TÓM TẮT CÁC BỘ LUẬT HÀNG HẢI CHO SỸ QUAN BOONG

Các ý quan trọng trong các bộ luật hàng hải cho sỹ quan boong phải biết: SOLAS, MARPOL, SMS, MLC, STCW. Những ý chính quan trọng được tóm gọn cho các bộ luật. Giai thích các lỗi giữ tàu liên quan đến luật.

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Update: 06-09-2018

What is SOLAS ?

1 Solas is Safety Of Life At Sea

2 There are 14 chapters in the Solas

3 Solas was set up in 1 974

4 Solas has been amended many times

5 The Mav & November 2014 amendments is last amendments

6 Solas mainly provides standards for building and equipping a ship to ensure safety

of life at sea However SOLAS also has requirements for management of the crew

on board

What is MARPOL 73178 ? l

1 Marpol is Maritime Pollution Prevention

2 There are 6 Annexes in the MarPol

3 Marpol was set up in 1973 and modified by the 1978 Protocol

4 Marpol has been amended many times

5 The October 2017 amendments is last amendments

6 Marpol 73178 was established in order to prevent the pollution of marine environment by

discharges into the sea from ships of harmful substances or effluents contalning such

substances

What are STCW Convention and STCW Code?

1 STCW Convention was set up on 7 July 1 978 and entered into force on 28 April 1984 and

amended in 1991, 1994, '1995, 1997, 1998, 2004,2006 and 2010

2 The Conference of Parties to the STCW Convention, which was held from 26 June to 7 July

1995 adopted STCW code and amended in 1997, 1998, 2000, 2003,2004,2005, 2006 and

2010

3 The STCW Convention has 8 chapters

4 The STCW Code has two parts: PartA (B Chapters) & Part B (8 Chapters)

1 Part A, mandatory provisions to which specific reference is made in the annex to thr

STCW Convention and which give in detail, the minimum standards required to be

maintained by parties in order to give full and complete effect to the provisions of

STCW Conveniion; and in

2 Parl B, recommended guidance to assist Parties to the STCW Convention and those involved in implementing, applying or enforcing its measures to give the STCW

' Convention full and complete effect in a uniform manner

5 The June 2010 amendments is last amendments

6 STCW 2010 contains mandatory provisions These provisions give in detail the minimum standards required io be maintained by the Parties Also contained standards of

competence required to be demonstrated by candidates for the issue and revalidation of

certifi cates of competency

What is MLC - 2006 ?

1 MLC - 2006 is Maritime Labour Convention 2006

2 MLC - 2006 was set up in 2006 by ILO

3 The Convention embodies all upto-date standards of existing international maritime labour Convention and Recommendatlons, as well as the fundamental principles to be found in

other international labour Conventions

4 The Convention to be divided as follow:

1 The contains of the Convention

2 The contains ofthe Regulations and the Code

5 The Convention has entered into force on 20th Aug 2013

What is ISPS Code ?

l.lsPsCodeislnternationalshipandPortFacilitySecurityCode

2 ISPS Code was set uP in 2002 bY IMO

3 The objectives of this Code are

.toestablishaninternationalframeworktodetecUassesssecuritythreatsandtake

preventive ,"u.ri" against security incidents affecting ships or port facilities;

to establish i;;;;rp";ff; roles and'responsibilities of all these parties concerned, at thenationalandinternationallevel,forensuringmaritimeSecunty;

to provide a n1"tf1"O"i"gy for security assessmints so as to have in place plans and

procedures io react to changing security levels;

to ensure i""tiO"n"" that aieq-uate and proportionate maritime security measures are in Place

4 ISPS Code has became mandatory on 1St July 2004)

What is ISM Code ?

1 ISM Code is lnternational Safety Management Code

2 ISM Code was adopted in 1993 as resolution A'741(18)

3 ISM Code has been amended 4 times

' amended ln December 2000 - entered into force 1 July 2002

' amended in O""etO"t 2004 - entered into force 1 J uly 2006

' amended in Hllay ZOOS - entered into force I Janury 2009

' amended in Oe6"tnO"t 2008 - entered into force 1 Jan' 2010

4 ' The purpos" ot rdHrr-doo" is to provioe an international standard for the safe management

anO bperation of ships and for pollution prevention

5 The objectives of the code are to

"nrur" .uf"ty at sea,

prevention.of human injury or loss of

life, and uuolo"n"u'Jt u"r"g" t" the environment, in particular, to the marine environment

and to ProPertY

o Grtf C,jJ"'tuqrir" u Ship Management Company shall have a SMS'

What is a SMS

1 SMS is SafetY Management SYstem

2 SMS should have the following objectives:

1 provide to-r."J" pr".ti"!s in ship operation and a safe working environment

2.Assessallidentifiedriskstoitsships,personnelandtheenvironmentandestablish

' aPProPriate safeguard; and

3.Continuouslyimfirovesafetymanagementskillsofpersonnel'ashoreandaboard ships,includingpreparingforemergenciesrelatedbothtosafetyandenvironment Protection '

3 SMS should ensure:

l Compliance with mandatory rules and regulation; and

2.Thatappiicautecode,guidelinesandstandardsrecommendedorganization, nOminisiiations, Jasiiiication societies and maritime industry organizaiions are

taken into account'

4 SMS includes the following functional requirements:

'1 A safety environment protection policv

2 lnstructions and procedures to ensure safe operation of ships and protection of the

"nulron,i"it in .!rpri"n"" with relevant inteinational and flag State legislation

3 Defined levels of authority and lines of communication between, and amongst, shore

and shiPboard Personnel

a proceorre ioi rlporting accidents anf non-comformities with the provisions of this Code

5 Procedures to prepare for and respond to emergency situations; and

6 Procedures for internal audits and management reviews'

What is MSDS ?

1 MSDS is Material Safety Data Sheet

2 A Material Safety Data Sheet is:

a document that contains information on the chemical make-up, use, storage,

handling, emergency procedures and potential health effects related to a hazardous material

The MSDS contains much rnore information about the material than the label on the container

MSDSs are prepared and written by the manufacturer of the material

3 The purpose of an MSDS is to inform you of:

The material's chemical make-up

The material's physical properties or fast acting health effects that makes it

dangerous to handle

The level of protective gear you need to wear to work safely with the material

The first aid treatment to be provided when someone is exposed to the material

The preplanning needed for safely handling spills, fires, and dayto-day operations. How to respond to accidents

4 There are 8 categories of information that must be present on an MSDS:

Chemical ldentity

Health Hazard Data

Manufacturer information

Precautions for Safe Handling and Use

Hazardous ingredients

Exposure controls/personal protection

Physical and chemical properties

Fire and Explosion Hazard Data

1 Reactivity Data

Even with all oitfre above information on an MSDS, it might not have everything you need

to know about a material For example, health hazard information is usually presented in

general terms Your health and safety specialist should be able to help you find more

information if it is needed

2 Why is an MSDS hard to read?

Originally, MSDSs were intended to be used by industrial hygienists, chemical engineers and safety professionals Now, MSDSs are used by employers, employees, emergency responders and anyone else requiring information on a material

3 When would I use an MSDS?

You should always know the hazards of a material before you start using it For most people who work with a material, ihere are sections of the MSDS that are more important than

others You should always read the name of the material, know the hazards, understand the safe handling and storage requirements, and understand what to do in an emergency

4 Some MSDSs look very different from others

This is because law specifies the conient of the MSDS, but the format is left up to the

manufacturer of the material

5 Hazard Communication Standard

MSDSs form the cornerstone of this standard The Hazard Communication standard

requires employers to; maintain an inventory of hazardous materlals, provide employees

training on the potential hazards associated with a material, obtain and maintain MSDSs for

each material onsite, establish proper methods and types of labels, and inform contractors

of the hazards that their employees may be exposed to in their work area

WhY do we have knowledge of

SOLAS, MARPOL, STCW and MLC-2006?

SOLAS

ForknowingwhathavetodotoensureSafetyoflifeatseawhenworkingonboard

the shiPs

.D6bietphdilrimnhonggid6dambdoantodnSinhmangtrenbienkhildmvi6ctr6ntiiu MARPOL

Forknowingwhathavetodotoprotectmarineenvironmentwhenworkingon

board the shiPs

D6 biCt phai lirm nhftng gi O6 bdo v6 mdi truong bi6n khi ldm vi6c tr6n tdu

STCW

For knowing what have to have when working on board the ships

D6 biet phai c6 nhirng ki6n thr?c vir k'i ndng gi khi ldm vi6c tr6n tdu

MLC-2006

For knowing whatwill be enjoyed when working on board the ships

OC biet dugc hudng nh0ng gi khi lAm vi6c tr6n tdu

1 C6c gi6i hqn vd s5 gid lAm viQc vA nghi ngcri nhu sau

(a) 56 gio lirm viec t6i da kh6ng duqc qu6:

(i) 14 gio trong khoing thoi gian 24 gio li6n tuc bAt ky; vd

(ii) 72 gicv trong khoAng thoi gian bdy ngdy lien tr'rc bAt kV; hoic

(b) 56 gio nghi ngoi t6i thi6u khOng duqc it hcvn

(i) 10 gio trong khodng thcri gian24 gio li6n tr;c bAt ki'; va

(ii) 77 gicr trong khoing thoi gian b6y ngdy lien tlic bet ky

Z S6 gio nghi ngoi c6 th6 dugc chia ra khdng qud hai dgt' mqt dEt it nhet 6 gio vd thoi gian

-

giol caJOEt nghi li6n ti6p kh6ng qu6 14 gict

3 Vi€c tAp trung, thrfc t?p ct?u sinh, criu h6a vir cZrc th\rc tap duEc quy dlnh bdi cAc vin bdn phAp luQt vA cdc quv.dini"'i,6;si;;; ca9.va1 kien qu6c t6' phdi duqc ti6n hdnh sao cho

han ch6 d6n muc tf.ap

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lAm cho hq qud met m6i

Gio ldm viQc vd nghi ngoi tr6n tdu

Trich trong Ti6u chuAn A2.3 - Gid ldm vi6c vir nghi ngoi

GiO tdu li6n quan cl6n SOLAS

1 H0 dAy chAn vit, c6c m6y m6c chtl y6u khdc c[ng nhu thiet bi dien vAn hdrnh kh6ng d0ng

2 Bu6ng m6y kh6ng sach s6,.h6n hqp dAu nudc trong la canh-nhiOu hon quy dinh, vat li€u

bqc c6rch ly cAc 6ng, k6 cd 6ng tho6t trong bu6ng mdry bi nhi6m dAu, vAn hdnh kh6ng dring

he th6ng bom la canh

3 Mdy ddn sr,r c6, he th6ng 6nh s6ng vd 5c quy vA c6ng tdc sir dqng khdng dring

4 Mdy l6i chlnh, mdy ldi srr c6 van hdnh kh6ng dtng

5 Cec thiet bi crlu sinh c6 nhdn, xu6ng crlru sinh vd cdc thiet bi ha thuy xu6ng thieu, kh6ng dri

hoic b! h6ng

6 He thOng phdt hiQn chay, hQ th6ng b6o chAy, thi6t bi crlvu hod,.cac thiet b! cLru hod c6 d!nh.

c6c van thOng gi6' van cuu hod vd c6c thi6t bi d6ng nhanh thi6u, kh6ng phit hgp hoic hu

h6ng nghi6m trong

7 Ddn, hien vat treo theo nguy6n t5c tr6nh va, cdc thi6t bi Am thanh thi6u, khong phir hEp

hoac h6ng h6c nghi6m trong

8 Thiet b! thdng tin li6n lac an todn vd cfu nan thi6u hoac vAn hdnh khong d0ng

9 Thi6u hai dO da ducyc tu chinh, hodc nhong 5n phAm hdng hdi li6n quan kh6c cAn thiet cho

chuy6n di du ki€n

10.56 luEng, thdrnh phAn hoac giSy chung nhQn cria thuydn vi6n khong phir hop vdi giSy

ch0ng nhQn dinh bi6n an todn

11 Kh6ng thwc hiOn k5 hoach ki6m tra tdu theo tling yeu cAu crla HTQLAT

GiO tdu li6n quan cl6n MARPOL

1 Thi6u, h6ng n{ng hodc vAn hdnh kh6ng dring c6c thiet bi phan ly dAu ndc, hQ th6ng ki6m

tra vd gi6rns6t viec tnai dAu hoac thiet bi diing bom la canh, thi6t bi cAp b6o 15 phAn trieu

2 Srlc chripa cdn lai c0a ket lSng vri / hoac k6t ddu cdn kh6ng di cho chuy6n di drf ki6n

3 Kh6ng c6 nhqtkf dAu, nhit kf dAu ghi sai, ghi kh6ng chinh x6c

4 Kh6ng dgc ph6p I5p d{t dong 6ng phu th6i dAu.

5 Kh6ng c6 nh4t kf r6c th6i, nhQt kf r6c thAi ghi sai, ghi kh6ng dAy dLi

6 Kh6ng c6 s6 qudn lV r6c

7 R6c thdi kh6ng dgc phAn loai, x[r lf theo d[ng quy dinh

8 Viec ki6m soAt khi thdi c6 ddp fng y6u cAu trong phu luc Vl - Marpol 73178: Ki6m sodt chAt

ldrm suy giAm tAng 6 z6n, khi NOx, SOx, ld d6t rec vA vi6c nhAn nhi6n lieu l6n tdu

GiO tdu li6n quan d6n SCTW

'1 Thuy6n vi6n khOng co giSy chung nhQn, kh6ng c6 giSy chrlng nhQn thich hgp, kh6ng c6 mi6n trrlr hqp l€ hoac kh6ng th6 cung cAp chr?ng crl vin b6n chrlrng minh l?r dd trinh don xin

ph6 duyQt cho chinh phri

2 Khdng tuAn th0 nhOng yeu cAu dinh bi6n an todn t6l thi6u dang 6p dung crla chinh quy6n

3 86 tri truc ca hdng hii, ca mdy kh6ng phi hgp vcri nhong y6u cAu md chinh quy6n quy dinh cho tdru.

4 Thi6u ngucri truc c6 ndng lr,rc d6 vQn hdrnh nh0ng thi6t bi chi y6u nhim hdng hdi vir thdng tin an todn hoic phong ngira 6 nhi6m bi6n

5 Kh6ng c6 khd ndng thr,rc hien trtrc ca dAu tien khi b6t dAu chuy6n di vd sau d6 khOng c6 nguoi cld dugc nghi ngcri dAy di thay ca Hay n6i khaic di ld kh6ng c6 ngucri thich hgp vdi

nhiem vu thay th6

6 ThuyAn vi6n kh6ng c6 khd ndng giao ti6p vdi ngudi ngodi trong c6ng vi6c

Giir tiru li6n quan cl6n MLG 2006

CAc trudng hqp co th6 bi luu giir tdru tai cAng

1 Th/vi6n b6t k!' dtrdi '16 tu6i lam viec tr6n tdu;

2.Th/vi6nduoilStu6ithamgiavdoc6cc6ngviQccokhdnAnggAynguyhi6mchosrlckhde

' #;";toan cr]a r'q h#c thuc hiOn cOng vi6c vdo ban dem;

3 KhOng dirp fng c6c y6u cAu cia gi6y ch0ng nhOn dinh bi6n an todn;

4'Khi6mkhuyetViphamcacquy6nvdhguy6ntSccobdnho{cvi6clirmvdrquy6nxdhQicia

if-tuyen vien tai c6c Di6u lll' lV;

5 Ldp lai truong hqp thu6n vi6n kh6ng c6 giSy chring nhQn phir hqp y te cdn hi6u luc;

6 Th/vi6n tr6n cung mot tiru kh6ng c6 th6a thuQn lam viQc cria thuyen vi6n cdn hi6u lqrc;

7.Th/vi6nc6cdcthdatr'uan"ochuac6cdi6ukho6ntuch6iquyencriathuy6nvi6nduqc '

CO.g *"" quY dinh;

B Th/viOn d6 nhi6u lAn duoc y6u cAu vi pham c6c quy dinh ve gicr ldm vi6c vd nghi ngcri'

9 He th6ng th6ng gi6, di6u hda khong khi hodc.sudi 5m khdng ldm vi6c hodc kh6ng dAy drl;

10 Khu v\rc sinh hoat bao g6m cA-khu vqrc dn u6ng vd-c6c phuong tiQn ve sinh' kh6ng hqp vQ

" :il ;;;;;a, ti"ng ini& bithi6u hoac khons hoat dons;

ll.ThrlcphAmvirnuocu6ngkh6ngphnhqpv6ch/luqngvds6lugngchoc6cchuyendidql

dinh;

12 Kh6ng duy tri hudng dan y t6' tri thu6c y te' hoac thi6t bi y tO ' theo yeu cau;

,l3.Kh6ngc6bdrcsychotdukhdrchch&iirl00nguoitrOl6nth/hiench/diQ/t6dirihonba

ngay

14 KhOng c6 thuy6n vi€n chiu trAch nhigm phu trAch chdm s6c y t6 tr6n tau'

15.V6 ti6n luong, l{p lqi truong ho'n f.!9nO-thanh to6n' hoqc khOng'thanh to6n trong mot thoi

gian dAng x6, iroaclia mqo-cdc tdi klrodn vO iiA" i"""s hoac Jo nhi6u hon mOt tdi khoAn ti6n luong

Giw tdu li6n quan diln loadlines

1 C6ckhuvucquantrgngbi an9rd1 nhi6u'tonv6'cActAmgiag{]lOttenboongvdv6t6nbi

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tnrtt tarn thJi Oe cnay tdi mQt cdng kh6c srla chira'

2 Tiru kh6ng 6n dinh v6 thd vrrng

3 Thi6u th.ng tin dAy d0 d6 thuyen trudng bdng bien phdp nhanh chong,.don gidn co th6 b6 tri x6p hdng, b#|;il".;;;,v5n glo o;q" ti;;b; ;i;; 0a tdu d mqithcli di6m voi circ di6u kien kh6c nt-rau c.a chuy.n di ua

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