Tài liệu Oracle RMAN 11g Backup and Recovery- P1 pdf

Contents at a GlancePART I Getting Started with RMAN in Oracle Database 11g 1 Oracle Database 11g Backup and Recovery Architecture Tour.. 265 PART III Using RMAN Effectively 13 Using Ora

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Oracle RMAN 11g

Backup and Recovery

Robert G Freeman Matthew Hart

New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto

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Copyright © 2010 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc (Publisher) All rights reserved Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher.

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This book is dedicated to all the people who make my life great My kids,

my wife, my cat, my father, my friends, co-workers past and present.

—Robert

This book is dedicated to the team of professionals around the globe that

I have the privilege of working with every day.

—Matthew

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About the Authors

Robert G Freeman has been an Oracle DBA for so long he can’t remember now when he

actually entered SQL*Plus for the first time In his spare time (what’s that?) Robert flies airplanes and loves to ride trains Robert has written a number of books, including previous titles for Oracle

Press on Oracle Database 11g New Features.

Matthew Hart is the coauthor of six books for Oracle Press, most recently Oracle 10g High

Availability with RAC, Flashback, and DataGuard, Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Handbook,

and the tome you now hold in your hands He has worked with high availability technologies

in Oracle since version 7.3, and has worked with RMAN since its inception Matthew currently works and lives in Kansas City, Missouri

About the Contributors

Emre Baransel received his B.S degree from Istanbul University in Electric and Electronic

Engineering He started his career in information technology and became an Oracle addict He worked for Turkey’s leading Telco and GSM operators as an Oracle DBA His special focus is on grid technologies, disaster recovery, and security He writes articles on his Oracle blog and also supervises a web page that publishes Oracle-related writings in Turkish He’s an OCP (Oracle Certified Professional) and CCNP (Cisco Certified Network Professional)

Scott Black has worked in information technology for over ten years, mostly in the e-commerce,

and healthcare industries His main areas of focus were networking and server administration when he started his career, and he has spent the last six years in database administration focusing

on Oracle and SQL Server With Oracle, his main interests are large-scale database performance tuning, RAC, and enterprise management of large numbers of databases

Alan Bort started working as first-line support for Oracle customers before the support model

switched to web-based Oracle support In the beginning, his area of interest was Linux System Administration, Oracle Database, and Oracle Applications, but later focused only on Oracle Database with a special interest in large-scale high availability and disaster recovery scenarios

He currently works for IBM’s Service Delivery structure for several companies and has worked

on several projects to overhaul their Disaster Recovery capabilities

Jeremiah Wilton has over fifteen years of Oracle administration and architecture experience

As Amazon.com’s first DBA, he helped lead Amazon.com’s database group from pre-IPO times through the years of exponential growth He now directs education and emergency support services for Blue Gecko, a leader in remote database administration and managed hosting for Oracle, Oracle Applications, and MySQL Jeremiah is a recognized expert in scalability, high availability, stability, and complex recoveries He also teaches the Oracle Certificate Program at the University of Washington and independent seminars on a variety of Oracle subjects In 2001

at Oracle Openworld, Oracle Education honored Jeremiah as one of the first eight Oracle Certified Masters in the world Jeremiah is a member of the Oak Table and has presented at numerous conferences including Oracle Openworld, Collaborate, and UKOUG He is the author of a variety of technical whitepapers and articles available at www.bluegecko.net

Alisher Yuldashev has been an Oracle DBA for more than twelve years Currently, he is a Senior

Oracle DBA at The Pythian Group, a global industry leader in remote database administration services and consulting for Oracle and Oracle Applications Alisher is an Oracle Certified Professional DBA and is responsible for all aspects of database administration for Pythian’s wide range of multinational clients, from migrations and performance tuning to disaster recovery, and data warehousing Alisher lives in Ottawa, Canada, with his wife, Anna, and their child, Rihanna

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When he is not working with Oracle, he spends his time with his wonderful family, and enjoys snowboarding the Canadian mountains and reading books.

About the Technical Editor

Matt Arrocha started in the computer industry as a hardware technician He spent 5 years at

NASA in Florida repairing hardware for all manned and unmanned space flight He worked for

2 years with Seagate in their tape backup division (previously Conner/Maynard) He has been with Oracle now since 1996 and has been working with Recovery Manager since its release in Oracle Database 8.0.3 He is currently the Advanced Resolution Lead for Backup & Recovery

in the United States and Canada and the RMAN Global Technical Lead

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Contents at a Glance

PART I

Getting Started with RMAN in Oracle Database 11g

1 Oracle Database 11g Backup and Recovery Architecture Tour 3

2 Introduction to the RMAN Architecture 33

PART II Setup Principles and Practices 3 RMAN Setup and Configuration 61

4 Media Management Considerations 101

5 Oracle Secure Backup 113

6 Backing Up to Amazon Web Services Using the Oracle Secure Backup Cloud Module 143

7 Enhancing RMAN with VERITAS NetBackup TMfor Oracle 153

8 Configuring HP Data Protector for Oracle 173

9 RMAN and Tivoli Storage Manager 189

10 Using the Recovery Catalog 207

11 RMAN Backups 225

12 RMAN Restore and Recovery 265

PART III Using RMAN Effectively 13 Using Oracle Enterprise Manager for Backup and Recovery 307

14 RMAN Advanced Recovery Topics 345

15 Surviving User Errors: Flashback Technologies 377

16 Maintaining RMAN 399

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viii Oracle RMAN 11g Backup and Recovery

17 Monitoring and Reporting on RMAN 423

18 Performance Tuning RMAN Backup and Recovery Operations 445

PART IV RMAN in the Oracle Ecosystem 19 Duplication: Cloning the Target Database 465

20 RMAN and Data Guard 491

21 RMAN and Real Application Clusters 501

22 RMAN in Sync and Split Technology 517

23 RMAN in the Workplace: Case Studies 531

PART V Appendixes A RMAN Syntax Reference Guide 559

B RMAN Scripting Examples 621

C Setting Up an RMAN Test Environment 625

Index 633

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Acknowledgments xxiii

Introduction xxv

PART I Getting Started with RMAN in Oracle Database 11g 1 Oracle Database 11g Backup and Recovery Architecture Tour 3

Backup and Recovery Essentials 5

High Availability 5

Backup and Recovery 5

A Few Oracle Terms to Know 7

Controlling the Database Software 10

Oracle Architecture 11

The Oracle Processes 11

Oracle Memory and RMAN 13

The Oracle Database 14

More About the Oracle Redo Logs 16

ARCHIVELOG Mode vs NOARCHIVELOG Mode 20

Oracle Logical Structures 21

The Combined Picture 21

Startup and Shutdown of the Database 21

Using the Database and Internals 23

Oracle Backup and Recovery Primer 26

Logical Backup and Recovery 26

Oracle Physical Backup and Recovery 26

Backing Up Other Oracle Components 31

Summary 32

2 Introduction to the RMAN Architecture 33

Server-Managed Recovery 34

The RMAN Utility 34

RMAN and Database Privileges 35

The Network Topology of RMAN Backups 36

Running RMAN Remotely 36

Running RMAN Locally from the Target Database’s ORACLE_HOME 37

The Database Control File 39

Record Reuse in the Control File 39

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x Oracle RMAN 11g Backup and Recovery

The Snapshot Control File 40

The RMAN Server Processes 42

RMAN Channel Processes 42

The SYS Packages Used by RMAN 43

SYS.DBMS_RCVMAN 43

SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE 43

Backing Up the Data Block 44

The Data Block Backup Overview 44

The Benefits of Block-Level Backups 45

RMAN in Memory 47

Input Memory Buffers 48

RMAN Memory Utilization: PGA vs SGA 49

The Recovery Catalog 50

The Auxiliary Database 51

Compatibility Issues 53

The Target and the RMAN Executable 53

The Catalog Database and Catalog Schema 53

The Auxiliary Database 54

The RMAN Process: From Start to Finish 54

The Flash Recovery Area 56

Summary 57

PART II Setup Principles and Practices 3 RMAN Setup and Configuration 61

Configuring Your Database to Run in ARCHIVELOG Mode 62

ARCHIVELOG Destination Directories 62

The Flash Recovery Area 64

Should You Use the FRA? 71

Switching Between ARCHIVELOG Modes 71

If You Created Your Database with the Oracle Database Configuration Assistant 71

RMAN Workshop: Put the Database in ARCHIVELOG Mode 72

The Oracle Database 11g Fault Diagnosability Infrastructure 73

The RMAN Command Line 76

Connecting via the RMAN Command Line 76

RMAN Client Compatibility 79

Using the RMAN connect Command 79

Exiting the RMAN Client 80

Configuring the Database for RMAN Operations 80

Setting Up the Database User 80

RMAN Workshop: Create the Target Database RMAN Backup Account 80

Setting Up Database Security 81

Setting the CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME Parameter 82

Configuring RMAN Default Settings 83

Introducing the configure Command 83

Configuring Various RMAN Default Settings 84

Examples of Using the configure Command 85

If You Are Using Shared Servers 97

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Contents xi

Summary of RMAN Configuration Tasks 98

Other Backup and Recovery Setup and Configuration Considerations 99

Summary 99

4 Media Management Considerations 101

Tape Backups in a Disk Backup World 102

RMAN and the Media Manager: An Overview 103

The Media Manager Catalog 103

The Media Manager: Other Software Components 104

Media Management Library 105

RMAN Workshop: Test Tape Channels with the Oracle Default SBT Interface 105

Interfacing with the MML 107

The SBT API 107

Back Up to Tape: From Start to Finish 108

Restore from Tape: From Start to Finish 109

Using sbttest and loadsbt.exe 109

Media Management Errors 110

Summary 111

5 Oracle Secure Backup 113

Features of Oracle Secure Backup 114

Oracle Secure Backup and Recovery Manager 115

Differences Between OSB and OSB Express 115

Backup Encryption 115

Fast Database Backup Compression 116

Oracle Secure Backup Cloud Module 116

Oracle Secure Backup Interfaces 116

Oracle Secure Backup Components 117

Oracle Secure Backup Daemons 119

Host Access Modes 119

Administrative Data 119

Oracle Secure Backup Users and Classes 120

Operating System Accounts 120

NDMP Hosts 121

Oracle Secure Backup Rights and Classes 121

Installing and Configuring Oracle Secure Backup 122

RMAN Workshop: Install and Configure Oracle Secure Backup 123

Oracle Database and File System Data Backup Using Oracle Secure Backup 133

RMAN Workshop: Schedule Oracle Database and File System Data Backups 133

Oracle Database Backup Using Oracle Secure Backup Cloud Module 138

RMAN Workshop: Installing OSB Cloud Module and Using It for OSB Backups 138

Summary 141

6 Backing Up to Amazon Web Services Using the Oracle Secure Backup Cloud Module 143

Conventional Backups: Assumptions and Limitations 144

The Oracle Secure Backup Cloud Module 144

What Is Cloud Computing? 144

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xii Oracle RMAN 11g Backup and Recovery

Oracle and the Amazon Cloud 145

Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Elastic Block Store (EBS) 145

Simple Storage Service (S3)—Oracle’s Cloud Backup Solution 145

RMAN Backup to S3: The Oracle Secure Backup Cloud Module 145

S3 Backup over the Internet or from Amazon EC2 145

Oracle Cloud Backup Advantages 146

RMAN Workshop: Deploying RMAN Backups to Amazon S3 146

Performing Backups by Using the OSB Cloud Module 148

Listing RMAN Backups and Backup Sets Stored on S3 150

Optimizing Backups and Recoveries over the Internet Using the OSB Cloud Module and Amazon S3 150

Licensing Considerations 152

Summary 152

7 Enhancing RMAN with VERITAS NetBackup TMfor Oracle 153

Key Features 154

Necessary Components 155

Storage/Media Device Configuration 155

NetBackup Installation 155

Pre-Installation Tasks for NetBackup for Oracle Agent 156

NetBackup for Oracle Agent Installation Steps 157

How to Link Oracle to NetBackup Media Manager 157

Automatic Link Method 158

Manual Link Method 158

Architecture 159

Configuring NetBackup Policies 160

Adding New Policies 160

Defining Schedules 163

Defining a Backup Selection 165

Defining Policy Clients 166

Managing Expired Backup Images 167

Delete Expired Backups Using NetBackup Repository 167

Delete Expired Backups Using RMAN 167

RMAN Sample Scripts 168

Troubleshooting 169

Use NetBackup Logs 169

Determine Which Library Is in Use 170

Security Best Practices 170

Cost Justification 171

Summary 171

8 Configuring HP Data Protector for Oracle 173

Integration of Oracle and Data Protector 174

Support Matrix 174

Integration Components 174

RMAN Workshop: Integration Configuration 176

RMAN Backup Configuration on Data Protector 179

RMAN Workshop: Backup Configuration 179

Editing the Oracle RMAN Script 184

RMAN Backup 184

Backup Methods 184

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Contents xiii

Backup Procedure 185

Restoring Oracle Using the Data Protector GUI 185

Restoring the Control File 186

Restoring Oracle Database Objects 186

Oracle RMAN Metadata and Data Protector Media Management Database Synchronization 187

Summary 187

9 RMAN and Tivoli Storage Manager 189

Overview of Tivoli Storage Manager 190

TSM Server System Objects 190

TSM Client 193

TSM Administration Center and Web Client 194

RMAN Workshop: Configuring TDPO for Oracle 194

Performing an RMAN Backup Using TDPO 199

Deleting Database Backups 204

Troubleshooting Common Backup Scenarios 204

Additional Troubleshooting 206

Summary 206

10 Using the Recovery Catalog 207

What Is the Recovery Catalog? 208

Creating the Recovery Catalog 209

RMAN Workshop: Create the Recovery Catalog User Account 210

RMAN Workshop: Create the Recovery Catalog 211

RMAN Workshop: Register Your Database in the Recovery Catalog 211

Utilizing a Virtual Private Catalog 213

RMAN Workshop: Create a Virtual Private Catalog 213

Merging Multiple Recovery Catalogs 214

RMAN Workshop: Merge Two Recovery Catalogs 214

Recovery Catalog Maintenance 214

Unregistering a Database in RMAN 215

Database Migration/Upgrade Issues 215

Manually Resetting the Database Incarnation (reset catalog) 215

Manually Resynchronizing the Recovery Catalog (resync catalog) 216

Purging Recovery Catalog Records 216

Backing Up the Recovery Catalog 216

Recovery Catalog Views 217

RC_ARCHIVED_LOG (V$ARCHIVED_LOG) 217

RC_BACKUP_CONTROLFILE (V$BACKUP_DATAFILE) 218

RC_BACKUP_CORRUPTION (V$BACKUP_CORRUPTION) 218

RC_BACKUP_DATAFILE (V$BACKUP_DATAFILE) 218

RC_BACKUP_FILES (V$BACKUP_FILES) 218

RC_BACKUP_PIECE (V$BACKUP_PIECE) 219

RC_BACKUP_REDOLOG (V$BACKUP_REDOLOG) 219

RC_BACKUP_SET (V$BACKUP_SET) 219

RC_BACKUP_SPFILE (V$BACKUP_SPFILE) 219

RC_CONTROLFILE_COPY (V$DATAFILE_COPY) 219

RC_COPY_CORRUPTION (V$COPY_CORRUPTION) 219

RC_DATABASE (V$DATABASE) 220

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xiv Oracle RMAN 11g Backup and Recovery

RC_DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION

(V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION) 220

DATABASE_INCARNATION (V$DATABASE_INCARNATION) 220

RC_DATAFILE (V$DATAFILE) 220

RC_DATAFILE_COPY (V$DATAFILE_COPY) 220

RC_LOG_HISTORY (V$LOG_HISTORY) 221

RC_OFFLINE_RANGE (V$OFFLINE_RANGE) 221

RC_REDO_LOG (V$LOG, V$LOGFILE) 221

RC_REDO_THREAD (V$THREAD) 221

RC_RESYNC 221

RC_RMAN_CONFIGURATION (V$RMAN_CONFIGURATION) 221

RC_TABLESPACE (V$TABLESPACE) 222

RC_TEMPFILE (V$TEMPFILE) 222

Catalog Views Intended for Use by Oracle Enterprise Manager 222

11 RMAN Backups 225

Benefits of RMAN Backups vs Scripted Backups 226

RMAN Compatibility Issues 227

Monitoring RMAN Backup Status 228

Offline RMAN Database Backups 229

Offline Backups Using Default Settings 229

RMAN Workshop: Do an Offline Backup 230

Offline Backups Without Using Configured Defaults 232

Backup Command Options 236

Multisection Backups 236

Compression 236

Tags and Restore Points 238

Limiting Backup Impacts 238

Limiting the Size of a Backup Set 239

Backing Up to a Specific Device Type 240

Modifying the Retention Policy for a Backup Set 240

Archive Log Deletion Policies 242

Overriding the configure exclude Command 243

Checking the Database for Errors with the backup Command 243

Skipping Offline, Inaccessible, or Read-Only Datafiles 243

Forcing a Backup of Read-Only Datafiles 244

Backing Up Datafiles Based on Their Last Backup Time 244

Making Copies of Backups on Your RMAN Copier 245

Capturing the Elusive Control File 246

Introducing the set Command 246

Online RMAN Database Backups 247

Online Database Backups 247

RMAN Workshop: Do an Online Backup 248

Tablespace Backups 249

Datafile Backups 250

Archived Redo Log Backups 250

Control File and Parameter File Backups 251

Backup Set Backups 252

Flash Recovery Area Backups 253

Copies 253

Introducing Image Copies 253

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Contents xv

Database, Tablespace, and Datafile Image Copies 253

Control File Copies 254

ARCHIVELOG Image Copies 255

Incremental RMAN Backups 255

The Block Change Tracking File 255

The Base Backup 256

Differential vs Cumulative Incremental Backups 257

RMAN Workshop: Do an Incremental Backup 260

Getting Started 261

RMAN Workshop: Get Your Database Backed Up! 261

Summary 264

12 RMAN Restore and Recovery 265

RMAN Restore and Recovery Basics 266

Before You Can Restore the Database 267

Before RMAN Can Get Going 267

A Note about Recoveries, the Recovery Catalog, and the MML Layer 268

Restoring the SPFILE 269

Restoring the Control File 273

Recovering the Control File from an Autobackup Using RMAN and the FRA 274

RMAN Workshop: Recover Your Control File 279

The restore and recover Commands 280

The restore Command 280

The recover Command 281

Restore and Recover the Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode 281

Preparing for the Restore 281

Restoring to a Different Location 283

RMAN Workshop: Recover Your NOARCHIVELOG Mode Database 286

Database Recoveries in ARCHIVELOG Mode 287

Point-of-Failure Database Recoveries 287

RMAN Workshop: Complete Recovery of Your ARCHIVELOG Mode Database 290

Tablespace Recoveries 291

Datafile Recoveries 292

What If I Use Incremental Backups? 293

Recovering from Online Redo Log Loss 293

Loss of an Inactive Online Redo Log Group Member 294

Loss of an Inactive Online Redo Log Group 295

Loss of an Active but Not Current Online Redo Log Group 296

Loss of the Current Online Redo Log Group 296

The Data Recovery Advisor 297

Using the Data Recovery Advisor Through RMAN 297

Summary 303

PART III Using RMAN Effectively 13 Using Oracle Enterprise Manager for Backup and Recovery 307

Oracle Enterprise Manager: The New Paradigm 308

Grid Control 311

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xvi Oracle RMAN 11g Backup and Recovery

The Grid Control Architecture 312

Installing and Configuring Grid Control 313

Database Control 313

The Database Control Architecture 313

Installing and Configuring Database Control 315

Using Enterprise Manager Configuration Assistant to Configure Database Control 316

RMAN Workshop: Configure Database Control Using emca 316

Configuring Backup Settings in Enterprise Manager 318

Device Configuration 319

Backup Set Configuration 319

Policy Settings 320

What Is Missing from OEM’s Backup Configuration? 321

RMAN Workshop: Configure Backup Settings in OEM 321

Configuring Recovery Settings 322

Instance Recovery 322

Media Recovery 323

Flash Recovery 323

RMAN Workshop: Configure Recovery Settings in OEM 325

Configuring Recovery Catalogs in OEM 325

RMAN Workshop: Register the Recovery Catalog with OEM 326

Related Links for Recovery Catalog Settings 327

Database Backups from Enterprise Manager 327

Oracle-Suggested Backup Strategy 327

Scheduling a Customized Backup 330

RMAN Script Job vs Scheduled Backup Wizard 331

RMAN Workshop: Create an RMAN Script Job in OEM 332

Performing Recovery in Enterprise Manager 334

Data Recovery Advisor and the OEM Checkers 335

User Directed Recovery 339

RMAN Workshop: Perform Database Recovery from OEM 340

Backup Management and Reporting 341

Managing Current Backups 342

Managing Restore Points 342

Creating Backup Reports 343

Database Cloning from Enterprise Manager 343

Summary 344

14 RMAN Advanced Recovery Topics 345

Incomplete Recoveries 346

Using the resetlogs Command 347

Establishing a Point to Recover To 347

Time-Based Recovery 348

SCN-Based Recovery 348

Log Sequence–Based Recovery 349

Cancel-Based Recovery 349

Recovery Using Restore Points 349

Other RMAN Recovery Topics 350

Read-Only Tablespace Recovery Considerations 350

Archived Redo Log Restores 350

Datafile Copy Restores 350

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Contents xvii

Recovering Corrupted Data Blocks 351Recovering to a Previous Incarnation 353Tablespace Point-In-Time Recovery 356Performing Automated TSPITR 357Manual TSPITR 360TSPITR Restrictions 366Verifying Your Backups Are Recoverable 366The restore preview Command 367Restoring with the validate and check logical Commands 369Using the validate backupset Command 370Call the Movers! Cross-Platform Database Movement and RMAN 371Introduction to Cross-Platform Transportable Tablespaces 372Byte Ordering and Datafile Conversion 372

We Like to Move It! Move It! 373Sometimes Things Just Go Wrong 374Summary 376

15 Surviving User Errors: Flashback Technologies 377

Prepared for the Inevitable: Flashback Technology 378Flashback Query 379Flashback and the Undo Segment: A Love Story 379Performing Flashback Query 380Flashback Versions Query with Oracle Enterprise Manager 380

RMAN Workshop: Explore Flashback Versions Query 381

Flashback Table 384Performing the Flashback Table Operation from SQL 384Flashback Table with Oracle Enterprise Manager 385

RMAN Workshop: Explore Flashback Table 385

Flashback Transaction 387

RMAN Workshop: Utilize Flashback Transaction from Enterprise Manager 388

Flashback Drop 389The Recycle Bin 389

RMAN Workshop: Explore Flashback Drop and the Recycle Bin 391

Flashback Database 393Flashback Logs 393Flashback Retention Target 394

RMAN Workshop: Configure for Flashback Database 394

Flashback Database: Tuning and Tweaking 395

RMAN Workshop: Perform Flashback Database 396

Flashback Data Archive (Total Recall) 397

RMAN Workshop: Create a Flashback Data Archive 398

Summary 398

16 Maintaining RMAN 399

RMAN Maintenance 400Cross-Checking RMAN Backups 400

RMAN Workshop: Using the crosscheck Command 402

Validation of RMAN Backups 404Backup Retention Policies 405The change Command 408

RMAN Workshop: Using the change Command 414

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xviii Oracle RMAN 11g Backup and Recovery

The delete Command 416

RMAN Workshop: Using the delete Command 417

Cataloging Other Backups in RMAN 417RMAN Stored Scripts 418Creating Stored Scripts 419Querying the Recovery Catalog for Stored Script Information 419Changing Stored Scripts 419Deleting Stored Scripts 419Using Stored Scripts 420Printing Stored Scripts 420

RMAN Workshop: Using RMAN Stored Scripts 420

When You Just Can’t Take It Anymore 421Summary 421

17 Monitoring and Reporting on RMAN 423

The RMAN list Command 424Listing Incarnations 424Listing Backups 425Listing Image Copies 435The RMAN report Command 438Reporting on Datafiles That Have Not Been Backed Up Recently 438Reporting on Backup Redundancy or Recovery Window 439Reporting on Unrecoverable Operations on Datafiles 439Reporting on the Database Schema 440Reporting on Obsolete Backups 440Data Dictionary Views for Reporting 441Summary 443

18 Performance Tuning RMAN Backup and Recovery Operations 445

Before You Tune RMAN 446RMAN Performance: What Can Be Achieved? 446Have the Right Hardware in Place 447Tune the Database 448Tuning RMAN 451Tuning RMAN Settings 451Tune the MML Layer 454Identifying Database–Related RMAN Issues 454Tracing RMAN Sessions 460Summary 462

PART IV

RMAN in the Oracle Ecosystem

19 Duplication: Cloning the Target Database 465

RMAN Duplication: A Primer 466Why Use RMAN Duplication? 466Different Types of RMAN Duplication 468The Duplication Architecture 468Duplication: Location Considerations 474Duplication to the Same Server: An Overview 474Duplication to the Same Server, Different ORACLE_HOME 475

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Contents xix

Duplication to a Remote Server: An Overview 475Duplication and the Network 479

RMAN Workshop: Build a Password File 479

Duplication to the Same Server 481

RMAN Workshop: Duplication to the Same Server, Using Disk Backups 482

Using Tape Backups 484Duplication to a Remote Server 484

RMAN Workshop: Duplication to a Remote Server, Using Disk Backups 485

Using Tape Backups for Remote Server Duplication 487

Target-Less Duplication in 11g 487Incomplete Duplication: Using the DBNEWID Utility 488Summary 489

20 RMAN and Data Guard 491

RMAN and the Standby Database 492Requirements for Using RMAN for Standby Database Creation 493The duplicate…for standby Command 494

RMAN Workshop: Create a Standby Database Using RMAN 495

Taking Backups from the Standby Database 498Datafile Backups from the Standby Database 499Archive Log Backups from the Standby Database 499Using Flashback Database for Standby Database Reinstantiation 500Summary 500

21 RMAN and Real Application Clusters 501

Real Application Clusters: Unique Backup Challenges 502Datafile Backups 503Archive Log Backups 504RAC Recovery Challenges 507Restore Operations 507Media Management Considerations During a Restore 508Recovery Considerations After a Restore 508Advanced RMAN/RAC Topics 509Duplication to a Single-Node System 509

RMAN Workshop: Duplicating a RAC Database to a Single-Node Database 510

The Single-Node Standby Database 512

RMAN Workshop: Creating a Single-Node Standby Database from

a RAC Database 512

Backing Up the Multinode RAC Database 515Summary 516

22 RMAN in Sync and Split Technology 517

Sync and Split: Broken Mirror Backups 518Oracle Databases on Sync and Split Volumes 520Datafiles 521Control Files 522Redo Log Files 522Archive Logs 522Benefits of the Split Mirror Backup 523Fast Point-In-Time Recovery 523Speedy-Looking Backups 523

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xx Oracle RMAN 11g Backup and Recovery

Mounting a Split Mirror Volume on Another Server 523Taking Backups from the Split Mirror 524RMAN and Sync and Split 524Registering Split Mirror Copies with RMAN 524Taking RMAN Backups from the Split Mirror 525

RMAN Workshop: Configure RMAN to Back Up from the Split Mirror 526

Getting Sync and Split Functionality from Oracle Software 527Using a Standby Database, Flashback Database, and Incremental

Apply for Sync and Split 527Benefits of the Oracle Sync and Split Solution 528Oracle-Integrated Shadow Copy Services for Windows 529Summary 529

23 RMAN in the Workplace: Case Studies 531

Before the Recovery 532What Is the Exact Nature of the Failure? 532What Recovery Options Are Available? 533Might Oracle Support Be Needed? 533Who Can Act as a Second Pair of Eyes During Recovery? 533Recovery Case Studies 533Case #1: Recovering from Complete Database Loss (NOARCHIVELOG Mode) with a Recovery Catalog 534Case #2: Recovering from Complete Database Loss (NOARCHIVELOG Mode) Without a Recovery Catalog 536Case #3: Recovering from Complete Database Loss (ARCHIVELOG Mode)

Without a Recovery Catalog 537Case #4: Recovering from Complete Database Loss (ARCHIVELOG Mode)

with a Recovery Catalog 540Case #5: Recovering from the Loss of the SYSTEM Tablespace 542Case #6: Recovering Online from the Loss of a Datafile or Tablespace 543Case #7: Recovering from Loss of an Unarchived Online Redo Log 544Case #8: Recovering Through resetlogs 545Case #9: Completing a Failed Duplication Manually 547Case #10: Using RMAN Duplication to Create a Historical Subset

of the Target Database 548Case #11: Recovering from a Lost Datafile (ARCHIVELOG Mode) Using

an Image Copy in the Flash Recovery Area 550Case #12: Recovering from Running the Production Datafile Out of the

Flash Recovery Area 552Case #13: Using Flashback Database and Media Recovery to Pinpoint

the Exact Moment to Open the Database with resetlogs 553Summary 555

PART V

Appendixes

A RMAN Syntax Reference Guide 559

RMAN Reserved Words 560RMAN Command List 562RMAN Specifier and Operands Lists 563

Tiêu đề	Oracle rman 11g backup and recovery
Tác giả	Robert G. Freeman, Matthew Hart
Trường học	The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Thể loại	sách
Năm xuất bản	2010
Thành phố	New York

Định dạng
Số trang	50
Dung lượng	3,07 MB