Applied Mathematics for Database Professionals phần 7 pot

... of a database; they enable you to extract infor- mation from a database that is relevant for you. • You can formally represent a query as a function over a database universe. For every database ... encounter? CHAPTER 10 ■ DATA MANIPULATION 2 37 7451CH10.qxd 5 /7/ 07 11:36 AM Page 2 37 Let’s start with a simple example using the database design that was introduced in C hapter...

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... AND FUNCTIONS 79 74 51CH04.qxd 5/4/ 07 2:43 PM Page 79 74 51CH04.qxd 5/4/ 07 2:43 PM Page 88 In this formula, D 1 , D 2 , , D n are known as the disjunction members—or just disjuncts for short. Each ... formal definition of a database state. We’ll often use a shorthand name for a given database state for convenience of reference in the text. Database Database is an informal...

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... such tables. Defin- ition 5-4 for mally defines this operator. CHAPTER 5 ■ TABLES AND DATABASE STATES 1 07 7451CH05.qxd 5/4/ 07 3: 57 PM Page 1 07 7451CH05.qxd 5/4/ 07 3: 57 PM Page 116 Shorthand Notation Writing ... T able 3-2 for this. ■Note The empty set is often used as the initial sta te for a given table structure. CHAPTER 5 ■ TABLES AND DATABASE STATES 95 74 51CH05.qx...

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... total of 26 (possible) database states. You might want to verify this for yourself. CHAPTER 7 ■ SPECIFYING DATABASE DESIGNS 170 74 51CH 07. qxd 5/15/ 07 9:43 AM Page 170 Listing 7- 26. Table Universe ... follo w , y ou ’ ll find the formal specification for each of these named constraints. CHAPTER 7 ■ SPECIFYING DATABASE DESIGNS 171 74 51CH 07. qxd 5/15/ 07 9:43 AM Page 17...

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... DATABASE DESIGNS 177 74 51CH 07. qxd 5/15/ 07 9:43 AM Page 177 Completing the Example Database Design Let’s now demonstrate all this by specifying state transition constraints for the example data- base ... rid of PTIJ13. Do y ou see ho w to change PTIJ15? CHAPTER 7 ■ SPECIFYING DATABASE DESIGNS184 74 51CH 07. qxd 5/15/ 07 9:43 AM Page 184 74 51CH08.qxd 5 /7/ 07 11:22 AM Pag...

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... first manager in department 20, therefore . . . , and so on. CHAPTER 11 ■ IMPLEMENTING DATABASE DESIGNS IN ORACLE 271 74 51CH11.qxd 5/15/ 07 2:26 PM Page 271 The SQL standard allows you to specify ... pl_dummy from DUAL CHAPTER 11 ■ IMPLEMENTING DATABASE DESIGNS IN ORACLE 270 74 51CH11.qxd 5/15/ 07 2:26 PM Page 270 In the relational model of data, all attributes in a database desi...

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... ■ FORMAL DEFINITION OF EXAMPLE DATABASE3 14 74 51AppA.qxd 5/15/ 07 9:45 AM Page 314 Formal Definition of Example Database In this appendix, we deliver the formal specification of the example database ... tab_SREP ) APPENDIX A ■ FORMAL DEFINITION OF EXAMPLE DATABASE3 24 74 51AppA.qxd 5/15/ 07 9:45 AM Page 324 74 51AppA.qxd 5/15/ 07 9:45 AM Page 310 The following three listings (A-...

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... completeness, 16, 62, 262 functions, 67 87, 305 domain/range of, 71 into sets, 72 limitations of, 76 operations on, 75 77 over sets, 70 subsets of, 74 symbols for, 333 G generalization predicates, ... EXERCISES352 74 51AppE.qxd 5/15/ 07 1:43 PM Page 352 database management system (DBMS), 93. See also SQL DBMS database predicates, 1 17 136, 306 patterns of, 1 27 136 sample...

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