Investment Guarantees the new science phần 3 ppt

... occurred because after the appropriate case statement is matched to the switch variable, the switch structure continues processing each case statement thereafter. 72 C Programming for the ... 'a' ) Checking for a Range of Values Checking for a range of values is a common programming practice for input validation. You can use compound conditions and relati...

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 09:45

... for Segregated Fund Guarantees 13 4 Pricing by Deduction from the Separate Account 14 2 The Unhedged Liability 14 3 Examples 15 1 Introduction 15 7 The Quantile Risk Measure 15 9 The Conditional Tail ... Black-Scholes-Merton Assumptions 12 3 The Black-Scholes-Merton Results 12 4 The European Put Option 12 6 The European Call Option 12 8 Put-Call Parity 12 8 Dividend...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... ΃΃ ϪϪ ϪϪ ϪϪ Ϫ ␮␮␴␴ ␮␮ ␴␴ ␮ ␴ ␮␴ ␮␮␴␴ MODELING LONG-TERM STOCK RETURNS 0 2 22 12 12 22 22 2 12 2 12 2 22 22 2 21 2 21 2 0 Thenwemaysimulatefuturevaluesforstockreturnsforanyperiod[ r, – 1 r ) GENERALSTOCHASTICVOLATILITYMODELS 38 ʦʦ / סס ס ס ס = = = = + ... ProbabilityFunctionsfor 34 S = = ס םס םס םס ססס םם סססםסס = סם סם , . pp. pp. pp. pp . pppp prRrRr. R nS nS SRR,RRRnR. RRnR....

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... 10 = ם K S $1000atmaturity,evenifthemarketvalueofherorhisportfoliois lessthan$1000atthattime.Itistheresponsibilityoftheinsurertopay ),theexcessoftheguaranteedamountoverthemarketvalue oftheassets,meaningthattheinsurerpaysthepayoffunderaputoption. Therefore,thetotalsegregatedfundpolicybenefitismadeupofthe policyholder’sfundplusthepayofffromaputoptiononthefund.From put-callparityweknowthatthesame...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... 933.8 9 24. 4 930.8 10 AR-ARCH 4 935.0 922.5 931.0 10 STABLE 4 945 .2 932.7 941 .2 0.0003 GARCH 4 939.1 926.6 935.1 10 AR-GARCH 5 939.1 923 .4 9 34. 1 10 RSLN-2 6 953 .4 947 .4 RSAR-2 8 953.8 928.7 945 .8 ... 885.7 879 .4 883.7 10 AR(1) 3 887 .4 878.0 8 84. 4 10 ARCH 3 889 .4 880.0 886 .4 10 AR-ARCH 4 889 .4 876.9 885 .4 10 STABLE 4 912.2 899.7 908.2 10 GARCH 4 896.2 883....

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.4 0 .5 949 950 950 951 951 951 951 951 951 951 951 952 952 952 952 952 952 952 952 Regime 2 SD Pr[1–>2] 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.2 0.3 0.4 0 .5 947 948 948 948 949 949 950 950 951 951 951 952 952 FIGURE ... 0.040 0.02 0.04 0.06 9309 35 9 35 940 940 9 45 9 45 9 45 9 45 9 45 950 950 950 950 950 950 950 Regime 2...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... 121.11 0.0505 1.2 06% 122. 26 158.99 36. 73 144–145 158.99 0. 066 2 1 .64 9% 155.98 158.99 3.01 145–1 46 155.98 0. 065 0 4. 362 % 162 .38 158.99 0 . . . 263 – 264 471.99 0.1 967 6. 755% 512 .61 158.99 0 GMAB Example tt ... 0 9–10 99.89 0.04 16 10.708% 110.31 80 0 10–11 110.31 0.0 460 6. 302% 103.40 80 0 . . . 23–24 148.47 0. 061 9 7.3 56% 158.99 80 0 24–25 158.99 0. 066 2 1.917% 161 .63...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... 37. 708 6.412 6.516 0.105 3 103.4 47 32. 577 39.209 6.632 6.842 0.210 4 101 .70 3 34.901 42.081 7. 180 7. 377 0.1 97 5 100.251 37. 081 44 .75 9 7. 679 7. 889 0.211 6 101 .78 4 36.104 43.203 7. 099 7. 336 0.2 37 7 ... 18 .71 4 1.903 2.106 0.202 13 119.696 17. 7 67 19 .71 8 1.951 2. 171 0.219 14 128.840 9.442 10.280 0.838 0.693 0.145 15 131.346 7. 209 7. 782 0. 573 0 .70 6 0.133 16...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... 0.93 0.11 0. 68 0.93 4 23.66 15 .81 6 .88 3.13 1.25 0.17 0.47 0.74 3 27.76 18. 34 7.99 3.64 1.53 0.29 0.33 0.60 2 31 .86 20 .88 9.11 4.15 1 .81 0.41 0.19 0.47 1 36.60 23.91 9.92 3. 58 0 .87 0.11 0.37 ... 11.33 7.15 2 .87 0.71 0.44 1.07 1.40 1. 58 8 13.16 8. 27 3.62 1. 18 0. 08 0 .83 1.21 1.41 7 15.25 9.95 4.45 1.75 0.26 0.61 1.05 1.26 6 17.35 11.63 5. 28 2.31 0.61 0.39 0 .89 1.11 5 20....

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... 17.06 Dynamic hedging 195 6– 199 9 1.75 2.36 3.28 197 9–2001 2.87 3.45 4.33 199 0–2001 2.36 2.76 3.54 Model Uncertainty Risk Management Data Period CTE CTE CTE p 90 % 95 % 99 % The reason for the difference ... 11.4 MODEL UNCERTAINTY 2 19 Stress testing; risk measures for 20-year GMAB contract, per $100 single premium. Actuarial 195 6– 199 9 5 .93 8.85 14.11 197 9–2001 7.85 11.03 1...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20

... mortality ignored. Then, using 100 ,000 simulations, the estimated value of the option before allowing for the control variate is $86.630; the estimated value of the ratcheted premium using the same simulations ... at renewal dates. The annual charge is 100 percent compounded continuously. At the renewal and maturity dates, if the fund has fallen below the previous renew...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 05:20