Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.Tổ chức hoạt động dạy học vật lí “xây dựng và sử dụng thiết bị thí nghiệm tĩnh điện” nhằm bồi dưỡng năng lực giải quyết vấn đề của học sinh lớp 11.
Trang 1MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING
HANOI UNIVERSITY OF PEDAGORY
NGUYEN MINH THUAN
ORGANIZING TEACHING ACTIVITIES OF PHYSICS
“BUILDING AND USING OF ELECTROSTATIC
Trang 2HANOI UNIVERSITY OF PEDAGORY
Instructors: 1 Associate Professor Ph.D Nguyen Ngoc Hung
2 Dr Duong Xuan Quy
Reviewer 1: Associate Professor Ph.D Pham Kim Chung
Reviewer 2: Associate Professor Ph.D To Van Binh
Reviewer 3: Dr Cao Tien Khoa
The thesis will be defended in front of the School-level Thesis Judging Committee at Hanoi University of Pedagory at
………
This thesis can be found at the libraries:
- National Library of Ha Noi
- The Library of Ha Noi University of Pedagory
Trang 3INTRODUCTION
1 REASONS FOR CHOOSING THE TOPIC
- Resolution 29 of the 8th Plenum of the Central Committee of Term XI identifies the need to fundamentally and comprehensively renew education and training to meet the requirements of industrialization and modernization in the context of a socialist-oriented market economy The guiding point of the Resolution is:
"Strongly change the educational process from equipping knowledge
to comprehensively developing learners' qualities and capacity"
- Currently, there is only experimental equipment to help perform some experiments in qualitative form, illustrating simple knowledge about static electricity There are still no devices to carry out quantitative experiments associated with the basic laws of electrostatics, and there are also no devices associated with technical applications of electrostatics
- There have not been specific and synchronous studies to build experimental equipment associated with the teaching process through problem-solving about knowledge of electrostatics and the practical applications of that field of knowledge in life to foster students' problem-solving ability
With the desire to contribute to the educational innovation of the country, through finding ways to overcome the above difficulties, we
chose to research the topic: Organizing teaching activities of physics
"Building and using of electrostatic experimental equipment” to foster the problem-solving abilities of students of grade 11
Trang 42 RESEARCH PURPOSES
Developing a process for organizing extracurricular activities with the topic "Building and using electrostatic experimental equipment", especially determining the content, teaching methods and the form of organizing teaching extracurricular topics to foster students' problem-solving abilities
3 STUDY OBJECTS AND SUBJECTS
- The object of the research is the teaching process in extracurricular activities of the selected topic
- The subject of the study is the formation and development of students' problem-solving abilities
4 SCIENTIFIC THEORIES
If the process of organizing extracurricular activities by topic is built and applied properly (with rich, practical content, studied in the form of problem-based learning tasks, applying teaching methods to solve problems, diverse and flexible forms of organizing), extracurricular activities on topics can foster students' problem-solving abilities
Trang 5theoretical basis for building the process of organizing
extracurricular activities on the topic mentioned in the thesis
- Study the current physics curriculum, textbooks and 2018 physics curriculum, materials related to static electricity in grade 11, used as a basis to develop specific content of extracurricular topics
- Learn about teaching practice Chapter "Electricity - Electric field" in high school including teaching methods of teachers, learning methods of students, actual experimental equipment and how to use them in teaching, difficulties in teaching chapters and common mistakes made by students
- Design and manufacture experimental equipment to meet the requirements of experimental equipment Organize extracurricular activities for students to create experimental equipment for static electricity in the style of teaching through problem solving activities
- Develop the process of organizing extracurricular activities on the topic, including determining the teaching content in the topic (written in the form of problem-based learning tasks), determining the methods and forms of organizing specific teaching corresponding
to each learning task, the division of tasks for groups of students, the duration of each task
- Experiment the process of organizing extracurricular activities
on the topic built to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of this process in fostering problem-solving capacity of 11th grade students Then edit, supplement to complete the process of organizing extracurricular activities on topics
Trang 6on electrostatic experiments, teacher training materials and information on the internet
- Practical survey method on teaching Chapter "Electricity - Electric field" in some high schools in Dong Thap province
- Research methods in the laboratory: Experimenting with the manufacture of equipment and conducting experiments related to the contents of the extracurricular topics
- Methods of pedagogical experimentation in high schools, the
process of organizing extracurricular activities on the selected topic
- Research methods of mathematical statistics to process the results obtained in pedagogical experiments
7 THESIS CONTRIBUTIONS
On the basis of the theory of teaching through problem solving activities, the thesis has proposed the process of teaching through problem solving activities related to the knowledge which needs understanding about the formation of knowledge in the history of physics research and supplemented, perfected the teaching process of applying technical applications of physics according to path 1 (from finding out about the technical equipment itself), to discover the
Trang 7structural principles, and the operating principles of the technical equipment to elucidating the physical basis of technical equipment and designing as well as manufacturing models of technical equipment)
- Completing the general process of organizing extracurricular activities in physics and applying this general process to building the process of organizing extracurricular activities of the selected topic, including the process of teaching through problem solving of 5 contents (5 tasks assigned to students):
+ Using experimental equipment "Torsion balance" made by postgraduate to conduct experiments to test the content of Coulomb's law on electrostatic force of interaction between two point charges + Researching and applying the technique of "Van De Graaff electrostatic generator", including manufacturing electrostatic generators with two different options and conducting 5 experiments with these electrostatic generators to test some knowledge of static electricity
+ Researching and applying the technique of "powder coating equipment", in which there is a fabrication of equipment illustrating the principle of structure and operation of electrostatic painting equipment
+ Researching and applying the technique of "electrostatic dust filter", including reating a device that illustrates the principle of structure and operation of the dust filter
+ Researching and applying the "photocopier" technique, including the manufacture of a device illustrating the operating principle of a photocopier
Trang 8- Applying the general structure of problem-solving capacity, the thesis has built its own structure of problem-solving capacity when students study each content of the extracurricular topic
The process of organizing extracurricular activities with the topic
"Building and using electrostatic experimental equipment", in which there is a process of teaching 5 contents in the topic which has been initially confirmed by pedagogical experimentation proved its possibility and effectiveness for fostering students' problem-solving capacity
8 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS
The thesis includes: Introduction; Chapter 1 presents an overview
of the research issues; Chapter 2 presents the theoretical and practical basis of fostering students' problem-solving capacity in extracurricular activities in physics; Chapter 3 presents the process of organizing extracurricular activities with the topic "Building and using electrostatic experimental equipment" in order to foster problem-solving capacity of 11th grade students; Chapter 4 presents the pedagogical experiment; conclusions, recommendations, references and appendices
Chapter 1 OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ISSUES
1.1 Researches on teaching through problem solving activities
- J Dewey (1859-1952) was a proponent of "student-centered teaching", focusing on training students in problem-solving skills and critical thinking
- Piaget asserted that life is the constant creation of increasingly complex forms and the growing balance of these forms with the environment According to Vygotski, the promotion of
Trang 9social interaction helps students overcome the proximal areas of cognitive development through their own efforts with the help of others
- In teaching physics, the authors Nguyen Duc Tham, Nguyen Ngoc Hung (1998) [52], author Pham Huu Tong (2008) in the study
of the organization of cognitive activities in teaching physics [57] confirmed: Teaching becomes effective when it is deployed in a way
to solve scientific problems The authors have proposed a teaching process to solve a problem about a content of physical knowledge with 4 steps of activities (problem generation, problem statement, problem solving by theoretical reasoning or experimental survey, conclusion, and issue expansion)
1.2 Situation of building and using of experimental equipment, including electrostatic experimental equipment in teaching and developing physics capacity
There has not been any research on the development of the process of organizing extracurricular activities for students to manufacture electrostatic experimental equipment to conduct experiments on electrostatics such as testing Coulomb's law, studying electrical interactions, charge distribution at the surface of conductors and technical applications to develop students' problem-solving abilities
1.3 Issues that need to be studied
- Teaching some physics knowledge according to the solving teaching process cannot apply the problem-solving teaching process both in the theoretical way and in the experimental way At that time, the process of teaching through problem solving activities
Trang 10problem-needs to use historical documents on the formation of knowledge in the history of physics research At what stage of the problem-solving teaching process should these historical materials be used?
- The process of teaching through problem solving activities about technical applications of physics follows path 1 (from understanding the technical equipment itself, discovering the principles of its construction and operating principles to model making of the technical devices take place in what stages? How to apply this general process to the teaching process through problem solving activities of technical applications that the extracurricular activity topic has chosen?
- What is the general process of organizing extracurricular activities? How to apply this general process to the organization of extracurricular activities of the selected topic?
- What experimental equipment should teachers build by themselves (design, manufacture or improve or complete) by themselves? What experimental devices teachers need to guide students to build and how students build in the teaching process to solve problems with the content mentioned in extracurricular activities of the selected topic?
CHAPTER 2 THEORETICAL BASIS OF STUDENTS' PROBLEM-SOLVING CAPACITY TRAINING THROUGH EXTRACURRICULUM ACTIVITIES IN PHYSICS
2.1 Fostering students' problem-solving ability in teaching physics
2.1.1 Competence and problem solving abilit
Trang 112.1.2 The process of teaching through problem solving activities when building and applying physics knowledge
State the situation – Detect the problem contained (hidden) in the situation
State the problem to be solved
Propose solutions to the problem
Implement the proposed problem solving solutions
Draw conclusions- Evaluate the problem solving process
Trang 12* The process of teaching through problem solving activities of technical problems of physics
1 Proposing issues to be studied
From information about technical equipment in life, take on the task:
- Determine the task (function, meaning) of the technical equipment
- Learn the construction principles and operating principles of technical equipment to meet that task
- Design and manufacture a technical device with certain functions
2 Study the structure and operation of technical equipment and provide a drawing model of technical equipment
- Learn the structure and operation of technical equipment through real technical equipment, through documents, through the internet: parts and their functions, the connection between the parts for the equipment to work
- Apply known knowledge to explain the operating principles of technical equipment
- Provide and select drawing models, describing the parts, the connection between them so that the technical equipment is feasible (there may be improvements and changes compared to the real technical equipment)
3 Manufacture and operate physical-functional models of technical equipment and completing them:
- Based on the drawing model, manufacture different physical-functional models of technical equipment
- Operate physical-functional models, adjust, supplement and complete physical-functional models of technical equipment
Trang 132.2 Organizing extracurricular activities on physics topics 2.2.1 Educational effectiveness and features of extracurricular activities
2.2.2 Contents, methods and forms of organizing extracurricular activities on physics topics
2.2.3 The process of organizing extracurricular activities on physics topics
2.3 Building and using experimental equipment for physics practice
2.3.1 Functions and educational effectiveness of experimental equipment for physics practice
2.3.2 Requirements for experimental equipment for physics practice
2.3.3 Process of buiding and using experimental equipment for physics practice
2.4 Investigate the teaching practice of the chapter "Electricity - Electric field" (Physics 11)
2.4.1 Objectives to be achieved in teaching the chapter
"Electricity - Electric field"
2.4.2 Purposes, methods of investigation and subjects to be investigated
- Directly survey physics experimental equipment in 5 laboratories at high schools
- Send polls to 40 head teachers of physics of 40 high schools
in Dong Thap province and 10 teachers of 5 high schools in Thap Muoi district, Dong Thap province
Trang 14- Send polls to 100 students from 3 high schools and directly interview 20 students
- Whether it is in-class teaching or extracurricular teaching, in order to enhance students' active, self-reliant and creative activities, teachers need to organize the process of building and applying knowledge about electrostatics in teaching process through problem-solving activities: assigning students problem-based tasks, organizing students to propose and implement problem-solving solutions contained in those tasks Teachers act as organizers, guide and help students in the process of performing tasks
- Besides increasing the quantity and improving the quality of experimental equipment provided to high schools, teachers need to assign students learning tasks that require students to design,