ABSTRACT In recent years, traffic jams have become major problems in big cities of Vietnam.. A system for collecting traffic data and alerting traffic conditions using smartphones was in
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Trang 6ABSTRACT
In recent years, traffic jams have become major problems in big cities of Vietnam A system for collecting traffic data and alerting traffic conditions using smartphones was introduced
In this system, when moving on the roads, GPS-enabled smartphones will record their locations and velocity and send the collected data to a central processing server via 3G, GPRS or SMS connections The central server can then filter, clean and aggregate the data from many different sources Then, it can analyse the data and make conclusion on the current traffic conditions It can also predict the future conditions of the traffic using the current data The current and future traffic conditions are sent back to the smartphone users to alert them and also to regulate the traffic This whole process is done in real-time
This topic focuses on issues roadmap for redirecting traffic to avoid congestion in real time This is an important function in the system for collecting traffic data and alerting traffic conditions
An algorithm based on traffic conditions in real time has been developed to solve this problem This algorithm has been compared with other pathfinder algorithms several times to assess the strengths, weaknesses and effectiveness
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n "e衣pj0"E衣pj"g"8逢嬰e"i丑k"n "mjw{‒p"p院w"p„"e„"f衣pi"g"?"*w."w+0
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Vc"8k"8院p"8鵜pj"pij c"ucw0
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3.2 Các ik違k"vjw壱v"v·o"8逢運pi
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pi p"8雨pj="d́"n衣k."e e"d k"vq p"pj逢"x壱{"n衣k"e„"vj‒o"vj»pi"vkp"rj映"ik¿r"ej¿pi"vc"8鵜pj"j逢噂pi"v嘘v"j挨p"vtqpi"sw "vt·pj"v·o"n運k"ik違k0"X医p"8隠"荏"8¤{"n "u穎"f映pi"e e"vj»pi"vkp"8鵜pj"j逢噂pi"8„"pj逢"vj院"p q0"X "f映"vtqpi"e e"vt "ej挨k"ejk院p"vjw壱v"vj運k"ikcp"vj詠e."e亥p"8k"v瑛"8k吋o"C"8院p"8k吋o"D0"雲"8¤{"mj»pi"vj吋" r"f映pi"e e"ik違k"vjw壱v"v·o"8逢運pi"vj»pi"vj逢運pi"x·"d違p"8欝"e栄c"vt "ej挨k"8»k"mjk"e„"m ej"vj逢噂e"n‒p"8院p"734"z"734"»."v逢挨pi"8逢挨pi"x噂k"o瓜v"8欝"vj鵜"vj逢c"e„"4840366"8雨pj="pj„o"sw¤p"vj逢運pi"e„"zw"j逢噂pi"8k"vj鰯pi"x隠"j逢噂pi"D"x "p院w"i員r"ej逢噂pi"pi衣k"x壱v"vj·"ogp"vjgq"ej逢噂pi"pi衣k"x壱v0
A吋" r"f映pi"xk羽e"v·o"8逢運pi"vtqpi"vj詠e"v院 vj·"e„"o瓜v"ik違k"vjw壱v"8逢嬰e"u穎"f映pi"t医v"pjk隠w"8„"n "ik違k"vjw壱v"C,"*8丑e"n "Ðc"ucqÑ"jq員e"Ðc-uvctÑ"vtqpi"vk院pi"Cpj+"]12],[13]0"Ik違k"vjw壱v"C,"8逢c"tc"e ej"vj泳e"v·o"8逢運pi"jgwtkuvke"f詠c"vt‒p"ik違k"vjw壱v"Fklmuvtc0"X·"x壱{"e pi"pj逢"Fklmuvtc."v逢"v逢荏pi"v·o"8逢運pi"e栄c"C,"f詠c"vt‒p"ejk院p"n逢嬰e"v·o"mk院o"vjgq"ejk隠w"t瓜pi0"I亥p"pj逢"e„"u詠"v逢挨pi"8逢挨pi"o瓜v"- o瓜v"ik英c"e e"d逢噂e"vj詠e"jk羽p"e栄c"e違"jck"ik違k"vjw壱v0"Vt逢噂e"mjk"zgo"zfiv"ik違k"vjw壱v."các"sw{"逢噂e"ejq"d k"vq p"8逢嬰e"8逢c"tc pj逢"ucw:
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"ej鵜p"m"µ"qrgp"8隠"$iµ"open "e„"f]m_" d[i]
open = open - [k]
close = close + [k]
until goal µ"close;
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- Tj泳"pj医v."ik違k"vjw壱v"Fklmuvtc"e„"vj吋"zgo"n "vt逢運pi"j嬰r"Ðuw{"dk院pÑ"e栄c"C,"vtqpi"vt逢運pi"j嬰r"x]k_"?"2
- Tj泳"jck."p院w"x]k_"n "逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8¿pi"vj·"ik違k"vjw壱v"C,"e„"8瓜"rj泳e"v衣r"vj運k"ikcp"
l "vw{院p"v pj0
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Trang 22- Vj穎"pijk羽o"e e ik違k"vjw壱v"v·o"8逢運pi"vt‒p"d違p"8欝"pj逢"Fklmutra, A*
- Phát tri吋p" ik違k" vjw壱v" Vt pj" m姻v" zg f詠c" vt‒p" v·pj" vt衣pi" ikcq" vj»pi vjgq" vj運k" ikcp"vj詠e
4.1 X¤{"f詠pi f英"nk羽w"d違p"8欝
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D違p"8欝"QrgpUvtggvOcr"ewpi"e医r"f英"nk羽w"x噂k"f鵜pj"f衣pi QUO"f詠c"vt‒p"ZON."ucw"8¤{"
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<osm version="0.6" generator="CGImap 0.0.2">
<bounds minlat="54.0889580" minlon="12.2487570" maxlat="54.0913900"
maxlon="12.2524800"/>
<node id="298884269" lat="54.0901746" lon="12.2482632" user="SvenHRO" uid="46882" visible="true" version="1" changeset="676636" timestamp="2008-09-21T21:37:45Z"/>
<node id="261728686" lat="54.0906309" lon="12.2441924" user="PikoWinter" uid="36744" visible="true" version="1" changeset="323878" timestamp="2008-05-03T13:39:23Z"/>
<node id="1831881213" version="1" changeset="12370172" lat="54.0900666" lon="12.2539381" user="lafkor" uid="75625" visible="true" timestamp="2012-07-20T09:43:19Z">
<tag k="name" v="Neu Broderstorf"/>
<tag k="traffic_sign" v="city_limit"/>
Trang 23
<node id="298884272" lat="54.0901447" lon="12.2516513" user="SvenHRO" uid="46882" visible="true" version="1" changeset="676636" timestamp="2008-09-21T21:37:45Z"/>
<way id="26659127" user="Masch" uid="55988" visible="true" version="5" changeset="4142606" timestamp="2010-03-16T11:47:08Z">
<nd ref="292403538"/>
<nd ref="298884289"/>
<nd ref="261728686"/>
<tag k="highway" v="unclassified"/>
<tag k="name" v="Pastower Straße"/>
<member type="node" ref="364933006" role=""/>
<member type="way" ref="4579143" role=""/>
<member type="node" ref="249673494" role=""/>
<tag k="name" v="Küstenbus Linie 123"/>
<tag k="network" v="VVW"/>
<tag k="operator" v="Regionalverkehr Küste"/>
<tag k="ref" v="123"/>
<tag k="route" v="bus"/>
<tag k="type" v="route"/>
</relation>
</osm>
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a Vt逢運pi"kf."pgzv"n "ej雨"o映e"jck"8雨pj0
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c Vt逢運pi"vkog"n "vj運k"8k吋o *rj¿v+"v逢挨pi"泳pi"x噂k"x壱p"v嘘e"*urggf+
d Vt逢運pi"urggf"n "x壱p"v嘘e"*mo1j+"v逢挨pi"泳pi"x噂k"vj運k"8k吋o (time)
Trang 25Piq k"tc"x噂k"8逢運pi"o瓜v"ejk隠w"vj·"ej雨"e„"o瓜v"e衣pj"8逢嬰e"v衣q"tc."x噂k"8逢運pi"jck"ejk隠w"vj·"jck"e衣pj"8逢嬰e"v衣q"tc"v逢挨pi"泳pi0"Pj逢"x壱{"vjgq"e e"v pj"ej医v"vt‒p"vj·"x噂k"o厩k"e員r"8雨pj e„"vj吋"e„"t医v"pjk隠w"e衣pj"x噂k các vj運k"8k吋o khác nhau."v逢挨pi"泳pi"x噂k"x壱p"v嘘e"v衣k"vj運k"8k吋o"8„ Fq"8„"8欝"vj鵜"v衣q"tc"vjgq"e e"{‒w"e亥w"vt‒p"n "o瓜v"8c"8欝"vj鵜"e„"j逢噂pi."i欝o"t医v"pjk隠w"e衣pj"p嘘k"ik英c"e e"e員r"8雨pj0
4 040"Xk院v"ej逢挨pi"vt·pj"vj穎"pijk羽o
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Trang 27J·pj"606<"Efr"pjfv"v·pj"vtTpi"ikcq"vj»pi"vt‒p"dVp"8げ
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1 Pj壱r"vj運k"ikcp"e亥p"e壱r"pj壱v"x "pj医p"x q"p¿v"]Zgo"d違p"8欝_"荏"i„e"vt‒p."d違p"8欝"u胤"jk吋p"vj鵜"v·pj"vt衣pi"ikcq"vj»pi"v逢挨pi"泳pi"x噂k"vj運k"ikcp"o·pj"pj壱r"x q0
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Trang 28Hình 4.5<"Vjぬ"pijkうo"e e"ikVk"vjwfv"v·o"8⇔ぜpi"vt‒p"dVp"8げ
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Trang 29Hình 4.6: Vj‒o"8えpj"dhv"8Zw"x q"dVp"8げ
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Trang 30Hình 4.9<"Vj‒o"8えpj"mxv"vj¿e"x q"dVp"8げ
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Trang 31J·pj"60:<"Vjばe"jkうp"ikVk"vjwfv"v·o"8⇔ぜpi"Fklmuvtc
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Trang 32J·pj"60;<"Vjばe"jkうp"ikVk"vjwfv"v·o"8⇔ぜpi"C*
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Trang 33‚ OPEN:"v壱r"e e"8雨pj e„"vj吋"8逢嬰e"fw{羽v
‚ CLOSED:"v壱r"e e"8雨pj"8«"8逢嬰e"v pj"8逢運pi"8k
‚ heap.pop(), heap.raise(.), heap.push(.): các thao tác vtqpi"j pi"8嬰k"逢w"vk‒p"z穎"n#"e e"8雨pj"vtqpi"v壱r"QRGP0
CLOSED := CLOSED + {i}
Trang 34end end
end
end
tgvwtp"mj»pi"e„"8逢運pi"8k
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Trang 35J·pj"6032<"Vjばe"jkうp"ikVk"vjwfv"Vt pj"mrv"zg
K院v" sw違" ej衣{" ik違k" vjw壱v" Vt pj" m姻v" zg (hình 4.10) mj e" mjk" ej衣{" x噂k" 4" ik違k" vjw壱v"Dijkstra và A* vtqpi"rj亥p"vt逢噂e"*j·pj" 60:" x "60;+ Sw«pi"8逢運pi"8k"e„"vj吋 f k"j挨p jq員e"pi逸p"j挨p."pj逢pi"vj運k"ikcp"fk"ejw{吋p"vj·"pjcpj"j挨p"fq"vt‒p"sw«pi"8逢運pi"p {" v"m姻v"zg"j挨p0 Xk羽e"vj穎"pijk羽o"x "8 pj"ik "ik違k"vjw壱v Vt pj"m姻v"zg"u胤"8逢嬰e"vj詠e"jk羽p"ejk"vk院v"vtqpi"ej逢挨pi"ucw0
Trang 36Ej逢挨pi"5: VJ盈"PIJK烏O"XÉ"AèPJ"IKè
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e pi"swcp"vt丑pi"j挨p0
5.1 F英"nk羽w"vj穎"pijk羽o
Jk羽p"v衣k."f英"nk羽w"x隠"v·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi"vj詠e"v院"t医v" v"mj»pi"8栄"8吋"vj穎"pijk羽o"ik違k"vjw壱v"Vt pj"m姻v"zg0"Fq"8„."f英"nk羽w"ik違"x隠"v·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi"vjgq"vj運k"ikcp"v衣k khu x詠e"J欝"Eqp"T́c."Sw壱p"3"8逢嬰e"v衣q"tc"8吋"vj穎"pijk羽o
Mjk"j羽"vj嘘pi"8«"8逢嬰e"vj穎"pijk羽o"vj pj"e»pi."vj·"e e"f英"nk羽w"x隠"v·pj"vt衣pi"ikcq"vj»pi"u胤"8逢嬰e"e壱r"pj壱v"o瓜v"e ej"v詠"8瓜pi"n‒p"o {"ej栄"vtwpi"v¤o"vj»pi"swc"j羽"vj嘘pi"vjw"vj壱r"f英"nk羽w"IRU"vt‒p"8k羽p"vjq衣k0"
F英"nk羽w"ik違"f́pi 8吋"vj穎"pijk羽o"ik違k"vjw壱v"t医v"pjk隠w"p‒p"mj»pi"vj吋"nk羽v"m‒"j院v"荏"8¤{"8逢嬰e0"Fq"8„, ej雨"o瓜v"u嘘"j·pj"違pj"okpj"j丑c"x隠"v·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi 8逢嬰e"8逢c"tc"vtqpi"mjq違pi"vj運k"ikcp v瑛"9 ik運 8院p"34 ik運, xem các hình v瑛"5.1 8院p"70;
Trang 37Hình 5.2: Tình hình giao thông lúc 7 ikぜ"12 phút
J·pj"705<"V·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi"n¿e"9"ikぜ"52"rj¿v
Trang 38J·pj"706<"V·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi"n¿e"9"ikぜ"64"rj¿v
J·pj"707<"V·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi"n¿e"9"ikぜ 48 phút
Trang 39J·pj"708<"V·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi"n¿e":"ikぜ
J·pj"709<"V·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi"n¿e":"ikぜ"52"rj¿v
Trang 40J·pj"70:<"V·pj"j·pj"ikcq"vj»pi"n¿e"32"ikぜ