Advanced Computer Architecture - Lecture 1: Introduction. This course of Advanced Computer Architecture has been developed with the assumption that the students have basic knowledge of: digital logic design, computer organization and design, programming model of microprocessor; memory and input/output interfacing with the microprocessor and fundamentals of Computer Architecture;...
Trang 1CS 704
Advanced Computer
Architecture
Lecture 1
Trang 3Advanced Computer
Architecture
Trang 4VU-Advanced Computer
Computer System
Trang 5Computer Architecture
Verses Organization
Trang 7Academic History
1945 ENIAC
the World’s First
operational calculator
Trang 9Commercial History
1949 – 51 UNIVAC-I
$1 Million
Trang 10VU-Advanced Computer
Commercial History … Cont’d
1952 - 63 IBM-701 CDC 6600
PDP-8
Trang 11station PC Server
Trang 13Course Focus
Instruction set Architectures
Trang 17Course Focus
Storage and I/O
Systems
Trang 20The hardware/software interface
Hennessy and Petterson
Trang 23Topic Coverage
Fundamentals of Computer Design Ch 1
Instruction Set Principles Ch 2
Computer H/W Design (Review) (Lec Notes/ App A)
Inst Level Parallelism (Dynamic Approach) Ch 3
Inst Level Parallelism (Software approach) Ch 4
Memory Hierarchy Design Ch 5
I/O and Storage System Ch 7
Interconnection Networks Ch 8 and Ch.6 and multiprocessors
Trang 25Four Perspective of Computer Architecture
Input/Output and Storage
Memory Hierarchy
Processor Design
Multiprocessor and
Network Interconnection
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Processor Design: Computer Architecture Perspective Cont’d
Processor
Design
Pipelining, Instruction Level Parallelism, Hazard Resolution,
Superscalar , Reordering, Prediction, Speculation, Vector, DSP
Addressing modes and Protection
VLSI L1 Cache
Instruction Set Architecture
Cache design, block size and associativity
Trang 27Memory Hierarchy: Computer Architecture Perspective Cont’d
Input/Output
and Storage
Memory Hierarchy
Multiprocessor and Network Interconnection
Pipelining, ILP
Processor Design
Emerging Technologies Interleaving
Bus protocols
Virtual Memory
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I/O and Storage : Computer Architecture Perspective
Multiprocessor and Network Interconnection
Pipelining, ILP etc.
Trang 29Multiprocessor and Networks: Computer Architecture Perspective
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Computer Design Cycle
Performance Technology and Cost
Trang 31Computer Design Cycle
Evaluate Existing Systems for Bottlenecks
Benchmarks
Performance
Technology and cost
The computer design is evaluated for
bottlenecks using certain benchmarks to
achieve the optimum performance
1
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Time/Latency: The wall clock or CPU
Trang 33Performance (Measuring Tools) … Design Cycle Cont’d
Trang 34VU-Advanced Computer
Computer Design Cycle
Evaluate Existing Systems for Bottlenecks using Benchmarks
keeping the result verification
Trang 35Technology Trends: Computer Generations
Vacuum tube 1946-1957 1 st Gen Transistor - 1958-1964 2 nd Gen Small scale integration 1965-1968
Trang 36VU-Advanced Computer
Technology Trends: Processor Transistor density
Trang 37Technology Trends: Processor Performance
Microprocessors
Minicomputers
Mainframes Supercomputers
Year
0.1 1 10 100 1000
1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000
Performance of Microprocessor
is more than supercomputer
Trang 38VU-Advanced Computer
Computer Design Cycle
Implement Next Generation System
Implementation Complexity
2: Technology
The systems are implemented using the
latest technology to obtain cost effective, high performance solution - the
implementation complexities are given due consideration
Trang 39Price Verses Cost