Relatio nship betwee n getting a parttime job and hanoi universi ty student

Our research was conducted on the students of Hanoi University HANU, mainly at Faculty of Management and Tourism FMT, and some other faculties FIT, FIS, foreign language faculties to fi

1204010043120401 0013 120401 0051 120401 0080 120401 0007 120401 0004 120401 0113

1

Relatio nship betwee

n getting

a time job and Hanoi universi

part-ty student s’ study results (via GPA)

Anh Nguyễn Diệu Anh Đặng Hồng Vân

ABSTRACT

In the modern life nowadays, the number of students participating in part time job is

considerably popular, especially in big cities Having a part-time job can enrich students' life abroad as well as helping them become more independent However, it seems that a part-time job may pose a negative influence on study.

Our research was conducted on the students of Hanoi University (HANU), mainly at Faculty of Management and Tourism (FMT), and some other faculties (FIT, FIS, foreign language

faculties) to find out HANU students' part-time job status, their attitude about part-time job, and its relationship with their study results.In order to answer this research questionnaire, a

questionnaire was compiled and the collected data was analyzed In term of the results of the survey, the majority of students think that having a part-time job is very important to the life abroad Also, having a part-time job may influence study Therefore, some further discussion and useful suggestions will be given as well.

I INTRODUCTION

With the growing necessities of life, changing social and cultural context, it is hard for graduates

to find a good job Therefore, having a part-time job after class may be a good option for

students to gain more valuable experience for their future job after graduating Moreover,

students can earn more money to reduce their families’ financial burden Some interviewees whoare asked about their part time job firm that they can widen social relationship and improve somenecessary soft skills However, some people are worrying that the part-time job may be

dangerous, pose a negative influence on their studies, and waste their time How to handle a time job and how to balance it with studying becomes a significant question Proper

part-arrangements for studying and part-time job can make college students enjoy working for a company and enrich their references Therefore, to get deeper insights into students’ issues, we

had implemented a project called “Relationship between getting a part-time job and Hanoi university students’ study results” As a result, we hopefully offer some recommendations which

they can apply to improve their outcomes Our project was specifically carried out step by step from designing, delivering, collecting, analyzing data and giving out recommendation Applying our knowledge of Statistics theories, we process data by means of both Descriptive Statistics (using numerical and graphical methods to summarize and presenting data by numbers of charts and tables) and Inferential Statistics (using t-test for population mean to test the hypothesis) Finally, we came into conclusion that the advantages of having part-time job are outweigh its disadvantages Besides enjoying a part-time job, students should also focus on their studies

II RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

1 POPULATION AND SAMPLE

The main objectives of our project are to inspect the percentage of Hanoi University’s students who are doing part time jobs and to compare the GPA between them and other graduates from our university Hence, we focus on collecting the data from various faculties of Hanoi University

In order to complete this goal, we randomly selected a sample of 80 students of different majors

to get involved in this project

intended to undertake a moderate-scale project so that we can minimize the external factors moreeasily To sum up, the sample size of 80 Hanoi university students is the most appropriate

4 SAMPLING METHOD AND DATA COLLECTION

A) SAMPLING METHOD

In order to gather data for our project, we delivered questionnaire to 80 students These 80 graduates were randomly selected from numerous Hanoi university faculties’ students such as Faculty of Management and Tourism, Faculty of International Studies, Faculty of Information Technology and Foreign Language Faculties Since the population is quite large that can be nearly twenty thousand graduates, the most suitable way we can choose to analyze our statistics

is using sampling method

responded answers after delivering the offline questionnaires to 30 students

5 DATA PROCESSING

Our source of statistics is quite large and complex, so solving it by hand seems to be a big deal Therefore, we make full use of Microsoft Excel 2013 to process the data in a more prompt and convenient way Data are divided into 3 types, which are qualitative, ordinal and quantitative one

 For qualitative data, which are resulted from question 7, 8 and 9, we have Excel 13 tomake it easier in calculating the percentage or the frequency of data Additionally, Excel

is one of tools we use to graph all the data gained

 For ordinal data, which come from question 10 and 11, we transfer it into quantitativedata by assigning certain point to each rank Then we take the sum of each category and

 For quantitative data, which are the result of the five questions 4, 5, 6, 12 and 13, to dothe data processing, we follow some steps as below:

○Step 1: Enter the data into separate spreadsheet.

The data gained from question 5 is divided into 2 groups, which are students currently doing parttime jobs and graduates who don’t work after school hours Thus, it is a must to process it separately.For example, Group 1 has a size of 35 students, so we type in the data in column A from G3 to G37 Similarly, group 2 has 45 students so the range is from G39 to G83

○Step 2:Choose File Options Add-Ins Analysis Toolpak Ok Data Data      analysis Descriptive statistic Ok  

○Step 3: Fill in the Descriptive Statistics Tab as in the picture

Then all the data are summarized in one table:

6 LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANT

Since the sample size is not very large in comparison with the scale of population, we choose thesignificant level to be 0.05

III DESCRIPTIVE RESULTS AND FINDINGS

 In order to determine the number of students having a part-time job compared with that

of who not having a part-time job, we used this question in our questionnaire:

“1 Do you have a part-time job?”

From the pie chart above, it can be seen clearly that more than a half of responded students are having a part – time job with 56% while the other 44% are not having a part-time job.

 The most important objective of our survey is to test whether having a part-time jobaffects the studying of students or not so we have the student fill in the question about their GPA

of the previous academic year After gathering the data, we divide them into 2 groups By usingExcel13 we go through the data process as below:

To make it clearer about how the data spread, we visualize them by drawing a histogram

Figure 2: GPA of students having a part-time job

It is obvious that all the students having a part-time job got the mark above 5 The mark values vary from 5 to 10 but the range from 6 to 7 has the highest frequency (16/45) Another

noteworthy point is that no student got the marks greater than 9

Applying the same method, we have another table of results for students living away from home:

We also use a histogram to represent the dispersion of data

5,0 - 6,0 6,0 - 7,0 7,0 - 8,0 8,0 - 9,0 9,0 - 10,0 0

Figure 3: GPA of student having no a part-time job

It is clear from the chart that the most range of highest frequency is also 6 to 7 (24/35) This group seems to have better results compared to the other when the excellent mark which is above

0-5 hours 5-10 hours 10-15 hours

Figure 4: The numbers of students who spend hours on studying per day

From the bar chart above, it can be seen clearly that more than 60 of responded students spend from 0 to 5 hours on studying, and the number of students who spend from 5 to 10 hours on learning is 13 people and the about 4 respondents spend between 10 to 15 hours on studying

 To figure out how many students who satisfied their results, we insert this question:

“3 Does the result satisfy you?

After collecting all the given data, we divided the respondents into two groups, including the students having a part- time job and students not having Therefore, we have the below graph.

Completely not satisfy

Figure 5: The degree of satisfaction with study result of two explored respondents (%)

It is clearly seen from the bar chart that approximately 45% of students having a part-time job

do not satisfy their study results whereas the respondents who do not have a part time job satisfied or quite satisfied about their results (35% in each) 12% of students having a part-time job and only 2% of students who do not have part-time job are not completely contented with their outcomes However, in terms of the extremely satisfied degree, the percentage of students having a part-time job satisfies their results is more than that of respondents having not a part-time job, 8% and 3 % respectively

 To get the opinion of investigated students about the correlation between having apart-time job and studying, we collect the data from two categories of students, and thendesign the following question:

“4 Do you think that getting a part-time job may have a negative influence on your study results?”

1 Totally disagree

Figure 6a: The opinions of students having a part-time about negative effect of part-time

Figure 6b: The opinions of students having a part-time about negative effect of part-time

From the data as shown on figure 6, almost 40% of students who having a part-time job and approximately 43% of respondents having no a part-time job think that the correlation

between getting a part-time job and study result maybe negative Disagree degree came in the second place with 33.3% of students in the 6a figure and 34.3% of respondents in the 6b figure With regard to the degree of agreement, the percentage of students in two categories nearly the same, with around 15% of students having a part-time job and almost 17% of students having no job The only 2.2 % and 8.89% of the students having a part-time job extremely agrees and disagree this relationship and 2.86% and 2.85 % of respondents do not get a part-time job totally approves and disapproves

 Moving to the next question, students expressed the advantages of having a part-timejob by complete the following question:

“5 What do you think the advantages of having a part-time job?”

Figure 7: The advantages of having a part-time job

From the above bar chart it is clear that, gaining experiences is the advantage that the largest numbers of students think and 61 of students supposes that earn money is the major reason forstudent having a part-time job 54 and 59 of students think that having a part-time job will help them have some soft skills and widen relationship

 Besides the advantages, we also investigate the opinions’ students about thedisadvantages of getting a part-time job and we design the following question in ourquestionnaire:

“6 What do you think about the disadvantages of having a part-time job?”

From the graph, the largest number of students thinks that the disadvantage of having a time job will be dangerous 34 of respondents agree that getting a part-time job makes waste time Opinion about making study worse comprises 36 students

For the purpose of checking whether Hanoi university students who do not do part-time jobs have greater GPA than those who do or not, our group designs this following question to identify the evidence serving for testing:

What is your GPA last year?

Based on the collected data which belong to quantitative type, the aim of the research is to testthe difference between the study results of the two categories of students Thus, we decide to use the method of testing the difference between two population means: independent samples.Specifically, the parameters of interest are the µ and µ , the estimators of these parameters 1 2

are the sample means x1 and x2 respectively

2 ASSUMPTION:

 Sample sizes are large with n = 45 (>30), and n = 35 (>30) n1 is the number of1 2

students not doing part-time job and n2 is the number of students doing part-time job

 σ and σ are unknown1 2

 Populations are normally distributed(this can be clearly proven through the frequencydistribution histograms drawn in the previous section which is, to some extent, bell-shaped)

→ We use the test statistic:

[ (s12

n1)2

n1−1+

(s22n2)2

n2−1]

Which has a t distribution, with n-1 degrees of freedom

 Sample size: = 45 and n = 35n 1 2

 Because of the way the alternative hypothesis is set up, this is a one-tail test.The

critical value is tα,n-1 =t0.05,75= 2.6435

4 HYPOTHESIS TESTING PROCEDURE

Our requirement is if the GPA of students not doing part time is larger than it ofstudents doing part-time job

 Step 1: Indentify the null and alternative hypotheses

[ (s12

n1)2

n1−1+

(s22n2)2

n2−1]

Since = -1.183 <t t0.05,75= 2.6435, we do not reject H 0

Therefore, we reach the conclusion that with 5% of significant level, there is not enough evidence showing that the mean GPA of FMT students who have no part time job is greater than that of students who do part-time

V EVALUATION

1 LIMITATIONS

The project has actually highlighted some facts and useful information about the relationship between having a part-time job and Hanoi university students’ study result Even though, the results presented above are by no means capable of coveringall the perspectives of the issue, due to the mere fact that the information was collected from only a small percentage of participants compared to the total number

of Hanoi university student and in a quite limited scale Moreover, the degree of accuracy can also be influent The majority of respondents is third and fourth year students which may decrease the exactness of our research’s result Therefore, the project has confronted some limitations in finding the reliable conclusion

2 IMPLICATIONS

Based on the collected data and the result of hypothesis test, some important

implication are made Earning some extra spending money has both its advantages

and disadvantages Working part-time during the school year may be beneficial to some students, but disadvantageous to others It all depends on the situation of the student For a student already juggling multiple after school activities, a part-time jobmay cause more harm than good On the other hand, for those students with a lot of free time and not a lot of extracurricular activities, a part-time job is indeed valuable

on multiple fronts A part-time job not only adds another plus to one’s resume, it alsogives students a head start into the working world About 75% of the participants agree that working a part-time job allows students to pick up a variety of useful skillsincluding time management and communication which are necessary for their future career It is also stated on the result that nearly 50% of respondents think that having

a part- time while still in school year will make study result worse However,

hypothesis testing in our project has shown that students who working along with studying still have quite high GPAs compared with other students Therefore, it is clearly shown that working a part time job did not have negative impacts on the academic result of Hanoi university student

3 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

From the discussion of the findings above, the following suggestions recommended Firstly, for many students, the advantages of working a part time job outweigh the stress and sacrifice that may come with keeping to a tight schedule However, it is vital for undergraduate workers to always pay attention to the main purpose of studying at the campus – to get a degree The constant demands on a college

student’s time can leave even student without work feeling overwhelmed and like they simply never have enough hours in the day Most students today have to work atleast part time while juggling the workload dished out by five professors at once In order to keeping a good result, working students should try to balance between studying and working time Therefore, time management obviously is especially essential for students who want to work part time Secondly, the university can also aid student by giving them opportunities to participate in job orientation or campaignwhich will help them get used to outside job’ environment Combining school and college jobs is a tough balancing act Even though, adding up all the benefits - from learning time management skills, to career development, to cold hard cash - it's easy

to see why a part-time job is an elective you shouldn't pass up on