(SKKN 2022) ssome exercises help students in grade 10 at thach thanh 1 high school understand functions of nouns, adjectives and adverbs in english

THANH HOA EDUCATION AND TRAINING DEPARTMENTTHACH THANH 1 HIGH SCHOOL EXPERIENTIAL INITIATIVE SOME EXERCISES HELP STUDENTS IN GRADE 10 AT THACH THANH 1 HIGH SCHOOL UNDERSTAND FUNCTION

THANH HOA EDUCATION AND TRAINING DEPARTMENT

THACH THANH 1 HIGH SCHOOL

EXPERIENTIAL INITIATIVE

SOME EXERCISES HELP STUDENTS IN GRADE 10 AT THACH THANH 1 HIGH SCHOOL UNDERSTAND

FUNCTIONS OF NOUNS, ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS IN

ENGLISH

Author : LÊ HỒNG NGỌC

Occupation: Teacher

Experiential initiative on : English

THANH HOA, YEAR 2022

TABLE OF CONTENT

02 1.1.The reason for choosing the subject 1

04 1.3 Field and objects of doing the research 2

05 1.4 The methods of doing the research 2

07 2.1 Theoretical rationale of the study 2

13 2.4 Appreciating the initiative 10

15 2.4.2 Effect of application (school year 2021-2022) 10

SOME EXERCISES HELP STUDENTS IN GRADE 10 AT THACH THANH 1 HIGH SCHOOL UNDERSTAND FUNCTIONS OF NOUNS,

ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS IN ENGLISH

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 The reason for choosing the subject

English is very important in today’s world It is an international language

It is spoken as a first language by around 400 million people in the world and it

is the official one of 53 countries About 400 million people use it as their second language Thus, there are a lot of people around the world understanding and speaking English Moreover, English is having its great impact on every field of work It is the language of the media industry, the Internet, computers, tourism, science, business and so on If you know English, you will have opportunities to get a good job in a multinational company Also, when traveling

or visiting different countries, you will feel very confident to communicate and you will get more knowledge about other cultures Besides, Engish is a core subject which is compulsory not only in the national curriculum but also in the national examinations at certain stages of the Vietnam school education system Therefore, it is necessary for students to understand English grammar and speak English fluently

In any language, especially English, parts of speech: nouns (N), adjectives (ADJ), adverbs (ADV) are very important for us to understand what people say because they indicate how the words function in meaning as well as grammatically within the sentence Understanding their functions is essential for students to write, speak a sentence correctly and determine its correct meaning Also, the questions of these parts of speech are often done in tests If students understand them clearly, they will answer those questions exactly

At my school -Thach Thanh 1 high school, English is also a core subject which gets a lot of interest from school administrators and English teachers with the hope that students will study it better Therefore, choosing this subject is to help students in grade 10 at Thach Thanh 1 high school have clearly clarified exercises about the functions of N, ADJ and ADV to do And doing these exercises will help my students understand and use these parts of speech correctly From that they will speak, listen, write English correctly and do tests better

1.2 The purpose of the research.

This research gives students the way to master the functions of nouns, adjectives and adverbs easily When understanding them students will be more interested in learning English

1.3 Field and objects of doing the research.

This subject focuses on some exercises of functions of N, ADJ and ADV in English

Objects: students in grade 10 at Thach Thanh 1 high school (10C2, 10C3 -school year 2021-2022)

1.4 The methods of doing the research:

+ Read textbooks as well as other documents

+ Learn experience from the colleagues

+ Do some experiments - make statistics - consider the results

2 CONTENT

2.1 Theoretical rationale of the study

+ Study the importance of ADJ, N and ADV in sentences and their function + Learn the ADJ, N and ADV relating to the subjects you are studying

+ Do exercises relating to the subject

+ learn the words: ADJ, N and ADV that are useful

2.2 Facts existing of subject

My school as well as other schools always interests the quality of teaching and learning English because it is a core subject and compulsory in GCSE examination Teaching and learning English at my school have the following advantages and disadvantages

2.2.1 Advantages

- My school authorities are always interested in teaching and learning English

- All the English teachers always make great efforts to help students with their study and they often collect suitable, good exercises of N, ADJ, ADV for students to do They are always active, enthusiastic, creative in their teaching work They also increase their knowledge by reading documents and books, participating in short training courses and learning from their colleagues

- Many students like to learn English and they always try to work hard at school as well as at home

- Also, some classes are equipped with the modern devices such as TV, speakers, projectors and active boards

2.2.2 Disadvantages

- In textbook 10, 11, 12, there aren’t any lessons mentioning the parts of speech N, ADJ, ADV so exercises about these parts of speech are so rare

- The time in a class period for teaching these parts of speech is too little Teachers can only provide them through teaching new words

- My school’s entrance standard mark is low Most students aren’t interested in learning English They don’t spend much time doing their homework, preparing new lessons and new words at home Besides, they only study English because of marks, tests so they often forget it straight after finishing tests

2.3 The content of the subject.

2.3.1 Nouns(N):

2.3.1.1 Definitions

A noun is a word that refers to a person (such as Ann or doctor), a place (such as Paris or city) or a thing, a quality or an activity (such as plant, sorrow or tennis)

(https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/noun?q=noun)

2.3.1.2 The grammatical functions of a noun.

The work that a noun performs in a sentence is referred to as its grammatical function

A noun can perform any of the following four functions:

+ Subject of a verb + Object of a verb

+ Object of a verb + Complement of a verb

+ Object of a preposition

2.3.1.3 Noun functioning as the subject of a verb.

A noun will function as the subject of a verb when it is the subject of the sentence and comes before the main verb of the sentence More often than not, the noun will begin the sentence

Examples: Ms Linda teaches us English

N(S) V

- My father waters the plants every day.

N(S) V

2.3.1.4 Noun functioning as the object of a verb.

A noun functions as an object of a verb when it comes after an action verb and receives the action of the verb A noun functioning as an object of a verb in

a sentence will always be the recipient of an action

Examples:

- My sister wrote a story last year.

V N(O)

- I eat an apple every day.

V N(O)

2.3.1.5 Noun functioning as the complement of a verb.

a Subjective complement

A noun will function as the complement of a verb when it comes after a linking verb or a state-of-being verb and receives no action from the verb The word that is the same thing or person as the subject will function in the sentence

as a Noun (http://www.swiftutors.com/english/noun-and-pronoun.php)

Some linking verbs and state-of-being verbs in the English language: be, seem, taste, appoint, become, feel, smell, sound, appear, etc.

Examples: The man is a doctor.

Linking verb (be) N

- Standing there on stage I felt a complete idiot.

Linking verb (feel) N

( http://www.swiftutors.com/english/noun-and-pronoun.php)

b Objective Complement.

The word that is used as a complement related to the object of a transitive verb and is the same person or thing as the object, will function as a noun in the sentences

Examples:

- We call our dog Tiger.

V N(O) N

- People elected Mr John Mayor.

V N(O) N

(http://www.swiftutors.com/english/noun-and-pronoun.php)

2.3.1.6 Noun functioning as the object of a preposition.

When a noun functions as the object of a preposition, it comes after a preposition in a sentence By definition, any noun that comes immediately after

a preposition is the object of that preposition Some prepositions such as: in, on, with, for, at, etc

Examples:

- I went out with my friends last night.

Preposition N

- She always confides in her husband

Preposition N

Some exercises about the grammatical functions of a noun.

 Noun functioning as the subject of a verb.

Exercise 1 Choose A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences.

1, Happiness is all that most human beings are looking for.

N (S) V

A Happy B Happiness C Happily D Unhappy

2, My main ……… is to wash the dishes and take out the garbage

A responsive B responsible C responsibility D responsibly

3, ……….is the activity or process of expressing ideas and feelings or of giving people information

A Communicate B Communication

C Communicated D Communicative

4, ………is my favourite sport

A Swimming B Swim C Swam D To swim

5, The ……….for taking photographs has helped them escape their sorrow.

A passionate B passionately C passion D passionless

 Noun functioning as the object of a verb.

Exercise 2 Use the correct form of the words in blankets.

1, Women should maintain their beauty after marriage (beautify)

V N(O)

2, Mary never takes my………(advise) →advice

3, I think that wives and husbands should share all ……(think).→thoughts

4, Books help people to get more ……… (know)→knowledge

5, My mother takes the….for running the household (responsible)→

responsibility

 Noun functioning as the complement of a verb.

Exercise 3 Rearrange the words to make correct sentences Number 1 has been done for you

1, My sister / has / a / for / been / doctor / seven years

→ My sister has been a nurse for seven years.

Linking verb (be) N

2, She / her / Milu / calls / dog.→ (She calls her dos Milu)

3, him / the / They / English / captain / appointed / of / team

→(They appointed him captain of the English team.)

4, Linda / We / to / the / call / baby / decided

→(We decided to call the baby Linda)

5, famous / a / Lucy / singer / is.→ ( Lucy is a famous singer.)

 Noun functioning as the object of a preposition.

Exercise 4 Find out the nouns functioning as the object of a preposition in the following sentences.

1, I often help my mother with the household chores.

Preposition N

2, The teacher showed the new words to her students

3, She will buy a new bike for her daughter.

4, It is not polite to ask question about age.

5, We can communicate through gestures.

Exercise 5 Underline the nouns and give their functions in the following sentences.

1, The film was interesting.

N(S) V

2, My father bought a bike yesterday

3, We elected Mr Mike the headmaster of the school last year

4, We plant some roses around the house

2.3.2.1.Definition of an adjective.

An adjective is a word that describes a noun or pronoun

"Big", "boring", "purple", and "obvious" are all adjectives.

Adjectives give us more information They modify or describe features and qualities of people, animals and things represented by nouns or pronouns

(https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/adjective)

2.3.2.2 The grammatical functions of adjectives.

2.3.2.2.1 Adjective with nouns.

One of the main functions of adjectives is that they go with nouns and change or add to their meaning Adjectives before a noun are called attributive adjectives

Examples: black hair beautiful woman helpful woman.

Adj → N Adj → N Adj → N

2.3.2.2.2 Adjective with verbs.

The second main function of an adjective is to be a complement to a verb

It completes the meaning of verbs that describe what the subject is, does or

experiences These verbs include be, seem, become, feel, smell, taste, look, grow, get, appear, remain (linking verbs), go, turn, keep When adjectives

complement verbs, this is called their predicative function

Examples:

- She always feels happy.

Linking verb ←adj

2.3.2.2.3 Object complements.

We also use an adjective to give more information about an object (underlined)

so as to complete its meaning (object complement):

- Declare + O ← adj - Keep O ← adj

- Make + O ← adj - Find O ← adj

- Drive + O ← adj - Consider O ← adj

Examples: Sitting in traffic drives me crazy.

V O ← Adj

The fire has made the room warmer.

V O ← Adj

* Some exercises about the grammatical functions of an adjective.

 Adjective with nouns.

Exercise 1 Choose A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences.

1, They have a beautiful garden behind the house

Adj → N

A beautifully B beauty C beautiful D beautify

2, I like the ………atmosphere in the countryside

A peace B peaceful C peacefully D peacefulness

3, My father is a ………person He always helps people

A helpful B help C helpfully D helpfulness

 Adjective with verbs.

Exercise 2 Supply the correct form of the words in brackets.

1, These exercises seem difficult (difficulty) →difficult

Linking verb + Adj

2, Travelling is becoming ……… (expensive) →expensive

3, These flowers look ………(nature) → natural

 Object complements

Exercise 3 Choose the correct word.

1, Sometimes he drives her crazy / crazily (crazy)

V O

2, This news makes everyone very happy / happiness (happy)

3, We found the beds very comfort / comfortable (comfortable)

Exercise 4 Underline the adjectives and give their functions in the following sentences

1, She is an old lady →(old)

N

2, This exercise is very easy →(easy)

3, I always feel interested in learning English →(interested)

4, Her mother grew impatient when she couldn’t contact her daughter last night.

→(impatient)

5, My reply made my parents angry (angry)

2.3.3 Adverbs(ADV)

2.3.3.1 Definition of an adverb.

An adverb is a word that describes or gives more information about a verb, adjective, adverb, or phrase

In the phrase "she smiled cheerfully", the word "cheerfully" is an adverb

In the phrase "The house was spotlessly clean", the word "spotlessly" is an adverb

(https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/adverb)

2.3.3.2 The grammatical functions of adverbs.

2.3.3.2.1 Adverb modifying a verb

We use adverbs to give more information about the verb This means that they describe the way an action is happening

Examples:

- The children were playing happily.

V Adv

My brother speaks English fluently

V Adv

2.3.3.2.2 Adverb modifying an adjective

Adverbs can also modify adjectives and the purpose of the adverbs is to add a degree of intensity to the adjectives

Examples:

- I work in an extremely tall building.

Adv Adj

- He wrote a very concise summary.

Adv Adj

2.3.3.2.3 Adverb modifying another adverb

An adverb can tell to what extent another adverb modifies a word Adverbs that modify other adverbs must go directly before the adverbs they modify

Examples:

- My sister runs very fast

Adv →adv

- She swims really well

Adv →adv

2.3.3.2.4 Adverb modifying whole sentence

Adverbs indicating the attitude and point of view of the speaker or writer usually

go at the beginning These adverbs are called sentence adverbs because they refer to the whole sentence or utterance We often use commas with the adverb when it modifies the whole sentence

Examples - Hopefully, the weather will be good enough for a picnic tomorrow.

Adv → whole sentence

- Actually, I don’t know her

Adv → whole sentence

*Some exercises about the grammatical functions of an adverb.

 Adverb modifying a verb.

Exercise 1 Choose and use the correct form of a verb + adverb from the boxes to complete these sentences

1, She plays the guitar

beautifully (plays

←beautifully)

V Adv

2, Joe …… so ……… that nobody wants to listen to him (sings←badly)

beautifully slowly badly carefully