(SKKN 2022) Some methods in writing the paragraph in english in grade 6

NONG CONG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAININGMINH NGHIA SECONDARY SCHOOL THE INITIATIVE EXPERIENCE SOME METHODS IN WRITING THE PARAGRAPH... Methods of writing a paragraph in english at

NONG CONG DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING

MINH NGHIA SECONDARY SCHOOL

THE INITIATIVE EXPERIENCE

SOME METHODS IN WRITING THE PARAGRAPH

1 INRODUCTION 1

1.1 The reason for choosing the topic 1

1.2 The purpose of research 2

1.3 Study subjects 2

1.4 Research methodology 2

2 CONTENTS OF THE INITIATIVE EXPERIENCE 2

2.1 Rationale of the initiative experience 2

2.2 Status of the problem before applying the initiative experience 3

2.3 The solutions were used to solve the problem 4

2.3.1 Requests of the teacher 4

2.3.2 Requests of the students 4

2.3.3 Social understanding and skills: 5

2.3.4 Methods of writing a paragraph in english at secondary school 5

2.3.5 Structures and implementation of a paragraph written in English 5

2.3.6 The structure of a paragraph can be summarized as follows: 7

2.3.7 Some genres of writing a paragraph in English 8

2.4 The effect of initiative experience for education activities, with myself the colleagues and the school 13

3 IN CONCLUSION AND REQUESTS 13

3.1 In Conclusion 13

3.2 Requests 14

REFERENCES 15

CATEGORY EXPERIMENTAL EXPECTED TOPICS LEARNED BY THE ASSESSMENT LEVEL OF SENIOR 16

1 INRODUCTION

1.1 The reason for choosing the topic

Nowadays, foreign languages play a very important role in many areas In

"foreign languages", English is the most common foreign language intransactions, relations and diplomatic relations among countries in the world Itbecomes the native language of many countries, the language of communicationbetween people and people around the world

Vietnam is a developing country, and by 2025 it will become an industrialcountry Therefore, it requires the necessaries for a comprehensive humandevelopment, both in the fields of development and development English hasbecome a powerful tool in communicating with many countries, which is a toolthat facilitates integration into the international community and regional access

to international information and science and technology approaches to othercultures Each other as well as important international events

As we all know in middle school now, the method of communicatingEnglish teaching has achieved some effectiveness Communication methods arebeing encouraged to use to develop all four skills: listening, speaking,reading,writing

English teachers, more than anyone, must understand that writing aparagraph is a difficult skill for learners, it requires the teacher to master theeffective teaching method and implement the principle of "Learning withpractice" In addition, writing a paragraph is a comprehensive test of students'knowledge because they have to apply the words and grammatical structuresthey have learned in their writing It is clear that writing skills are extremelyimportant

Writing a paragraph in “I –LEARN SMART WORLD”is often said to bedifficult and complex work for both teachers and students Although differentfrom speaking, while writing, students have time to think and can change whatthey have written, but it is harder to write in that it has to be carefully refinedand followed a process and very strict conventions Another important pointthat requires the writer to pay special attention is why they have to write andwrite to whom or what object, based on which students have to brainstorm tochoose words, find the right ideas and organize your ideas together for a logical,well-written article content After having these materials, students have to writedrafts, re-read drafts seriously, revise areas they have not satisfied or notsatisfied Students may have to rewrite and read to correct errors

In English 6“I –LEARN SMART WORLD” the student's writing process is under strict teacher control with ten different titles such as :

HOME ,SCHOOL,FRIENDS,FESTIVALS ….and CITIES AROUND THE WORLD.That is one of the reasons why in some writing topics, students are not provided with a sample article but only a few suggestions about the content, and the choice of language form and style of writing how students can freely or independently perform

For the above reasons, especially through the fact teaching at Minh NghiaSecondary School, self-study, self-improvement I decided to implement the

initiative in the academic year 2021 - 2022 with the theme: "Some methods in

writing the paragraph in English in grade 6” In the hope of contributing his

small part in teaching English more effectively Looking forward to your

suggestions, constructive reading

1.2 The purpose of research

As a teacher teaching English at Minh Nghia Secondary School, I want toimprove the quality of English lessons in particular and improve the quality ofeducation in general, the above issues make me especially special toothpick.And that is the reason that I research, explore to find the optimal solution toapply to the teaching practice, bringing the highest effectiveness in teachingEnglish 6 “I –LEARN SMART WORLD” in class

- Product research methods

- The methods of summing up experience

2 CONTENTS OF THE INITIATIVE EXPERIENCE

2.1 Rationale of the initiative experience

Language is a form of communication, learning a foreign language islearning to use words in communication, forming communication skills inEnglish Therefore, the teacher must determine the relationship betweenknowledge and skills, the two main components of the content of teaching.Skill is the center, the ultimate goal of teaching, knowledge is the condition,the means

At secondary school Students are very innocent, eager to play exciting,fun They will feel suffocated if they are too rigid Besides, they are also eager

to learn, explore, discover

Understanding this with the responsibility of being a teacher, I always try

to find out how to teach simple, easy to understand, impress children so they canabsorb without feeling tired, hard to always create air "learn to play, play tolearn" In addition, I think encouragement and caring will make them believeand try harder in their studies, always showing them the importance of thesubject and giving them confidence Consciousness from which to create astrong driving force urge hard work diligence and effort

However, my school is mostly rural children, the economic conditions are

so much difficult, the investment in material as well as the time spent onchildren's education is not met In addition to class time, the children also have

to help their parents with the housework and on the farm, not have time to learn

by themselves Parents' interest in parenting is limited The sense of learning of

a small group of children has not met, the method of learning is not suitable, notwell combined the skills required by the lesson, resulting in the quality oflearning is limited

Facing this difficulty is a teacher who directly teaches the English subject

I am always awared and anxious to find out the learning methods for mystudents to learn better than the students in learning I am still weak, lessEnglish, so in the course of teaching I always learn self-refreshing speciallearning co-workers to find appropriate methods in teaching, take appropriatemeasures for children Students love, study hard and learn effectively inEnglish6“I –LEARN SMART WORLD” With the desire to improve the quality

of teaching English at Minh NghiaSecondary School and through teachingpractice I have researched and applied the number of practical solutions bestsuited to the reality of the school as well as the learning conditions of studentsand achieved good results The very clear progress in student learning shownthrough the tests is motivating and enabling myself to complete this initiative

2.2 Status of the problem before applying the initiative experience

Minh Nghia Secondary School is the inter-commune school of NongCong district, which is concerned with education by all levels of education,especially the school's board of directors, who are very interested in teachingEnglish subjects, creating everything The best possible for teachers and studentsabout facilities as well as teaching aids and time funds including extracurricular The English teaching team in the school is composed of threecomrades who are well above the standard, have a high sense of responsibilityand always perform well in their professional activities, especially discussing,building and exchanging teaching ideas.To get the best instruction, studentslearn the most effectively Besides the advantages that the school also manydifficulties are:

My school is a residential area of communes in the remote area of thedistrict, the local people in the three communes are still poor, and the economy

is still very difficult, so the impact on the quality of learning of students more.Some parents do not realize the importance of learning English, so they have notinvested properly, have little interest in studying their children and aresometimes entrusted to the school Facilitate your child's learning

Thus, the good teaching of listening-speaking-reading-writing skills andespecially the writing a paragraph skills are essential for the grade 6 students canuse and communicate better So how to teach effectively "writing a paragraph"skills is not easy for English teachers in general and for myself in particular

Through the results statistics I tested the students in classes 6A, 6B

after finishing unit 1 English 6 “I –LEARN SMART WORLD” Write a paragraph (50-60 words) about your hometownUnit 1 –Leson 3 –period 9 (PAGE 13).

Excellent Quite good Average Weak Poor

number % number % number % number % number %

2.3 The solutions were used to solve the problem

2.3.1 Requests of the teacher

Teachers naturally play a key role in determining the success of thisprocess because they are the instructors, guide the way, and manage, supervisethe process of progress and test the results In particular, in my opinion, theteacher should ensure the following aspects:

- Having solid knowledge of writing skills in general and paragraphs inparticular This is reflected in the teacher's understanding of this skill, the ability

to apply effectively, in addition to the understanding of socio-culturalknowledge, especially British-American culture, ability to think in the style ofwriting in English

- Having strong pedagogical skills, the ability to impart easy tounderstand, simple, know how to apply many approaches when impartingknowledge to students, especially the ability to manage and control learningactivities of students born

- Be active in writing patterns, modeling articles, leading students tothinking methods Especially, we have to mention the ability to check andevaluate the results of students after assigning jobs Normally, this processrequires teachers to invest a lot of time when they have to read each sentence,each article of each student, then edit, explain, comment In general, whenteaching writing, one of the requirements On this side of the teacher isperseverance, perseverance to read all of the student's lesson, perseverance tocontinue the process, not surrender when the student is too slow to progress

2.3.2 Requests of the students

Writing a paragraph in the form of essay is considered to be a form of essaythat helps to comprehensively assess the level and ability of the learner, andtherefore can be seen to do well this form requires a lot of things for students:

- Grammar: students need to have a relatively complete knowledge ofgrammar, familiar with basic grammar topics like tenses, Present simple ,Futuresimple,Present continuous , conditional 1 sentences, Modal verbs , prepositions,articles, conjunctions, some grammatical structures, common clauses In the

case of students losing their roots, not grasping the basic grammar knowledge, itwill take a lot of time in teaching ants new knowledge of writing skills whilestrengthening grammar knowledge.

- Vocabulary: students need to have a certain vocabulary about generaltopics, knowledge of word types, word structure, basic sentence structure Thisamount of vocabulary will be a source of capital for students to use in theirwriting process, of course, the amount of how much it depends will be on eachstudent, for students who know too little vocabulary, it will be difficult.multiplied many times

2.3.3 Social understanding and skills:

A good writing student needs good social understanding, even calledliving capital These social knowledge help students know the right directionwhen writing, know how to create the information needed to document thearticle Besides, students will know how to express independent thinking,standard attitude, respect for cultural and legal values, respect the community

when putting information into the article For example in Unit 6 writing page 53

-Unit 6 Community Services Lesson 3 - writing : “Use the notes to write

a paragraph about the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)”, of course,

students will have to use their personal knowledge to make ideas Ideallyfeasible and feasible: There are too many problems about pollution ofenvironment around us , we must protect wildlife and the environment , wemake sure everyone has enough food and we we should reduce food waste , takepart in events and donate money …

In addition, students need to have a little skill capital for writing sentencestyle sentences, avoiding sentences in the style of "Vietnamized" because it isinferred by translating "word by word" into Vietnamese

2.3.4 Methods of writing a paragraph in english at secondary school

To write a paragraph, first, you need to understand the lay out andarrangement of details in a paragraph and not "think how to write" like somestudents often do

2.3.5 Structures and implementation of a paragraph written in English

A paragraph is a series of sentences that develop, support, and prove an idea;and this is usually the topic sentence of the paragraph The remaining sentences

develop, explain and illustrate this topic sentence (supporting sentences).The

concluding sentence, the sentence that usually ends at the end of the paragraph, isthe sentence that summarizes the main idea of that paragraph by other

A Topic sentences

Topic sentences are usually the first sentence in each paragraph, and aresentences:

1 Tell the subject of a paragraph

2 The most general in the paragraph

3 Limit the topic to one or more controlling ideas, which can be discussedwithin the context of a paragraph In other words, the rest of the paragraphexplains, defines, clarifies, and illustrates these specific ideas

In short, topic sentences usually have two main parts: the topic (topic) and the sub topic (controlling ideas).

Topic sentence

1.Introduce the topic in the paragraph

2.Be the most general sentence in the paragraph

3.Contains

* Controlling ideas that the following sentences in the paragraph will

explain/ define/ clarify/ illustrate

* A controlling idea is a word or phrase that the reader can ask questions

about: How? Why? In what ways? What does that mean?

Read the examples of the following topic sentences, and explanations andquestions in italics for further understanding

1 It is very exciting to be in a foreign country

Topic: Your vacation abroad

Controlling ideas: which place you visit , your idea on your trip

Why? In what ways?

2 There are several funny superstitions in my country about how homesmight be like

Topic: homes in the future

Controlling ideas: there are smart homes

What are they? How minght they change ?

So sentences with the following characteristics are often not the subjectsentences of a paragraph

B Supporting sentences

Notice that the sentence develops supporting sentences that demonstratethe topic sentence Therefore, they provide more detailed information, andexplain, or illustrate by examples or facts, statistics or quotations or

John dances, and sings an English song (John dances, and sings a song.)

He can speak French, but he can't write it well.

(He may speak French, but he cannot write well.)

He wasn’t feeling well, so the teacher sent him home early

(He's not feeling well, so the teacher let him go home early;

* And, but, so cannot be used to start a sentence, but must use otherlinking words

And  in addition, furthermore, also

But  however, on the other hand,

So  therefore, as a result

C Concluding sentence

Concluding statements often summarize the main points of a paragraph,

or otherwise rephrase the topic sentence of the paragraph, or indicate youropinion / comment on the topic and usually begin with the transition words

continue as in summary, in conclusion, in short,,,,

The concluding sentence

1 Signals the end of the paragraph

2 Summarizes the main points of the paragraph/ restates the topicsentence without copying exactly

3 Gives a final comment on the topic

2.3.6 The structure of a paragraph can be summarized as follows:

reasons, examples, facts, statistics,

Concluding sentence (Restatement of the topic sentence / summary ofthe main points)

2.3.7 Some genres of writing a paragraph in English

1 Describing people

1.1 Physical characteristics

- General appearance: pretty, beautiful, charming, good- looking, handsome, tall, short , big , fat , thin …

- Face: thin, long, angular, round, plump,…

- Nose: big , small

- Eyes: small, round, large, narrow, blue,…

- Complexion: dark, smooth, fair, pale, rough,…

- Hair: long, straight, curly, wavy, blonde, light/ dark brown,

- Height: tall, short, small, be of medium/average height,…

Example : Picture 1 : long , brown , straight

The girl has long straight brown hair

Eyes

PicIture 1 : She has big black eyes

Describing appearance

1 ……… - ……… 2 ……… - ……… 3 ……… - ……….

Example : Picture 1 : Tall and short

This boy is tall but this girl is short

1.2 Character

- Friendly, selfish , helpful ,caring, punctual, cheerful, tolerant, independent, shy,confident, sociable, honest, smart, sensitive, humorous, lazy, strict, …

Note: When describing people, we should not describe discrete

characteristics but must know how to combine Write the sentence long enough,and use the matching words to connect

- She is a tall, slim woman with a pale complexion, fair hair, and brown eyes

- Jimmy has a long face, which makes him look slightly miserable all thetime

Describing personality

Questions: What is she / he like ?

Example : This is Peter He is funny and generous

This is Mary She is hard-working

* Linking words:

- The same idea: also, besides, and,so, in addition, and, as well, as well as,…

-Contrast: but, although, despite, in spite of, however,…

Write the suitable word for each picture.