Thiết kế bộ điều khiển sạc từ pin mặt trời có tích hợp cảnh báo nguồn cho các ứng dụng cấp nguồn độc lập

A隠 xu医v"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng tr衣pi"vj k"8k羽p"n逢嬰ng 逸c quy m噂k"8挨p"ik違n v噂i ejk"rj "vj詠c hi羽n th医p, sai s嘘 ejq"rjfir0 ii.. Hi羽n th詠c b瓜 s衣c 逸c quy s穎 d映pi"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8隠 xu医t..

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i A隠 xu医v"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng tr衣pi"vj k"8k羽p"n逢嬰ng 逸c quy m噂k"8挨p"ik違n v噂i ejk"rj "vj詠c hi羽n th医p, sai s嘘 ejq"rjfir0

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iii Pijk‒p"e泳w"x "vjk院t k院 e e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"FE1FE"d p"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng hi羽u su医t cao

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VR0JEO."vj pi"06 / 2014

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pin m員t tr運i s穎 d映ng b瓜 bi院p"8鰻i DC/DC chuy吋n m衣ch m隠o."vt·pj"d {"rj逢挨pi"rj r"

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ch泳c t衣k"A衣i h丑e"D ej"Mjoa TP HCM vj pi"3314235

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1.1 Gi噂i thi羽u 1

1.1 M映e"vk‒w"e栄c"8隠 v k 2

1.2 T亥m quan tr丑ng c栄c"8隠 v k 2

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1.4 Gi噂i h衣n c栄c"8隠 v k 3

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EJ姶愛PI"4< T蔚NG QUAN V遺P"A陰 5

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2.4 M院v"nw壱p 18

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3.3.2 Vjw壱v"vq p"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE 23

3.4 Vj詠e"jk羽p."m院v"sw違 24

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3.4.3 M院v"sw違 26

M蔭V"NW一P 28

EJ姶愛PI"6<"D浦 BI蔭N A蔚I CHUY韻N M萎CH M陰O"DèP"E浦PI"J姶雲NG 29

4.1 M悦"vjw壱v"¥EU."¥XU"vtqpi"e e"DDA"STE 29

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4.4 Pj壱p"zfiv 55

4.4.1 D瓜"dk院p"8鰻k"¥EU-QRC 55

4.4.2 D瓜"dk院p"8鰻k"¥XU-QRC 56

4.4.3 Ak隠w"mjk吋p"e»pi"uw医v"荏"¥XU-QRC 56

4.5 M院v"nw壱p 58

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5.1.2 V pj"vq p"vj»pi"u嘘"Nt"Et 61

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5.3 Vj詠e"pijk羽o 73

5.3.1 Vj詠e"jk羽p"rj亥p"e泳pi 73

5.3.2 M院v"sw違 75

5.3.3 Pj壱p"zfiv 80

5.4 M院v"nw壱p 80

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6.1.1 D瓜"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE 81

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J·pj""50;"A員c tuy院n OCV-SOC th詠c nghi羽m 26

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J·pj""605"*c+"Mj„c"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng 荏 ¥EU0"*d+"Mj„c"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng 荏 ZVS 31

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J·pj""6035"E ej"u逸p x院r"mj„c"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng theo ZVS 43

J·pj""6036"U挨"8欝 m衣ch bi院p"8鰻i h衣 r"Dwem"¥XU-QRC 44

J·pj""6037"E e"vt衣pi"vj k"jq衣v"8瓜ng c栄a Buck ZVS-QRC 44

J·pj""6038"F衣pi"u„pi"e栄a m衣ch Buck ZVS-STE"*c+"D p u„pi"*d+"Vq p"u„pi 45

J·pj""6039"O嘘i quan h羽 gi英c"O"x "hpu"e e"ej院 8瓜: *c+"D p"u„pi"x "*d+"Vq p"u„pi 49 J·pj""603:"U挨"8欝 m衣ch bi院p"8鰻k"v<pi" r"Dqquv"¥XU-QRC (a) M衣ej"8亥{"8栄 (b) M衣ej"8挨p"ik違n 50

J·pj""6042"U挨"8欝 m衣ch bi院p"8鰻i h衣-p¤pi" r"UGRKE"¥XU-QRC (a) M衣ej"8亥{"8栄 (b)

M衣ej"8挨p"ik違n 52

J·pj""6043"O嘘i quan h羽 gi英c"O"x "hpu"e e"ej院 8瓜<"*c+"D p"u„pi."*d+"Vq p"u„pi 54

J·pj""703 U挨"8欝 o»"rj臼ng m衣ch Buck ZVS-QRC b茨ng LTspice 65

J·pj""704""F衣pi"u„pi"f pi"8k‒p"x "8k羽p" r"vt‒p"mj„c"o衣ch Buck ZVS-QRC 65

J·pj""705"E e"f衣pi"u„pi"f pi"8k‒p"x "8k羽p" r"vt‒p"mj„c"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng 66

J·pj""706U挨"8欝 o»"rj臼ng m衣ch Boost ZVS-QRC b茨ng LTspice 69

J·pj""707"F衣pi"u„pi"f pi"8k‒p"x "8k羽p" r"vt‒p"mj„c"o衣ch Boost ZVS-QRC 69

J·pj""708 U挨"8欝 o»"rj臼ng m衣ch SEPIC ZVS-STE"f́pi"NVurkeg0 72

J·pj""709"F衣pi"u„pi"f pi"8k‒p"x "8k羽p" r"vt‒p"mj„c"o衣ch SEPIC ZVS-QRC 72

J·pj""70:"O衣ch SEPIC ZVS-QRC th詠c nghi羽o"U挨"8欝 m衣ej"piw{‒p"n#."*d+"O衣ch ucw"mjk"jq p"vj pj0 74

J·pj""70;"Vj詠c nghi羽m ki吋m tra m衣ch SEPIC ZVS-QRC 75

J·pj""7032"V鰻n jcq"e»pi"uw医v"vt‒p"o衣ch SEPIC ZVS-QRC th詠c nghi羽m (a) Th詠c nghi羽o"*d+"O»"rj臼ng 76

J·pj""7033"F衣pi"u„pi"xEt"x "kNt"vj詠c nghi羽m (a) Th詠c nghi羽o"*d+"O»"rj臼ng 77

DANH M 影C B謂NG

B違pi"403"Rj¤p"nq衣i b瓜 bi院p"8鰻i chuy吋n m衣ch m隠m c瓜pi"j逢荏ng 16

B違pi"503"Ak羽n tr荏 n瓜i 逸e"sw{"vjgq"sw "vt·pj"vj "pijk羽m v噂k"f pi"E1320 26

B違ng 4.1 Kho違ng th運k"ikcp"e e"vt衣pi"vj k"jq衣v"8瓜ng 55

B違ng 5.1 B違pi"e»pi"vj泳e"v pj"mjq違ng th運i gian tr衣pi"vj k"jq衣v"8瓜ng 62

B違ng 5.2 B違pi"e e"mjq違ng th運i gian tr衣pi"vj k"o衣ch Buck ZVS-QRC 64

B違ng 5.3 B違pi"e e"mjq違ng th運i gian tr衣pi"vj k"o衣ch Boost ZVS-QRC 68

B違ng 5.4 B違pi"e e"mjq違ng th運i gian tr衣pi"vj k"o衣ch SEPIC ZVS-QRC 71

M""JK烏W"XÉ"V洩 VI蔭T T溢T TRONG LU一P"X;P

NLMT <"P<pi"n逢嬰ng m員t tr運i

DC/DC : Chuy吋p"8鰻k"8k羽p" r"FE1FE

SEPIC : Single-ended primary-inductor converter

<"DDA"ew瓜p"f¤{"u挨"e医p tham kh違o chung

ZCS : Zero-current switching

Chuy吋n m衣ej"mj»pi"f pi"8k羽n

ZVS : Zero-voltage switching

Chuy吋n m衣ej"mj»pi"8k羽p" r

QRC : Quasi resonant converter

Chuy吋n m衣ej"mj»pi"f pi"8k羽n

EMI : Electromagnetic Interference

Vt‒p" vj詠c t院 e e" j羽 th嘘ng ho衣v" 8瓜pi" 8瓜c l壱r." pj逢" e e" j羽 th嘘pi" 8q" n逢運ng p逢噂c, h羽 th嘘ng quan tr逸e"o»k"vt逢運ng, th栄{"x<p.000"vj逢運ng n茨m nh英ng khu v詠e"x́pi"u¤w"x́pi"zc"mj»pi"e„"n逢噂k"8k羽n ho員c n院u ti院p"j pj"n逸r"8員v"n逢噂k"8k羽n s胤 pj v"ukpj"ejk"

rj "t医t cao cho h羽 th嘘pi0"E e"j羽 th嘘pi"p {"e亥n ngu欝p"e»pi"uw医t nh臼 cung c医p 鰻n 8鵜pj"8吋 h羽 th嘘ng ho衣v"8瓜pi"nk‒p"v映e"e e"pi {"vtqpi"p<o0"P<pi"n逢嬰ng m員t tr運k"n "

ch丑n l詠a t嘘t nh医v."rj́"j嬰p cho nh英ng 泳ng d映pi"p {0"J羽 th嘘ng pin m員t tr運i k院t h嬰p

h羽 th嘘ng 逸c quy d詠 tr英 p<pi"n逢嬰pi"ik¿r"鰻p"8鵜nh cung c医r"8k羽n, b違q"8違o"v pj"nk‒p"

t映c cho h羽 th嘘pi0"Vw{"pjk‒p."p<pi"n逢嬰ng m員t tr運k"n "d医v"8鵜pj."fq"8„"j羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n

m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱r"p {"8 k"j臼k"{‒w"e亥u ph違k"e„"e挨"ej院 c違pj"d q"piw欝n ho衣v"8瓜pi"8隠

rj pi"e e"vt逢運ng h嬰r"mj»pi"oqpi"ow嘘n x違{"tc"n o"o医v"v pj"nk‒p"v映c c栄a h羽 th嘘ng Piq k"tc"j羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"e p"vj臼c"{‒w"e亥w"ejk"rj "vj詠c hi羽n th医r"8吋 gi違m

thi吋w"ik "vj pj"j羽 th嘘pi0"Ak隠w"p {"f磯p"8院n nhu c亥u t衣o ra m瓜t b瓜 8k隠u khi吋p"rj "ejk"

rj "vj医p, hi羽u su医t cao v噂k"{‒u c亥u v隠 s詠 逢噂e"n逢嬰ng tr衣pi"vj k"8k羽p"n逢嬰ng 逸c quy v逢挨pi"8嘘k"ej pj"z e0

A隠 v k" Ð" Vjk院t k院 b瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣c t瑛 pin m員t tr運k" e„" v ej" j嬰p c違pj" d q"

ngu欝p"ejq"e e"泳ng d映ng c医p ngu欝p"8瓜c l壱rÑ"pijk‒p"e泳w"x "8逢c"tc"ik違k"rj r"逢噂c n逢嬰ng tr衣pi"vj k"8k羽p"n逢嬰ng cho h羽 逸c quy d詠 tr英 c栄a h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽p"8瓜c l壱r."ik¿r"

cho vi羽e"ik o"u v"jq衣v"8瓜pi"x "8逢c"tc"e違pj"d q"piw欝p"rj́"j嬰r."fw{"vt·"v pj"鰻p"8鵜nh

逸c quy t瑛 h羽 pin m員t tr運k0"E e"pijk‒p"e泳u p {"pj茨m m映e"8 ej"p¤pi"ecq"jk羽u qu違 s穎

d映pi"p<pi"n逢嬰ng m員t tr運i, gi違m thi吋w"ejk"rj "j羽 th嘘ng, s穎 d映pi"p<pi"n逢嬰ng t瑛 h羽

pin m員t tr運i cung c医r"ejq"e e"泳ng d映ng ho衣v"8瓜pi"8瓜c l壱p 荏 nh英pi"x́pi"u¤w"x́pi"zc"ej逢c"e„"8k羽n v噂k"ik "vj pj"vj医r"o "x磯p"8違m b違q"e e"{‒w c亥u ho衣v"8瓜ng c栄a h羽

th嘘ng

1.1 M 映e"vk‒w"e栄c"8隠 v k"

H羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱r"ejk"rj "t飲 v噂k"e e"m映e"8 ej pijk‒p"e泳w"8逢嬰c vt·pj"d {"荏 vt‒p."8隠 v k"8逢c"tc"e e"o映e"vk‒w"pj逢"ucw<

‚ A隠 xu医v"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng tr衣pi"vj k"8k羽p"n逢嬰ng 逸c quy m噂k"8挨p"

gi違n v噂i ejk"rj "vj詠c hi羽n th医p, sai s嘘 ejq"rjfir0

‚ Hi羽n th詠c b瓜 s衣c 逸c quy s穎 d映pi"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8隠 xu医t

‚ Pijk‒p"e泳w"x "vjk院t k院 e e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"FE1FE"d p"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng v噂i hi羽u

su医t chuy吋p"8鰻k"8逢嬰c c違i thi羽n

‚ Th詠c nghi羽m ki吋m ch泳pi"rj逢挨pi" p"vjk院t k院 vt‒p"d瓜 8i隠u khi吋n s衣c pin

m員t tr運i

1.2 T亥m quan tr丑ng c栄c"8隠 v k

A隠 v k"rj¤p"v ej"x "ik違i quy院t v医p"8隠 逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8k羽p"n逢嬰pi"x "e違pj"d q"逸c

quy v噂k"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8挨p"ik違n, d宇 f pi" r"f映ng cho h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t

tr運k"8瓜c l壱p, ik¿r"p¤pi"ecq" jk羽u qu違 qu違p"n#"x " u詠 cp" vq p"e栄a nh英ng h羽 th嘘ng Rj逢挨pi"rj r"p {."v噂i nh英pi"vjc{"8鰻k"8挨p"ik違n, e pi"e„"vj吋 r"f映pi"ejq"e e"j羽

th嘘ng 8瓜c l壱r"mj e0

Piq k"tc."8隠 v k"e p"8逢c"tc"rj逢挨pi" p"vjk院t k院 b瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣c pin m員t tr運i e„"jk羽u su医v"ecq"j挨p"uq"x噂k"e e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻i DC/DC th»pi"vj逢運ng B瓜 8k隠u khi吋n

p {"ik¿r"ejq"xk羽c nh壱p"p<pi"n逢嬰ng c詠e"8衣i t瑛 pin m員t tr運k."n o"v<pi"jk羽u su医t h羽

th嘘ng V噂k"e e"m院t qu違 8衣v"8逢嬰e"vtqpi"8隠 v k."rj逢挨pi"rj r"vjk院t k院 b瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"p {"

e p"8逢嬰c 泳ng d映pi"x q"e e"j羽 th嘘ng chuy吋p"8鰻k"e»pi"uw医v"mj e0

Pj逢"v壱{"8隠 v k"pijk‒p"e泳u gi違i quy院t hai v医p"8隠 trong h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運i 8瓜c l壱r"n "v嘘k"逢w"jq衣v"8瓜ng c栄a h羽 th嘘ng (c違pj"d q"piw欝p+"x "v嘘k"逢w"e»pi"uw医t s穎

d映ng c栄a h羽 th嘘pi."v<pi"v pj"jk羽u qu違 trong vi羽c s穎 d映pi"p<pi"n逢嬰ng m員t tr運i

1.3 A嘘k"v逢嬰pi"x "rh衣m vi nghk‒p"e泳u

A隠 v k"mj違q"u v h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱r"e»pi"uw医t nh臼 ejk"rj "vj医p, t違i

ho衣v"8瓜ng 鰻p"8鵜nh, g欝m m瓜t 逸e"sw{"ej·"czkv."d瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣e"x "j羽 pin m員t tr運i

v噂k"e»pi"uw医t nh臼 j挨p"472Y0

A嘘k" v逢嬰pi" pijk‒p" e泳u c栄c" 8隠 v k" rj逢挨pi" rj r" 逢噂e" n逢嬰ng tr衣ng vj k" 8k羽n n逢嬰ng 逸e"sw{"ej·"czkv."vt詠c ti院r."ejk"rj "vj医p, sai s嘘 逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"ejq"rjfir"*f逢噂i 5%)

Piq k"tc."8隠 v k"e p"pijk‒p"e泳u thi院t k院 b瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣c pin m員t tr運k"f́pi"

b瓜 bi院p"8鰻i chuy吋n m衣ch m隠m lo衣k"d p"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng

d違k"e»pi"uw医t l噂p"j挨p"e亥p"pijk‒p"e泳w"e e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻i chuy吋n m衣ch m隠o"rj́"j嬰p

B瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣c pin m員t tr運k"ej逢c"v ej"j嬰r"e e"vjw壱v"vq p"v·o"8k吋o"e»pi"

su医t c詠e"8衣i c栄a h羽 pin m員t tr運i

E e"m院t qu違 th詠c nghi羽o"8逢嬰c th詠c hi羽p"vtqpi"rj pi"vj "pijk羽o."ej逢c"泳ng

d映ng ra th詠c t院

1.5 Rj逢挨pi"rj r"pijk‒p"e泳u

A隠 v k"u穎 d映pi"e e"rj逢挨pi"rj r"rj¤p"v ej."8 pj"ik "mj違q"u v"vjw"vj壱p d英

li羽w."o»"rj臼ng, th詠c nghi羽o"8吋 th詠c hi羽p"8隠 v k0

‚ T鰻ng h嬰r"x "rj¤p"v ej"e e"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi."e e"o»"j·pj"逸c quy,

e e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻i c瓜pi"j逢荏pi"8逢嬰e"pijk‒p"e泳w"vt‒p"vj院 gi噂k0"A pj"ik "e e"rj逢挨pi" p" 8„." l詠a ch丑n ho員e" 8隠 xu医v" rj逢挨pi" p" rj́" j嬰p m映e" 8 ej"pijk‒p"e泳u

‚ Rj¤p"v ej."8 pj"ik "e e"f英 li羽u thu th壱r"8吋 z¤{"f詠pi"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂c n逢嬰pi"rj́"j嬰p

‚ Rj¤p"v ej."uq"u pj"x "8 pj"ik "e e"m院t qu違 o»"rj臼ng, th詠c nghi羽m c栄a

e e"d瓜 逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"x "d瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣e"f́pi b瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"d p"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng

‚ Thi院t k院."vjk"e»pi"d瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣c pin m員t tr運k"f́pi"rj逢挨pi"rj r"vjk院t

k院 b瓜 8k隠u khi吋p"d p"e瓜pi"j逢荏pi"8隠 xu医t

V„o"n衣k."ucw"mjk"z e"8鵜pj"8亥{"8栄 e e"vj pj"rj亥n c栄c"8隠 v k"pijk‒p"e泳w"pj逢"vt‒p"vc"vk院p"j pj"vj詠c hi羽n n瓜i dung c栄c"8隠 v k."8逢嬰e"vt·pj"d { 荏 e e"ej逢挨pi"vk院p

theo c栄c"8隠 v k0

EJ姶愛PI"4< T蔚NG QUAN V遺P"A陰

H羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱p bao g欝o"e e"vj pj"rj亥p"ej pj<"j羽 th嘘ng pin

m員t tr運i, h羽 th嘘ng 逸c quy d詠 tr英 p<pi"n逢嬰ng, b瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣e"x "v違k"vk‒w"vj映 Trong 8隠 v k."vc"zfiv"8院n h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運i 8瓜c l壱r"e»pi"uw医t nh臼 f逢噂i 250W v噂k"e e"{‒w"e亥u c栄a h羽 th嘘pi"n "逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8k羽p"n逢嬰ng 逸e"sw{"8吋 8逢c"tc"e違pj"d q"piw欝n cho

h羽 th嘘pi"x "pijk‒p"e泳u t嘘k"逢w"vjk院t k院 e e"d瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣c pin m員t tr運i nh茨o"p¤pi"

cao hi羽u su医t ho衣v"8瓜ng c栄a h羽 th嘘ng

Ej逢挨pi"p {"u胤 vt·pj"d {"v鰻pi"swcp"e e"pijk‒p"e泳w"nk‒p"swcp"8吋 8逢c"tc"e e"rj逢挨pi" p"rj́"j嬰p gi違i quy院t hai v医p"8隠 vt‒p0

2.1 溢e"sw{"ej·"czkv

2.1.1 溢e"sw{"ej·"czkv"vtqpi"j羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱p

Vt‒p"vj詠c t院 逸e"sw{"ej·"czkv"8逢嬰c 泳ng d映ng r医t nhi隠u trong h羽 th嘘ng d詠 tr英

cung c医p ngu欝n cho h羽 th嘘ng vi宇p"vj»pi."j羽 th嘘ng d詠 tr英 vtqpi"e e"d瓜 n逢w"8k羽p.È"

Trong h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱p, 逸e"sw{"ej·"czkv"n "vj pj"rj亥p"n逢w"vt英 p<pi"n逢嬰ng ch栄 8衣q0"Vw{"pjk‒p."u詠 b医v"8鵜nh c栄c"p<pi"n逢嬰ng m員t tr運k"*PNOV+"i¤{"tc"u詠 mj»pi"nk‒p"v映c cung c医r"8k羽n cho t違i s穎 d映pi."x·"vj院 h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱p e»pi"uw医t nh臼 c亥n s穎 d映ng h羽 th嘘pi"d·pj"逸e"sw{"8吋 d詠 tr英 p<pi"n逢嬰ng M映e"8 ej"

c栄a h羽 th嘘pi"p {"n "ewpi"e医r"8k羽p"nk‒p"v映c cho t違i, t衣o s詠 鰻p"8鵜pj"x "nk‒p"m院t pin m員t

tr運i v噂i t違i trong h羽 th嘘ng

V噂i m映e"8 ej"8逢c"tc"8逢嬰e"e e"e違pj"d q"piw欝p"rj́"j嬰p cho 逸c quy ta ti院n

j pj"rj¤p"v ej"e e"o»"j·pj"逸c quy, ch丑p"tc"o»"j·pj"rj́"j嬰p cho h羽 th嘘pi"8cpi"

2.1.2.1 M »"j·pj"8挨p"ik違p"Tkpv

A¤{"n "o»"j·pj"vw{院p"v pj"u穎 d映pi"e e"vj pj"rj亥p"8k羽n bao g欝o"8k羽p" r"j荏

m衣ej"*Qrgp"ektewkv"xqnvcig"*QEX++"x "8k羽n tr荏 n瓜i 逸e"sw{0"O»"j·pj"8逢嬰c th吋 hi羽n pj逢"j·pj"f逢噂i

J·pj""2.1 O»"j·pj"8挨p"ik違n c栄a 逸e"sw{"ej·"czkv0

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m荏 r瓜ng v噂k"e e"逢w"8k吋m c栄c"p„"t医v"rj́"j嬰p cho vi羽c th詠c hi羽n m瓜t gi違k"rj r"逢噂c n逢嬰pi"ejk"rj "vj医r."8挨p"ik違p"x "jk羽u qu違0"A隠 v k"ej丑n s穎 d映pi"o»"j·pj"Vjgxgpkp"

m荏 r瓜pi"8吋 th吋 hi羽p"e e"8逢運pi"8員c tuy院n s衣c x違 逸c quy trong vi羽e"rj¤p"v ej"x "8隠

xu医t thu壱v"vq p"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8k羽p"n逢嬰ng 逸e"sw{"*8逢嬰e"v·pj"d {"荏 ej逢挨pi"vk院p theo c栄a

lu壱p"x<p+0

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nhi隠u 泳ng d映pi"8 k"j臼k"8瓜 tin c壱y cao, ho衣v"8瓜ng 鰻p"8鵜nh S詠 逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"ej pj"z e"

tr衣pi"vj k"逸e"sw{"n "o瓜v"{‒w"e亥u c医p thi院v"vtqpi"e e"j羽 th嘘ng ho衣v"8瓜pi"nk‒p"v映e"pj逢"

s穎 d映pi"pj逢"zg"8k羽n, ngu欝p"8k羽n vi宇p"vj»pi."j羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱r0"Fq"8„"vtqpi"pi pj"e»pi"pijk羽r"8«"rj v"vtk吋n r瓜pi"t«k"o瓜t s嘘 rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng tr衣ng

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x q"rj逢挨pi"vj泳c ti院p"j pj"o "8逢嬰c s穎 d映pi"rj́"j嬰r"ejq"e e"泳ng d映pi"mj e"pjcw0

2.2.1 Aq"8k羽p" r"j荏"o衣ej

Rj逢挨pi"rj r"8q"8k羽p" r"j荏 m衣ch (Open circuit voltage method (OCV)) s穎

d映pi"8k羽p" r"e栄a m瓜v"pi<p"逸e"sw{"pj逢"o瓜t ch雨 s嘘 hi羽n th運i c栄a SOC Ch雨 s嘘 SOC

c栄a 逸e"sw{"8逢嬰e"zgo"n "o瓜v"j o"vw{院p"v pj"e栄a OCV M員e"f́"rj逢挨pi"rj r"8q"QEX"8逢嬰c bi院v"8院p"pj逢"o瓜v"rj逢挨pi"rj r"ej雨 tc"ik "vt鵜 ej pj"z e"e栄c"UQE."rj逢挨pi"

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e e"{‒w"e亥w"nk‒p"v映c c医r"8k羽n c栄a h羽 th嘘pi"p {0"

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m泳e"8瓜 th詠c t院 8k羽p" r."pjk羽v"8瓜, t嘘e"8瓜 x違 x "vw鰻i th丑 c栄a 逸c quy [6]

2.2.2 Rj逢挨pi"rj r"8院o"Cj"jc{"8院o"Eqwnqod""

Rj逢挨pi"rj r"p {"e p"i丑k"n "rj逢挨pi"rj r"vt詠c ti院p [7,8], g欝o"sw "vt·pj"n医y

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s胤 8逢c"tc"uck"u嘘 rjfir"8q"n噂p"j挨p"vtqpi"sw "vt·pj"v ej"n {"8q"8衣e0"Piq k"tc."rj逢挨pi"

rj r"p {"f詠c"vt‒p"sw "vt·pj"z違."fq"8„"p院w"mj»pi"e„"mk院n th泳c v隠 e e"8逢運pi"8員c

tuy院n x違 (th運k" ikcp." f pi" 8k羽n x違+" vj·" mj»pi" vj吋 逢噂e" v pj" 8逢嬰c SOC hi羽n th運i PNOV"n "d医v"8鵜pj."pj逢"x壱{."rj逢挨pi"rj r"p {"mj»pi"f́pi"8逢嬰c cho h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n

m員t tr運k"8cpi"zfiv"x·"f pi"8k羽n s衣c 逸e"sw{"nw»p"dk院p"8鰻i theo NLMT

2.2.3 Rj逢挨pi"rj r"f́pi"vjw壱v"vq p"vj ej"pijk

Rj逢挨pi"rj r"p {"n "f́pi"e e"vjw壱v"vq p"vj ej"pijk"pj逢"b瓜 l丑c Kalman, m衣ng Pgwtcn.È"8吋 逢噂e"n逢嬰ng SOC [9-11] H羽 th嘘pi"vj ej"pijk"n "pj英ng h羽 th嘘ng thi院t k院 e„"vj吋 8逢嬰c t詠 8瓜pi"8k隠u ch雨nh trong h羽 th嘘pi"vjc{"8鰻k0"E pi"pj逢"逸c quy b鵜 違nh j逢荏ng b荏i nhi隠u y院u t嘘 j„c"j丑e"d‒p"vtqpi"x "e„"ej雨 s嘘 SOC phi tuy院n, h羽 th嘘ng

8k吋m c栄c"rj逢挨pi"rj r"p {"n "f́pi"e e"xk"z穎 n#"v p"jk羽w"v pj"vq p"e e"e»pi"vj泳c c栄a

thu壱v"vq p0"Mj嘘k"n逢嬰pi"v pj"vq p"n "t医t l噂n d磯n t噂k"ejk"rj "mj "ecq0

2.2.4 Rj逢挨pi"rj r"nck

Vt‒p"vj詠c t院 e e"pj "pijk‒p"e泳w"e p"f́pi"rj逢挨pi"rj r"nck"m院t h嬰r"逢w"8k吋m

c栄c"e e"rj逢挨pi"rj r"vt‒p"v衣q"tc"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng t嘘k"逢w."e違i thi羽p"8瓜 ej pj"

z e" e栄a vi羽e" 逢噂e" n逢嬰pi" UQE0" E e" pijk‒p" e泳u g亥p" 8¤{" ]35.36_" ejq" vj医{" rj逢挨pi"

rj r"nck"8逢c"tc"m院t qu違 逢噂e"n逢嬰ng SOC t嘘v"j挨p"pjk隠u so v噂k"e e"rj逢挨pi"rj r"8瓜c

l壱r0"Rj逢挨pi"rj r"p {"u胤 n "j逢噂pi"rj v"vtk吋p"pijk‒p"e泳u trong nh英pi"p<o"vk院p theo

Vw{"pj‒p."v逢挨pi"v詠 e e"rj逢挨pi"rj r"vt逢噂e."rj逢挨pi"rj r"nck"x磯p"e p"v欝n t衣i

nh英pi"pj逢嬰e"8k吋m c栄a m厩i lo衣k."mj»pi"vj吋 r"f映ng cho h羽 th嘘pi"8cpi"mj違q"u v0

Pj逢"x壱y, v噂i vi羽e"rj¤p"v ej"e e"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE"vt‒p"vc"vj医y t<pi"e亥p"e„"o瓜v"rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng SOC m噂k"rj́"j嬰p v噂k"e e"8員e"8k吋m ho衣t 8瓜ng c栄a h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱r"ejk"rj "vj医r"pj逢"v pj"nk‒p"v映c c医r"8k羽n, ho衣t 8瓜ng 鰻p"8鵜pj."ik "vj pj"t飲0"Rj逢挨pi"rj r"p {"u胤 8逢嬰e"vt·pj"d {"荏 ej逢挨pi"ucw"x噂i

e e"m院t qu違 t嘘t c栄c"sw "vt·pj"vj詠c nghi羽m ki吋m ch泳ng

Ph亥n ti院p theo s胤 vt·pj"d {"x隠 v医p"8隠 ti院r"vjgq"8隠 v k"pijk‒p"e泳w."e e"d瓜 8k隠u

khi吋n s衣c t瑛 pin m員t tr運k"x "e e"rj逢挨pi"rj r"t嘘k"逢w"vjk院t k院 cho b瓜 8k隠u khi吋p"p {0

2.3 D瓜"8k隠w"mjk吋p"u衣e"v瑛"rkp"o員v"vt運k"""

H羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱p c亥n d詠 tr英 p<pi"n逢嬰pi"x q"逸e"sw{0"Vt‒p"vj詠c

t院 e„"jck"e ej"8k隠u khi吋n s衣e"p<pi"n逢嬰ng m員t tr運k"x q"逸e"sw{"n "u衣c tr詠c ti院r"x "u衣c vj»pi"swc"e e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"*DDA+"FE1FE0"E e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"FE1FE"vj»pi"vj逢運ng

*DDA"v<pi"" r."DDA"ik違o" r."DDA"v<pi- gi違o+"8k隠u khi吋p"sw "vt·pj"u衣c b茨pi"mj„c"e»pi"uw医t Hi羽p"pc{."vtqpi"e e"DDA"e„"v ej"j嬰r"e e"m悦 thu壱t chuy吋n m衣ch m隠m

c瓜pi"j逢荏pi."e p"i丑k"n "DDA"ejw{吋n m衣ch m隠m hay DDA"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng, v噂i nhi隠u 逢w"8k吋o"j挨p"e e"DDA"vj»pi"vj逢運ng

2.3.1 Rj¤p"nq衣k"d瓜"8k隠w"mjk吋p"u衣e

2.3.1.1 D瓜"8k隠w"mjk吋p"u衣e"vt詠e"vk院r

A¤{"n "d瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣e"8挨p"ik違n nh医t, ch雨 f́pi"e e"nkpj"mk羽p"e»pi"uw医v"e挨"

b違p"8k隠u khi吋p"f pi"8k羽n t瑛 pin m員t tr運k"x q"u衣c cho 逸e"sw{"o "mj»pi"swc"d医t c泳

m衣ch chuy吋p"8鰻k"8k羽p" r"jc{"f pi"8k羽p"p q0"D瓜 8k隠u khi吋p"p {"vj逢運pi"8逢嬰e"v pj"

vq p"8吋 b違o v羽 e e"vt逢運ng h嬰r"sw " r."sw "f pi"vtqpi"sw "vt·pj"u衣c

Hi羽u su医t c栄a b瓜 8k隠u khi吋p"p {"vj逢運pi"x q"mjq違ng 70% ph映 thu瓜e"x q"逸c sw{"x "rkp"o員t tr運i thi院t k院

2.3.1.2 D瓜"8k隠w"mjk吋p"u衣e"f́pi"d瓜"dk院p"8鰻k"8k羽p" r"FE1FE

B瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"8k羽p" r"FE1FE"vj»pi"vj逢運ng g欝o"e e"d瓜 e挨"d違n pj逢<

- BDA v<pi" r"*Boost converter)

- BDA gi違o" r"*Buck converter)

- BDA v<pi-gi違o" r"*Buck-boost, Cuk converter, SEPIC)

Hi羽p"pc{"DDA"FE1FE"8逢嬰e"v ej"j嬰p trong nhi隠u 泳ng d映pi"8k隠u khi吋p"e»pi"

su医v"vt‒p"vj院 gi噂i Trong h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽n m員t tr運k."vj»pi"swc"xk羽e"8k隠u khi吋p"8瓜 r瓜ng

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p {"x噂i thu壱v"vq p"f "8k吋o"n o"xk羽c c詠e"8衣i (Max Power Point Traking (MPPT)) ta e„" vj吋 l医{" e»pi" uw医t c詠e" 8衣i c栄a t医m pin m員t tr運k0" Fq" 8„." jk羽u su医t c栄a b瓜 8k隠u

khi吋p"p {"ecq"j挨p"pjk隠u so v噂i b瓜 8k隠u khi吋n s衣c tr詠c ti院p

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c泳w"v ej"j嬰p nh英pi"rj逢挨pi"vj泳c thi院t k院 x q"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻i FE1FE"ik¿r"v嘘k"逢w"o衣ch 8k隠u khi吋n, t衣q"p‒p"pj逢pi"逢w"8k吋m n鰻i tr瓜k"j挨p"uq"x噂k"DDA"vj»pi"vj逢運ng

2.3.2 D瓜"dk院p"8鰻k"FE1FE"ejw{吋p"o衣ej"o隠o

E e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"e»pi"uw医v"vtqpi"e e"j羽 th嘘pi"8k羽p"vj逢運pi"8逢嬰c thi院t k院 8違m

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cao, t鰻n hao trong m衣ch bi院p"8鰻i (bao g欝m t鰻n hao d磯p"x "v鰻n hao chuy吋n m衣ch) v<pi" n‒p0" A欝ng th運k" e p" i¤{" p‒p" e e" zwpi" 8k羽p" r." i¤{" tc" e e" pjk宇w" 8k羽n t瑛

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A吋 gi違m t鰻n th医v"x p¤pi"ecq"jk羽u su医t h羽 th嘘ng, m壱v"8瓜 e»pi"uw医v."x "jk羽u

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T 鰻n hao chuy吋n m衣ch

E e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻k"8k羽p"vj»pi"vj逢運ng ho衣v"8瓜ng 荏 ch院 8瓜 chuy吋n m衣ch c泳ng

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姶w"8k吋m b瓜 bi院p"8鰻i c瓜pi"j逢荏ng

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E„"t医t nhi隠w"e ej"8吋 rj¤p"nq衣k"e e"d瓜 bi院p"8鰻i c瓜pi"j逢荏pi0"Ej¿pi"vc"e„"vj吋 rj¤p"nq衣k"pj逢"vtqpi"d違ng 2.1

V‒p DDA"d p"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng DDA"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng t違i C瓜pi"j逢荏ng chuy吋n m衣ch A員c

song

C瓜pi"j逢荏pi"d p"m#"o荏

r瓜ng Ac"e瓜pi"j逢荏ng Cti瓜pi"j逢荏ng n嘘i 院p- song song

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d映pi" e e" DDD" ejw{吋n m衣ch m隠o" d p" e瓜pi" j逢荏ng (Quasi-resonant converter

(QRC))

2.3.3 DDA"d p"e瓜pi"j逢荏pi"x "泳pi"f映pi

Nhi隠w"e»pi"vt·pj"pijk‒p"e泳w"8逢嬰e"e»pi"d嘘 vt‒p"vj院 gi噂i [14-20] s穎 d映pi"e e"

b瓜 bi院p"8鰻i c瓜pi"j逢荏ng chuy吋n m衣ch m隠o"x q"e e"泳ng d映pi"8k吋u khi吋p"e»pi"uw医t

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nghi羽o"vjw"8逢嬰e"e e"m院t qu違 r医t kh違 quan, hi羽u su医v"n‒p"8院n 94.8% [18], t亥n s嘘 ho衣t 8瓜ng cao 20Mhz [19] Vw{"pjk‒p"pijk‒p"e泳u v隠 泳ng d映pi"DDA"p {"x q"j羽 th嘘ng 8k羽n m員t tr運k"8瓜c l壱p v磯p"ej逢c"8逢嬰c th詠c hi羽n t衣i Vi羽v"Pco0"A隠 v k"vt·pj"d {"rj¤p"

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2.4 M院v"nw壱p

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x "u詠 cp"vq p"e栄a nh英ng h羽 th嘘pi"8„0

A隠 v k"8隠 xu医t s穎 d映ng m瓜v"o»"j·pj"逸e"sw{"8挨p"ik違p"j„c."ej雨 {‒w"e亥w"8亥u

x q"n "8k羽p" r"8亥u c詠e"x "f pi"8k羽n 逸e"sw{."8亥u ra s胤 cung c医p tr衣pi"vj k"v泳c th運i 8k羽p"n逢嬰ng c栄a 逸e"sw{0"Rj逢挨pi"rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"p {"e„"vj吋 8逢嬰c s穎 d映pi"8吋 theo

f k"vr衣pi"vj k"p<pi"n逢嬰ng c栄a h羽 th嘘ng pin m員t tr運k"x "8逢c"tc"e違pj"d q"u噂o"8吋 e e"

pj "8k隠w"j pj"e栄a h羽 th嘘ng thu th壱p d英 li羽u, g欝m nhi隠u tr衣o"8q"PNOV"8逢嬰c k院t

n嘘k0"U挨"8欝 kh嘘i c栄a b瓜 逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8逢嬰c hi吋n th鵜 vtqpi"j·pj"5030

Trong ph亥p"ucw"ej¿pi"vc"u胤 rj¤p"v ej"o»"j·pj"逸c quy v噂i s詠 mj e"pjcw"e栄a jck"sw "vt·pj"u衣e"x "z違, d磯p"8院p"rj v"vtk吋n thu壱v"vq p"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8k羽p"n逢嬰ng 逸c quy 荏

nh英ng ph亥n ti院p theo Thu壱v"vq p"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"p {"e pi"8逢嬰e" r"f映pi"vt‒p"o瓜t 逸c quy

O»"j·pj"dcq"i欝m m瓜t ngu欝p" r"Xcell, m瓜v"8k羽n tr荏 n嘘i ti院p R0."x "jck"e員p RC

m逸c song song, m厩i c員p m逸c n嘘i ti院p v噂i m瓜v"fkqfg"8吋 t衣o m瓜t chi隠w"f pi"8k羽p"z e"8鵜pj"8k"swc"e e"e員r"TE"p {0

F逢噂i tr衣pi" vj k" z e" l壱p x " vtqpi" o瓜t kho違ng th運i gian ng逸n (kho違pi" x k"ik¤{+." f pi" 8k羽p" e„" vj吋 zgo" pj逢" n " j茨ng s嘘0" Vtqpi" vt逢運ng h嬰r" p {" u胤 mj»pi" e„"

f pi"swc"v映 C1 T瑛 8¤{"vc"vjw"8逢嬰e"e»pi"vj泳c:

I R V I R I R V

3.3 Vjw壱v"vq p"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE

3.3.1 A逢運pi"8員e"vw{院p"QEX-SOC

Trong thu壱v"vq p"8逢嬰e"8隠 xu医v."UQE"8逢嬰e"zfiv"8院p"pj逢"n "o瓜v"j o"e栄c"8k羽n r"j荏 m衣ch OCV Gi違 s穎 s詠 bi院p"8鰻i c栄a nhi羽v"8瓜 o»k"vt逢運pi"mj»pi"8 pi"m吋 D英

li羽u thu th壱r"8吋 z¤{"f詠pi"p‒p"8逢運pi"8員c tuy院p"p {"8逢嬰c thu th壱p t瑛 nh英pi"8k隠u

ki羽n chu育p"pj逢"pjk羽v"8瓜 rj pi x "sw "vt·pj"u衣c x違 v噂k"f pi"j茨ng, v噂i 逸c quy s穎

d映pi"8逢嬰e"d p"vt‒p"vj鵜 vt逢運ng

雲 8¤{."swcp"j羽 phi tuy院n gi英c"QEX"x "UQE"u胤 8逢嬰c tuy院p"v pj"j„c"v瑛ng 8q衣n theo d英 li羽u thu th壱p t瑛 m瓜t l亥n th穎 nghi羽o"vt‒p"逸e"sw{."v逢挨pi"v詠 pj逢"]8_0"Vw{"pjk‒p."sw "vt·pj"逢噂c n逢嬰pi"8逢嬰e"8隠 xu医t s胤 mj»pi"u穎 d映pi"o»"j·pj"vt衣pi"vj k"mj»pi"

gian b荏k"x·"x噂k"o»"j·pj"8„"u胤 c亥p"f́pi"o瓜v"e»pi"e映 v pj"vq p"x噂k"ejk"rj "ecq0"Sw "vt·pj"z¤{"f詠pi"8逢運pi"8員c tuy院n OCV-UQE"8逢嬰c di宇n t違 pj逢"f逢噂k"8¤{0

Gi違 s穎 r茨ng d違i SOC c栄a 逸e"sw{"8逢嬰e"ejkc"vj pj"n ph亥p."x "vt‒p"vj詠c t院 f逢噂i

e e"8k隠u ki羽n nhi羽v"8瓜 ho衣v"8瓜pi"ejq"vt逢噂c 泳ng v噂i m厩i ph亥p"e„"8k羽n tr荏 n瓜i c栄a 逸c sw{"n "j茨ng s嘘0"D¤{"ik運 ej¿pi"vc"zfiv"8院p"e e"8逢運pi"8員c tuy院n s衣c x違, 荏 8¤{"逸c quy 8cpi"jq衣v"8瓜ng 荏 f pi"Ibat b茨ng C/10 M嘘i quan h羽 gi英c"8k羽p" r vt‒p"8k羽n c詠c 逸c

quy Vbatx "UQE"8逢嬰c th吋 hi羽p"pj逢"j·pj"f逢噂i

J·pj""3.5 A欝 th鵜 s衣e"x "z違 c栄a 逸c quy

雲 8¤{"vc"e pi"ik違 s穎 r茨pi"8k羽n tr荏 n瓜i 逸c quy 荏 sw "vt·pj"u衣e"x "z違 n "d茨ng

nhau, Rtot = Rc = Rd, 荏 épi"ik "vt鵜 UQE0"A欝 th鵜 s衣c x違 n "vw{院p"v pj"vt‒p"o厩i ph亥n

chia 荏 vt‒p."v衣i m瓜v"ik "vt鵜 SOC (ho員e"QEX+."e e"o嘘i quan h羽 sau ph違k"8逢嬰c th臼a o«p<

10.5 11 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5

Th運i gian (gi運)

F逢噂i vi羽c tuy院p"v pj"j„c"8員c tuy院n OCV-UQE"x "8k羽n tr荏 n瓜i c栄a 逸c quy

trong ph亥n th泳 k."vc"z e"8鵜pj"8逢嬰e"e e"ik "vt鵜 OCV(i) x "Rtot(i) T瑛 e»pi"vj泳c (3.3)

x "*506+."vc"uw{"tc"8逢嬰e"e e"o嘘i quan h羽 sau:

Thay th院 ejq"vq p"d瓜 e e"rj亥p"UQE"e p"n衣i s胤 ik¿r"vc"z¤{"f詠pi"p‒p"rj逢挨pi"

rj r"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE"8挨p"ik違p"ejq"vq p"d瓜 tr衣pi"vj k"e栄a 逸c quy T瑛 e e"sw "vt·pj"rj¤p"v ej"rj c"vt‒p"e„"vj吋 nh壱n th医{"8逢運pi"8員c tuy院n OCV-SOC s胤 bao g欝o"e e"8q衣n tuy院p"v pj."f逢噂i 8k羽n tr荏 n瓜k"n "j茨ng s嘘 cho m厩i ph亥n

V噂i m厩k"u挨"8欝 o»"j·pj"逸e"sw{"vjw"8逢嬰c cho m厩k"sw "vt·pj"u衣c x違 ta s胤 e„"8逢嬰c thu壱v"vq p"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8挨p"ik違p"8吋 逢噂e"v pj"ik "vt鵜 SOC 荏 ph亥n ti院p theo

3.3.2 Vjw壱v"vq p"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE

F逢噂k"e e"8k隠u ki羽n ho衣v"8瓜pi"vj逢運pi."vc"e„"m瓜v"8k羽p" r"vt‒p"8亥u c詠c 逸c quy

Vbatx "f pi"u衣c/x違 逸c quy Ibatejq"sw "vt·pj"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE0"Zfiv"vt逢運ng h嬰p 逸c quy f逢噂k"sw "vt·pj"u衣c, t瑛 (3.2) ta th医{"e„"jck"8衣k"n逢嬰pi"ej逢c"dk院v"n "QEX"x "Tc0"Fq"8„."vc"f́pi"rj逢挨pi"rj r"n員r"8吋 v pj"vq p"ik "vt鵜 QEX"x "UQE"pj逢"ucw<

‚ D逢噂c 1: B逸v"8亥w"v pj"vq p"x噂i m瓜t ph亥n 荏 gi英a c栄c"f«k"e e"rj亥n SOC Ak羽n tr荏 n瓜k"vtqpi"sw "vt·pj"u衣c Rc."ik "vt鵜 c詠c ti吋w"x "ik "vt鵜 c詠e"8衣i OCV 8«"8逢嬰c bi院v"vt逢噂c

‚ D逢噂e"4<"V pj"vq p"8k羽p" r"8亥u c詠c c詠c ti吋u Vt,min x "e詠e"8衣i Vt,max c栄a 逸c

quy 泳ng v噂k"f pi"u衣c Ibatf́pi"e»pi"vj泳c (3.2)

‚ D逢噂c 3: N院u Vbat < Vt,min, chuy吋p"8院n ph亥n SOC ti院r"vjgq"d‒p"rj c"vt k"x "

l員p l衣k"v pj"vq p"v瑛 d逢噂c 2 v噂k"ik "vt鵜 Rc, c詠c ti吋w"x "e詠e"8衣i OCV m噂i

N院u Vbat > Vt,max, chuy吋n t噂i ph亥p"UQE"d‒p"rj c"rj違i x "n員p l衣k"v pj"vq p"

t瑛 d逢噂c 2 v噂k"ik "vt鵜 Rc, c詠c ti吋w"x "e詠e"8衣i OCV m噂i

‚ D逢噂e"6<"Vc"8cpi"荏 8¿pi"rj亥p"UQE."v pj"vq p"QEX"v逢挨pi"泳ng v噂i Vbatx "

Ibatf́pi"e»pi"vj泳e"*504+."ucw"8„"p瓜i suy SOC t瑛 e»pi"vj泳c (3.7)

* left+left

SOC SOC

SOC

/

/ -

雲 8¤{"SOCleft x "OCVleft n "e e"UQE"x "8k羽p" r"j荏 m衣ej"d‒p"vt k."SOCright x "

OCVrightn "e e"UQE"x "8k羽p" r"j荏 m衣ej"d‒p"rj違i c栄a ph亥p"UQE"8cpi"zfiv"pj逢"j·pj"508"d‒p"f逢噂i

A吋 ki吋o"vtc"v pj"jk羽u qu違 x "jk羽u su医t c栄a thu壱v"vq p"8隠 xu医t, m瓜v"8逢運pi"8員c

tuy院n OCV-UQE"8逢嬰e"z¤{"f詠ng t瑛 e e"f英 li羽u thu th壱r"8逢嬰e"vtqpi"vj "pijk羽m th詠c

t院 vt‒p"逸c quy 12V-904Cj"8逢嬰e"d p"vt‒p"vj鵜 vt逢運pi0"Sw "vt·pj"vj詠c nghi羽o"8逢嬰c

th詠c hi羽n 荏 f pi"u衣c/x違 20957C."f逢噂k"e e"8k隠u ki羽n nhi羽v"8瓜 vj逢運ng Thu壱t to p""逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE"8逢嬰c s穎 d映pi"vtqpi"d k"mk吋o"vtc"uq"u pj"ik英c"8逢運pi"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng UQE"x "8逢運ng l医y t瑛 rj逢挨pi"rj r"8院m Ah

SOC right

SOC left

SOC

OCVright OCVleft OCV OCV SOC

A吋 thu th壱p d英 li羽w"vc"f́pi"d瓜 n逢w"f英 li羽w."pj逢"j·pj"509"d‒p"f逢噂i, l医{"nk‒p"

t映e"e e"vj»pi"u嘘 ho衣v"8瓜ng c栄a 逸c quy khi th詠c nghi羽m B瓜 n逢w d英 li羽w"p {"8逢嬰c

thi院t k院 8吋 th詠c hi羽p"e e"sw "vt·pj"u衣c/x違 f pi"j茨pi"vj»pi"swc"nkpj"mk羽p"8k隠u ch雨nh

tuy院p"v pj"NO5390"Ak羽p" r"x "f pi"8k羽n ho衣v"8瓜ng c栄a 逸e"sw{"8逢嬰e"n逢w"n衣k"vt‒p"vj飲

nh噂 oketqUF"ucw"sw "vt·pj"z穎 n#"f英 li羽w0"F pi"u衣c/x違 e„"vj吋 8k隠u ch雨pj"8逢嬰c

J·pj""3.7 B瓜 n逢w"f英 li羽u

3.4.2 V pj"vq p"vj»pi"u嘘"d瓜"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"UQE""

Gi違 s穎 r茨pi"vq p"f違k"UQE"8逢嬰e"ejkc"n o"32"rj亥n b茨pi"pjcw."e e"rj亥p"p {"e„"

e e"8欝 th鵜 s衣c/x違 8逢嬰c tuy院p"v pj"j„c"v衣k"f pi"8k羽n h茨ng qua 逸c quy b茨pi"E132"8逢嬰c

11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5

discharging

BＶng 3.1 Ak羽n tr荏 n瓜i 逸e"sw{"vjgq"sw "vt·pj"vj "pijk羽m v噂k"f pi"E1320

J·pj""3.9 A員c tuy院n OCV-SOC th詠c nghi羽m

Vj "pijk羽o"u挨"d瓜 cho th医y r茨ng thu壱v"vq p"8隠 xu医v"e„"vj吋 8逢c"tc"e e"ik "vt鵜 逢噂e"n逢嬰ng t嘘t, v噂i sai s嘘 荏 tr衣pi"vj k"鰻p"8鵜nh trong kho違pi"4'."pj逢"j·pj"320

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 11.4

11.6 11.8 12 12.2 12.4 12.6 12.8 13

J·pj""3.10 Th詠c nghi羽o"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng SOC 荏 sw "vt·pj"z違

E„"o瓜v"x k"ick"vt‒p"8逢運pi"逢噂e"n逢嬰ng trong kho違ng th運k"ikcp"vjq pi"swc"mjk"

t違k"8逢嬰c b壱t tr荏 l衣i, do thi院u b瓜 l丑e"vtqpi"sw{"vt·pj"逢噂e"n逢嬰pi"8逢嬰e"8隠 xu医v."pj逢"v逢挨pi" v詠 pj逢" vtqpi" rj逢挨pi" rj r" d瓜 l丑c Kalman m荏 r瓜ng, ho員e" swcp" u v" ej院 8瓜 vt逢嬰v0"Vw{"pjk‒p."8¤{"mj»ng ph違k"n "o瓜t v医p"8隠 quan tr丑ng, b荏k"x·"f pi"ej違{"p<pi"n逢嬰ng 鰻p"8鵜nh trong h羽 th嘘pi"8k羽p"RX"n "vj医p, v噂k"f pi"8k羽n qua t違i g亥p"pj逢"mj»pi"8鰻i trong m瓜t th運i gian r医v"f k."pj逢"v衣k"e e"vt衣o"8q0"J挨p"p英a, m瓜t b瓜 l丑e"vtwpi"d·pj"e„"vj吋 d宇 f pi"vj詠c hi羽n trong qu "vt·pj"v pj"vq p"e栄a b瓜 8k隠u khi吋p"8吋 n o"ik違m

8 pi"m吋 e e"uck"u嘘 逢噂e"n逢嬰ng trong kho違ng th運k"ikcp"vjq pi"swc"t医t ng逸n

Ta ti院p" j pj" o瓜v" vj " pijk羽o" mj e" 8«" 8逢嬰c th詠c hi羽p" vjgq" e e" 8k隠u ki羽n v逢挨pi"v詠 pj逢"o»"v違 vt‒p."pj逢pi"m院t h嬰r"vj‒o"d瓜 l丑c c穎a s鰻 vt逢嬰t vtwpi"d·pj":"8k吋m 8逢嬰c th詠c hi羽p"vtqpi" xk"8k隠u khi吋p0"E„"vj吋 th医{"vtqpi"j·pj"5033." UQE"8逢嬰e"逢噂c n逢嬰pi"e„"ik "vt鵜 r医t g亥n v噂k"8逢運ng cong tham chi院u

J·pj""3.11 B瓜 逢噂e"n逢嬰ng c違i ti院p"vtqpi"sw "vt·pj"z違

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Th 運 i gian (gi 運 )