T6 Huy Rifa* 1 - Khai quat vai tro cua Cach mang Thang Mudi Nga do'i vdi phong trao each mang the gidi va Viet Nam Cach day 92 nam, vao ngay 7-11-1917, clLfdi sii lanh dao cua Dang Cong
Trang 1CACH MANG THANG MUAl NGA VA SU NGHIEP XAY DUNG, BAO V$ Td QU(3C VT$T NAM HI$N NAY
PGS TS T6 Huy Rifa*
1 - Khai quat vai tro cua
Cach mang Thang Mudi Nga do'i
vdi phong trao each mang the gidi
va Viet Nam
Cach day 92 nam, vao
ngay 7-11-1917, clLfdi sii
lanh dao cua Dang Cong
san (B6n-se-vfch) Nga
dilng dau la V.I.Lenin vT
dai, Cach m a n g T h a n g
Mudi Nga gianh thang loi
va da di vao lich svi nhan
loai nha mot SL/ kien vT dai
nhat cua the ky 20, md dSu
thdi dai mdi - thdi dai qua
do len chu nghTa xa hoi
(CNXH) tren pham vi toan
the gidi Cach mang Thang
Madi da thdc tinh cac dan
toe bi ap bdc, soi sang con
du'dng phat trien, tien len
xay diing C N X H Thang loi
cua Cach m a n g T h a n g
Madi khang d i n h ban chat
khoa hoc va each mang
cua Chu nghTa M a c
-Lenin, cung cap nhdng bai
hoc lich sd vo gia cho cac
cuoc each mang vl doc lap
dan toe va C N X H Trong
mot thdi gian khong d a i , td
mpt nu'dc tU ban trung b i n h
Lien Xo da trd thanh mot
quo'c gia hung m a n h , la Idc
liJpng chu yeu cdu nhan
loai thoat khdi tham hoa
cua ehu nghTa phat-xit, tao
* Uy vien Bo Chinh irj, Bi thu Trung
uong Dang, TrUdng ban Tuyen giao
Trung UOng, Chu tich Hoi cl6ng If
luan Trung UOng
V.I.Lenin trong phong lam viec d dien Krem-Lin (thang 10/1918)
Anh: TTXVN
dieu kien cho mdt loat nu'dc Dong Au va chau A, sau dd la M y La-tinh, tien hanh thang loi each mang giai phdng dan toe va tdng bude qua do len C N X H Cach mang Thang MUdi da pha vd mot mang Idn cua the gidi tU ban, tao d i ^ u kien eho nhieu quo'c gia vd'n la thupc dia gianh dpe lap dan tpc va td quyet djnh van menh phat trien eua m i n h Dupe ed vu bdi thang Ipi cua Cach mang
T h a n g M u d i va sU m d dudng eho thdi dai mdi do chfnh cupc each mang dd tao ra, eac dan tpc sau khi gianh dupe dpe lap dan tpc
da cd the qua dp di len
C N X H M d ra kha nang va trien vpng tdt dep dd cua lich sd la mpt cd'ng hien vd gia cua Cach mang Thang
Mudi dd'i vdi nhan loai
0 day, khdng the khdng ndi den cdng lao vT dai eua V.I.Le-nin vdi nhdng phat kien ly luan cua NgUdi Thang ipi cua Cach mang Thang MUdi va sU ra ddi eua nUdc Nga Xd-vie't da lam eho C N X H td mdt hpe thuyet ly luan trd thanh
mpt Che do xa hoi kieu
mdi Td day, CNTB t^a bi phu dinh ve mat nguyen tac va vl the, cae dan tpc
vd'n la thupc dia va lac hau, edn dang d eac quan he tien T B C N , tren eon dUdng phat trien cua m i n h , cd the
bd qua che dp TBCN de qua dp di len C N X H Dde lap dan tpc gan lien vdi
C N X H trd thanh xu the khach quan eua phat trien, phu hpp vdi Idgieh ljch s d
tu nhien ma eac nha kinh
H P CHI THOHII TIN DOI NGOAISO 111
2009
Trang 2dien cua Chu nghTa M a c
-Lenin da neu ra va Chu tich
Ho Chi M i n h da sdm nhan
thay, dd la eon dUdng phat
trien eua each mang Viet
Nam Danh gia ve Cach
mang Thang M U d i , Chu
tich Ho Chf M i n h da khang
d i n h : "Giong nhU mat trdi
choi loi, Cach mang Thang
Mudi chieu sang khap
nam chau, thtfc tinh hang
trieu, hang trieu ngUdi bi
ap bOc, bdc lot tren trai
dat Trong lich suf loai
ngUdi, chua tCfng cd cuoc
each mang nao cd y nghTa
to Idn va sau xa nhif the"
Cach mang Thang MUdi
Nga la ngudn cd vu to Idn
dd'i vdi each mang Viet
Nam Di theo con dUdng
eua Cach m a n g T h a n g
Mudi, Dang ta do Chu tich
Ho Chf M i n h sang lap va
ren luyen, ngay td khi ra
ddi, da giuong cao ngpn cd
dpe lap dan tpc va C N X H ,
I5nh dao nhan dan lam
cudc Cach m a n g Thang
Tam nam 1945 thanh cdng,
tie'n hanh thang Ipi hai cupc
khang chien danh thang
hai de qude to la Phap va
M y , dUa ea nUde di len
C N X H , bao ve vdng chac
chu quyen bien gidi qudc
gia va lam trdn nghTa vu
qude te cao ca; tie'n hanh
cdng cude doi mdi da't nUdc
dat duoc nhdng thanh tUu to
Idn va cd y nghTa lich sd
Xet ve ban chat va xu
hudng phat t r i e n k h a c h
quan cua lich sd trong the
ky 20, thang loi cua each
mang Viet Nam trong 79
nam qua, trUde he't, dd chfnh la thang Ipi eua Chu nghTa Mac - Lenin dupe Dang Cpng san Viet Nam van dung va phat trien sang tao vao dieu kien lich sd cu the eua nUde ta Thang Ipi
dd cd nguon gd'c sau xa va trUe tie'p td anh hudng cua Cach mang Thang MUdi Nga Dd la ket qua cua sU nhan thdc sau sac ve xu the
va quy luat khach quan eua
sU phat trien lich sd, vd sdc manh vT dai eua giai cap cdng nhan, nhan dan lad ddng va nhdng ngUdi bj ap bdc, bdc lot dupe thdc tinh, tap hpp va doan ke't dUdi sU lanh dao cua mpt Dang kieu mdi - Dang each mang chan chfnh mang ban chat giai cap cdng nhan, pha'n da'u de'n cung eho thang lpi cua C N X H va CNCS Chu tich Ho Chf M i n h da khang
dinh: "Viet Nam cd cau tue
ngQ: "Uong nUdc nhd ngudn" Cang nhd lai nhQng ngay tui nhuc mat nQde, nhd lai moi bUdc dudng dau tranh each mang day hy sinh, gian khd
ma cung day thang lai ve vang thi giai cap cong nhan
va nhan dan lao dong Viet Nam cang tham thia cong
an to Idn CLia Lenin va Cach mang Thang MQdi"
2 • SI/ chong pha cua chu
nghTa de quo'c doi vdi thanh qua cua cuoc Cach mang Thang Mu^di Nga, phong trao each mang the gidi va Viet Nam hien nay Sau khi V I L e n i n t d tran, cupc da'u tranh tren
mat tran chfnh tri, tU tUdng xoay quanh ehu de Cach mang Thang MUdi didn ra khdng ngdng Cud'i nhdng nam 8 0 , dau nhdng nam
90 cua the ky 20, da xay ra
sU sup d d che dp X H C N d cac nude Ddng Au va Lien
Xd Cac the lUc c h d n g cpng, chdng C N X H nhan
CO hdi dd khdng ngdt tuyen truyen ve "sU lam lae lich sd" cua Cach mang Thang MUdi, vd "sU cao chung cua Chu nghTa cdng san"
Ve dieu nay, chfnh triet gia ndi tie'ng ngUdi Nga A D i -nd-vi-ep, mdt trong nhdng nhan chdng lich sd cua Cach mang Thang MUdi va
sU ra ddi cua nUdc Nga Xd-viet thdi Lenin, du sau nay
do bat ddng chfnh kie'n, sd'ng luu vong d nUdc
n g o a i , v a n d a n h g i a :
"Trong lich sQ loai ngUdi, chQa cd mot che do nao lam dQac nhieu dieu den nhu vay cho quang dai quan chung nhan dan" SU
sup do' che dp X H C N d Lien Xd va Ddng Au cd nguyen nhan sau xa va true tie'p, khach quan va chu quan Can lUu y mpt sU that lich sd la, CNTB phat trien dupe nhU ngay nay, d
t r i n h dp CNTB hien d a i , da phai trai qua 4 0 0 - 500 nam, td nhdng cupc each
m a n g tU san d a u t i e n ehd'ng phong kie'n chuyen che, giai phdng lUc lUpng san xua't va p h a t t r i e n
m a n h me phuong thdc san xua't T B C N Trong khi d d ,
C N X H hien thUc, t d khi ra
TAP CHl IHONG I I H 001 HGOAISO TU
Trang 3Hl/dNG DAN CHI DAO I ddi de'n nay, mdi ehUa day
mdt the ky Hon nda, phan
Idn eac nUde X H C N lai ra
ddi theo phuOng thdc "phat
trien rut n g a n " bd qua che'
dp T B C N Loai hinh phat
trien nay la hoan toan mdi
me, chUa cd tien le lich sd
Khai pha mot eon dudng
phat trien mdi la he't sdc
khd khan, phdc tap, do dd
nhdng vap vap, sai lam,
khuyet diem ma cac nUdc
XHCN da mac phai trong
xay dUng C N X H , trong dd
cd nUdo ta la dieu khd
tranh khdi Sau xa la do lUc
lupng san xua't edn lae
hau, kem phat trien, quan
he san xua't mdi dUpc xac
lap cung vdi che dp sd hdu
xa hdi (cdng hdu) ra ddi
sau khi giai cap cdng nhan
va quan chung lao ddng
gianh dupe chfnh quyen
cdn non yeu, mdi ddng lai
d hinh thQc, chUa dUpc
dam bao vdng chac bdi co
sd vat chat - ky thuat hien
dai Nhan xet nay dupe
Le-nin dUa ra trong thdi ky
cai each kinh te d nUdc
Nga vdi chfnh sach kinh te
mdi (NEP) nhdng nam 20
cua the ky 20 Phai phat
trien kinh te hang hda,
kinh t e t h i trUdng, ap dung
CP che' va quy luat thi
trUdng, tao ra nhdng ddn
bay kinh te de giai phdng
IQC iQang san xuat, kfch
thfch san xua't va tfnh tfch
cUe cua ngUdi lao dpng
thdng qua Ipi fch Lenin
edn chu trUOng phai ra sdc
van dung nhdng thanh tUu
khoa hpe, ky thuat va cdng
nghe, kinh nghiem quan ly cua CNTB, sd dung cac
chuyen gia tU san ed tai vi
lai ich tau dai cua chu nghTa xa hoi Bang each
dd, mdi tao dupe nguon lUc
va ddng lUc cho sU phat
t r i e n cua C N X H C h f n h sach kinh te mdi da dat ra nhdng van de ly luan mdi eua C N X H va xay ddng
C N X H Lenin da trd thanh
nha each tan vT dai dau tien trong lich stf CNXH hien thQc
Tiec la, sau khi Lenin qua d d i , nhdng tU tUdng eai each sang tao dd da khdng dupc duy tri, thUe hien va phat t r i e n M d hinh C N X H Xd-viet vdi ke hoach hda tap trung cao
dp, quan ly hanh chfnh menh lenh va phUPng thdc phan phd'i binh quan da lam suy giam va triet tieu ddng lUc de phat t r i e n , dan den nhdng he qua
t i e u cue, sU tri tre va khung hoang sau nay M a t khae, tlnh trang giao didu hda Chu nghTa M a e -Lenin, sao chep may mdc
md hinh Xd-viet, benh ehu quan, duy y chf dien ra mdt each p h d bie'n d.cae
d a n g C d n g san c a m quyen, tai cac nUde xa hdi ehu nghTa da lam eho Chu nghTa xa hdi khdng bpc Id
va phat huy dUpe day du ban chat Uu viet cua nd
Trong d i e u k i e n c a m quyen, eac dang Cdng san lai chUa chu y dung mdc
va chUa giai quye't td't va'n
de dan ehu de phat huy
quyen lam ehu eua nhan dan Da xay ra t l n h trang mat dan ehu trong xa hpi
va khdng thUc hanh dung dan, n g h i e m tue dan chu
va tap trung dan ehu trong
D a n g N h d n g bieu hien thoai hda bien chat, quan lieu, tham nhdng trong bd may D a n g va Nha nUde
ma Lenin da canh bao td rat sdm, da khdng dUpc ngan c h a n , lai cham phat hien va c h a m sda ehda Md'i lien he mau thjt gida
D a n g , Nha nUde vdi nhan
d a n n g a y c a n g bj suy
g i a m Cdng tae tUtUdng, ly luan va td chdc, can bd
t r o n g x a y dUng D a n g
k h d n g dupe ehu t r p n g
t h u d n g x u y e n Dd la nhdng khuyet tat can ban lam suy g i a m sdc sd'ng cua
C N X H T l n h trang lac hau
va tut hau da xay ra trong Idng C N X H td nhdng nam
70 - 80 cua the ky 2 0 ; trong khi CNTB nhd tan
d u n g dupe khoa hpc - cdng nghe hien dai va kjp thdi dieu c h i n h md h i n h , chfnh sach nen da phat trien kha nhanh Khi xay ra khung hoang kinh te - xa hdi tram t r p n g , Lien Xd va cae nude X H C N Ddng Au da cai to' Song, trong qua
t r i n h eai to', d nhdng nUdc nay, lai vap phai nhdng sai lam n g h i e m trpng, mat phuong hudng chfnh trj va
td bd cae nguyen tac, ke't cue la do' v d ; sU phan bdi
ly t u d n g , muc t i e u cua
C N X H ma thUc chat la phan bdi lai Ipi fch cua
TAP CHi THOHG TIH 0.01 HGOAISO Til
2009
Trang 4I Hl/OfNG DAN CHi DAO
giai ca'p c d n g n h a n va
nhan dan lao d d n g cua
mpt so ngudi trong ban
lanh dao td'i cao eua D a n g
trong cai to' da lam tan ra
Dang, the che X H C N va
sup dd' che dp X H C N d
Lien Xd va D d n g A u Lai
cd mdt sU that ljch sd nda
can dupe ndi rd Dd la sU
pha hoai t h a m dde, t i n h vi
vdi nhdng am mUu va thu
doan dupe tfnh toan t d lau
cua ehu nghTa de qude,
cua eac the lUc c h d n g
c p n g d u p c thUc h i e n ,
ehung da ap dung chie'n
lupc D i e n bie'n hda b i n h ,
chuyen hda vao ben trong
cac nude X H C N t h a n h tU
dien bie'n, lam cho che dp
X H C N d Lien Xd va D d n g
A u c u n g v d i he thd'ng
X H C N the g i d i tan v d
nhanh c h d n g Bai hpc
kinh nghiem Idn td sU sup
d d che dp X H C N 6 cac
nUdc Ddng A u va Lien Xd
da m i n h chdng cho quan
d i e m eua V I L e n i n :
"Gianh chinh quyen da
khd nhQng giQ chinh
quyen lai cang khd han"
va "each mang phai ed
sQc manh tQ bao ve"
Sau khi chu nghTa xa
hdi lam vao thoai trao, cac
the lUe thu djch eho rang:
"Su sup do' cua md hinh
chu nghTa xa hdi d Lien Xd
va Ddng Au la ta't yeu, da
du bao trUde" C a n day,
ehung edn t a n g eUdng
xuyen tac, bai bac nen
tang tu tudng cua Dang ta
la Chu nghTa M a e - Lenin
va TU tudng Ho Chf M i n h
C h u n g xuyen tae Chu nghTa Mac - Lenin khi eho rang, "thf nghiem to Idn cua hai hpe thuyet ay d Lien Xd, Ddng Au va toan phe X H C N da hoan toan pha san"(!) Chung ra sdc cdng kfch Dang Cpng san Viet N a m khi Dang ta ludn khang d j n h : "kien tri Chu nghTa M a e - Lenin va TU tudng Ho Chf M i n h , kien djnh eon dUdng phat trien dde lap dan tdc gan lien vdi C N X H "
Cac the lUc thu dieh ra sdc xuyen tac ljch sd, cdng kfch n h a m phu nhan TU
t u d n g Ho Chf M i n h Chung thdi phdng, bdi den
t l n h hinh thUc te Viet Nam
va neu ra nhdng ddi hdi phi ly: "Phai chuyen td the che chfnh trj nha't nguyen, dde dang sang the che da nguyen, da dang"(!) T d
dd, ehung phu nhan sU lanh dao cua D a n g va hudng lai " m d h i n h " phat trie'n eho xa hdi ta la:
"Trong kinh te la c h a p nhan kinh te thj trUdng tU do; trong van hda la c h a p nhan sU tU do phd bie'n cac gia trj khdng cpng san;
trong c h f n h trj la cha'p
n h a n q u y e n lap d a n g khdng cdng san"(!) ThUc tien sinh ddng qua hpn 20
n a m dd'i m d i do D a n g Cdng san Viet Nam lanh dao va nhdng t h a n h tUu to Idn ma nhan dan ta dat
dupe vdi chinh tri dn dinh,
kinh te tang trQdng, xa hdi ngay cang dat tdi cong bSng, binh dang, dan tdc
doan ket va xa hdi dong thuan, t u nd da bac bd
n h d n g luan d i e u p h a n
d d n g , sai trai neu t r e n
N h u vay, sU chdng pha cua cae the lUe thu djch dd'i v d i t h a n h qua cua Cach mang Thang MUdi, phong trao each mang the gidi va Viet Nam hien nay nam trong y do tfnh toan den td'i cua chung Do vay, toan Dang, toan d a n , toan quan ta can nang cao tinh thSn canh giac each mang, lam tha't bai chie'n lUpc
" d i d n bie'n hda b i n h " eua cac the lUc thu d j e h , van dung tinh than each mang sang tao cua Cach mang
T h a n g MUdi Nga trong dieu kien cu the eua nUde
ta de' xay dUng thanh cdng ehu nghTa xa hdi
N h d n g d i e n bie'n, bien
d d n g gan day eua the gidi dang giup chung ta rut ra nhdng nhan d i n h m d i , cd tfnh thdi sU va cd y nghTa sau sac T h a n g lpi eua Cach mang Thang MUdi, nhdng t h a n h tUu eua ehu nghTa xa h d i , sU phat trien cua phong trao cdng n h a n , phong trao giai phdng dan tpc va phong trao hda binh dan chu tren the gidi trong the ky 20 da budc chu nghTa tU ban phai thay dd'i,
p h a i tu d i e u e h i n h de thfch dng vdi thdi cudc nhUng ban chat eua ehu nghTa tU ban la khdng thay ddi va ehu nghTa tu b a n , tU,
nd khdng sao giai quye't dupe n h d n g m a u t h u i n
TAP CHi IITOHG-TIH-OOI HGOAISO TU
2009
Trang 5Hl/dfNG DAN CHI DAO I
trong long n d , thudc vd
ban cha't eua n d Cudc
khung hoang tai chfnh
-kinh te the gidi dang d i d n
ra vd cung gay gat cang
lam rd mpt sU that rang,
ngay ea khi chu nghTa tU
ban tu dieu c h i n h , dang
nam trong tay n h d n g
ngudn lUe to Idn ve kinh
te, tai c h f n h , khoa hpc, ky
thuat, cdng nghe thi nd
lai rpi vao nhdng van de
nan giai m d i , bdc Id nhdng
bat lUc m d i , khdng sao giai
quye't dUpc Cudc khung
hoang dang dien ra la mdt
minh chdng rd rang eho
mdt nhan d j n h rang, chu
nghTa tU ban khdng phai la
che dp cd kha nang khae
phuc, g i a i quye't dUpc
nhdng van de toan cau
ngay cang trd nen gay gat
hien nay, nhdng nguy cO
de dpa cude sd'ng eua
nhan loai M d i bUdc di tU
dieu chinh va thfch nghi
cua ehu fighTa tU ban lai
bdc Id rd n h d n g m a u
thuan ndi tai cdc ky sau
sac trong Idng che' dp d d ,
rang chu nghTa tU b a n
dang chdng lai chfnh chu
nghTa tU ban N h d n g tien
de eho sU phu d j n h ehu
nghTa tU ban dang ngay
cang chfn mudi trong Idng
chu nghTa tU b a n TrUdc
thUe trang d d , nhdng lUc
lupng each mang tien bd
quan t r p n g c u n g nhU
nhdng bd dc t i n h tao cua
nhan loai dang tim v e , trd
ve vdi Chu nghTa M a c
Triet gia Luy-xieng
Se-vP (Lusien Seve) - nha triet
hpc ndi tie'ng ngUdi Phap,
tren td Nha Ngoai giao
phan tfch: " T d Luan D d n ,
td Dien tin hang ngay vie't: "Tai Niu Udc, ngUdi
bie'u t l n h giUPng cao nhdng ta'm bien trUdc phd' Udn v d i d d n g c h d : "Cac
M a e cd l y ! " Tai Phran-phud'e, mdt nha xua't ban
da t h d n g bao sd' lUpng ban
bd TQ ban da tang ga'p ba
Trong tac pha'm eua Cae
M a c , cd nhieu dieu k h a m pha N h d n g d d n g c h d viet each d a y mdt the ky rUdi dudng n h u ndi ve chfnh chung ta vdi sU xue d d n g
m a n h m e Thf d u : " V I
r a n g g i d i c h d p bu t a i chfnh ap dat luat le, dieu hanh quan ly nha nUdc,
sd d u n g mpi quyen lUe nha nUdc, chi phd'i cdng luan trong cac sU kien va qua bao chf, lai tai d i e n trong m p i iTnh vUe, td tda
an eho de'n eac quan ca-phe tdi tan va ea va'n de gai mai d a m , ca sU Ida dd'i tro t r e n , ngay ca cPn khat lam g i a u " M a c da d i e n
ta t l n h trang dd d Phap trUdc cude e a c h m a n g
1848 Tuy n h i e n , bd qua nhdng d i e m tUPng ddng
cd tfnh dot bie'n, nhdng khac biet thdi d a i dem lai
ve dd'i tra cho m p i chuyen
d d i true tie'p Hon nda, tren thUe te', t h e m mdt lan
tfnh thdi sU cua cudn Phe
phan kinh te chinh tri
trong bp Tu ban cua M a c
rd rang da dupe dat ra"
E-rfc Hd'p-xbao (Eriek
H o b s b a w n ) - m d t trong
n h d n g nha sd hpc n d i tie'ng nha't cdn sd'ng hien nay, H i e u trUdng TrUdng
d a i hpc Bp-be'eh thudc
V i e n D a i hpe Luan D d n ,
da tra Idi p h d n g van tren
b a o Sin Pec-mi-sd
( A c h e n t i n a ) : " T d i k h d n g
m a y may hoai nghi rang, ngay trong ldng the gidi tU ban, ngUdi ta ngay cang quan t a m d e n eac cdng
t r i n h nghien cdu cua Cac
M a c Md'i quan t a m nay trd l a i , m d t p h a n , nhan
d j p ky n i e m 150 n a m
T u y e n n g d n eua D a n g Cdng san cua Cae M a e NhUng, tren he't va quan
t r p n g hon la do cupc khung hoang kinh te' qud'c te' d a y bi kjeh va dang lan tran tren the gidi sau mdt qua t r i n h toan cau hda thj trUdng the gidi d i e n ra vdi td'c dp cUc n h a n h Cae
M a c da tdng dU bao nen kinh te' the gidi se phat trie'n ra sao vao dau the ky
21 tren cO sd p h a n tfch kinh te' cua xa hdi tU ban vao thdi ky d d Chung ta
k h d n g c h u t ngac n h i e n rang, cac nha c h f n h trj cung n h u cac doanh nhan
t h a n h dat nha't d phUPng Tay, dac biet la nhdng ngUdi hoat d d n g trong iTnh vUc tai c h f n h toan cau gid
d a y d a n g quay t r d l a i nghien edu hpc thuyet eua Cac M a c va t i m thay trong
d d Idi g i a i t h f c h ve nguyen nhan d a n de'n sU sup d d he thd'ng tai chfnh eua the gidi dUpng d a i "
G i a o sU triet hpc Phin
Ga-TAP CHi THOHG TIN DOI H G O A I S O TU
2009
Trang 6xpp - Dai hpe Nd't-to Dam
de Namua, C a l i p h o n i
-a, Hoa Ky k h a n g d j n h :
"Ke td nhdng n a m 9 0 de'n
nay, c a n g tha'y rd chu
nghTa tU b a n h i e n d a i
dang phat trie'n theo d u n g
n h u nhdng gl ma Cac M a c
va cdng sU cua d n g ,
Phri-dP-rfch A n g - g h e n , tdng d u
bao trong Tuyen ngdn eua
Dang cdng san N a m
1998, mdt bai bao d a n g
tren td NgQdi Niu Ude
nhan ky n i e m 150 n a m
ngay Tuyen ngdn cija
Dang cong san ra d d i da
tuyen bd've "Su trd lai cua
Cac M a c " " N h d n g mau
t h u i n ma d n g n h i n tha'y
trong t h d i d a i C N T B V f c h
-to-ri-a dang bat dau tai
xuat hien dUdi n h i e u h i n h
thdc m d i , nhU n h d n g eon
vi-rut bie'n the' M a e da
vie't n h d n g d o a n v a n
thuye't phuc vd toan cau
hda, bat b i n h d a n g , tham
nhung c h f n h t r i , chu nghTa
dde q u y e n , tie'n bd c d n g
nghe Dd la n h d n g v a n
de ma cac nha kinh te
hpc hien nay dang p h a i
dd'i mat, ma d d i khi hp
khdng nhan ra rang m i n h
dang di theo budc c h a n
cua M a c " Trong bai Phai
chang Cac Mac cd lyl,
bao BQU dien budi sang
Ham-budc ( D d e ) vie't:
"Trong nhdng ngay khd'n
khd nay, ai di t i m eau tra
Idi d Cac M a e chae c h a n
la k h d n g sai l a m " , bdi
ngay trong Tuyen ngdn
cua Dang Cong san, Cac
M a e da yeu cau can ed
"sU tap trung hda trong tay Nha nude thdng qua mpt ngan hang qud'c gia cung vdi vd'n Nha nUdc"
Vao thdi d i e m ket thdc the ky 20 - mpt the ky hao hung va bi trang, trong ddn d a p nhdng sU kien va
t l n h hud'ng, cd mdt sU kien ra't d a n g dUPc ehu y , khdng phai c h i dd'i v d i nhdng ngUdi cdng san ma cdn thu hut luong t a m va trf tue cua d d n g dao mpi ngudi tren the g i d i Cdng
ty phat thanh va truyen
h i n h eua A n h (BBC) t d chdc tren p h a m vi toan cau mdt cude b i n h c h p n tren m a n g in-tp-net: " N h a
t u tudng t h i e n nien k y " Ke't qua la, ngUdi cd phie'u
bau cao, dQng dau bang
la C.Mae
Gidn Ken Gon-brai, nha
k i n h te hpc M y , g i a i
t h u d n g N d - b e n da n d i trong cudc dd'i thoai vdi Vien sT Men-chi-ed'p cua Nga: " C M a c la mdt nhan vat qua Idn de' chung tdi cd the danh rieng C.Mae eho nhdng ngUdi cdng s a n " Xte-phan M a c - g h e n , Giao
sU Dai hpc Ha-vdt cua M y vie't trong b a i bao ve C.Mac, dang tren " N h a t bao p h d U d n " , 1 2 - 1 9 9 1 :
"Bang sU phan tfch cd tfnh cha't phe p h a n , C M a e , mdt nha nghien edu vT dai
da gdp p h a n xac d j n h chuong trinh nghi sU eua thdi d a i Cae M a c v i n dang tac ddng de'n nhdng
t u duy hien dai vd ljch sd
va kinh t e " Mac Gdn-lo, Tien sT van hpc va Thae sT khoa hpc l j c h sd, d a n g vien Dang Xa hdi Phap da nhan m a n h : NgUdi ta gap mdt ngudn sang chdi Ipi va ngpp di trUde t a m Idn lao
va sU sau sac eua tU tUdng Mae, trUde sU vd canh sang tao va say me cua mdt trf tue ludn ludn tU do, khie'n eho cac eau c h d cua C.Mac dupe nang cao bdi mdt nhip dieu va mdt nidm rung c a m dac biet Cac
M a c la ngUdi ddng thdi khdng the thie'u cua chung
ta Giac-cP De Ri-da, mdt triet gia hien dai d PhUPng Tay, ed uy tfn Idn d Phap
va d M y , du khdng phai la mdt ngUdi Mae-xft nhUng
van khang d i n h sQ can
thiet phai trd ve vdi
C.Mac Ong giai thfch rd, khdng ed tUOng lai ne'u khdng ed C.Mac, khdng ed cac di san eua C.Mac
C.Mac la nha tQ tQdng cua The ky 21 Tam vdc Idn
lao cua Chu nghTa Mae la
d sU ke't hpp sdc manh cua khoa hpe, each mang va nhan v a n , neu len khat vpng cao ca giai phdng con ngUdi va loai ngUdi, xda bd bdc lot, ap bdc, nd djch de vUOn tdi tU do va lam c h u Chu nghTa xa hpi
va Chu nghTa cdng san la mdt hpc thuye't nhuthe', nd khdng ehi giai thfch the gidi mpt each khoa hpc ma edn eai tao the' gidi bang each m a n g
C a c h m a n g T h a n g
M u d i da t h a m nhuan sau
TAP CHl THOHG TIH DOI HGOAISO JL
Trang 7HI/6NG DAN CHI DAO i sac nhdng gia trj nhan van
dd va Chu nghTa xa hdi
hien thue trong hon bay
thap ky tdn tai va phat
trie'n trUde day cdng nhu
Chu nghTa xa h p i hien
thUe m d i , hinh t h a n h trong
eai each, dd'i m d i ngay
nay, da va dang tie'p tue
dupe dan dat bdi nhdng
gia trj d d
Phai chang dd la p h e p
bien chdng cua sU van
dpng trong lich sd hien
dai Viec sup do cua mdt
md hinh cu the' cua Chu
nghTa xa hdi d Lien Xd va
Ddng Au khdng he m i n h
chdng rang, ly tUdng xa
hdi chu nghTa la ao tUdng,
la phi thUe te Trong khi
dd, sU khung hoang nang
ne, gay gat dang didn ra
hien nay cua the' gidi tU
ban chu nghTa lai lam rd
mdt quy luat khach quan,
dd la, sdm m u d n , ehu
nghTa tU ban cung se dUpc
thay the' bang mdt hinh
thai kinh te - xa hdi cao
hon, Uu viet hon, nhan dao
hon - dd la Chu nghTa xa
hpi, mdt Chu nghTa xa hdi
thudng xuyen tU d d i mdi
de phat trie'n va tU hoan
thien Chu nghTa tU ban du
edn dang cd nhieu t i e m
lUc de' phat trie'n, nhUng
dd khdng p h a i la d f c h
hudng tdi eua nhan loai;
tUOng lai va trie'n vpng tfch
cUc cua Ijch sd k h d n g
thude ve chu nghTa tU ban
ma thudc ve Chu nghTa xa
hpi Ta nhd l a i , hon 160
n a m ve trUdc, trong
" T u y e n ngdn cua D a n g
Cdng san", M a e va A n g -ghen da tdng neu mdt dU bao thien t a i , "that bai cua giai ca'p tUsan va thang lpi cua giai ca'p vd san deu la mdt ta't ye'u ljch sd nhU nhau" Ljch sd dang tie'p tue cudc hanh trinh eua
m i n h de' chdng thUe eho
d u bao thien tai ay
V I L e - n i n , trong qua trinh phat trie'n Chu nghTa
M a c , da neu len mdt nguyen tac phUPng phap luan quan trpng, "phan tfch
eu the mdt tlnh hinh cu the", coi dd la ban chat, linh hdn sd'ng eua Chu nghTa Mae Theo d d , dng cho rang, eac dan tdc sdm, mudn, trUde sau rdi se di tdi Chu nghTa xa hpi, dd la mdt ta't ye'u phd bien, song mdi dan tdc se dem vao thUe tien xay dUng Chu nghTa xa hdi cua dan tdc minh nhdng dac d i e m , sac thai rieng, dde lap va sang tao t i m tdi n h d n g eon dudng va nhdng md hinh di tdi Chu nghTa xa hdi Tfnh
da dang, phong phu cua nhdng cai dac thu se lam sau sac them eai phd bie'n
Theo Lenin, van de la d
chd "Chu nghTa xa hdi
khdng phai la ket qua cOa nhQng sSc lenh tQ tren ban xudng Tinh chat may moc, hanh chinh va quan lieu khong dung hap dQac vdi tinh than cua ChQ nghTa xa hoi; Chu nghTa xa hoi sinh ddng, sang tao la
sQ nghiep cua ban than quan chung nhan dan"
3- NhiTng bien phap da'u tranh chong cac quan diem sai trai, thii djch bao ve thanh qua cua Cach mang Thang IVIu'di va bao ve su" nghiep xay dung To qud'c Viet Nam
xa hoi chu nghTa hien nay
C d n g tae da'u tranh ehd'ng cac quan diem sai trai, thu djch cd y nghTa dac biet quan trpng Nd khdng chi cd y nghTa lam that bai am mUu, y dd den td'i eua cac the lUc thu djeh
ma edn cung cd Idng tin cua nhan dan trong nUdc
va cdng ddng ngUdi Viet Nam d nUdc ngoai dd'i vdi
sU lanh dao eua Dang, dUa da't nudc di len Chu nghTa
xa hdi Do dd can phai tap trung lam td't mdt sd' bien phap sau day:
- Mgt la, can day manh
cong tac nghien cQu, giao due va tuyen truyen de lam rd che do xa hdi chu nghTa d cac nQde Ddng Au
va Lien Xd sup dd khdng
cd nghTa la sQ cao chung cua chQ nghTa xa ho\
Su sup do cua Lien Xd
va D d n g A u n h u da n d i , la
sU sup do eua mdt md
h i n h ehu nghTa xa h d i trong qua t r i n h di tdi muc tieu xay dUng xa hpi xa hdi chu nghTa Nd khdng
d d n g nghTa, d d n g nha't vdi
sU c a o c h u n g eua ehu nghTa xa hdi vdi tU each la mdt ly tudng, muc t i e u , mdt che dp xa hdi kie'u
m d i thudc ve h i n h thai kinh te - xa hdi cdng san chu nghTa ma loai ngUdi dang vUOn t d i Trong qua
TAP CHI THONG I I H DOI NGOAISO TU
2DD9
Trang 8HI/6NG DAN CHI DAO
t r i n h xay dUng chu nghTa
xa h d i , m d i nUde ed mdt
each lUa c h p n md hinh
cua m i n h L i e n Xd va
Ddng Au c h p n md h i n h ke'
hoach tap trung M d hinh
dd vdi n h d n g d i e u kien cu
the' - Ijch sd nha't d i n h ,
d a c b i e t t r o n g t h d i ky
chie'n tranh va t h d i ky dau
xay dUng chu nghTa xa hdi
ed the' la thfch h p p , nhUng
sai lam Idn nha't la khi md
hinh dd da trd nen lae
hau, t h a m chf bi bie'n
dang d i n tdi tri tre, kim
ham lUc lupng san xua't
phat trie'n t h i n h d n g ngUdi
lanh dao Lien Xd va D d n g
Au lai khdng nhan t h d c
dupe sU lac hau va ldi t h d i
dd, hoac da nhan thdc
dupc nhUng khdng ed b i e n
p h a p d o t pha de' g i a i
quye't mau thuan nay Hon
nda, cai t d da mat phuong
hudng, p h a m n h d n g sai
l a m c h f n h trj n g h i e m
trpng dan tdi that bai va
d d v d Sau n h d n g d i e n
bie'n d Lien Xd d a n tdi d d
vd va tan ra he thd'ng xa
hdi ehu nghTa, cac nUde
xa hdi ehu nghTa cdn lai
va phong trao c d n g san
qud'c te ra sdc khac phuc
khung hoang, thoai trao
de' tie'p tue phuc hdi va
phat trie'n ehu nghTa xa
hdi tren mpt t r i n h dp mdi
t h d n g qua cai e a c h , ddi
mdi de phat trie'n Trung
Qud'c, Viet Nam da van
d u n g sang tao Chu nghTa
M a e - Lenin phu hpp vdi
thuc t i e n cua m d i nUde,
da de ra cac b i e n p h a p
dot pha de giai quye't cac van de cua da't nUde m i n h tren eO sd kien d j n h muc
t i e u , ly tudng, giU vdng
d j n h hudng xa hdi chu nghTa N h d n g thanh tUu to Idn cua Trung Qud'c, Viet Nam trong xay dUng chu nghTa xa h d i ; sU phuc hdi cua cac Dang Cdng san,
d a n g canh ta d khap nPi tren the g i d i ; xu hUdng canh ta va hudng theo ehu nghTa xa hdi eua nhieu nUdc d chau M y l a - t i n h
da khang d j n h sdc sd'ng
m a n h Met cua Chu nghTa
M a c - L e n i n , cua Cach
m a n g Thang M u d i va trie'n
v p n g tfch cue cua ehu nghTa xa h d i
Nhdng xu hUdng xa hdi chu nghTa dang phat trie'n manh tren the gidi trong nhdng nam dau the' ky 21
da m i n h chdng mdt nhan dinh sang sud't cua Chu tich Ho Chf M i n h : "Cach mang Thang M u d i m d ra eon dudng giai phdng cho cac dan tdc va ca loai ngUdi, md dau mdt thdi dai mdi trong Ijch sd, thdi dai qua dp td ehu nghTa tU ban len chu nghTa xa hdi tren toan the' g i d i " (Ho Chf
M i n h , Toan tap, T12, N x b Chfnh trj qude gia, H N ,
1996, tr.301)
- Hai la, can tiep tue
khang dinh sQc sdng manh liet cQa ChQ nghTa Mac - Lenin
Td nam 1991 de'n nay, Chu nghTa Mae - Lenin
d d n g trUde nhdng t h d
thach mdi nghiem trpng
He t u tudng xa hdi chu nghTa da va dang bj tie'n cdng, xuyen tac, bdi nhp td nhieu phfa Ly tUdng cpng san va dang cdng san dang
bj cdng kfch thd bao, bi d'i
td cae the lUe chdng cpng
d i e n cudng, mang nang han t h u Chung gay sdc ep vdi Viet Nam ve cac va'n
dd dan c h u , nhan q u y e n , tdn giao, dan tdc; ddng
t h d i , hau thuan cho cac phan td cO hdi chfnh trj, phan ddng trong nUde va ngoai nUdc chdng pha che
dp ta Trong bd'i canh nhU the', chung ta cang tran
t r p n g va k h a n g d i n h
n h d n g t h a n h qua eua Cach m a n g Thang MUdi dd'i vdi Viet N a m Chung
ta n h a n t h d c rd r a n g : Thang Ipi cua Cach mang Thang MUdi la cdi ngudn sau xa dan tdi thang lpi eua C a c h m a n g T h a n g Tam, t h a n g Ipi cua hai cudc khang chien ehd'ng Phap, ehd'ng M y va thang loi to Idn, ed y nghTa ljch
sd cua cdng cudc ddi mdi da't nUdc ta hien nay Dd
la nhdng m i n h chdng sinh
d d n g ve sU trung t h a n h , van d u n g sang tao va phat trie'n eua Dang ta dd'i vdi Chu nghTa M a e - Lenin, nhdng bai hpc Ijch sd cua Cach mang Thang M u d i , nhdng kinh n g h i e m td sU
t h a n h cdng va tha't bai cua chu nghTa xa hdi hien thUe vao thUe tien xay dUng va bao ve To qudc Viet Nam
xa hdi chu nghTa
TAP CHl THOHG I I H DOI HGOAISO TU
2009
Trang 9Hl/GfNG D A N C H I DAO I
Can lUu y la, viee khang
djnh sdc sd'ng, nhdng chan
gia trj cua Chu nghTa Mac
-Lenin khdng chi la van de
quan die'm, thai dp chfnh
trj eua ehung ta ma cdn la
mdt trong nhdng ndi dung
can ban cua cdng tac tU
tudng - ly luan cua Dang
trong tlnh hinh hien nay
Phai tie'n hanh cdng tac
nay mdt each thudng xuyen
va ben bi dUa tren tinh
than lao dpng khoa hpe
nghiem tue vdi tU duy ly
luan sang tao, tham nhuan
quan diem thUe t i d n , ddi
mdi va phat trie'n
Gidi nghien edu ly luan
can p h a i t a p hpp eac
chuyen gia g i d i , am hieu
sau sac Ijch sd va ly luan
cua Chu nghTa M a c
-Lenin, trie'n khai cac cdng
trinh nghien cdu cP ban de'
lam sang td ban chat khoa
hpc va each mang cua
Chu nghTa M a c - Lenin,
lam sau sac them nhdng
luan cd khoa hpe ve chu
nghTa xa hdi va con dUdng
di len chu nghTa xa hdi
eua Viet N a m , phuc vu
trUe tiep n h i e m vu chfnh
trj cua Dang, nha't la hien
nay, khi D a n g ta dang
chua'n bi tien tdi Dai hdi
XI eua Dang
Can phai tie'p tue ddi
mdi va n a n g cao cha't
lupng giang day, nghien
cdu Chu nghTa M a c - Lenin
va dac biet la TU tudng Hd
Chf M i n h trong giao due
dai hpe va trong eac co
quan nghien cdu khoa hpc
d nUdc ta Dpi ngu can bd
t u y e n t r u y e n , bao cao vien phai ra sdc nang cao trinh dp tU tUdng, ly luan, cap nhat nhdng t h d n g tin
m d i , hien d a i , b a m sat thue tidn va chu trpng ddi mdi phuong p h a p tuyen
t r u y e n , n a n g cao t f n h Dang trong da'u tranh tU tudng ly luan lam tang sdc thuye't phuc dd'i vdi cac dd'i tupng cdng c h u n g
D i e u d a c b i e t q u a n
trpng l a , thQc tien la tieu
chuan cQa chan ly C h f n h
thUc t i e n cua d d i m d i ,
t h a n h tUu va n h d n g bUdc phat trie'n m d i cua each
m a n g nUde ta, thUc h i e n
d d n g bd d d i m d i kinh te
va dd'i m d i c h f n h t r j , phat trie'n kinh te' la n h i e m vu
trung tam, xay dUng D a n g
la n h i e m vu then chdt, phat t r i e n v a n hda la nen
tang tinh than cua xa h d i ,
tang cUdng sU thd'ng nha't
tu tudng, y chf va h a n h
d d n g trong D a n g , trong
n h a n d a n , se la sU
c h d n g thUc, sU k h a n g
d j n h cd sdc thuye't phuc nha't ve sdc sd'ng va c h a n gia trj cua Chu nghTa M a c
- Lenin va TU tUdng Ho Chi M i n h
- Ba la, bao ve va phat
trien Chu nghTa Mac -Lenin, TU tQdng Ho Chi Minh la sQ menh ve vang cQa nhQng ngQdi cdng san Viet Nam
TU Dai hdi VII de'n nay
Dang ta da ludn khang
d j n h , Chu nghTa M a c
-L e n i n , TU tudng Ho Chf
M i n h la nen tang tU tUdng
va k i m c h i nam h a n h
d d n g eua D a n g , eua each
m a n g V i e t N a m N g h j quye't Trung UOng 5 (khda X) ve " C d n g tae tU tudng,
ly luan va bao chf trUdc yeu eau m d i " c h i rd mdt
n h i e m vu quan t r p n g : Khdng ehi van d u n g , bao
ve ma edn phai phat trie'n Chu nghTa M a c - L e n i n ,
Tu tudng Hd Chf M i n h
D a y la sU khang d j n h cd can c d thUe t i e n va ly luan M d h i n h ehu nghTa
xa hdi d Lien Xd va D d n g
A u da sup do M d t trong
n h d n g van de Idn nha't dd'i vdi ehung ta la t i m tdi va xac d j n h md hinh mdi ve chu nghTa xa hdi phu hpp
v d i thUe t i e n V i e t Nam va quy luat phat t r i e n eua the' gidi h i e n d a i TU CUOng ITnh 1991 den nay, quan
d i e m eua D a n g ta ve chu nghTa xa hdi da tdng bUdc dupe b d sung, phat trie'n
va khang d j n h , dUpe sU
d d n g t l n h tuyet dd'i cua
n h a n d a n Xa hdi xa hdi chu nghTa ma n h a n d a n ta xay dUng la mdt xa hpi
" d a n g i a u , nUdc m a n h , cdng b a n g , d a n ehu, van
m i n h " ThUe t i e n va t h a n h tUu ly luan dd da lam sang
td mdt n h a n d j n h sang sud't cua Le-nin each day
tren 80 n a m : "Chung ta
chi biet phuang hQdng cQa eon dQdng dd (eon dQdng tien len chQ nghTa
xa hoi) va nhQng iQc iQang, giai cap nao dan
TU
lAPCHilHOHG I l H O i i l HGOAISO ~
Trang 10I Hl/QfNG DAN CHi DAO
den con dQdng do, cdn
nhQ cu the va tren thQc te
con dQdng do ra sao thi
kinh nghiem cua hang
trieu con ngQdi se chi rd,
khi ho bat tay vao hanh
ddng" (V.I.Lenin - Toan
tap, N x b Tie'n b d ,
M 1 9 7 6 , t r 1 5 2 - 1 5 3 )
D a n g ta phat trie'n Chu
nghTa M a c - Lenin khdng
c h i trong viec t i m t d i , xae
d j n h md hinh chu nghTa
xa h d i , khang d j n h kinh te'
thj trUdng d i n h hUdng xa
hdi chu nghTa ma cdn the'
hien d rat nhieu khfa c a n h
k h a c trong d u d n g l d i ,
chfnh sach, dd la ly luan
ve dan c h u , xay dUng Nha
nUde phap quyen xa hdi
chu nghTa, d d i m d i he
thd'ng chfnh trj, gan tang
trudng kinh te' vdi thUe
hien tien b d , cdng bang
xa hdi trong tdng bUde d i ,
trong t d n g c h f n h sach
p h a t trie'n ThUc h i e n
chie'n lUpc d a i doan ke't
toan dan tdc, xay dUng
con ngUdi va phat trie'n
v a n h d a T r o n g c h f n h
sach dd'i ngoai D a n g ta
tie'p tue khang d i n h xay
dUng dudng Id'i dd'i ngoai
dde lap, tU ehu, rdng m d ,
da dang hda, da phUPng
hda cac quan he qud'c te';
thUe hien chu trUPng V i e t
Nam la b a n , la dd'i tae tin
cay vdi ta't ca cac nUde
trong cdng d d n g the g i d i ,
vl hda b i n h , dde lap, hpp
tac va phat t r i e n
- Bon la Ban Tuyen
giao Trung Qang, Hdi
ddng Ly luan Trung QOng
va cac ca quan hQu quan tang cQdng chi dao cdng tac nghien cQu ly luan va tong ket thQc tiSn, chu trong tdng ket thQc tiin tren trinh do cQa tQduy ly luan de' vda kie'hn chdng
ly luan vda phat trien ly luan m d i Chu t r p n g nghien edu dU bao Tie'p tue lam sang td mdt sd' van de ly luan mdi ma thUc t i e n dat ra N a n g cao tfnh D a n g tren eP sd bao
d a m va phat huy d a n e h u ,
tu do t u tudng trong hoat dpng ly luan; ddng t h d i da'u tranh kjp t h d i , sac
b e n v d i cac luan d i e u phan tuyen truyen cua cae the' lUc thd d i c h de' bao ve
n e n t a n g tU tUdng eua
D a n g , tao sU thd'ng nha't cao trong Dang va sU d d n g thuan trong xa h d i
- t^am la, cac cap Qy
Dang tiep tue trien khai
CM thi sd 34-CT/TW eua Ban Bi thuhan hanh ngay
1 7 - 4 - 2 0 0 9 ve tang cUdng cudc da'u tranh ehd'ng a m mUu, hoat d d n g " d i d n bie'n hda b i n h " tren ITnh vUe t u t u d n g , v a n hda
Trong d d , chu trpng xay dUng ehUPng t r i n h h a n h
d d n g mdt each thie't thUe,
cu the de da'u tranh cd hieu qua v d i cac luan dieu phan ddng eua eac the' lUc thu d j c h
- Sau la, thQc hien tdt
chinh sach dai doan ket toan dan tdc, chinh sach tdn giao eua Dang va Nha nude, da'u tranh cd hieu
qua tren cae ITnh vUc dan
ehu, n h a n q u y e n , t a n g cudng cdng tac quan ly bao chf, xua't b a n , van hda, van nghe Chu trpng cdng tae bao mat de' gdp phan bao d a m an ninh qud'c gia theo tinh than Chi thj 4 8 - C T / T W eua Bd Chfnh trj (khda IX)
- Bay la, giQ vQng tran
dia an ninh tQ tQdng trong qua trinh hdi nhap quoc
te, nhU: tang eUdng quan
ly cdng tac dd'i ngoai, cae chuong t r i n h , dU an trong hpp tac vdi cac td chdc qud'c te'; quan ly td't doan
ra, doan vao; da dang hda cac hoat ddng thdng tin dd'i ngoai
N h d n g t h a n h tUu vT d a i cua chu nghTa xa hdi hien
t h u c trong hpn 90 nam qua, nha't la t h a n h tUu cai
e a c h , d d i m d i cua cac nUdc xa hdi ehu nghTa trong n h d n g n a m vda qua
c a n g c h d n g td ban chat
Uu v i e t cua ehu nghTa xa hpi, sdc sang tao, nang lUc dd'i m d i va n h d n g
d d n g gdp eua cac nUde xa
h d i chu nghTa eho hda
b i n h , dpe lap d a n tdc,
d a n e h u , v a n m i n h va tie'n bd xa h d i T i n h than
C a c h m a n g T h a n g MUdi
ed vu c h u n g ta p h a t huy sdc m a n h d a i d o a n ke't toan d a n t d c , tie'p tue tie'n len tren con d u d n g d d i mdi, xay dUng va bao ve
To qude V i e t N a m xa hdi chu nghTa vl mpc t i e u cao
d e p d a n g i a u , n u d c
m a n h , xa hdi c d n g b a n g , dan c h u , van m i n h •
TAP CHi T H O N G TIH DOI H G O A I S O -—