tai lieu in la phai nop lUu chieu
Luat lUu chieu khdng bao ham ca cae tai
lieu nhu bang dTa, film Luat LUu chieu
dugc dua tren 3 S i c lenh (1) Sac lenh
ve bao nam 1939 (2) Sac lenh ve in an
va xult ban nam 1885 va (3) Luat in an
nam 1902 khdng dupe sira ddi va dUa ra
ap dung tU dd
Trong ehUdng trinh trao ddi qud'e te,
SLNLSB ludn yeu e l u eae td chifc giri
b i t ky tai lieu tie'ng Anh nao cho Thu
vien, nhung mdt vai td ehufc khdng thue
hien dung yeu c l u nay Thu vien mong
mudn trao ddi xuat ban pham tie'ng
Phap, Difc nhUng lai nhan dupc cac tai
lieu tieng Trung Qudc, Han Qudc la
nhtfng tai lieu ft ngudi quan tam Tuy
nhien, cae xuat ban pham v i n dang
dupc gifi deu dan de'n Thu vien Qud'c
gia
Cd nhieu khd khan phai dd'i mat vdi suf
thay ddi eiia xa hdi tang nhanh Xa hdi
thay ddi nhanh chdng va thu vien qud'e
gia cac nude the gidi thif ba dang phai
dd'i mat vdi nhtfng khd khan va thach
thifc mdi Mdt loat nhtfng thay ddi xa hdi
nhu bao ve ngudi tieu dung, quyen cdng
bang cho phu nif, phan biet chiing tdc,
phat trien giao due, ngudi tan tat, thay
ddi nghe nghiep, nan that nghiep, an
toan sife khde rat de de tim kie'm thdng
tin, bao ve mdi trudng ed the dupe dat ra
Mdi sU thay ddi tao ra nhifng nhu c l u
khae nhau hoac md rdng them cac djch
vu khae nhau va tao ra mdt loat cae hinh
thai mdi de dap Ung nhifng nhu e l u mdi
Kei luan
Bat chap nhtfng van de khd khan, Thu
vien Qudc gia da hoan thanh mpt lupng
edng viee rat Idn trong vdng 50 nam qua Dae biet la viee len ke hoach, img dung
va duy tri cac dU an la thir thach Idn Ngay nay tat ea eac thanh tUu da dat
dugc, nhifng phat trien vUdt bae eua ITnh
vUc djeh vu thu vien va xuat ban la deu
ed sur ddng gdp hieu qua eiia SLNLSB
AN KHANH lugc dich theo:
"National Library in the knowledge based society"
THUVIEN CHO NGUOI KHIEM THL
Tie'p thep trang 78
anh hudng tfch cue ciia nd la phii hdp vdi mdi quan tam cua eae thanh vien va tap trung vao nhifng ke't qua ifng dung Mae dii edn nhieu khd khan, Bd phan Khiem thj van hoat ddng tfch cure va ehii ddng trong sudt hdn hai mUdi nam qua Tuy nhien, cac thU vien eho ngUdi khiem thj
v i n dang phai dd'i mat vdi nhifng khd khan nhU: Lieu hp ed dap ufng dUde nhtfng nhu e l u ngay cang tang eiia sd lupng ngUdi khiem thj hay khdng? Nhu
e l u ciia dd'i tupng ngudi dimg nay cd
dugc dap irng mdt each hieu qua
khdng? Day la nhifng eau hdi e I n cd Idi giai dap, ddng thdi, c i n cd them nhieu suf iing hd, benh vUc dau tranh vl quyen ldi cho nhtfng ngUdi khiem thj ve ITnh vufc nay trong thdi gian tdi
N G U Y I N TRONG PHUONG
Theo tai lieu nude ngoai