Báo cáo khóa học: Nerve growth factor mediates activation of the Smad pathway in PC12 cells doc

... represents the limiting component of TGF-b1 signaling in PC12 cells. Smad2 phosphorylation wasanalysedinparentalPC12cellsandinstablePC1 2cells expressing TbRII-wt under the control of a doxycycline- inducible ... leads to activation of the Smad pathway independent of TGF-b. In contrast to TGF-b signaling, activation of Smad3 by nerve growth factor does...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 16:20

... because it stimulated the proliferation of epithelial cells [1]. In 1972, the amino acid sequence of the EGF was determined. The pres- ence of a specific binding site for EGF, the EGF recep- tor ... Upon binding its ligands, dynamic conformational changes occur in both extra- cellular and intracellular domains of the receptor tyrosine kinases, resulting in the tra...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... binding to the tyrosine kinase pocket of the receptor, thereby inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinase activity and EGFR signaling pathways (Fig. 1). Early clinical studies showed that a subset of ... markers that have the potential to improve the clinical effectiveness of EGFR- targeted therapies. This minireview summarizes the emerging role of molec- ular profiling in guiding...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... expression in a subset of human lung cancers To gain further insights into the role of miR-125a-5p in lung carcinogenesis and to examine the clinical rele- vance of our findings, we investigated the ... further determine the requirement for EGFR signaling in the expression of miRNA listed in Table 1, we blocked EGFR signaling with gefitinib. Gefitinib is an inhibitor o...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... examples of latent growth factors have already been reported. Insulin-like growth factors are inactive when bound to insulin-like growth factor- binding proteins. Transforming growth factor- b ... that single-chain HGF was inactive in the presence of serine protease inhibi- tors in a hepatocyte proliferation assay, whereas the two-chain form was active even in the pr...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 11:20

... multidomain inhibitor containing two Kunitz domains, of which only the N-terminal Kunitz domain-1 (KD1) inhibits enzymatic activity. In the structure of the KD1–HGFA complex, the inhibitor interacts ... predict, as in the case of the related aprotinin–prostasin complex, in which the 99-loop moves away from the substrate-binding cleft to accommodate the Kunitz-typ...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 11:20

... that thrombin interacts with PCI, depending on the length of PCI’s reactive center loop to align the heparin-bind- ing sites of the two proteins, suggesting that the cofac- tor activity of heparin depends ... the concentration of HGFA–PCI increased in a time-dependent manner. PCI also inhibits the HGFA-catalyzed activation of HGF precursor [26]. In the absence o...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:21

... understanding of the roles of HGFA in physiological and pathological settings. Synthesis and distribution of HGFA in vivo HGFA is secreted mainly by the liver, and circulates in the plasma as a single-chain ... signaling. Since the discovery of HGFA, only a limited num- ber of in vivo studies have been published describing the role of HGFA in physiological proc...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:21

... mechanical wound in the dorsal skin of mice and examined the in ltration of macro- phages by measuring the CD68 mRNA level. One day after injury, the levels of CD68 mRNA in the wounds of HGFA )/) mice ... proteinase(s) Macrophages Epithelial cells Tumour cells Endothelial cells Factor XIa Factor XIIa Fig. 7. Hypothetical model for the activation of pro-...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 23:20

... well-known class of DNA-binding domains occurring in a large family of transcription activators involved in the determination of cell development [1–3]. The tertiary structure of the HD of rat thyroid ... suggesting the occurrence of either a kinking or tightening of the local geometry. A similar discontinuity had been noted in solution also in the Antp HD [8...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20