tóm tắt luận án tiến sĩ tiếng anh vấn đề xã hội hóa sản xuất chương trình truyền hình ở việt nam hiện nay

2 Surveying, totaling up, analyzing real situations oftelevision program production socialization through analyzing the forms ofcooperative production and management for programs which a

1 Reasons for choosing the topic

Television program production socialization activity has been developinganimatedly in Vietnam However, there are still many inconsistent opinionsaround this activity Somebody said that: television program productionsocialization is a trend, a necessary work This is a chance for our television

to develop The others said: we should not socialize television because it iseasy to be controlled by egoistic interests and pure commercial purposes.While people are still debating about socialization, television has mademany great changes through socializing activity Television programproduction socialization is also causing many troubles to television station,partners and related units in many aspects: managing contents, structure ofhuman resources, planning development strategy, especially maintainingpropaganda orientation

From two aspects, argument and reality, television program productionsocialization makes requirements which need to be researched, solved inorder to improve the quality of Vietnam television, satisfy the demand forinformation, appreciation of viewers

With such reasons, we decided to choose the topic: “Socialization issue ofproducing television program in vietnam at present” for our PhD thesis

2 Researching purposes and tasks

2.1 Researching purposes

On the basis of researching, evaluating real situations, successes,restrictions of television program production socialization activity inVietnam, the thesis forecasts development trend and proposes solutions todeal with such activity reasonably, effectively in the near future

2.2 Researching tasks

In order to achieve above purposes, the thesis must perform followingtasks: (1) Clarifying the arguments on television program productionsocialization (2) Surveying, totaling up, analyzing real situations oftelevision program production socialization through analyzing the forms ofcooperative production and management for programs which arebroadcasted in Vietnam in recent time (3) From basic arguments,consulting the experiences on socialization activity from foreign countries,combining with real situations in Vietnam to forecast, point out the abilities

of developing television program production socialization activity inVietnam in the next time as well as the challenges (4) Proposing solutions

to deal with television program production socialization activityreasonably, effectively and suitably for the conditions in Vietnam

3 Researching objects and scope

- Researching object of the topic: television program productionsocialization activity and the methods of exploiting, managing such activity

- Surveying objects: (1) Television programs which are produced by forms

of socialization (2) Journalists, leaders, managers of television stations inVietnam, some individuals, organizations outside the station who are

participating in television programs production (3) Viewers – these are thepeople who receive and are directly affected by the programs produced byforms of socialization (4) However, in order to clarify the real situationsand give out theoretical basis, we will inherit the data researched frommany other resources.

- Surveying, researching scope: The thesis focuses on studying activitiesand programs which have been produced by forms of socialization in 12television stations throughout the country, such as: Vietnam Television,Vietnam Television Corporation, Ho Chi Minh Television, Hanoi Television,Quanh Ninh Television, Ha Giang Television, Nghe An Television, Da NangTelevision, Khanh Hoa Television, Vinh Long Television, Can ThoTelevision, Hau Giang Television and some other television stations inVietnam Such television stations are selected through the mechanism:central – local, region, organization These television stations wereestablished early and have been developing strongly in Vietnam

4 Theoretical basis and researching method

4.1 Theoretical basis:

This topic is researched on the basis of grasping instruments of VietnameseCommunist Party in some sessions of Congress recently, legal policies,documents of the State relating to socialization activities, journalisticactivities and journalistic argument system generally, and televisionjournalism particularly

4.2 Researching method:

- Method of surveying real situations: used to determine researching ideas,drafting the picture of real situations, determine the problems given onsocialization activities of television branch in Vietnam.

- Method of researching materials: carried out for theoretical scientificworks on television promulgated by domestic and foreign authors Thismethod is used for the purpose of generalizing, adding the theoreticalsystem on television generally and television program productionsocialization activity particularly

- Method of totaling up – comparing: used for the purpose of determiningappearance frequency, development level, quality, effect of programs thatare cooperatively produced by television stations and partners andprograms that are produced by journalists independently This methodmainly relies on periodic statistical returns, investigations and surveysperformed television stations, communication companies and related units

- Method of analyzing, synthesizing: used to analyze, evaluate andsynthesize researching results in order to point out the successes,restrictions, reasons and challenges in the process of television programproduction socialization in our country

- Method of professional interview: performed with 35 leaders andmanagers of television stations, exterior organizations and journalists oftelevision stations who are participating in program productionsocialization activity in order to collect the opinions of individuals aboutthe issue

- Method of investigating through questionnaires (anket): is performed inorder to get objective opinions on quality, effect and demand of the publicfor television programs which are produced by forms of socialization The

number of samples is 800 ballots, the ballots are selected randomly in 4cities: Hanoi, Da Nang, Ho Chi Minh city and Can Tho.

Besides, we refer some other methods such as SWOT analysis method… toanalyze the production cooperation activity of the units as well as use asthe basis for putting forth some suitable solutions

5 Researching hypothesis

- Television program production socialization is a rule of development; it iscooperation and competition as well We will not be able to understand thenature, operating principles of this activity if we don’t research relatedissues comprehensively, specifically from definitions, role, cooperatingmethod, socializing principles and improve legal system – legal framework

to make sure that television socialization process is performed effectively

- Television program production socialization activity is developingstronger and stronger in Vietnam, getting encouraging results However,this activity also has many restrictions which negatively affect thedevelopment of television stations particularly and television branchgenerally Without investigating, analyzing real situations scientifically,then pointing out successes, restrictions, socialization activity would hardlypromote its advantages and cause unforeseeable impacts when it develops

6 New scientific contribution for the thesis

- First: This thesis researches the system and generalize theoretical frame

on television program production socialization activity: (1) clarifying thedefinition of television program production socialization and some relateddefinitions to compare (2) Inevitability of socialization activity (3) Main

forms of production socialization (4) Principles to ensure the nature oforientation, exploit and encourage social resources to participate intelevision program production activity… This theoretical frame and realsituations will be the bases for researching, evaluating the issues relating tocommunication socialization generally and television program productionsocialization particularly.

- Second: Investigating, analyzing socialization activities of some televisionstations in Vietnam comprehensively, in details with basic factors:cooperating objects, forms, content of socialization, socialization activitiesorganizing, managing method, then considering real situations of thisactivity The thesis affirms positiveness of socialization activity, defines therestrictions which need to be improved early, especially in awareness andmanaging process

- Third: On the basis of such general conclusion in combination withanalyzing the experiences on this field from some countries all in the world,this thesis forecasts the issues in near future and brings out a system ofsolutions to make television program production socialization activity inVietnam more effective, suitable for real situations

7 Theoretical and real meaning of the thesis

7.1 Theoretical meaning: This thesis is the first scientific work whichsystematically synthesize theoretical conclusions on a new issue inVietnam, it’s television activity socialization If this thesis is successfullyresearched, it will contribute to enrich the knowledge on televisiongenerally, television program production, cooperative productionparticularly

7.2 Real meaning: Theoretical and real researching results of the thesis can

be references for policies makers; for people who are participating intelevision branch; references for researching, teaching, studying processes

in training facilities of television staffs and people who care about the topic

8 Structure of the thesis

Beside introduction, overview of researching topic, conclusion, list ofreferences, main content of the thesis consists of 4 chapters, 16 sections

OVERVIEW OF RESEARCHING TOPIC

Apart from documents of foreign countries, among the announceddocuments inside the country, the author mentioned the socializationactivity of television program production, basically focuses on 4 followingresearch groups:

- First group: includes researches relating to theoretical basis of television,development trends of Vietnam television in modern society, especially inintegrating, globalizing processes They were concerned with televisionsocialization but just in a small aspect which was usually researched as a

small factor that promotes development of television in modern society r asolution that helps to develop integrating process.

- Second group: are scientific topics, works mentioning televisionsocialization in a narrow point of view, they were studied separately tointroduce a specific model of socialization

- Third group: television socialization was mentioned in speeches ofscientific seminars, television festivals However, most of such speechesand opinions just raised the issue qualitatively and individually

- Forth group: socialization, television program production socializationwere mentioned in development orientation of the Party, in theinstruments, decrees, legal documents However, beside positive aspects,some regulations on this activity were general; they did not satisfy the realdemand and contained many inadequate points

Beside above researching works, some newspapers, websites also hadseparate articles about different aspects of television socialization… Ingeneral, such researching works just mentioned some slices of televisionsocialization In the aspect of learning, theses works did not theorize basicissues relating to television program production socialization scientifically

In the aspect of reality, they did not point out the trend of televisionsocialization, or draft general picture of real situations, route, models,principles, difficulties in television program production socializing process

of Vietnam television branch at present, therefore, they did not give specificsolutions to promote this activity effectively and develop television branchstrongly Such space needs to be fulfilled and developed

“socialization” is the process of establishing and affirming sociality of eachmember or a thing, matter On the basis of analysis, we would like to giveour own definition to use for the next researching process: “Socialization is

a process of extending the participation, sharing of society in an exclusiveactivity, service or knowledge of an organization or individual so that suchactivity or product will be known, used or enjoyed by many people”

1.1.2 Television program production socialization

Nowadays, in Vietnam, production – making television products is notperformed by journalists of a television channel, a television station, it’scommon work of many people People can participate directly or indirectly

in television production So, it can be understood that: “Socialization oftelevision program production is the process of expanding the participationand attracting the human resources of individual, organizations orbusinesses into a stage in the production procedure and televisionprograms - of the State television - this is the exclusive work of the State inVietnam”.

The participation of outside individuals and partners into the programproduction activity (the work which was previous implemented by theState only) not only makes increase on quantity and quality of programsbut also contributes to limiting the exclusivity in creating the televisionproduct

In fact, in Vietnam, there are some other concepts, a part of them is nearlysimilar to the term of television program production socialization,including “cooperation in television program production”, “televisionsocialization” However, these terms have internal contents which are toolarge or too small Therefore, in order to research more deeply, besidefollowing the news, macroscopic issues of television branch, the thesis onlyfocus on researching a specific issue: researching the participation ofsociety in television product making process, which is “television programproduction socialization”

1.2 Factors that promote the establishment and development of televisionprogram production socialization activity

1.2.1 The demand for information of the public and inner abilities oftelevision station

To have many interesting program with large and modern nature, scopeand serve diversified demands of the public, we always need great

resources: human resources, technology, finance But many televisionstations cannot satisfy such resources, especially in finance Therefore, theparticipation of individuals, organizations, and especially, the enterprises,economic corporations in television program production activity is verynecessary.

1.2.2 Development of science and technology

Development of science and technology helps to make television programproduction equipments more modern, more convenient and much cheaper.This is the chance for individuals, organizations to participate in televisionprogram production activity of Television station easily

1.2.3 Abilities of partners

Television products are made through a complicated process whichrequires many great resources In fact, there are many individuals,organization who have real potential of human resources and economy,they are ready to invest to make high-quality television programs and even

“long-term” valuable programs to contribute to television stations

1.2.4 Economic interests

Cooperation between television stations, partners to make televisionproducts is always closely associated with the interests of parties Theinterests for partners of television are: advertising the trademark,improving the prestige in the society and searching for economic interestsfrom many resources, especially the benefits from advertisement

1.2.5 The impacts of globalization – extending international exchange

The era of globalization not only help television of countries to approachmodern producing technology rapidly, it also make television of countriesmore diversified through the activities of ordering, trading, exchangingprograms with foreign partners

1.2.6 Pressure of competition on information

Developed countries have all good conditions, their television informationbroadcasts widely to all ins and outs of the society, making high pressure ofcompetition on information between countries, medias Television stationsneed to extend forms of production in order to have more interestingprograms from different resources if they don’t want to lose their public

1.2.7 Policies and management mechanism of the State

Each country has different economy, politics, culture, but they allacknowledge and appreciate the role of television in providing information,orienting thoughts and bringing economic interests So, there are manytimely, suitable policies, mechanisms to create good conditions for thedevelopment of such activity, including the policy of mobilizing socialresources – this is a chance to make the participation of society smooth,effective

1.3 Forms of television program production socialization

1.3.1 Cooperation in television program production

This means that television stations and partners “cooperate” to exploit, useresources of each party suitably (human, technical equipments, finance…)

to participate in television products making process There are three levels

of cooperation: cooperate to produce a part of program, cooperate to fullyproduce a program and cooperate to produce many programs for atelevision channel

1.3.2 Program production ordering

In the form of ordering, ordering subject is television station, orderingobject is Communication Company With this form, television station isusually active, the partner is just an executor There are three orderinglevels: ordering to produce a part of program, ordering to produce a fullprogram and ordering to produce programs for the whole channel

1.3.3 Exploiting materials and television products

To exploit materials and television products, television station must search,select materials (rough information, images) or television productsperformed by an individual or organization to use for establishing aprogram of a television channel

1.3.4 Products exchange

While in the form of cooperation, exploitation and ordering production, thetelevision station must pay its partner by money or interests ofadvertisement, in the form of products exchange, television stations,organization exchange their programs without paying by any financialamount

1.4 Requirements and conditions to make television program productionsocialization activity successful

1.4.1 Purposes, requirements for socialization activity

- Purposes of socialization activity: is to produce high-quality televisionproducts to satisfy diversified demands of the modern public from differentsocial resources

- Requirements for socialization activity: television products produced bysocialization are diversified in contents, interesting in form, correctlyoriented, distribute interests of each participant reasonably; exploit, use allpotentials of partners in production cooperation effectively; relationsbetween parties in production cooperation are strong, stable and developconstantly

1.4.2 Conditions to make television program production socializationactivity successful

1.4.2.1 Determining producing capacity: the abilities in human, technology,technique and finance of each party before participating to make televisionproducts This is the basis that decides quality of products and speed,strength of the cooperation

1.4.2.2 Determining managing capacity: The manager must understandpurposes, advantages, disadvantages of cooperation extension and answerthe questions: Who are the program produced for? What are produced?How many programs are produce? Who produces? Then constructstrategies, make plans and administrate producing process effectively

1.4.2.3.Determining, analyzing the opportunities and challenges: Apartfrom its internal points (strength, weakness), each unit needs to analyzethe impacts from the outside (opportunity, challenge) to its unit asparticipating in socialization This is the important basis for promoting,exploiting well the advantage, chance; limiting the disadvantages andcoping flexibly with the danger in order to have the best cooperation result.

1.4.2.4.Creating suitable cooperation environment: means close legalframework, mechanism, policies which are suitable for real situations – this

is the “cradle” that rears, develops relationships in cooperation

1.5 Features, requirements and development situations of Vietnamtelevision

1.5.1 Developing process of Vietnam television branch

1.5.1.1 Vietnam Television

After over 40 years of establishment and development, after the time ofdeprivation of everything, Vietnam Television has continuously innovatedand developed with National channels with average time limit 120hours/day and 2 cable television systems (VCTV, SCTV) and DTH satellitedigital television system (VSTV) with hundreds of channels

1.5.1.2 Local television stations

Nowadays, there are 62 television stations in the country (excluding PhuYen province where provincial television station is being constructed, andexpected to put into use in 2012), with over 80 channels Average

broadcasting time limit (including relaying Vietnam television) is 18hours/channel Some big stations broadcast 24 hours/day Besideadvertising programs, some stations also extend pay television areas.

1.5.1.3 Other television stations, channels

There are other television stations, channels of Ministries, journalisticoffices such as: Vietnam Television Company, visual broadcasting system ofRadio The Voice of Vietnam (VOVTV); Vietnam News Agency channel;People’s Public Security channel (ANTV)

1.5.2 Viewpoints of the Party and requirements for Vietnam televisionbranch in socialization

1.5.2.1 Viewpoints of the Party on socialization

The viewpoint of promoting social resources together with the State tosolve common issues of the society is determined, mentioned indevelopment orientation since Party Congress VIII and next Congresses

1.5.2.2 Development orientation of television branch in socialization

Developing in accordance with common policies of the Party, State on thebasis of conditions, demands of each television station to produce as manyprograms as possible with diversified, interesting contents to serveviewers’ demands

Summary of Chapter 1:

Nature of television program production socialization activity is thevoluntary participation of every individual, organization in the activity ofmaking television products for a television station – which used to beexclusive activity of the unit.

There are many forms in which society can participate in this activity Eachform has separate advantages and restrictions Such diversity generatesabundance for the activity of television branch generally and programproduction organization activities of each Station particularly

To make television program production socialization activity successful,the vital factor that decides the existence, trademark of each unit whileperforming program production activity socialization is to determineproducing capacity, management ability of the unit and partners clearly,and especially, it is necessary to create cooperative environment – whichrears multidimensional but sustainable relations

Being established earliest in television branch, Vietnam Television –National station is the first unit that has deployed television programproduction socialization activity At first, it is cooperative production andbroadcasting some programs of some offices, political and socialorganizations Until now, the activity has developed with diversified forms.There are 143 channels in the system of advertisement television and paytelevision (VTV, VCTV and SCTV) of Vietnam Television, in which 41channel are domestic (produced by the Station), remaining 102 channelsare exploited Some channels among 41 domestic ones are performed bysocialization.

2.1.2 Situations of program production socialization in some localtelevision stations

In comparison with National station, the activity of local television stationswas performed much later and became popular since 2000 Productionsocialization activity developed strongest in Ho Chi Minh Television andHanoi Television, in both advertisement and pay television In which, thetime limit of socialized programs on advertisement channel occupies about

25 – 30% total time limit of newly produced programs

In other local television stations, production socialization activity has alsobeen established; however, their scale is still small, mainly apart ofprogram at some time slots

2.1.3 Situations of socialization in Vietnam Television Corporation

Vietnam Television Corporation is under Vietnam Multimedia Corporation,established on 19/8/2004 In 2007, socialization activity started to beperformed and developed rapidly VTC was licensed to produce 18

program channels, including 15 advertisement channels 7 channels werefully socialized; while some other channels were socialized in a part.

2.2 Participants of television program production socialization activity inVietnam

2.2.1 Communication companies

There are nearly 3.000 communication companies in Vietnam However,the survey from 2008 to 2011 shows that only about 50 companies (20 inNorthern region, 30 in Southern region) usually cooperate with televisionstations

2.2.2 Private film studio

Cinema Law regulates that: the rate of Vietnamese film broadcasting timelimit of each television station must occupies at least 30% total filmbroadcasting time limit This means that there must be a Vietnamese filmafter 2 foreign ones Therefore, state television film studios could notarrange enough films to broadcast Until 2010, there were about 40 privatefilm studios in Vietnam who have been cooperating to produce and providefilms for Stations

2.2.3 Central and local offices, organizations

These offices not only provide resources of hot news, timely financialresources for the journalists, but they also cooperate and play an importantrole in television program production of many television stations inVietnam

2.2.4 Journalism agencies

Acknowledging the advantages of television, many news, journalismagencies (printed newspaper, online newspaper, radio newspaper) havecooperated with television stations to share information, extend influencescope as well as image of their offices

2.2.5 Individuals

The participation of individuals in television program production isbecoming more and more popular in Vietnam The individuals mainlyparticipate in contributing “rough” materials – images with highinformation, news value or “partial” products for Television stations

2.2.6 Foreign units

Nowadays, foreign units mainly participate in exploiting, exchangingproducts or cooperating with Television stations or communicationcompanies to produce television programs

2.3 Real situations of program production socialization forms in Vietnam

2.3.1 Cooperation in program production

This form appears mainly in television program production socializationactivity of many television stations in Vietnam Investigations show that thelevel of operation to produce a full program occupies the majority in

advertisement and pay television Each channel may have many partnerssimultaneously.

However, some pay television channels of some stations are still using theform of cooperation: one partner can cooperate to produce major part of aprogram or the whole program for a channel For example: FanshifanTV(VCTV1), RealTV (VCTV5), FNBC (HTVC)…

2.3.2 Ordering program production

This form is usually used in television stations Main ordering levels are:ordering to produce a part of program and ordering to produce a fullprogram

Beside above levels, some pay television channels also use the level ofordering to produce programs for the whole channel In this form, exceptexploited and re-broadcasted time, 100% new products are produced byone partner Television station just gives the topic, consult about format ofthe program and accept completed programs of such channel There are 4television stations in the country who have fully ordered channels (or fullysocialized channels): Vietnam Television, Ho Chi Minh Television, VietnamTelevision Corporation, Hanoi Television with the total of 20 channels

2.3.3 Exploiting materials and television products

Surveying time from 2009 to 2011 shows that exploitation and use ofmaterials appear mainly in Vietnam Television, and rarely in localtelevision stations However, this form is used only in some news programswith inconsiderable quantity

In comparison with products of rough materials, completed products (fill program) occupy the majority of exploitation forms oftelevision stations The products belong to diversified forms: films, games,music to cultural, sports programs… Many television stations exploitedproducts of tens of partners, this make the programs plentiful.

2.4.2 News programs

Article 5 of chapter 1, circular 19/2009/TT-BTTTT of Ministry ofCommunications and Information, issued on 28/5/2009, regulated that: