Teaching Comparatives and superlatives to the students of class 10A1 at Quan Son 2 upper Secondary school in Quan Son, Thanh Hoa 1 Table of content Page Chapter 1 Introduction 2 1 1 Rationale 3 1 2 Research scope 3 1 3 Aim of the study 3 1 4 Methods of the study 3 Chapter 2 Literature review 3 2 1 An overviewon Language Teaching Methods 3 2 2 The Process of teaching comparatives and superlatives 4 Chapter 3 The application of process approach in teaching comparatives and superlatives to the stud[.]
Trang 1Table of content
Page
Chapter 1: Introduction……… 2
1.1 Rationale……… 3
1.2 Research scope……… … 3
1.3 Aim of the study……… 3
1.4 Methods of the study……… .3
Chapter 2: Literature review……… .3
2.1 An overviewon Language Teaching Methods………3
2.2 The Process of teaching comparatives and superlatives………4
Chapter 3: The application of process approach in teaching comparatives and superlatives to the students of class 12A1 at Quan Son 2 Upper Secondary school……….13
3.1 The purpose……… .13
3.2 The participants……… 13
3.3 Time and the process of this application……….14
Chapter 4: Conclusion 15
References
Trang 2Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Rationale for the study
English may not be the most spoken language in the world, but it is the official language in a large number of countries It is estimated that the number of people in the world that use in English to communicate on a regular basis is 2 billion!
English is the dominant business language and it has become almost a necessily for people to speak English if they are to enter a global workforce, research from all over the world shows that cross-border business communication is most often conducted in English Its importance in the global market place therefore cannot be understated, learning English really can change your life
In the National curriculum, English is one of the core subjects, which are complusory in the high school final examination Therefore, students have to study all the English skills for their tests However, there still exist many difficulties facing teachers in teaching English to students, especially those from ethnic minorities
Quan Son is one of the mountainous districts of Thanh Hoa province The living condition and studying condition are poor and restrict Most of the students of Quan Son 2 upper – secondary school are ethnic minorities such as Thai, Muong, Mong Ethnic minority students mainly use their mother tongue to communicate inside their families and small communities
As a result, ethnic minority students fail to make progress in learning English Especially, they have many difficulties in learning English grammar One of the most difficult grammar parts that students have to face
is comparatives and superlatives
For these reasons, I would like to choose the topic “teaching
Comparatives and superlatives to the students of class 10A1 at Quan Son 2 upper- secondary school in
Trang 3Quan Son, Thanh Hoa” in the hope of supplying upper-secondary students, especially the students of class 10A1 at Quan Son 2 upper- secondary school with enough knowledge of comparatives and superlaives
1.2 Reseach scope
The study focuces on applying process approach in teaching comparatives and superlatives to the students who are in grade 10 so that they can have enough knowledge to do exercises related with comparatives and superlatives
1.3 Aim of the study
The study is aimed to teach comparatives and superlatives for the grade-10- students
1.4 Methods of the study
In order to achieve the above aim, the teacher supplies or teaches the necessary knowledge about process approach and an overview of comparatives and superlatives to the students After that, students will have time to practise them and get feedback as well as correction from their friends and teacher
Chapter 2: Literature review
2.1 An overview on Language Teaching Methods
In the discussion of the history of Language Teaching Methods, it can be understandable that a teaching method which may be effective at one point of time in history may still be ineffective at the other point This dynamic character of the language teaching goals make the history of foreign language teaching ever-changing, ever-adapting Moreover, one method is replaced by another it does not mean that the former is worse than the latter and will be thrown into the wastebasket of history It only means that the replaced method fails to correspond to a certain need at a certain time in history As a result, the history of foreign language teaching method is not the history of replacement of one method by another Rather, it would be the history of
Trang 4methods have been envolved for the teaching of English and also other foreign language in the past; howerver in Viet Nam three method which enjoy significant use and dominate the language teaching are the Grammar – Translation, the Audio – lingual method and the Communicative language teaching
2.2.The process of teaching comparatives and superlatives
Theory of comparatives and superlatives
Most English adjectives are short words and form their comparatives and superlatives using particles
-er -than for comparatives.
-est - in for superlatives.
in other cases longer forms are preferred, as follows
more………… than
the most ………in
* spelling of shorter comparatives and superlatives.
+ One syllable adjectives simply ad the ending to their basic forms,
clean -cleaner -the cleanes
hard -harder -the hardest
+ When a short adjective contains the group:
fat -fatter -the fattest
sad -sadder -the saddest
thin -thinner -the thinnest
+ Whenever the adjective ends in '-e', it only adds -r or -st
nice -nicer -the nicest
late -later -the latest
Trang 5+ Some two-syllable adjectives end in '-y' and form their comparative by changing into '-i' + -er/-est:
tidy -tidier -the tidiest
busy -busier -the busiest
but shy -shyer -the shyest
+ The following endings in two-syllable adjectives form regular comparatives and superlatives
-er -clever -cleverer -the cleverest
-le -humble -humbler -the humblest
-ow -narrow -narrower -the narrowest
and others as well:
pleasant -pleasanter -the pleasantest
common -commoner -the commonest
However, it is safer to use the longer form with 'more' and 'most for 1.5
more humble than -the most humble
more pleasant than -the most pleasant
* Some adjectives have specific irregular forms These are the most
common:
good -better -the best
bad -worse -the worst
far -farther -the farthest
much -more -the most
many
* Comparison and superlative of longer adjectives.
Some adjectives always use the longer comparison structure:
Trang 6more… than
the most ………in/of
+ Adjectives of two syllables ending in known suffixes
famous -more famous than -the most famous
careful -more careful -the most careful
expensive -more expensive -the most expensive
boring/bored -more bored/boring -the most boring/bored
* Most can mean the largest majority of
'Most doctors recommend not to smoke.'
* Comparatives with '-er and -er'
two comparatives, of any kind, joined by 'and' can convey the idea of increase
or decrease Usually verbs like, GET, GROW or BECOME are used
My children are getting taller and taller.
Travelling abroad has become MORE AND MORE EXPENSIVE.
* The + comparative+ the + comparative
this structure implies a cause - effect relationship between both adjectives It can take place with both short and long comparatives, either adjectives or
adverbs(1)
The faster(1) she walks, the thirstier she gets
The longer he talked, the more interested they looked
* Intensifiers with the comparative
a bit -a bit colder than
much -much more interesting
a lot -a lot more careful
+ Intensifiers with the superlative.
Trang 7Ex This is by far the most dangerous mountain
It much the most expensive bit of land in the city.
* Other comparative structures.
These comparative structures are very frequent and should be remembered Switzerland is twice as expensive as Spain = more expensive and double
Boys are three times as likely to have accidents as girls
* The same as/different from
He doesn't earn the same as she ( does )
Or with a verb
Valencia didn't play the same way as they used to
We have a different car from last year
Or
We played in a different way from last year/………differently from last year
* as………….as to indicate the same degree/ not so………… as for lower
degree
Some motorbikes are as expensive as cars
A cat is not so faithful as a dog
with nouns much and many becomes necessary.
They haven't got as much oxygen as they think, so they'll have to come down
We need as many blankets as possible for the injured people.
* AS / LIKE
LIKE is a `preposition and is followed by noun or pronoun:
She's like her mother: always laughing
AS is a conjunction and is followed by a clause with a subject and a verb.
Trang 8When in Rome do as the Romans do.
* AS IF / AS THOUGH.
Both are used in the same way in comparisons They are followed by a
past tense with a present meaning and WERE for the verb 'to be'.
It looks as if it had rained a lot around here
He looks as if he were the happiest man on earth
REVISION EXERCISES.
Exercise 1: Put the adjectives in brackets into the form which best suits the meaning of the sentence
1 That is (incredible) story I have ever heard!
2 It is not always (bright) students who do well in tests
3 Fibre shirts are harder-wearing, but cotton shirts are
much (comfortable),
4 Which is (deep), Lake Garda or Lake Iseo ?
5 She is much (self-confident) than she used to be
6 (tall) man in Manresa is a basketball player
7 I like both of them, but I think Michael is (easy) to talk to
8 Most people are (well off) than their parents were
9 She has a lot to be thankful for (sad) thing of all is that she does not realize it
10 I want to rent a car - (powerful) one you have
11 You look a lot (well) than you did last time I
saw you
12 There is nothing (irritating) than locking yourself out of your own house
13 Both roads lead to the city centre, but the left-hand one is probably a
bit (short) and (direct)
Trang 914 As I get (old), I notice that the policemen seem to be getting (young)!
15 Nothing could be (fine) than to be in Carolina (song title)
16 'Is Cambridge (old) university in Britain?' 'No, Oxford is about
50 years (old).'
17 If you were (tidy) and (well-organized) than you are, you would not keep losing things
18 The boys in our school are much (good- looking) and a lot (good) at football than the boys in other schools in the town
Exercise 2:
1 Aeroplanes are generally (fast) than helicopters.
2 Since I bought my car, I have (little) money than I did before
3 Pompeu Fabra University is not (old) the Barcelona University
4 The weather today is much (warm) than it was yesterday
5 I can't babysit for your baby brother I haven't got (much)
patience as I used to
6 Mar's dad bought her a puppy yesterday It was (good) present she has ever received
7 In England, the name Tom is (common) than the name Wilbur
8 The damage was far (bad) than we had expected
9 Trevor is just (active) Alan in student politics ,
10 The new pupil is (clever) at English than many of the other pupils in his class
11 I think that is (beautiful) painting I've ever seen
12 It looks like there are (few) people at the party than we
expected
13 Flights to England are (frequent) than flights to China from this airport
Trang 1014 My sister cooked the (bad) meal I have ever eaten.
15 Xavier is not (short) than his sister
16 This gallery is not (interesting) the one we saw in Florence
17 My shoes are in (good) condition than yours
18 It is (noisy) in the city centre than it is in the suburbs
Exercise 3: Fill in the blanks with the superlative form of the adjective in
brackets
1 London is _(large) city in England
2 The Alps are (high) mountains in Europe
3 According to the map, this is (direct) route to Barcelona
4 That was (bad) film I have ever seen
5 I did not enjoy that book It was (exciting) out of all the books I've read
6 David is (funny) person I know
7 The old city of Florence is (interesting) city in Italy
8 This is (delicious) spaghetti I have ever eaten
9 Your friend is (unpleasant) person I've ever met I hope I never see him again
10 What is (good) way to get to Roger's house?
Exercise 4
1 Peter is the……… student in my class
a taller than b so tall as c the tallest d tallest
2 The deep oceans contain some of the………… of all living creatures
a strangest b strange c as strange as d stranger
3 Jane is not……… her brother
a more intelligent as b intelligent as
c so intelligent as d so intelligent that
Trang 114 He drives as……… his father does.
a careful as b more carefully c the most careful d carefully as
5 What's the………….film you've ever seen?
6 Jane is………… age as Mary
a as same b the most same c the same d more same
7 I'll be there………I can
a sooner as b no sooner as c as soon as d soonest as
8 Hotels have developed………… restaurants
a as rapidly as b so rapidly that c as rapid as d as rapid than
9 Commercial centres are………… they were many years ago
a as popular than b the most popular
c more popular than d most popular than
10 Computer are considered as………… tools today
a much modern than b the most modern
c modern as d more modern
11 A supermarket is………… a shopping centre
a less convenient as b not so convenient than
c less convenient than d the most convenient as
12 Vietnam becomes………to foreign tourists
a most and most attractive b the more attractive
c much and ore attractive d more and more attractive
13 Can Tho is………from Saigon than Bien Hoa is
a farther b further c far d farer
14 Bao Yen sings……… than this singer
a well b better c gooder d more good
15 Of all the ball-point pens, which one do you like……….?
a best b the best c most d the most
16 The………… we start, the sooner we will be back
a early b earliest c earlier d more early
Trang 1217 The sooner, the………
a better b best c good d more good
18 The harder this farmer works,……….he becomes
a the poorest b the poorer c the more poor d poorer
19 My father is………as yours
20 HCM city is………than Hanoi
a large b largest c more large d larger
* Keys:
Exercise 1:
1 the most incredible 10 the most powerful
2 brighter 11 better
3 more comfortable 12 more irritating
4 deeper 13 shorter – director
5 more confident 14 older – younger
6 the tallest 15 finer
7 easier 16 the oldest – older
8 better off 17 tidier – more well – organized
9 the saddest 18 more goog – looking, better
Exercise 2:
1 faster 10 cleverer
2 less 11 the most beautiful
3 the oldest 12 less
4 warmer 13 more frequent
5 more 14 the worst