Rèn luyện năng lực hợp tác cho học sinh trong dạy học chương trình chuyển hóa vật chất và năng lượng sinh học 11 trung học phổ thông

JOURNAL OF SCIENCE OF HNUE DOI 10 18173/2354 1075,2015 0011 Educational Sci , 2015, Vol 60, No 1, pp 88 97 This paper is available online at http /Zstdb hnue edu vn REN LUYEN NANG LUC HOP TAC CHO HOC[.]

Educational Sci , 2015, Vol 60, No 1, pp 88-97

This paper is available online at http./Zstdb.hnue.edu.vn

REN LUYEN NANG LUC HOP TAC CHO HOC SINH

TRONG DAY HOC CHUONG CHUYEN HOA VAT CHAT VA NANG LUONG

- SINH HOC 11 TRUNG HOC PHO THONG

Phan Thi Thanh Hoi, Pham Huyen PhUdng

Khoa Sinh hge Trudng Dai hoe Sif pham Hd Ndi

Tom tat Nang lUc hdp tac la mot trong nhflng nang lUc (NL) dUdc nhieu nudc xay dUng

Irong bp cac nang lUc col ldi ngUdi hpc cin cd trong the ki XXI Viet Nam cQng da c6 dU thao xay dUng bp NL cot ldi cho chUdng trinh sau 2015 gdm 9 NL chung trong do co NL hdp tac, dilu nay cho thay NL hop tac la mpt NL rat quan trong ddi vdi ngUdi hoc Viec ren luyen NL hdp tac Irong cac cap hpc, mon hpc la rat can thilt Trong bai viet nay, chiing toi phan tich clu true NL hdp tac, tfl dd thiet ke quy trinh ren de luyen NL hdp tac cho hoc sinh va vi du vl van dung quy Irinh trong trong day hoc chUOng Chuyen hoa vat chit va ndng lupng, Sinh hoc 11 Trung hoc pho thdng (THFT)

Tii khoa: Hdp lac, nang lUc hdp tac, ren luyen nang lUc hdp tac

1 Mcf dau

Tfl tbi ki XVni, li thuylt vl bpc tap bdp tdc da dUdc tbue hiin kha pho bien d cac nUde tU ban Ci nude Anh cd Joseph Lancaster va Andrew Belt da thUc nghiem va trien khai rdng rai vile bpc tap hdp tac nhdm; d My (the ki XIX) dien hinh cd Fancis Parker (bang Massachusetts) da dl cao hpc tap hdp tac khi ebd rdng niu qua trinb hpc lap dUde thuc hiln irln tinb thdn chia se nhdm, ldp vdi ca tinh cam vd tri tul thi vile hpc se khdng bao gid bj nham chan Hai nha nghien eflu Cpleman (1972) va Glasser (1969) nhan manh vai Ird eua hdp tac khi tuyen bdmuc liiu chinh cua nha inldng la gido due HS trd tbanb nhflng ngfldi bill hdp tac vdi ngfldi khac thdng qua quan sat

sU IUdng tac hdp tac va tranh dua trong cac trudng trung hpc lai My [12]

Cuoi thi ki XIX dau thi ki XX, J Dewey khi ndi vl khia canh xa hdi cua vile hpc lap thi cbo rang mudn hpc each cung chung sdng trong xa hpi thi ngUdi bpc phai trai nghiim trong cudc sdng hdp tac ngay Ifl Irong nhd tnrdng [10]

Nghiin cflu vi day hpc hdp lac trong trudng hpc cdn cd nbieu lac gia khde nhu Albert Bandura vdi li thuyet hoc tap "Su lam vile dong dpi" mang linh xa bdi [6]; Jean Piagel vdi hpe thuyll "SUgiai quyll mau Ihudn" [l],Palincarva Brown vdi phUdng phap day Idn nhau [9] Ngoai

ra edn cd cac cdng trinh nghiin cflu khac cua cac lac gia Slavin (1990) [14], Rosenshine, Meister (1994) [13] va Renkl (1995) [I I]

6 Vill Nam ciing da cd mot sd tae gia nghien cflu vl li thuylt hdp tac nhu tac gia Dang Thanh Hflng (2002) Irong cuon "Day hpc hien dai - li luan bien phap kT ihuat" [2]; tdc gia Tr4n Ngay nhan bai; 15/8/2014 Ngay nhan dang: IO/2/20I5

Ba Hoanh trong "Doi mdi phUdng phap day hpc ehUdng irinh va sach giao khoa" (2006) [3]; lac gia Thai Duy Tbyen (2008) trong cuon sach "PbUdng phap day hoc iruyin thdng va ddi mdi" [7]., Cac tae gia nay deu nhan manh vai trd hdp lac tao ra nhflng thanh cdng trong hpc tap, lang cUdng kha nang tu duy phi phan, tdng cUdng thai dp tich cue vdi cac mdn hpc, nang cao NL hdp tac gifla cdc HS vdi nhau, lao tam Ii lanh manh, phat iriin va hda nhdp xd hdi

Nhu vay, viec ren luyln nang lUc hdp tac (NLHT) trong trUdng hoc la rat quan trpng va moi mdn bix: se pbai gdp pban ren luyln NL cbo ngUdi hpc thdng qua qud trinh to chflc day hpc bd mdn De gdp phan ren luyen NLHT eho ngUdi hpc, chung ldi da sfl dung mdn Sinh hpc nhU la mpl cdng CU

2 Npi dung nghien cihi

2.1 Nang luc hdp tac

Khai niem hdp tac

Theo Dai tfl dien Tiing Viet, hdp tac cd nghia la "chung sflc, giup dd qua lai vdi nhau" [8] Cdn theo lac gia Nguyen Lan, "bdp tac la cung lam mpt viec vdi nhau" [4]

Theo chung tdi, bpp tae la sU kit hdp gifla hai hoac nhiiu ngUdi thanh mpi nhdm, trong dd mdi ngudi dam nhan mpl vai trd khac nhau va ciing phoi hpp, giup dd, chia se lan nhau nham giai quylt mdt nhiem vu chung nao dd

Nang Itfc hdp tac (NLHT)

Nang !Ue ludn gdn vdi mdi boat ddng eu the, nang lUc gan vdi hoal dpng hdp tae trdng nhdm gpi la nang lUe bdp tac NLHT la kha nang id' chflc vd quan li nbdm, tbUc hiln cae hoal ddng irong nhdm mpt each tbanb thao, Unh boat, sang tao nham giai quyet nhiem vu chung cd hieu qua

Trong nghien cflu eua chung tdi dd xac djnh: ngUdi cd NLHT phar cd kiln thflc, ki ndng vd thai dp hdp tac nbu sau:

- Kien thflc bdp tac: ngUdi cd kiln thflc hdp lac la ngUdt neu dUde khai niem, muc dich, y ngbia hdp tae; phdn tich dUdc quy trinb bdp tac, cac binh thflc hdp lac; Trinh bay dUde cac each tao nhdm, ki thuat hoat dpng nhdm, vai trd cua tflng vj tri trong nbdm

- Cae kT nang hdp tac: ngUdi cd nang lUc hdp tac can phai thUc hiln dUdc cac kT nang (KN) thanh phan nbu sau: KN id chflc nbdm hdp tdc KN lap ki hoaeh hdp lac, KN lao mdi trudng hdp tdc, KN giai quylt mdu thuan, KN diln dat y kiln, KN Idng nghe vd phan hdi, KN viit bdo cdo,

KN tu danh gia, KN danh gia lan nhau Day la thanh id bieu hiln cao nhal cua NLHT

- Thai dp bdp tac:

+ Tich cUc boat ddng nhdm: Cac thanh vien trong nhdm tich cue tham gia boat dpng nhdm

vd ddng vien nhau cung tham gia

+ Chung sflc hoan thanh nhiem vu: Cae thanh viln Irong nhdm dong tam, hdp lUc hoan thanh nhiem vu chung ciia nhdm, cd trach nhiem vdi sU Ihanb cdng cua nhdm

+ Chia se, giup dd lan nhau: Cac thdnh viln trong nhdm ton irpng, chia se, ung hd, giup dd Ian nhau cung hoan Ihdnh nhiem vu

2.2 Vai tro cua viec ren luyen nang luc hdp tac cho ngufbi hoc

Ddi vdi nhd trudng, day hpc theo hudng ren luyln I ^ H T cbo hoc sinh (HS) giup nang eao hieu qua cua nha trUdng trong nbilm vu phat trien nhan Ihflc nhan each, tinh cam cua HS Nha IrUdng trd tbanb mpt xa bdi thu nhd, trong dd mdi HS dUdc binh ddng, cd cd hdi dUdc giao due va phai iril'n nhU nhau, ddng thdi cai thien cac mdi quan he xa hdi cd tinh chat gidi, tdn giao, thanh

phan ciia HS Irong pham vi nha trUdng [5]

Doi vdi HS, hlnb thanh NLHT ed y nghia rat quan trong Nd giup cho HS cd dUde thdnh lich bpc tap tdt bdn nhd sU cd gang, tich cue ciia ban than cung nbu sU chia se, giup dd eua ban be; dam bao sU phat trien hai hda gifla ca nhan va quan be xa hpi, ITnh hdi nhiiu gia trj xd hpi, trudng

thanh ve nhan each va banh vi xa hdi (trong pham vi nhd cua Irudng bpc) Dilu nay lao tiln dk

vflng chae de khi bfldc vao xa bdi vdi nhflng moi quan he phflc lap, HS khdng nhflng nhanh ehdng thicb ngbi ma cdn cd the xay dflng va hfldng ldi tfl cac mdi quan he xa hdi dd Day chinh la dieu kiln liln quyel ddn den sfl ihanh dat ciia mdi ea nhan trong cupc song

2.3 Cac kl nang thanh phan cua nang lire hdp tac

De hinh thanh va phat tnen NLHT cbo HS, can pbai xac dinb cau tnic NLHT NLHT gdm kien thflc vi hdp tac, KN hdp tac va thai dp hdp tac Trong nghiin cflu nay, chung Idi chii Irpng din ren luyen cac KN hdp tac, tfl viec ren luyln KN hdp tac HS ciing bieu sdu hdn ve kiln thflc hdp tac va cd thdi dp lot trong qua trinh hdp tdc

Cac KN bdp tac bap gdm:

Nhdm KN to chiic va quan li

KTnang

KN to chiic

nhdm hdp

tac

KNlapke

hoach hdp

tac

Bdng 1: Nhdm KN to chdc vd qudn b

Tieu chi

- Bilt each di chuyin, tap hdp nbdm

- Dam nhan dfldc cac vai trd khac nhau

Irong nhdm

- Tap trung chu y

- Xac dinh dfldc each thflc hop tac

- xac djnh dfldc eac cdng vile eu the

theo irinh tu va thdi gian

- T\i danh gia va danh gia dong dang

ctia ndng lUc hdp tdc

Yeu cau dat dtfdc

Di chuyin mdt each trat tU, nhanh nhen, tap hdp diing nhdm iheo ylu cau, thdi gian dudi 1 phut

Xac djnh dung nhiem vu va cdng vile

eu the cua Iflng vj tri trong nhdm, thflc bien cd hilu qua cac boat ddng de hoan tbanb tot nhiim vu dd

Tap trung d nbdm irong suot qua Irinh lam vile, ebu y vdo cdng vile eua ban than va nbdm, khdng xao nhang Xac djnh dfldc each thflc hdp lac phii hdp de giai quyet nhiem vu Dfl kiln dfldc cac cdng viec nhdm phai lam theo trinh lU vdi thdi gian bdp li va each thflc lien banh nhflng cdng viec do

d i hoan tbanb nhiem vu dUde giao

TS ddnh gia dUdc ndng lUc cua ban

thdn va ddnh gia dUde ndng lUc ciia tflng thanh viln Irong nhdm tfl dd phdn cdng nhiem vu dung, phii hdp vdi nang lUc mdi ngUdi hoac chii ddng tilp nhan nhiem vu phu hdp vdi ndng lUc ban

KN tao moi

trtfctnghdp

tac

KNgiai

quyet mau

thuan

Cd thai dp hdp tdc

Chia se, giup dd lan nhau

Tranh luan dn bda

Bilt kilm cbl ban than

Phat bien va giai quyel dUde mau thuan

Tdn trpng, lang nghe va bay to sU ung

bd Gdi md, kich thich eac thanh viln khac tham gia hdal ddng nhdm Chia se tai lilu, thdng lin cho ngUdi khac, giup dd ban tao sU tbanb cdng cho nhdm de hoan thanh nhiim vu Tranh luan dung vao npi dung can giai quyll, khdng hudng vao da kich cd nhan ngUdi trinh bay vdi thai dd nhe nhang, khdng chi Irich, xuc pham ngUdi khac

Chap nhdn y kiln trai ngUdc neu y kiln

dd Id dung

Ludn binh iTnh, kiim che dUde sU bUc tflc, ndng nay Linh boat, san sang cd thien chi ihda hiep

Phdl hiln, dilu chinh vile thuc hiln nbilm vu lech vdi chu dl

Nhom KN hoat ddng

Bdng 2: Nhdm KN hoat ddng cda ndng lUe hdp ldc

KTnang

KNdien

dat y kien

KNIang

ngheva

phan hoi

KN viet bao

cao

Tieu chi

Trinb bay dUdc y kiinAiao cao cua

nhdm

Bilt bao vl y kiln cua minh

Biit lang nghe

Tbi biln dUde y kiln khdng ddng tinb

Tdng bdp lua chpn va sap xip dUdc y

kiin cua cac thdnh vien trong nhdm

Yeu can dat dtfdc

Trinh bay y tudng/bao cao cua nbdm mpl each ngan gpn, mach lac, dl hiiu; kit hdp vdi ngdn ngfl cfl chi, net mat de lang hilu qua, sflc thuylt phuc Dfla ra dUdc nhflng giai thich, ii le ehflng minh quan diim, y kien cua minh mpl each dn bda, khdng gay gat Lang nghe, hiiu va ghi lai, diin dat tai y kiin cua ngUdi khac, khdng ngat ngang ldi ngudi khac

The bien y kiln khdng ddng linh mdt each Ijch sU, nha nhan Kheo leo dat eau hdi di lam rd hoac gdp y cbo ngfldi khac •

Tdng hdp va lUa chpn y kiin cua cac thanh vien trong nhdm, lUa chpn Ifl ngfl, each trinb bay phu hdp, sap xip thanh mdt he thdng de bao cao irUdc

Nhdm KN danh gia

Bdng 3: Nhdm KN ddnh gid ciia ndng lUc hap tdc

KTnang

KN ttf danh

gia

KN danh

gia lan nhau

Tieu chi

TYrdanh gia

Bilt danh gia lan nhau

Yeu cau dat dtfdc Ddnh gia chinh xac, khach quan kll qua dat dUdc cfla ban thdn Rut kinh nghiem cho ban than

Danh gia mpl each chinh xac, khach quan, cdng bang kit qua dat dupe cua ngudi khac, nbdm khac Rut kinh nghiim tfl ngUdi khac eho ban than

2.4 Ren luyen nang lufc hdp tac trong day hoc chUdng Chuyen hoa vat chat va nang lufdng - Sinh hoc 11 THPT

2.4.1 Quy trinh ren luyen nang Itfc hdp tac trong day hoc

Chung tdi thilt kl quy trinb ren luyln NLHT gdm 5 budc nbU sau:

1 Bil6c 1 Gidi thieu l<hai quat ve NL hop tac |

;

1 Btf6c 2 HS trai nghiem hdp tac nhom |

I

1 Budc 3 HS nit ra quy trinh hdp tac tit trai nghiem |

i

1 Budc 4 HS tiep tiic ren luyen theo quy trinh hdp tac |

i

1 Budc 5 Danh gia viec ren luyen NLHT va nit kinh nghiem |

Btfdc 1 Gidi thieu khai quat ve NLHT

Muc dich: Gidi thiiu khai quat vi NLHT cho HS nhdm giup cac em ed bieu bilt sd bd ban

dau vi NLHT lao hflng thu hpc tap bdp tac d HS, tren ed sd dd HS cd the hdp lac mdt each chii ddng, tu giac

Hogt dgng GV:

- Gidi Ihieu vai Ird cua NLHT

- Gidi tbiljl sd lUdc quy trinh hdp tac

- Hfldng dan cac each tad nhdm

- Giai thich nhiem vu cua indi thanh vien trong nhdm, each Ihflc boat ddng nhdm theo cac

ki thuat irong day hpc bdp tac

Hogt ddng HS:

- Ldng nghe GV gidi ihilu vl NLHT va hudng dan ihUc bien quy trinh hdp lac

- Thao luan nhflng ndi dung liln quan din bdp tac va NLHT

Btfdc 2 HS trai nghiem bdp lac nhdm

Muc dieh: HS dtfdc irai nghiem hoe tap theo budng ren luyln NLHT nham ITnh hpi kien

thflc bai hpc va ren cac KN hpp lac gom: KN Id' chflc nhdm; lap kl hoach; lao mdi irtfdng hdp lac; giai quyll mau thuan

Hogt ddng GV:

GV phan tich ndi dung bai hoc, xac djnh cac ddn vj kiln thflc cd the xay dUng ihanh cac cdng cu cho HS hdp lac nhu cae eau hoi, bai tap, bai tap tinh budng Giao nbilm vu cho HS de boat ddng nhdm

Ylu cau HS id ebfle thdnh nhdm hdp tdc; lin ke hoach boat ddng; thUc hiln nhiem vu trong nhdm; thao luan gifla cae nbdm; rut ra kit luan vd ddnh gia

Hogt dgng HS:

Trai nghiem bdp tae nbdm theo quy trinb dfldi sfl hfldng dan cua GV

Btfdc 3 HS rut ra quy trinb bdp tac tfl Irai nghiim

Muc dieh: HS hieu rd thao tac, y ngbia cua tflng bUdc trong quy irinh d i IhUc biln cd hieu

qua vile ren luyln NLHT

Hogt dgng GV:

- Hudng dan HS rut ra cac bUde cua quy trinh hdp lac qua trai nghiem

- Chuan bda cac bUde trong quy trinb hdp lae ma HS dUa ra (neu can)

Hogt ddng HS:

- Rut ra quy trinb bdp tae

Budc 1: To chflc nbdm hdp tae

Budc 2: Hoat dong trong nhdm nhd (bao gom: Iln kl hoach boat dpng; IhUc hien nhiem vu)

Budc 3: Hoat dpng trong nbdm Idn (bao gdm: dai dien eac nhdm bao cao; cac nhdm nhan xel, bd sung; nil ra kit luan)

Budc 4: Danh gia

Btfdc 4 HS tiip tuc ren luyln theo quy trinb hdp tac

Muc dich: HS tilp iuc ren luyen NLHT theo quy Irinh nhim lam lai, hoan Ihiln cac thao

tac chfla dal yeu cau dudi sU theo ddi, dieu chinh, hUdng dan cua GV

Hogt dgng GV:

- Dfla ra cac cdng cu ren luyln NLHT cbo HS

- Danh gia NLHT cua HS theo tieu chi sau mdi Idn HS boat ddng

Hogt dgng HS:

TbtJfc hien hdp tac theo quy trinh (Bfldc 3)

Btfdc 5 Danh gia viec ren luyln NLHT va nil kinh nghiim

Muc dich: GV va HS danh gia viee ren luyln cac KN hdp tac vdi muc dich phan hoi thdng

tin vfla de dilu chinh thao tac, vfla cho HS ihay dfldc sfl tien bd ciia minh trong viec sfl dung cac

KN, de cd ddng lUc thuc day vile hpc va ren luyln cac NL khae

Hogt ddng GV vd HS:

- GV va HS cung danh gia lai qud trinh ren luyen NLHT, phan tich diim dat dUdc va chfla

dat dtfdc trong qua irinb ren luyln

2.4.2 Vi du van dung quy trinh ren luyen nang Itfc hdp tac trong day hpc chtfdng Chuyen hoa vat chat va nang Itfdng - Sinh hoc 11 THPT

Ren luyen NLHT cho HS Irong day hpc mue I- Bai 11: Quang hdp va nang suat cay trdng Btf6c 1 Gidi thieu khai qual vi NLHT

GV gidi thieu khai quat cho HS vl hdp tdc vd NLHT, gdm:

- Vai trd cua NLHT

- Sd lUdc quy trinb hdp tae gom 4 budc

- Hudng dan cac each lao nhdm: nhdm ngau nbiln, nhdm HS da thdn tfl trUde, nbdm ngoi gan nhau, nbdm ghep binh

- Giai thich nhiem vu ciia nbdm irudng, thu ki, mdi thanh viln trong nbdm, each thflc hoat ddng nhdm theo cac kT thuat Irong day hpc bdp lac: kT thual khan Irai ban, manh ghep, phdng van babUdcXYZ

- GV giai dap nhflng diiu HS chUa rd, cdn thac mac ve hdp tac va NLHT

Btfdc 2 HS trai nghiim bdp tac nhdm

HS trai nghiim hdp lac nhdm theo quy trinh dudi sU quan sai, theo doi, budng ddn, diiu chinh ciia GV, gom cac bude sau:

Cac btfdc

Btfdc 1: To' chflc

nbdm hdp lac

- On dinh to' chiic

nhdm

- Nhan nhiim vu

lua chgn hinh thiic

hgp tdc

- Lap ke hogeh hgp

tdc

Hoat dpng GV-HS

GV hudng ddn HS:

- Di chuyen vao cac nhdm 4-5 ngUdi ngoi gan nhau

- Phan cdng nbdm trUdng, tbu ki, cdn lai la cac thanh viln

GV giao nbilm vu eho HS: bang each ghi nhiem vu len bang

- Nbdm nhan nhiem vu: "Thiel ki thi nghiim ehflng minh quang hdp anh hudng den nang suat cay trdng"

- Thdi gian Idm vile: 6 phut

GV hudng din HS each thflc liln hanh hdp lac: lam viec theo kT ihuat khan Irai ban

GV hudng dan HS lap kl hoach hdp lae:

- Liel ke cae cdng vile can lam:

+ Tim hieu vl quang hdp, nang suat

+ Tim hieu thi nghiem: muc dich, chua'n bj, each tien hanh, dU kiln kit qua

+ Thdng nhat kit qua cua nhiem vu

+ Vilt bao cao

+ Bao cao trUdc ldp

- Phan cdng cdng vile cho mdi thanh vien trong nhdm, ghi vao phiiu phan cdng nhiem vu

Btfdc 2: Hoal ddng

trong nhdm nhd

- - Cd nhdn hinh

thdnh y tudng vd

Idm viic:

- Thdo ludn:

- Thong nhat y kiin

Btfdc 3: Hoat ddng

trong nhdm Idn

- Dgi diin nhdm

bdo cdo

- Nhdm khde nhdn

xet

- Tong kit

- Tim hiiu van de, xac dinh nhiem vu can giai quylt: Thilt ke thi nghiem

ehflng minh quang hdp anh budng din nang suat cay trdng (dot vdi cay lay la)

- Giai quyel van dl; HS xac dinh muc dieh cua thi nghiim, neu gia thuyit thi nghiem, thiet kl thi nghiim, tfl dd xac djnh dung cu, each liln hanh,

du kiln kit qua thi nghiem

- Vill cau tra Idi hoac y lUdng cua minh ra giay AO d vi tri cua minh

- Nhdm Irudng ebi dinh 1-2 tbanb viln nlu y kiln vl each giai quylt nbilm vu,

- cac thanh viln nlu y kiln cua minh da ghi ra, gom: muc dich, each tien hanh, du kiln kit qua thi nghiim

- Cac tbanb vien cdn lai lang nghe va dUa ra y kiln nhan xet ciia minh,

bd sung y kiln, yeu cau lam rd: ylu cau cua mau vai, giai Ihich cac bUde tbi nghiim, each tinh diln tich la

- Thu ki gbi chep, long hdp y kiln cae ban ra giay

- Ca nhdm trad doi, thdng nhat dap an cho nhiem vu cua nbdm

- Thu ki vilt bao cdo cua nhdm vao pban gifla cua giay AO,

cac nhdm dan san pham Iln bang (Giay AO)

1- 2 nhdm cfl dai dien lin trinh bay kit qua ciia nbdm minh

- Cac nhdm khac lang nghe, so sanh vdi kit qua nbdm minh de nhan xel,

bd sung, ed the phat van de lam rd van de

- Nbdm bao cao cd nbilm vu giai thieh nhflng thac mac ciia cac ban, dfla

ra li le, giai thich cho san pha'm cua nhdm minh

Ca Idp thong nhal dap an cuoi cung hoae GV thdng nhat:

- Mue dich thi nghiem: Chflng minh quang hdp anh hfldng din nang suat cay trdng

- Chuan bi: Cay lay la (rau cai, )

Chau, dal trong cay

Dung cu tudi nfldc, bdn phan

Keo, dap, can

- Tiln banh: Chpn 4-6 cay d6ng diu nhau vl kich thudc va sU phai trien, chia Ihanb 2 nhdm trong trong 2 chau dSt

+ Chau 1: dat ngoai anb sang

+ Chau 2: dat Irong toi

Che dd cham sdc khac (nfldc, phan bdn) blnh thudng va nhfl nhau d 2 chau Sau 2 man, ngdt cac la d moi chau dem can va linh dien ticb So sanh de nil ra kit luan

- Du kiln kel qua: Chau 1 cd khoi lUdng va dien tich la Idn hdn chau 2 -^ Quang bdp anh budng den khdi Ifldng va dien lich bd la -^ Quang

Btfdc 4: Danh gia

- HS tu danh gia va danh gia cac ban trong nbdm bang each ghi thdng tin danh gia vao phiiu danh gia, phieu hdi,

- Cae nbdm tu danh gia va danh gia nbdm khac bang each ghi thdng tin danh gia vdo phieu danh gia

- Cdng bd cae thdng tin danh gia (vl kiln thflc bai bpc thai dp, KN hdp lac) cua nhdm minh va cae nbdm khac

- GV nhan xet va danh gia HS ihdng qua kit qua quan sal

- HS tu nil kinh nghiem cho ban than

Btfdc 3 HS nit ra quy trinh hdp lac li^ irai nghiem

- Sau khi HS trai nghiem hdp tac, dudi sU budng dan cua GV, HS se nil ra dUdc cac budc ciia quy trinb bdp tae gdm 4 budc (Xem budc 3 d trin)

- GV lien hdnh cbo HS thao luan de thay dUdc tinb logic cua quy trinh, hiiu rd cac thao lac

va y nghTa ciia tflng budc trong quy trinh

• Btfdc 4 HS tiep tue ren luyln theo quy trinh bdp tdc

- GV giao nbilm vu bpc tap (cau bdi bai tap, phiiu hpc tap, bai tap dU an) de HS ren luyln NLHT (Irln ldp hpac ngoai gid Iln ldp)

- HS thtfc biln vile hpc tap theo nhdm de ren luyln NLHT

- Kbi HS tien hanh hdp tac theo quy trinb, GV cd nbilm vu theo doi, quan sat, giiip dd, dinh hudng, dilu chinh va danh gia qua Irinh hdp tac cua HS

Btfdc 5 Danh gia vile ren luyen NLHT va nit kinh nghiem

GV ciing HS danh gia kit qua ren luyen NLHT va nil kinh nghiem eho viee ren luyln cac

NL khac

2.5 Thu'c nghiem su pham

Chung tdi da Irien khai id chflc ren luyen NL hdp tac cho 42 HS ldp 1IA13 d trudng THPT Hilu Lung, huyen HiJu Lung, tinh Lang Sdn, nam hpc 2013- 2014 kbi day bpc mdt so bai thupc chUdng CHVC&NL - SH 11 THPT theo quy trinh da dl ra

Chung tdi da xay dung bang eac lieu chi danh gia NLHT Ihdng qua cac kT nang hop lac, moi tilu chi chung tdi xac dinh 3 mflc chat lUdng Sau khi thUc nghiem, kit qua chung cho thay cae kT nang bdp lae cd sU tang len rd ret theo chiiu bUdng tich cUc Ti 11 HS dat dUdc d cac mflc do

d giai doan dau thuc nghiim irln cac tilu chi chii yeu 6 mflc I va mfle 2, din gifla thflc nghiim va cuoi thuc nghiem tl II HS dat mflc 3 tang lin dang ke Phan lich rieng bill mdt so hpe sinb cung cho thay Ihdng qua ren luyln NLHT thi cac mflc dp dat dUdc ciia NLHT lang len theo cac bai thflc nghiim va sU tang nay cd y nghia Diiu dd ehflng id la quy trinh ren luyln NLHT cd linh kha thi

3 Ket luan

Tren day ehung tdi da can cfl vdo ed sd Ii luan ve hdp tac, NLHT de xay dung cau true NLHT vd quy trinh ren luyen NLHT gom 5 budc, ehung tdi da van dung quy trinh de ren luyln eho 43 HS ldp 11 THPT d Lang Sdn va kll qua bude dSu cho thay quy trinh dUdc xay dUng cd tinh kha thi irong viec phai trien NLHT cho ngUdi hoe trong day hpc cbUdng Chuyin hda vat chat va

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

[I] Piaget Jean, 1997 Tdm lihgc vd gido due hge NXB Giao due Ha Ndi

[2] Dang Thanh HUng, 2002 Dgy hge hiin dgi - li ludn biin phdp ki thudt NXB Dai hpc Quoc

gia Ha Ndi

[3] Tran Ba Hoanh, 2006 Ddi mdi phUOng phdp dgy hgc chuang trinh vd sdch gido khoa NXB

Dai hpc su pham Ha Ndi

[4] Nguyin Lan, 2000 TU dien tU vd ngd Viit Nam NXB Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh, tr.881 [5] Xavier Roegiers, 1996 Khoa sU phgm tich hgp hay lam thi ndo dephdt triih cdc ndng luc d nhd trudng, Ngudi dich: Ddo Trgng Quang Nguyin Ngge Nhi NXB Giao due Ha Ndi [6] Thai Duy Tbyen, 1993 77m hiiu bdn chdt qud trinh day hoe Tap ehi Nghiin cflu Giao due,

10, b 1013

-[7] Thai Duy Tuyen, 2008 Phuang phdp day hoc truyin thong vd doi mdi NXB Giao due Ha

Ndi

[8] Nguyin NhU Y (ebu bien), 1999 Dgi lU dien Tieng Viet NXB Van bda thdng tin, tr.848 [9] Brown A L & Palincar A S, 1989 Guided cooperative learning and invidual knowledge acquisition in Resnuek L B (Ed) Knowing, learning and intruclion: Essays in honor of

Robert Criaser, Hilldale NJ: Erlbanm

[10] Johnson D W & Johnson R T, 1991 Learning together and alone: Cooperative, competitive, and Individualistic learning Interaction Book Company, Edina, pp.15 [I I] Renkl A., 1995 Learning for later reading: An explore- turn of mediational links between teaching expectancy and learning results Learning and Instruction, 5, p2l-36

[12] Richard A L, 2009 Learning to teach Mc Graw-Hill, New York, USA

[13] Rosenshine B & Meister C , 1994 Reciprocal teaching: A review of the research Review of

Educational, 64, p479-530

[14] Slavin R E., 1990 Cooperative learning: Theory, research and practice Englewood cliffs

NT: Prentice hall

ABSTRACT TVaining collaborative competency for students via teaching chapter "Matter and energy

metabolism" - ll"' grade biology in high schools

Collaborative competency is in many countries thought to be the core competency that smdents need lo have in the iwenly-first century In Vietnam, a draft of core competencies for curriculum, to be used sometime after 2015, was created which includes nine overall competencies, including collaborate competency, indicating that collaborative competency is very important This competency must be developed at educational levels and in all subjects In this

article, we present a process of training collaborative competency and the apply of this process in

teaching the Chapter "Matter and energy metabolism" of 11 "* grade biology in high schools

Keywords: Cpllaboration, collaborative competency, training collaborative competency