A Complete Guide to Programming in C++ part 20 pdf

... can use available classes and functions to do so. In addi- tion, you can make use of inheritance to create specialized classes without needing to change any existing classes. When implementing ... the standard library. ᮀ Libraries You will not need to program each “building block” yourself. Many useful global func- tions and classes are available from the C++ standard library. In...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... &x and &y, are passed to it as argu- ments. The parameters p1 and p2 in swap() are thus declared as float pointers. The statement swap( &x, &y); initializes the pointers p1 and ... pointer to that object. Given that var is an int variable, Example: &var // Address of the object var is the address of the int object in memory and thus a pointer to var. A pointe...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... that is, objects, are used. In addition, structs and unions are introduced as examples of special classes. chapter 13 244 ■ CHAPTER 13 DEFINING CLASSES Real World A Car Abstraction Instantiation Class ... language element in C++ most important to the support object-oriented programming (OOP). A class defines the properties and capacities of an object. ᮀ Data Abstraction Humans u...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... procedural language like C, multiple data that belong together logically are put together to form a record. Extensive data such as the data for the articles in an auto- mobile manufacturer’s stocks ... keywords class and struct only vary with respect to data encapsulation; the default for access to members of a class defined as a struct is public. In contrast to a class de...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... defined inline in a class. OVERLOADING SUBSCRIPT OPERATORS ■ 427 ᮀ Subscript Operator The subscript operator [] is normally used to access a single array element. It is a binary operator and thus has ... declaration, which eliminates data encapsulation in certain cases. Imagine you need to write a global function that accesses the elements of a numerical array class. If you...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... Car. The PassCar class additionally contains the data members passCarType and sunRoof to represent a passenger vehicle with or without a sunroof. So a PassCar type object has a total of four data members. ... OF INHERITANCE Is relation Car Properties and capacities of class Car Properties and capacities of class Car Properties and capacities of class Car Additional properties and ca...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21

... 279 sample program, 278 Standard output, 59 Standard settings, 65 Star character, 233 State flags, 645, 647 Statements, 9 Static arrays, 325 Static binding, 551 Static data members, 304, 305 accessing, ... lifetime, 199, 203 Static member functions, 307 Static objects, 203 static storage class, 202 , 203 , 207 std standard namespace, 9, 209 Storage classes, 199 of functions, 206 S...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 17:21