Đề thi cuối kì THPT Chu Văn An - Hà NộiRead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the
Trang 1Đề thi cuối kì THPT Chu Văn An - Hà Nội
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Schools exams are, generally speaking, the first kind of test we take They find out howmuch knowledge we have gained But do they really show how intelligent we are? After all,
it isn't a (1) that some people who are very academically successful don't have anycommon sense? Intelligence is the speed (2) which we can understand and react tonew situations and it is usually tested by logic puzzles Although scientists are now preparing(3) computer technology that will be able to “read” our brains, for the present, testsare still the most popular ways of measuring intelligence
A person's IQ is their intelligence as it is measured by a special test The most common
IQ tests are (4) by Mensa, an organization that was founded in England in 1946 By
1976, it had 1,300 members in Britain Today there are 44,000 in Britain and 100,000worldwide, largely in the US
People taking the tests are judged in (5) to an average score of 100, and thosewho score over 148 are entitled to join Mensa This works out at 2 percent of the population.Anyone from the age of six can take tests All the questions are straightforward and mostpeople can answer them if allowed enough time But that's the problem, the whole point ofthe test is that they're against the clock
Question 1: A case B fact C circumstance D truth
Question 3: A advanced B forward C ahead D upper
Question 4: A appointed B commanded C run D steered Question 5: A concerned B relation C regard D association
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 6: The meeting was put off because of pressure of time.
A There was not enough time to hold the meeting
B The meeting was planned to start late because of time pressure
C The meeting started earlier because people wanted to leave early
D The meeting lasted much longer than usual.
Question 7: It was not only cold but it also snowed a few days ago.
A Was it not only cold but it also snowed a few days ago
Trang 2B It was not only cold but did it also snow a few days ago
C Not only it was cold but did it also snow a few days ago
D Not only was it cold but it also snowed a few days ago.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The economic expansion prompted by the Second World War triggered a spectacular
population boom in the West Of course, the region was no stranger to population booms.Throughout much of its history, western settlement had been characterized by spurts, rather
than by a pattern of gradual and steady population growth, beginning with the gold and silver rushes of the 1850's and 1860's The decade after the First World War - the 1920's -
witnessed another major surge of people pouring into the West, particularly into urban areas.But the economic depression of the 1930's brought this expansion to a halt; some of the moresparsely settled parts of the region actually lost population as migrants sought work in moreheavily industrialized areas By 1941 when the United States entered the Second World Warand began to mobilize, new job opportunities were created in the western part of the nation
If the expansion of industries, such as shipbuilding and aircraft manufacturing, was
most striking on the pacific coast, it also affected interior cities like Denver, Phoenix, and
Salt Lake City Equally dramatic were the effects of the establishment of aluminum plants inOregon and Washington and the burgeoning steel industry in Utah and California The flow
of people into these areas provided an enormous impetus to the expansion of the serviceindustries - banks, health care services and schools Although strained to the limit by theinflux of newcomers, western communities welcomed the vast reservoir of new jobopportunities At the same time, the unprecedented expansion of government installations inthe West, such as military bases, created thousands of new civilian openings As land hadserved as a magnet for western migrants in the late nineteenth century, so wartimemobilization set in motion another major expansion of population Indeed, it could be saidthat the entire western United States became a giant boomtown during the Second WorldWar This was especially true of California Of the more than eight million people whomoved into the West in the decade after 1940, almost one-half went to the Pacific coast Infact, between 1940 and 1950, California's population surged by more than three millionpeople
Question 8: What is the main point of the passage?
A California dominated the economic growth of the West during the Second World War
Trang 3B Industrial growth during the 1940's attracted large numbers of people to the West
C The military drew people away from civilian jobs during the 1940's
D The West experienced gradual and steady economic growth from 1900 to 1940.
Question 9: The word "triggered" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .
A was connected to B generated C interfered with D illuminated Question 10: Why does the author mention “the gold and silver rushes of the 1850's and 1860's” in the first paragraph?
A As causes of gradual population growth
B As contrasts to late patterns of population
C As illustrations of a market economy
D As examples of western population booms.
Question 11: According to the passage, the depression of the 1930's caused which of the
following?
A A lack of population growth in the West
B The building of new suburbs
C A creation of more job opportunities
D A growth in immigration from abroad.
Question 12: The word “it” in paragraph 2 refers to .
A expansion B Denver C manufacturing D the Pacific coast Question 13: The passage suggests that industrialization in the West led to all of the
following EXCEPT
A An increase in school construction B Improved access to doctors
C An increase in the number of banks D A reduction in the price of land.
Question 14: It can be inferred from the passage that the principal cause of California’s
population surge between 1940 and 1950 was
A the increased availability of land
B people’s desire to live in a warm, coastal climate
C the industrial mobilization necessitated by the Second World War
D overcrowding in urban areas in other regions of the United States.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 15: A autumn B summer C public D struggle Question 16: A washed B needed C stopped D linked Question 17: A succeed B accept C account D accident.
Trang 4Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question.
Question 18: I had learnt English when I was at high school.
Question 19: I a terrible accident while I on the beach.
A saw / was walking B have seen / were walking
C see / am walking D was seeing / walked
Question 20: By the time you receive this letter, I for the USA.
A am leaving B will leave C will have left D have left
Question 21: Last Saturday was that we took a drive in the country.
A so beautuful day B such a beautiful day
C so a beautiful day D such beautiful day
Question 22: If more chemicals are released into the water, plants and animals .
A would be die B would die C will be killed D will kill
Question 23: parents of Paul Thomas claimed that he was at home at the time
of robbery
A Ø – Ø – the B The – the – the C Ø – Ø - a D The – Ø – the Question 24: irritating they are, you shouldn't lose your temper with your children.
A Because of B No matter C Despite D However
Question 25: In many families, the woman now is the principal .
A bread-winner B breadbasket C bread earner D winner
Question 26: The team were eager to make the loss of the previous match.
A away with B off with C up for D up with
Question 27: Peter tried his best and passed the driving test at the first .
Question 28: He has not been offered the job because he cannot meet the of the
company
A requirements B applicants C information D education
Question 29: The authorities are determined to take tougher to reduce crime.
A measures B situations C interests D requirements
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 30: A commercial B impolite C regretful D successful
Trang 5Question 31: A conservation B compulsory C optimistic D independent
Mark the letter A, B, C or D in your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 32: The number of homeless people in Nepal have increased sharply due to the
recent severe earthquake
A homeless people B have increased C due to D severe
Question 33: In the end of the story, Cinderella and the prince get married and live
happily together
A In the end B the prince C get married D happily
Question 34: Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs, and
other furnitures
A a close B is often C to make D other furnitures
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 35: -Jane: “Thank you for your lovely evening”
-Barbara: “ ”
A Thanks! B Cheer! C Have a good day D You’re welcome Question 36: -Ann: “Make yourself at home”.
-John: “ ”
A Thanks! Same to you B That’s very kind of you Thank you.
C Not at all Don’t mention it D Yes, Can I help you?
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSET in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 37: Roget's Thesaurus, a collection of English words and phrases, was originally arranged by the ideas they express rather than by alphabetical order.
A restricted B as well as C unless D instead of
Question 38: With the dawn of space exploration, the notion that atmospheric conditions on
Earth may be unique in the solar system was strengthened
A out come B continuation C beginning D expansion
Trang 6Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 39: Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within
the same region
A restrain B stay unchanged C remain unstable D fluctuate
Question 40: Unless the two signatures are identical, the bank won’t honor the check.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 41: Wild dogs are found in different parts of the world Wild dogs, domestic dogs,
wolves, jackals and foxes have the same ancestors.
A Wild dogs whose ancestors are the same as domestic dogs, wolves, jackals and foxes are
found in different parts of the world
B Wild dogs are found in different parts of the world where they share ancestors with wild
dogs, domestic dogs, wolves, jackals and foxes
C Wild dogs, domestic dogs that are found in different parts of the world and also wolves,
jackals and foxes have the same ancestors
D In different parts of the world, wild dogs and domestic dogs share ancestors with wolves,
jackals and foxes
Question 42: Vietnamese culture is dynamic and expressed in various ways This is due to
individual life experience and personality.
A Vietnamese culture is dynamic and expressed in various ways, according to individual life
experience and personality
B Vietnamese culture is dynamic and expressed in various ways, owing to individual life
experience and personality
C Vietnamese culture through individual life experience and personality is dynamic and
expressed in various ways
D Vietnamese culture is dynamic and expressed in various in individual life experience and
Trang 7Cold storage, or refrigeration, is keeping food at temperatures between 32 and 45degrees F in order to delay the growth of microorganisms - bacteria, molds, and yeast - thatcause food to spoil Refrigeration produces few changes in food, so meats, fish, eggs, milk,fruits, and vegetables keep their original flavor, color, and nutrition Before artificial
refrigeration was invented, people stored perishable food with ice or snow to lengthen its
storage time Preserving food by keeping it in an ice-filled pit is a 4,000-year-old art Coldstorage areas were built in basements, cellars, or caves, lined with wood or straw, and packedwith ice The ice was transported from mountains, or harvested from local lakes or rivers, anddelivered in large blocks to homes and businesses
Artificial refrigeration is the process of removing heat from a substance, container, orenclosed area, to lower its temperature The heat is moved from the inside of the container tothe outside A refrigerator uses the evaporation of a volatile liquid, or refrigerant, to absorbheat In most types of refrigerators, the refrigerant is compressed, pumped through a pipe, andallowed to vaporize As the liquid turns to vapor, it loses heat and gets colder because themolecules of vapor use energy to leave the liquid The molecules left behind have less energyand so the liquid becomes colder Thus, the air inside the refrigerator is chilled
Scientists and inventors from around the world developed artificial refrigerationduring the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries William Cullen demonstrated artificialrefrigeration in Scotland in 1748, when he let ethyl ether boil into a partial vacuum In 1805,American inventor Oliver Evans designed the first refrigeration machine that used vaporinstead of liquid In 1842, physician John Gorrie used Evans's design to create an air-coolingapparatus to treat yellow-fever patients in a Florida hospital Gorrie later left his medicalpractice and experimented with ice making, and in 1851 he was granted the first U.S patentfor mechanical refrigeration In the same year, an Australian printer, James Harrison, built an
ether refrigerator after noticing that when he cleaned his type with ether it became very cold
as the ether evaporated Five years later, Harrison introduced vapor-compression refrigeration
to the brewing and meatpacking industries
Brewing was the first industry in the United States to use mechanical refrigerationextensively, and in the 1870s, commercial refrigeration was primarily directed at breweries.German-born Adolphus Busch was the first to use artificial refrigeration at his brewery in St.Louis Before refrigeration, brewers stored their beer in caves, and production
was constrained by the amount of available cave space Brewing was strictly a local business
since beer was highly perishable and shipping it any distance would result in spoilage Buschsolved the storage problem with the commercial vapor- compression refrigerator He solved
Trang 8the shipping problem with the newly invented refrigerated railcar, which was insulated withice bunkers in each end Air came in on the top, passed through the bunkers, and circulatedthrough the car by gravity In solving Busch's spoilage and storage problems, refrigerationalso revolutionized an entire industry By 1891, nearly every brewery was equipped withmechanical refrigerating machines.
The refrigerators of today rely on the same basic principle of cooling caused by therapid evaporation and expansion of gases Until 1929, refrigerators used toxic gases -ammonia, methyl chloride, and sulfur dioxide - as refrigerants After those gases accidentallykilled several people, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) became the standard refrigerant However,they were found to be harmful to the earth's ozone layer, so refrigerators now use arefrigerant called HFC 134a, which is less harmful to the ozone
Question 43: What is the main reason that people developed methods of refrigeration?
A They wanted to improve the flavor and nutritional value of food
B They needed to slow the natural processes that cause food to spoil
C They needed to use for the ice that formed on lakes and rivers
D They wanted to expand the production of certain industries.
Question 44: The word “perishable” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to .
C of animal origin D highly nutritious
Question 45: What can be inferred from paragraph 1 about cold storage before the invention
of artificial refrigeration?
A It kept food cold for only about a week
B It was dependent on a source of ice or snow
C It required a container made of mental or wood
D It was not a safe method of preserving meat.
Question 46: Artificial refrigeration involves all of the following processes EXCEPT .
A the pumping of water vapor through a pipe
B the rapid expansion of certain gases
C the evaporation of a volatile liquid
D the transfer of heat from one place to another.
Question 47: According to the passage, who was the first person to use artificial refrigeration
for a practical purpose?
A William Cullen B Oliver Evans C John Gorrie D Adolphus Busch Question 48: The word “it” in paragraph 3 refers to .
Trang 9A printer B refrigerator C type D ether
Question 49: The word “constrained” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .
A restricted B spoiled C improved D alternated
Question 50: According to the passage, the first refrigerated railcar used what material as a
cooling agent?
Đáp án
LỜI GIẢI CHI TIẾT Question 1: Đáp án B
a fact that + clause: một thực tế rằng
Đại từ quan hệ “which” thay thế cho “speed”, mà ta có “at speed” : với tốc độ
Dịch: Trí thông minh là tốc độ mà ta có thể hiểu và phản ứng kịp với những tình huống mới
Question 3: Đáp án A
Câu hỏi từ vựng
A advanced (adj): hiện đại, tân tiến
B forward (adj): phía trước
C ahead (adv): phía trước
D upper (adj): phía trên cao
Dịch: Mặc dù các nhà khoa học đang tiến hành chuẩn bị các máy tính có công nghệ tân tiến
để có thể “đọc” được bộ não con người
Question 4: Đáp án C
Trang 10Tobe run: được điều hành, vận hành, thực hiện- ở đây không phải nghĩa là “chạy”.
Các đáp án còn lại:
A appointed (v): được bổ nghiệm, chỉ định
B commanded (v): được chỉ huy, điều khiển
D steered (v): được lái, được điều hướng
Dịch: Những bài kiểm tra IQ phổ biến nhất được thực hiện bởi Mense
Question 5: Đáp án B
in relation to: so với
Các đáp án còn lại:
A concerned (adj): có liên quan, bận tâm
Không tồn tại cụm “in concerned to”
C regard (n): niềm kính mến, sự tôn kính
In regard to: về vấn đề
D association (n): sự kết hợp, đoàn thể, hiệp hội
In association with: cùng với
Dịch: Những người tham gia bài kiểm tra được đánh giá so với số điểm trung bình là 100
Question 6: Đáp án A
Buổi họp đã bị hoãn lại do áp lực về mặt thời gian
= A Đã không có đủ thời gian để tổ chức buổi họp
Các đáp án còn lại không phù hợp:
B Buổi họp đã được dự kiến bắt đầu muộn hơn do áp lực về mặt thời gian
C Buổi họp đã bắt đầu sớm hơn bởi mọi người muốn tan sớm
D Buổi họp đã kéo dài hơn bình thường
Question 7: Đáp án D
Cấu trúc đảo ngữ với “Not only…but also” : Not only + aux + S V but S also V
Hay Not only + tobe + S adj but S also V
(Không những…mà còn …)
Dịch: Trời không chỉ lạnh mà còn có tuyết rơi vào mấy hôm trước
Question 8: Đáp án B
Đâu là ý chính của đoạn văn?
A California chi phối sự tăng trưởng của nền kinh tế Tây Mĩ trong Thế chiến thứ II
B Nền công nghiệp phát triển trong những năm 1940 đã thu hút được rất nhiều người tới Tây Mĩ
C Quân đội rút quân khỏi các công việc dân sự vào những năm 1940
D Tây Mĩ trải qua thời kì tăng trưởng kinh tế dần dần và ổn định từ năm 1900 đến 1940
Trang 11Giải thích: Câu chủ đề là câu đầu tiên của bài: “The economic expansion prompted by the Second World War triggered a spectacular population boom in the West” – (Nền kinh tế phát triển do sự
thúc đẩy của Thế chiến thứ 2 đã gây ra sự bùng nổ dân số ngoạn mục ở bờ Tây nước Mĩ) Các ýtiếp theo đều phát triển và liên quan tới câu chủ đề
+ “As land had served as a magnet for western migrants in the late nineteenth century” – (Việc
đất đai được cung cấp sẵn được ví như 1 thỏi nam châm thu hút người di cư tới bờ Tây vào cuốithế kỉ thứ 19)
+ “Of the more than eight million people who moved into the West in the decade after 1940, almost one-half went to the Pacific coast”– (Hơn 8 triệu người di cư tới Tây Mĩ vào thập kỉ sau
1940, gần 1 nửa trong số đó là đi tới vùng biển Thái Bình Dương)
Question 9: Đáp án B
Câu hỏi từ vựng
A was connect to: được liên hệ với
B generated (v): được phát sinh ra
C interfered with (v): được can thiệp bởi
D illuminated (v): được chiếu sáng, soi rọi
Triggered (v): được gây ra = B generated (v): được phát sinh ra
Question 10: Đáp án D
Tại sao tác giả đề cập tới “những cơn sốt vàng và bạc vào những năm 1850 và 1860” ở đoạn 1?
A Là nguyên nhân khiến dân số tăng dần dần
B Tương phản với các mô hình dân số trước kia
C Minh hoạ cho nền kinh tế thị trường
D Là ví dụ về sự bùng nổ dân số ở bờ Tây
Tạm dịch: “Throughout much of its history, western settlement had been characterized by
spurts, rather than by a pattern of gradual and steady population growth, beginning with the gold and silver rushes of the 1850's and 1860's.” – (Trong suốt chiều dài lịch sử, việc định
cư ở Tây Mĩ được đặc trưng bởi tính bứt phá mạnh mẽ, chứ không phải bằng một mô hìnhdân số tăng dần và ổn định, bắt đầu bằng những cơn sốt vàng và bạc vào những năm 1850 và1860)